The joy is hearing three extraordinary counter-tenors expressing their own voice. I've no desire to compare one with another, but simply to be thankful that I live in a time to hear such beauty. Robert.
Ce n'est pas l'émotion digne et respectueuse d'Aci qu'il traduit mais la sienne ! Il fait beaucoup d'efforts pour se débrouiller malgré son trac, ses hésitations, ses coupures ...et son chant ne dure que 3 mn . Ses propres faiblesses le rendent sympathique mais impossible de les imaginer chez Farinelli ! Idem pour le chant léger et enfantin de Jaroussky .
It is REMARKABLE that Derek Lee Ragin's 20-yo footage displaying his unique voice so full of many colors and shades still sounds so fresh and relevant, and no less "competitive" than the best of the current crop of the Golden Age of countertenors. John Eliot Gardiner was such a visionary in hiring him as Tamerlano, David, and Nerone, as well as Gluck's Orfeo. I know DLR had a respectable international career, but perhaps not quite the huge fame and stardom that he truly deserved, I'm afraid.
L'émotion intense, pure et totale de Derek Lee Ragin face au baroquisme fou de Franco Fagioli et à la parfaite technicité d'un Philippe Jaroussky finalement d'une grande froideur... Merci Mr Ragin pour la leçon d'il y a à peine 20 ans de cela...
If, as I read, Philippe Jaroussky's natural singing voice is baritone, how is he able to sing continuously in falsetto, apparently so effortlessly? Incredible. His version here is particularly transporting... He gets the prize for inhabiting the role and adding drama. I particularly love the rubato of the detached final utterance 'fa' which adds poigniancy. I have been this repeatedly.
Franco is truly great. Derek is amazing. Philippe has modern charm - his approach seems most often light-hearted and sorta fun! people enjoy that very much!
My two favourite counter tenors for dramatic baroque arias - Franco Fagioli and Derek Lee Ragin. I also love Philippe but more for lighter baroque arias, his work with Nathalie Stitzman and church music. Wonderful to hear the three of them - beautiful music. I think Derek is the most versetile of the three from singing the purer lines of Glucks Orpheo ed Eurodice, to more ornate and dramatic Handel. Franco wins hands down with the uber difficult and very demanding baroque arias.
Thanx for this amazing video! My favorite Jaroussky forever. I had the opportunity to listen to this live... OMG... my soul was shaking and my heart full of joy
For absolute beauty, for perfection, for utter commitment and the ability to convince that he is feeling what he is singing, there is nobody for me that compares with Derek Lee Ragin. There is no stridency, no straining, nothing that takes one away from that astonishing beauty of sound.
C'est incroyable comme cet air magnifique parait somptueux , digne et émotionnel quand c'est Fagioli qui le chante, malgré le son, très acide et les échos gênants ici . Jarousski et Derek Lee Ragin noient la beauté de la mélodie dans des tas de petites ornementations inutiles et parfois destructrices qui leur permettent d'éviter les performances et de ménager la longueur de leur souffle , concoctée tout spécialement par Porpora pour Jupiter, une aria d'"éternité , réservée aux grands castrats.......Bravo Franco ! Quelqu'un ici écrit qu'il a pleuré en t'écoutant .....Et pas de chef d'orchestre pour toi, tu gères le rythme et les instruments toi-même avec quelques gestes , c'est une performance à signaler !
Franco est exceptionnel, mais sachez que dans ces opéra d'époque, on laissait des temps morts volontairement pour permettre aux chanteurs de faire des "fioritures"....En plus sachez que dans les hautes contre ou contre ténors il y a des basses , des ténors et des barytons......Cela change le jeux. Franco étant un ténor, Jarousski un baryton
@@renehalm7318 Oui, ces fameux temps morts et da capo qui étaient souvent très angoissants pour les grands compositeurs qui voyaient leur belle oeuvre partir dans tous les sens dans ces moments "libres" . Ils étaient peu nombreux les chanteurs qui avaient le don de valoriser l'oeuvre . Franco possède ce don !
Philippe Jaroussky tourne la la tête dans tous les sens vers la fin, à droite, à gauche, en haut, en bas pour une aria qui n'a plus rien de commun avec celle de Porpora . Au moins il m'a fait rire....
bravi tutti e un esempio dell evoluzione della vocalità dei controtenori che sono oggigiorno sempre piu numerosi e sempre piu bravi philippe qui è un esempio bellissimo di ciò che si definisce sprezzatura del cantante nella prassi esecutiva
Es impresionante que unos seres humanos, tan humanos como todos nosotros, pueden alcanzar esas voces tan perfectas y tan extraordinarias al momento de cantar. En serio lo digo, me sobrecoge, los tres son sorprendentes, pero es inevitable que terminemos prefiriendo a uno solo, en este caso, en mi opinión, creo que el de la voz más asombrosa y fenomenal es el moreno, Dereck Lee Ragin, al que recién vengo conociendo y es el que más me ha impactado en este vídeo.
3 different styles of voice and feeling. Sorry for my bad english..but, by voice of heart and patriotism, I will say that Phillippe Jaroussky win the competition, but everyone's tastes and colors. The 3 are the masters in their domain anyway, and it's a pleasure to listen them.
One of our favourite movies of all time! It is the reason that, today, we LOVE the great "faux-castrati" of our time - the superb countertenors of today....
what an amazing emotional performer Derek saw him at the Met shortly after Farinelli ...and that other day walking by 65 th street and central park west I heard his voice starting the aria inside that church I just ran in in ecstasy got a seat ; ) !
É incrível essa composição! Uma sensibilidade avassaladora! O instrumental belíssimo! E as vozes dos três são divinas! É uma viagem ao passado! Obrigado! Bravo!!!
Jherek Whippet así es. Tienes mucha razón ese film fué la puerta para entrar a un mundo exquisito y para mi desconocido de la música de Porpora, Handel , Riccardo Broschi, etc. Y en este modesto homenaje son tres voces diferentes y muy bellas cada una. Al contratenor Derek Lee Ragin lo escuché hace 20 años cuando el estreno de la película Farinelli il castrato 1994 ( él tiene hoy unos 55 años) , a Philippe Jaroussky hace unos 9 a 10 años y él tiene actualmente unos 36 o 37 años, y a Franco Fagioli lo descubrí hace entre 2 a 3 años (él ahora tiene 33 años). Translate: Jherek Whippet so. You are quite right that film was the door into an exquisite world and my unknown music Porpora, Handel, Riccardo Broschi, etc. And this modest appreciation are three different and very beautiful voices each. Countertenor Derek Lee Ragin I heard it makes 20 years when the movie premiere castrato Farinelli il 1994 (he now has about 55 years), Philippe Jaroussky takes about 9 to 10 years and he currently has about 36 or 37, and Franco I discovered Fagioli made between 2-3 years old (he is now 33 years).
Very interesting and colourful vocal adjestives . It shows that vocal dexterity isn't dead yet in the world but it is alve and real to some and a figment of the imagination to others
Very interesting and colourful vocal adjectives .It shows that vocal dexterity isn't dead yet in the world, but it is alive and well in some and a figment of the imagination to others
je decouvre ici la voix incroyable de derek lee ragin qui m enchante et me transporte au dix huitieme sciecle a venise ou inviter dans un palais j ecoute ! philippe jaroussky arrive ensuite et l enchantement s amplifie , franco fagoli enfin nous emmene si loin ! on ne pourat peut etre plus revenir a notre epoque ! cet un risque a courire : merci a vous tous ; pierre-xavier de chassot .
Sorry for my bad english... Phillippe Jaroussky is magnifico!! on minute 7:55-7:59 ...sings "il gran dono di vita immortale" and 9:11 - 9:59. Bravoo!! his rendition great aria "Alto Giove" of Nicolo Porpora, italian composer masters of the baroque period, Alto Giove especially written for Farinelli. Phillippe said he was 17 when he went to see the movie Farinelli.
En america se estrenó (premiere) Farinelli il Castrato a finales de 1994 en multitud de cines. Y yo vi el film varias veces (many times). Gracias por compartir, quizá las nuevas generaciones no conocen este film tan interesante ..., con música tan bella de la que haya escrito e interpretado, por músicos tan geniales y cantantes tan talentosos.
Derek is the most emotionally inteligent from these three. He has taste, understanding and also modesty, which the other lack completely. One can see how much he cares about this piece. And above everythibg, I like that he's not 'cardboard perfect'.
Merci Ana ! J'avais, à l'époque, adoré ce film. Aujourd'hui mes préférences vont à Franco, sans une hésitation même si Philippe Jarouski est très agréable à entendre. Merci de les avoir réunis.
Derek is the best. What emotionality, he understands every word that he sings.🙂💗Fagioli is second, close behind Derek, the power and clarity of his voice is amazing.👍 Jaroussky is the last, he is just having fun, admiring himself and he sings without understanding the lyrics, as always.😅
Interrupted at odd places by multiple ads, advertisements perhaps should be limited to beginning or end. Wonderful to hear these impressive countertenors.
Cet art est proche du divin .. Pourtant certains gazaient au zyklon b le matin et écoutaient du classique l'après-midi ...préférence pour le modeste Derek...
Maravillosos los tres cada uno con su voz. Me encanta el barroco musicalmente pero la época me parece un horror, sin hablar de los “castratis” costumbre que acabo de descubrir duró hasta comienzos del siglo XX
Fine singing. I think that the three different sections could have been sequenced better, not mashed against each other. Franco Fagioli has a very interesting and challenging instrument.
Some of them a little bit dramatical... but surely beautiful and masterly! Those voices are most loved... as themselfes! ;) Thank you all who made this video possible! Rauno Th For me listen singing of counterternor is healing. It is like listening violin... it is like playing on harphischord. Those high notes do take me up.
Derek Lee Ragin. 10/10.
Absolutely. What emotionality, he understands every word that he sings.
I adore Jaroussky, but from the first moment I played my ‘Farinelli il castrato’ CD, I was smitten by Derek’s voice and skill.
Mamma mia che voce sono, voce d'angelo tutti i tre! Da pregare e piangere 🙏🙏🙏
The joy is hearing three extraordinary counter-tenors expressing their own voice. I've no desire to compare one with another, but simply to be thankful that I live in a time to hear such beauty. Robert.
I agree with you 100%!
Agree 🌹
all three are amazing! Personally, my heart is stolen by Jaroussky, forever
Derek! The coloris, the warm medium, the intelligence, the lyrics he totally understand, and the emotions.
Ragin's emotion...❤️
Ce n'est pas l'émotion digne et respectueuse d'Aci qu'il traduit mais la sienne ! Il fait beaucoup d'efforts pour se débrouiller malgré son trac, ses hésitations, ses coupures ...et son chant ne dure que 3 mn . Ses propres faiblesses le rendent sympathique mais impossible de les imaginer chez Farinelli ! Idem pour le chant léger et enfantin de Jaroussky .
It is REMARKABLE that Derek Lee Ragin's 20-yo footage displaying his unique voice so full of many colors and shades still sounds so fresh and relevant, and no less "competitive" than the best of the current crop of the Golden Age of countertenors. John Eliot Gardiner was such a visionary in hiring him as Tamerlano, David, and Nerone, as well as Gluck's Orfeo. I know DLR had a respectable international career, but perhaps not quite the huge fame and stardom that he truly deserved, I'm afraid.
why wouldn't it? a lot of singers from postwar era sound fresh and relevant today. He surely deserved more recognition.
I totally agree. His Orfeo is unbeatable, despite the verion of Philippe and Franco.
I love Fagioli's voice.It has magnificent power. Jaroussky and Ragin are fantastic too.❤ Absolutely wonderful !!!
I like the three of them... but my heart goes definitely to Philippe Jaroussky.
They are all anazing . Beautiful interpretations, emotions and voices.
I love them all ❤
I am in awe❤
Впервые слышала эти прекрасные голоса и произведения в мужском исполнении. Владение голосом безупречно! Высочайшее артистическое мастерство! Браво!
L'émotion intense, pure et totale de Derek Lee Ragin face au baroquisme fou de Franco Fagioli et à la parfaite technicité d'un Philippe Jaroussky finalement d'une grande froideur... Merci Mr Ragin pour la leçon d'il y a à peine 20 ans de cela...
Je vous suis en tous points.
je les apprécie tous les trois. Ils sont au "top". Tous sont très différents dans leur interprétation.
DEREK LEE RAGIN SUBLIME JUSTE
Jaraussky fantastico como siempre y tan natural.....me encanta.
Это гениально, прекрасно, Божественно! Я благодарю Дерека и Франко за это наслаждение!
If, as I read, Philippe Jaroussky's natural singing voice is baritone, how is he able to sing continuously in falsetto, apparently so effortlessly? Incredible. His version here is particularly transporting... He gets the prize for inhabiting the role and adding drama. I particularly love the rubato of the detached final utterance 'fa' which adds poigniancy.
I have been this repeatedly.
Franco is truly great. Derek is amazing. Philippe has modern charm - his approach seems most often light-hearted and sorta fun! people enjoy that very much!
Derek pure emotion
My two favourite counter tenors for dramatic baroque arias - Franco Fagioli and Derek Lee Ragin. I also love Philippe but more for lighter baroque arias, his work with Nathalie Stitzman and church music. Wonderful to hear the three of them - beautiful music. I think Derek is the most versetile of the three from singing the purer lines of Glucks Orpheo ed Eurodice, to more ornate and dramatic Handel. Franco wins hands down with the uber difficult and very demanding baroque arias.
Franco Fagioli maravilho, Jaroussky divino e Derek eterno.
My favorite Jaroussky.
Derek Lee Ragin's voice is unique, I love it !!
All of them are fine, but goodness, how marvellous Fagioli & Jaroussky are! Absolutely stunning!
Derek will always be my favorite. Less ornamentation but real depth and modesty. Franco and Phillippe are both very different and all are beautiful.
very true, Derek feels more naturally inspired, the other two are good, but in this rendition Derick is great
Just found this tonight...Oh MY GOD where has this been hiding? Beyond incredible, beyond beauty. No words.
Thanx for this amazing video! My favorite Jaroussky forever. I had the opportunity to listen to this live... OMG... my soul was shaking and my heart full of joy
For absolute beauty, for perfection, for utter commitment and the ability to convince that he is feeling what he is singing, there is nobody for me that compares with Derek Lee Ragin. There is no stridency, no straining, nothing that takes one away from that astonishing beauty of sound.
Philippe is sooo divine, perfect voice, like in heaven ❤❤❤❤❤
Derek Lee Ragin - And he is still the best!
Excelente…..👏👏👏👏👏
Extraordinary voice!
Derek, unbelievable...
still!!
Simplemente increíble escucharlo
Mil gracias ☺️ por la vida 😘😘
Une voix magnifique et vous êtes de toute beauté dans le chant. Je vous souhaite une très belle vie dans vos souhaits
Beautiful voice.🦋🦋🦋
そうなの…
💜💜💜
Wow. I am so glad that I found this video of different countertenors sing songs from the film Farinelli. Every singer here sung dauntingly beautiful.
Again and again every day ..
Derek è meraviglioso, una voce vellutata e affascinante
tout simplement magnifique
Derek est tout simplement magique !! Quelle qualité de voix !!!
Derek ist genial!
Jaroussky excelente.
Fagioli is untouchable in the control, ornamentation, and ability to project; the Birgit Nilsson of Countertenors!
Perfect text here and I love Fagioli and he has a big and wonderful voice...
Fagioli always the best!
Derek's soul is singing this one
Franco Faggiolly my lovely singer bravissimo
C'est incroyable comme cet air magnifique parait somptueux , digne et émotionnel quand c'est Fagioli qui le chante, malgré le son, très acide et les échos gênants ici . Jarousski et Derek Lee Ragin noient la beauté de la mélodie dans des tas de petites ornementations inutiles et parfois destructrices qui leur permettent d'éviter les performances et de ménager la longueur de leur souffle , concoctée tout spécialement par Porpora pour Jupiter, une aria d'"éternité , réservée aux grands castrats.......Bravo Franco ! Quelqu'un ici écrit qu'il a pleuré en t'écoutant .....Et pas de chef d'orchestre pour toi, tu gères le rythme et les instruments toi-même avec quelques gestes , c'est une performance à signaler !
Franco est exceptionnel, mais sachez que dans ces opéra d'époque, on laissait des temps morts volontairement pour permettre aux chanteurs de faire des "fioritures"....En plus sachez que dans les hautes contre ou contre ténors il y a des basses , des ténors et des barytons......Cela change le jeux. Franco étant un ténor, Jarousski un baryton
@@renehalm7318 Oui, ces fameux temps morts et da capo qui étaient souvent très angoissants pour les grands compositeurs qui voyaient leur belle oeuvre partir dans tous les sens dans ces moments "libres" . Ils étaient peu nombreux les chanteurs qui avaient le don de valoriser l'oeuvre . Franco possède ce don !
Philippe Jaroussky tourne la la tête dans tous les sens vers la fin, à droite, à gauche, en haut, en bas pour une aria qui n'a plus rien de commun avec celle de Porpora . Au moins il m'a fait rire....
My Favorite 💯💞
Philippe ta voix est magnifique
My good friend Derek Lee.. Sing it!!!!!
bravi tutti e un esempio dell evoluzione della vocalità dei controtenori che sono oggigiorno sempre piu numerosi e sempre piu bravi philippe qui è un esempio bellissimo di ciò che si definisce sprezzatura del cantante nella prassi esecutiva
Es impresionante que unos seres humanos, tan humanos como todos nosotros, pueden alcanzar esas voces tan perfectas y tan extraordinarias al momento de cantar.
En serio lo digo, me sobrecoge, los tres son sorprendentes, pero es inevitable que terminemos prefiriendo a uno solo, en este caso, en mi opinión, creo que el de la voz más asombrosa y fenomenal es el moreno, Dereck Lee Ragin, al que recién vengo conociendo y es el que más me ha impactado en este vídeo.
🙏🙏🙏 нет слов.... все слова тщетны...🥲
Todos são maravilhosos com suas técnicas em diferentes cores vocais, e interpretação.
Señor que voz!💕
Belas vozes sem dúvidas, porém a de Jaroussky se assemelha a de um anjo, simplesmente magnifico!
La interpretación de Derek es impecable y magistral, tal vez por la película de "Farilleni il castrato", es increíble ¡.
3 different styles of voice and feeling. Sorry for my bad english..but, by voice of heart and patriotism, I will say that Phillippe Jaroussky win the competition, but everyone's tastes and colors. The 3 are the masters in their domain anyway, and it's a pleasure to listen them.
One of our favourite movies of all time! It is the reason that, today, we LOVE the great "faux-castrati" of our time - the superb countertenors of today....
what an amazing emotional performer Derek saw him at the Met shortly after Farinelli ...and that other day walking by 65 th street and central park west I heard his voice starting the aria inside that church I just ran in in ecstasy got a seat ; ) !
Wonderful
Aloe Antinous Aquila lucky!!!
Thank you for sharing such an splendid selection. I can’t think in one over the other but I love Philippe tenure and natural sweetness
All three are fantastic but for me, Jaroussky is by far the best. His sounds and grace is head and shoulders above the rest. He can do no wrong
Spirit and Soul combine in a wonderful way!
Derek canta con el alma
Stunning ❤️🙏❤️
Derek Lee´s perfect!
tutti e tre meravigliosi. Se stessi. ARTISTI!!!! PERFORMANCE ARTISTICHE
É incrível essa composição! Uma sensibilidade avassaladora! O instrumental belíssimo! E as vozes dos três são divinas! É uma viagem ao passado! Obrigado! Bravo!!!
Jherek Whippet así es. Tienes mucha razón ese film fué la puerta para entrar a un mundo exquisito y para mi desconocido de la música de Porpora, Handel , Riccardo Broschi, etc. Y en este modesto homenaje son tres voces diferentes y muy bellas cada una. Al contratenor Derek Lee Ragin lo escuché hace 20 años cuando el estreno de la película Farinelli il castrato 1994 ( él tiene hoy unos 55 años) , a Philippe Jaroussky hace unos 9 a 10 años y él tiene actualmente unos 36 o 37 años, y a Franco Fagioli lo descubrí hace entre 2 a 3 años (él ahora tiene 33 años).
Translate: Jherek Whippet so. You are quite right that film was the door into an exquisite world and my unknown music Porpora, Handel, Riccardo Broschi, etc. And this modest appreciation are three different and very beautiful voices each. Countertenor Derek Lee Ragin I heard it makes 20 years when the movie premiere castrato Farinelli il 1994 (he now has about 55 years), Philippe Jaroussky takes about 9 to 10 years and he currently has about 36 or 37, and Franco I discovered Fagioli made between 2-3 years old (he is now 33 years).
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤ merveilleux 🥰🥰🤩🤩❤❤❤❤❤ je suis fan ❤❤❤
Ragin: depth. Fagioli: stamina. Jaroussky: elegance.
I love his voice......
Incredibly interesting to watch the diversity of voices to enjoy!
SUBLIME DEREK LEE RAGIN *****
Derek is the best, he stole my heart many years ago
Espectaculares y sublime.
Very interesting and colourful vocal adjestives . It shows that vocal dexterity isn't dead yet in the world but it is alve and real to some and a figment of the imagination to others
Very interesting and colourful vocal adjectives .It shows that vocal dexterity isn't dead yet in the world, but it is alive and well in some and a figment of the imagination to others
Tribute for 2 decades great movie Farinelli Il Castrato. Excelente film with Porpora, Riccardo Broschi and Handel music & magnificent singers...
Derek bravissimo!
je decouvre ici la voix incroyable de derek lee ragin qui m enchante et me transporte au dix huitieme sciecle a venise ou inviter dans un palais j ecoute ! philippe jaroussky arrive ensuite et l enchantement s amplifie , franco fagoli enfin nous emmene si loin ! on ne pourat peut etre plus revenir a notre epoque ! cet un risque a courire : merci a vous tous ; pierre-xavier de chassot .
Sorry for my bad english... Phillippe Jaroussky is magnifico!! on minute 7:55-7:59 ...sings "il gran dono di vita immortale" and 9:11 - 9:59. Bravoo!! his rendition great aria "Alto Giove" of Nicolo Porpora, italian composer masters of the baroque period, Alto Giove especially written for Farinelli. Phillippe said he was 17 when he went to see the movie Farinelli.
Ana Zulay Espinoza up és siempre magnifico....jajaja
En america se estrenó (premiere) Farinelli il Castrato a finales de 1994 en multitud de cines. Y yo vi el film varias veces (many times). Gracias por compartir, quizá las nuevas generaciones no conocen este film tan interesante ..., con música tan bella de la que haya escrito e interpretado, por músicos tan geniales y cantantes tan talentosos.
💐👏👏👏👏💐👏👏👏👏👏💐👏👏👏👏👏bravo!!!!!!!
Maravilhoso! 😇🙏😊🌺🍀⚘❤👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏
IL a une voix de soprano, c'est incroyable !
I love Philippe Jaroussky. His voice makes me cry 😥
Une vraie gymnastique vocale! Impressionnant!
Genial vídeo y mejor música, esplendor del barroco y magníficos interpretes.
Derek is the most emotionally inteligent from these three. He has taste, understanding and also modesty, which the other lack completely. One can see how much he cares about this piece. And above everythibg, I like that he's not 'cardboard perfect'.
Absolutely don't agree, he's so overdoing things, so does Fagioli, but there's no accounting....
Merci Ana ! J'avais, à l'époque, adoré ce film. Aujourd'hui mes préférences vont à Franco, sans une hésitation même si Philippe Jarouski est très agréable à entendre.
Merci de les avoir réunis.
Derek is the best. What emotionality, he understands every word that he sings.🙂💗Fagioli is second, close behind Derek, the power and clarity of his voice is amazing.👍 Jaroussky is the last, he is just having fun, admiring himself and he sings without understanding the lyrics, as always.😅
que delicia de musica 29-7-20 : ) y que videaso
Interrupted at odd places by multiple ads, advertisements perhaps should be limited to beginning or end. Wonderful to hear these impressive countertenors.
A Bright Star in the Universe!
Cet art est proche du divin ..
Pourtant certains gazaient au zyklon b le matin et écoutaient du classique l'après-midi ...préférence pour le modeste Derek...
Maravillosos los tres cada uno con su voz. Me encanta el barroco musicalmente pero la época me parece un horror, sin hablar de los “castratis” costumbre que acabo de descubrir duró hasta comienzos del siglo XX
I think it only lasted so long in the vatican choir. Im not aware of castrati being in fashion anywhere else.
Fine singing. I think that the three different sections could have been sequenced better, not mashed against each other. Franco Fagioli has a very interesting and challenging instrument.
Some of them a little bit dramatical... but surely beautiful and masterly! Those voices are most loved... as themselfes! ;) Thank you all who made this video possible! Rauno Th
For me listen singing of counterternor is healing. It is like listening violin... it is like playing on harphischord. Those high notes do take me up.
Le dramatique fait partie du jeu. Discipline italienne à l'origine. On n'est pas loin de la Comedia del Arte