I enjoyed your show… I visited Hadrian’s Wall and the forts. The wall is divided in wide wall (you could walk on, and a thinner wall . The thinner wall you would not walk on. It’s purpose is not to fight from but limit cattle rustling and control of goods back and forth. Like a California Freeway sound wall… barely defensive. The small castles and fortlets and patrols were the main defenses.
Too bad they had a camera crew with them. If I were a roman reenactor, I'd get some mates together and march around Hadrian's wall, preferably at dusk or in the mist, and make people think we were ghosts. 😁
Hadrian's Wall was actually much taller in its original form. It was originally constructed with a base of stone and topped with a wooden palisade that stood around 20 feet (6 meters) tall. This made it a formidable barrier for anyone trying to cross into Roman Britain. However, over the centuries, much of the wall has been dismantled and used for building materials, so today it stands at a fraction of its original height. Despite this, Hadrian's Wall remains an important and impressive historical site that is well worth visiting.
An interesting fat - 2000 years ago soldiers from around Basra in modern day Iraq were stationed at the Hadrian's Wall, at the whim of the senate. 2000 years later, soldiers from the area of Britain around the Hadrian's wall were stationed in Basra as part of an armed force lead by a certain other senate.
if i had the choice i would want to be stationed at Vindolanda . The whole wall was well engineered . i always think of the letters that were uncovered at Vindolanda, asking for wool socks from home. all in all a great video ! bravo ! to everyone who participated in it !!! would love to see more on the wall , in the future !!!
Imagine all the lads from the hot climates of West Asia(the Near East), Africa & Southern Europe who were sent so far up North by Rome. They might have never really needed wool socks till then. I'm from the Southeast Asian tropics myself & I'd probably freeze, especially while wearing the regular Roman legionary uniform. That would be Before winter even starts. I'd try to carry on, but I'm not sure I'd survive a season.
I walked the wall back in 1977. It was quite and experience for me, as the Roman army was one of my main interest back then, and I was just starting to become an Archaeologist.
The Battle at Mons Grapius was one the rare instances that the auxilia was in the front lines. Usually the auxilia would hold the flanks of the legions, while the legions doing most of the fighting.
I live within 5 miles of Vindolanda so have had most of the information covered here forced into me by osmosis over the years - but it's still interesting to hear the changing interpretations of the history as more archaeology gets revealed. Thank you for dedicating a full episode to the topic. I look forward to the episode where you both come back again in mid-January to repeat the walk in 8ft drifts... 😉
There is an episode of Tasting History with Max Miller where he makes posca which he declares very refreshing. He also covers other Roman cooking and many other historical dishes. Highly recommended.
re - 33:00 - Using Hadrians Wall as an open quarry There's a part in (I think) a Terry Pratchett book, where he's describing a wall around a city (Ank-Morpork, I think). He describes the way by saying: "At first it was an impediment to further growth of the town, later becoming a source of masonry for it." I always remember that line whenever I hear about these kinds of things happening.
I'm a British expatriate living in Germany who occasionally motorcycles to the Isle of Man for the famous TT Races. One year I visited Hadrian's Wall after the TT while motorcycling around the North of England. Its well worth the visit but when I went it wasn't very well signposted which is typically British nonetheless I had no trouble finding it. I understand it was more a control point than a barrier against the barbaric locals.
It was multipurpose. As they mentioned, it cut through Brigantes territory, so it disrupted that coalition in every way: politically, socially, economically, and militarily. It was then both a barrier and a control line for anyone north of the wall. Some sections were built along natural escarpments, so it was a very significant defensive structure in those places. It was also pretty well manned.
The Vallum was not mentioned, a massive defensive line built approx 50 - 100m south of the wall, a bank, ditch and bank, defence in two directions delineating the military zone along with the wall and wall ditch. At first the locals would have been brutally rounded up to help build the wall, stone had to be quarried and carried, while legionaries built the structure the many tons of wall stone and packing would have been provided by forced labour of men women and children. Those that survived this awful treatment would certainly have born the scars and the grudges for years to come. This would be repeated elsewhere in Roman Britain especially during the building of Roman roads, much bigger projects than the wall, think of the amounts of stone required, the labour for levelling and construction, hundreds, maybe thousands of locals would be rounded up from miles around, beaten, half starved the logistics and the dangers to everyone involved must have been immense. Roman Britain especially in the early days would definitely not have been a good place.
@@halonkin2 but as said the Roman were pretty keen on taking good ideas from the local and standarding them. Pants were adopted by the roman legion in colder climate during the conquest of Gauls in 58 BC. I'm sure they would wear appropriate clothes in 122 AD on Hadrien's wall, even if not part of the standard kit.
Factoid: Roman troops wore hob-nailed boots - not sandals. There are thousands that have been recovered. Shoes as well. The boots were a brilliant design for an army on foot: Open toed, slats for ventilation and drainage, with triple soled hob-nailed bottoms. They typically were the height of a modern day hiking boot, just above the ankle, and quickly formed to the wearers feet. They likely caused no blisters becaue the ventialtion was excellent. Romans in the north wore heavy woolen socks that contained the natural lanolin for fairly good water repellancy. Boots were called caligulae, and were always being made in any semi permananent Roman camp or settlement as replacement kit. There are letters that stiplulate sales orders and personal requests from soldiers who needed a spare pair. They wore them out pretty fast, but there are no records of complaint about comfort. Modern replicas have been shown to be extremely comfortable and quick forming.
Several years ago I walked all the Wall with a friend, from Walls End to Solway, and even with the Book we had problems finding it at times. It had rained with muddy passes, and we could see the wall in the grass crossing a field, which we then entered (To avoid the mud), not to the owners agreement, as he complained from a distance! We also talked to a family wanting to built a garage on their land, and had to pay for a research, not to ruin any possible Roman remains! But they still find stones with the name of the troop which did built the walls section, and they are collected in the Museum at the Walls End. And I could imagine that many stone fences around came from the wall?
I couldn't be a Roman soldier, but I could be a Celt, which is what I am. We'd sneak up in the middle of the night & unleash the porridge catapults, haggis shells and finally, if they refused to give up, we'd play the bagpipes. That usually got rid of most of 'um. Aye, the good old days.
you forget most Celts became Romanized and were Roman citizens in the army stationed at Hadrians wall. Roman citizenship became universal throughout the empire where you had German Romans and Greek Romans serving at Hadrians wall even middle Eastern soldiers.
@@gavank4525 both the religion and alphabet parts are general things that happened to all of Europe, not things that have to due with direct Roman influence. And also it was only southwestern Britain that was really Romanized. The east and north of Britain remained highly traditionally Celtic, keeping their old language and way of life, hence why the Welsh language still exists today, because it wasn't replaced by latin.
@@camulodunon Um I’m quite perplexed from the lack of knowledge in you comment the alphabet of most modern alphabets especially in Europe are based of the Latin alphabet and while many celts did survive in the west and north of britannia that was mostly the country side and not the main city centers these celts were highly romanized anyway if you too a celt from let’s say the 3rd century they would be very different from a Celt from 1st century
Roman legionary with the red crest would be a junior officer, an Optio. As is the one with a white crest, Centurions wore their crests transversly. More junior soldiers did not wear crests. The Lorica would have been laced at the front with the plates overlapped, else some opponent could poke you thru the gap. It is also laced at the back, so if your armour no longer fit, you'd either get new armour that did, or ensure any gap was in the back. A Centurio with a belly like the prof's would have been quickly killed. p.s. - Decimation was VERY rare, only a hadfull occurred in the 750 odd years of the Empire. Punishments of a soldier for sleeping on watch, cowardice, and other capital crimes would be by the other 7 men in his conturburnium, who would beat him o death.
I’ve been to Hadrian’s Wall museum. It’s amazing and it’s really a beautiful area. Crazy but I was impressed with the remains of their toilets. 😂 The Romans were ahead of their times in many ways (engineering). Civilized and yet barbaric at the same time. Thanks again HH! Really enjoyed this!
the world before the middle ages was impressive. It’s when western society fell that everything else did too and was forgotten. We would possibly be 300-500 years ahead in technology had Rome not fell. Even Greek inventors were already developing combustion machines. The Dark ages changed everything.
@@ricoflamma5430 plus all of the other worldwide civilizations like Egypt, and the entirety of Africa just about. Sumeria, Indus river valley. China for most of ever, even way late the Azteca had tenoxhtitlan which awed the dirty Europeans.
Could you survive on Antonines wall ? It was actually in Scotland,between The Clyde and The Forth it even had Syrian Auxiliaries in one of the forts,near Dullater.
i come from the wrong side of the wall, i feel proud that the romans built this to stop us coming to play with them 😁 there is an old Alex Harvey song that says "i'm a roman on the wall and i don't know why" cheery weather and midgies must have been great perks of being on the wall 😂
In all honesty I think its less them not wanting to fight but more that Scotland wasn't worth conquering. England and Wales was wet and dull enough but has plenty of arable land and is comparatively flat and Scotland is wetter, colder, hillier and the loss of life and resources to conquer and hold and "civilise" wasn't worth the return. Just build a wall and leave them to it.
@@ThePhilipoconnor Yes, but that wall required the equivalent of two legions to (not entirely successfully) defend. Over the two hundred years + of occupation that would have stacked up in money and resources. My understanding is that the Roman Army would successfully beat the snot out of ‘us’ through the summer campaigning season and then go into winter camps. Apparently they thought ‘we’ were unsportsmanlike for attacking them during the winter months!
I live on Hadrian's Wall in Northumberland, it runs across our back garden. It's -10c here today.. October and November saw torrential rain for days at a time.. freezing cold British rain. It must have been pretty grim being stationed here especially as recent research indicates that the natives weren't as peaceful as previously thought. When I read archaeology in the early 90s the theory was that the wall was essentially a very big tax barrier.. but you don't build a massive wall to collect money from the northern wastes.. you build it to control the flow of people. The wall bisected the Brigantes who.were not known for their cooperation with the invaders. Indeed the archaeology now tells is that the wall was breached on several occasions... It must have been bloody awful!
Not during Hannibal and Spartacus. If this were true, he would be wearing a Montefortino, or an Apulo-Corinthian helmet with a more curved scutum rather than a Clipeus. If an Hastatii, a single bronze or copper sheet for protection or a Lorica Hamata if Principes or Triarii, which is the only similarity. If its post marian reforms, they would have a scutum rather than a clipeus. The Galea is acceptable because it would have been around during the time, but the coolus helmet would have been more common
If a marching Roman unit was lucky, they stopped for the night at a pre-existing Roman nightly marching camp. Nightly marching camps in Roman territory or friendly territory were possibly left intact. In this case all an incoming Roman unit had to do was maintenance work on the already existing ditch, clean-up the marching camp and set-up their tents. This left more time for cooking and relaxation and sleep. Stopping at 5 pm in the wintertime meant no sunlight to see what they were doing. I believe the Roman marching unit had to stop earlier while enough daylight existed so the soldiers could see what they were doing such as digging the trench, setting down their tents in straight lines. Remember back in those days, there is no outdoor lighting. Way out in the countryside on bad nights like the new moon, cloudy nights with no stars and moon meant that at 5 pm it quickly became pitch black. You couldn't see your hand in front of your face.
Wow. Being a Roman Legionaire was a tough life. These guys must have been very tough and very well disciplined. Well, they had to be in order to survive. Very interesting video.
It's interesting to note that going back pre-Caesar, to the establishment of what 'we' think of as the Roman Army, during the Marian Reforms, the soldiers were referred to as 'Marius' Mules'.
A vanity project? That's the first I've ever heard of that hypothesis. Does it make sense to have a vanity project so far away from the most densely populated Romanized provinces like Italy itself, Alexandria, Greece and so on? I would think the idea would have as many eyeballs as possible looking at your wonderful works: Theaters, Aqueducts, Baths, Arenas, Temples and Statues etc., rather than an architecturally spartan structure at the edge of the Empire.
I guess it could 'show off' just how rich and strong your Empire is by having a massive wall built at the frontiers. Rumours probably spread about the wall, even if most Romans couldn't see it.
It depends who your audience was. Think in terms perhaps, not of trying to impress other Romans...but the denizens of a far flung and still wildly unsettled province in the fringe of the empire? Hadrian's Wall wasn't maybe up to much as an actual defensive structure, you couldn't literally man every foot of it. But as a visual demonstration of power, to a populace of Britons, Celts, Picts constantly on the verge of revolt? In theory it'd make quite the statement. To take their ancient and mystical landscape and build a thwacking great wall across all those hills and rivers and fields, across the entire island.
@@Blisterdude123 Agree..this is a recent meme created by English Historians to denigrate Scotland's history. There were no anglo saxons in the 'British' iles, only celtic tribes. Unfortunately for touchy English academics the inhabitants of most of England were subjugated by the romans, Th ones in the North i.e., Scotland were not .
Knowing that I start to really feel the weight of my plate carrier, and my Kevlar helmet starts to really dig into my head on a long convoy. I can’t imagine the wear and tear 25 yrs of wearing Roman kit would do to those soldiers. The level of fitness they must have had is envious. 😅 and my gear for convoy maybe weights 30-35lbs max.
Actually full combat loadouts of modern militaries weren't that different weight wise compared to what the Romans had to carry . There is just a certain physical limit of what a human can carry over long distance which hasn't changed till today .
@@JayzsMr well seeing as my loadout for a convoy is a 20-25lb Kevlar, plate carrier and a 3ish lb ACH. And sitting in a vehicle that normally has some degree of AC/heat vs an average 15-30mile daily foot march. I’m still impressed by the Roman army and their overall level of fitness.
@@blaznskais2048 yes but if you have to go for long marches with the full gear which includes everything then the weight is kind of similar. At least I had to do that when I was in the military in Europe. We regularly had to do long marches with full loadout and all the gear like cooking equipment, camouflage ect . It's not like the Romans went into battle or on patrol with everything they need to survive all the time
It always makes me smile when a 21st-century man struggles along to do normal everyday things that a Roman soldier would have been fully acclimatised to. as a young lad in the north of England in Thatchers Britain, I walked 14 miles a day five days a week to get to the college I was attending for my A-levels. Thatcher had devastated the north at the time and I could not afford bus fare to get there. The administrators took three months to sort out the free bus pass I was supposed to be entitled to at the time LOL. So, I walked 7 miles each morning; worked through my full day course; studied until 10 o'clock at night in the library there because The assignment work was huge and then walked 7 miles home at 10 o'clock in the evening five days per week. I took it in my stride because it became normal and it was no effort. remembering that in the olden days, there were no distractions for leisure and entertainment apart from singing; drinking and enjoying those most special carnal pleasures (smile). No one in the past would have been living a sedentary life. Everyone would have been physically fit just from everyday living.
This is such a fun history "lesson." HIstoryHit has been doing a great job of bringing history to a new generation with super interesting videos like this
Missing 80 pounds of gear including eating utensils, their food, bed. A somewhat good try. And though glorified in movies the testudo was actually very rarely used.
The "testudo" with the shields over their heads would have been pretty useless in the various boondocks of the Roman Empire. It was used primarily in sieges where the soldiers had to deal with arrows and other missiles raining down on them from the fortifications above their heads. But it always looks great- in the movies!
You don’t have to twist the gladius to remove it. Yes twisting it does open up the wound and cause more damage but twisting is not necessary for removal from your opponent’s body.
You don't have to twist your hips when you punch someone. But it's much more powerful if you do. And if you practice enough you gain muscle memory and when the time comes to fight for your life you don't even have to think about it. Same applies with the sword thingy you speak of.
@@stickemuppunkitsthefunlovi4733 you missed the point. He said you have to twist to get the sword out of your opponent when that is objectively false. Is twisting it a good idea to cause more damage? Absolutely. However, it is not necessary to be able to remove the sword after stabbing someone.
@@bravebeard6225 buy a pork shoulder or any other big hunk of meat. Take a kitchen knife and stab it then try and pull the knife out without twisting. You’ll find it comes out without much effort. Now imagine doing that with a double edge weapon. Same thing.
@@bravebeard6225 Your trust is misplaced though. This isn't the first time that Dr. Simon Elliott demonstrates that he doesn't know how swords work. Here's a Link to a react video of Metatron to an earlier Video with Dr. Eliott: ruclips.net/video/8W4xUWrzakQ/видео.html
So many inaccuracies in here but ... At one point I'm pretty sure he said the Roman soldier carried a "hand mill for grinding corn" ... Corn didn't come to Europe until the late 1400s.
The word "corn" was used in Old and Middle English to refer to any grain seed, or the main grain crop of a region. For example, in England, "corn" was used to refer to wheat, while in Scotland and Ireland, "corn" was used to refer to oats.
I really want to walk the length of hadrians wall, but make a challenge of it and do it in 3 days! Planning the logistics of it are proving to be the hardest part!!!!!!!
Having north Africans on Hadrian's wall was like when I served in the US air force serving on the Distant Early Warning radar system in northern Alaska to detect Soviet missiles coming from the Artic. Our unit had 50 or so men. Someone in personnel thought it was a good idea to put people from Florida and Alabama in our location. We were 90 miles north of the Artic circle. They were cold by September I was from New jersey, and several were from other 4 season states.
This was good, but they might be the shabbiest legionaries of all time :D Lorica segmentata fastened with a massive gap on the torso, jeans shorts, sword strap fastened way too far down the scabbard making it stick really far out and getting in the way of everything. If my armor left the front of my torso that exposed, I think I would rather just take it off and enjoy the benefits of a lighter kit. Either that or grab a couple of javelins or darts and go skirmish tf out It's the equivalent of a modern soldier going off to war with sneakers and a hoodie Honestly just joking though, I place no real stock in it. Really enjoyed the video :D
I loved this- fun way to learn about something I really can’t say I cared about before. Now I know something about the lives of a lot of ordinary people. Which though we don’t know their names it’s those Roman soldiers who really made Rome what it was.
I'm an ex-squaddie I finally a few years back crossed Vindolanda off my bucket list and was stunned to find it overlooked to the North by a tall hill That bought home the difference 2,000yrs of fighting tech does to a soldier Spion Kop is still to the modern soldier as Roukes Drift was to the Victorian Army Did the Roman army know their potential foe too well
Interesting, of course. However, I do question the sense of having the sword, and especially the longer sword, hanging on the right hip.We could see, in this video, how difficult and awkward it was for the sword to be drawn upwards and out with the right hand - much faster and far more efficient to cross draw, opposite hip to opposite hand, surely ? Still jolly good video though :)
@@rodsayers6963 - that's actually not necessarily true with just a bit of practice. The length of the sword helps as well, but it's perfectly easy to draw swords with those shields provided you've rehearsed the manouvre a bit (as any soldier would). There's also ample evidence to suggest they did indeed wear them on the left side, textual evidence at least (Josephus' description of Roman armaments in the Jewish War is a really good example). It may not have been uniform, much as the Roman-era artwork would like to suggest it.
@@LieutenantBromhead Thank you for the further information - interesting - and also interesting that descriptions and surviving visual evidence would suggest that after the departure of the Roman Legions from Britain, the Anglo-Saxons, and the later Norman military consistently wore the scabbard on the left hip, to cross draw the sword with the right hand, presumably as a preferred maneuver. Once again, thank you for the info - interesting and genuinely appreciated :)
The family messages found at VINDOLANDA, for example, were written by members of the elite families of the Roman officers. The ordinary grunts had "unofficial families" made up of the locals who lived around their forts. However one poor soul did write home for some underwear.. It must have been tough, isolated duty but certainly not a "hell hole"
I grew up about 100 yards from a turret on the wall in Newcastle Upon Tyne (Turret road for ggogle maps fans) and can confirm that the winters would have indeed been bloody freezing.
Gladius Hispaniensis does not translate to spanish sword, it means sword from Hispania / Iberia , all of it! Yes including Portugal! These "history pro´s" keep making same mistake confusing Hispania with Spain! There was no Spain and no Portugal back then, so not Spanish not Portuguese, maybe Lusitanian ;)
@@Dave_Sisson :) Yes, I know, but tell them they don't need to be sad because their names were different at the time... ok ok maybe the sword was Andosin? Also I was thinking about them in my comment, I just used Portugal as my favorite example . :)
I dunno, the use of "Spain" is pretty reasonable, it's the direct evolution of the name "Hispania". Portugal's independence from Castillian hegemony is mostly just a funny historical quirk, when you consider that equally distinct nations in Galicia, Catalonia, the Pais Vasco etc. are all just "Spain" now.
@@ilmari1452 No it´s not reasonable when they are / mean different things, there was no Spain when the Romans gave the name Gladius Hispaniensis. In 2022, Spain means a country not the Iberian Peninsula! The Romans were referring to same Iberian Peninsula not today´s country! So yeah it is wrong. Regarding Portugal's independence, your comment is just ignorant, ignoring that Portugal fought for it´s independence since day one, with many battles and much sacrifice, much blood and tears. Our ancestors worked for it. ;) Yes, to me the name Spain does not hide the frustrated dream of having the entire peninsula... Yep frustrated :D
Hope you enjoyed guys! What do you think would've been the worst part of the job for a Roman soldier? 🤔
Going to the Medicus would be a unique experience I fear.
I enjoyed your show… I visited Hadrian’s Wall and the forts. The wall is divided in wide wall (you could walk on, and a thinner wall . The thinner wall you would not walk on. It’s purpose is not to fight from but limit cattle rustling and control of goods back and forth. Like a California Freeway sound wall… barely defensive. The small castles and fortlets and patrols were the main defenses.
I subscribe to the History hit website but can’t find it
Inter-campaign construction projects. (No excitement at all!)
Why cant i find this episode on history hit on prime? I pay for the subscription.
The real tough soldier was the cameraman who walked those miles carrying a heavy camera set without complaining
Car.
Nah it was recorded on a iPhone
Probably a drone
the cameraman is like the roman standard bearer
_Maybe _*_he_*_ does be a real Roman . . ._ ;-)
People on that train would have been like… “did I just see Roman soldiers??” 😮😄
A train service so slow they're actually travelling backwards in time 🙂.
Too bad they had a camera crew with them. If I were a roman reenactor, I'd get some mates together and march around Hadrian's wall, preferably at dusk or in the mist, and make people think we were ghosts. 😁
THATS A ROMAN SOLDIER INNIT GUV?!?
@@ImmopimmoLOL this is an amazing idea that I could totally see happening on a tv show like Curb hahaha
"Are we there yet?" That's most likely an accurate quote
I was dying when he said that
Hadrian's Wall was actually much taller in its original form. It was originally constructed with a base of stone and topped with a wooden palisade that stood around 20 feet (6 meters) tall. This made it a formidable barrier for anyone trying to cross into Roman Britain. However, over the centuries, much of the wall has been dismantled and used for building materials, so today it stands at a fraction of its original height. Despite this, Hadrian's Wall remains an important and impressive historical site that is well worth visiting.
And here I thought it was just that the old timey Scots couldn't jump.
@@Gr8tBlueHeron they were tiny he made up that entire story.
@@Gr8tBlueHeron There were no "Scots" at the time. Just Picts. The Scots didn't come over from Ireland until wee bit later.
@@jackdubz4247 and here I thought the old timey Picts just couldn't jump.
@@AnonYmousxxx69420xxx if you posted a link it doesn't show up. Other than that I can't make much sense of what you said...
An interesting fat - 2000 years ago soldiers from around Basra in modern day Iraq were stationed at the Hadrian's Wall, at the whim of the senate. 2000 years later, soldiers from the area of Britain around the Hadrian's wall were stationed in Basra as part of an armed force lead by a certain other senate.
what goes around, comes around.
A very interesting fat.
@@JDoe-gf5oz obesity isn't funny
@@joshuddin897 But it goes around and comes around...get it?
Wtf did. You just type
if i had the choice i would want to be stationed at Vindolanda . The whole wall was well engineered . i always think of the letters that were uncovered at Vindolanda, asking for wool socks from home. all in all a great video ! bravo ! to everyone who participated in it !!! would love to see more on the wall , in the future !!!
Went there on a school trip when I must've been 12 or 13 and got to wear some of their replica armour!
Imagine all the lads from the hot climates of West Asia(the Near East), Africa & Southern Europe who were sent so far up North by Rome. They might have never really needed wool socks till then.
I'm from the Southeast Asian tropics myself & I'd probably freeze, especially while wearing the regular Roman legionary uniform. That would be Before winter even starts. I'd try to carry on, but I'm not sure I'd survive a season.
I walked the wall back in 1977. It was quite and experience for me, as the Roman army was one of my main interest back then, and I was just starting to become an Archaeologist.
You had to use auto correct for archeologists didn’t you😂😂
@@Beetlejuice2231 No, I know the difference. I only use Archeologist in certain cases, for example on some US Govt forms😀
This was really informative but also extremely entertaining! Loved seeing how much fun the presenters were having as Roman soldiers 😆
Romans were rich they could pay farm workers to be present in roll call meanwhile...
Nice to see alot of this was filmed on my local dog walk, a little village called Gilsland in Cumbria/Northumberland.
Sounds like the ultimate dog walking trail
That's a beautiful part of the UK to live in.
Coming from Wales, I'm happy that Cumbria and Cymru have the same root.
The Battle at Mons Grapius was one the rare instances that the auxilia was in the front lines. Usually the auxilia would hold the flanks of the legions, while the legions doing most of the fighting.
I live within 5 miles of Vindolanda so have had most of the information covered here forced into me by osmosis over the years - but it's still interesting to hear the changing interpretations of the history as more archaeology gets revealed. Thank you for dedicating a full episode to the topic.
I look forward to the episode where you both come back again in mid-January to repeat the walk in 8ft drifts... 😉
i took a bus from Exeter to Vindolanda when i went to uni in England. Was awesome.
No chance the UK gets 8 foot drifts of snow lmao
Search "Tan Hill snowed in" for an example. 8 foot drifts are not uncommon along this whole area.
It is very tough to so far from the pub!
@@CondorTheBird I've spent many winters digging sheep out of them - but you're right it must just have been my imagination...
🤡
There is an episode of Tasting History with Max Miller where he makes posca which he declares very refreshing. He also covers other Roman cooking and many other historical dishes. Highly recommended.
Passtheflamingo is also a good channel to check out 👍
i like how the best Dulux paints and Brushes went into the design of the shields
Sin = left, dex=right! THAT'S where heraldry gets the terms dexter and sinister! I love it when I make an etymological discover!
Great video lads, thoroughly enjoyed. Good effort on the Gladiator wheat field intro!
Thoroughly enjoyed this, thank you.
a pretty good sense of humour in this
re - 33:00 - Using Hadrians Wall as an open quarry
There's a part in (I think) a Terry Pratchett book, where he's describing a wall around a city (Ank-Morpork, I think). He describes the way by saying:
"At first it was an impediment to further growth of the town, later becoming a source of masonry for it."
I always remember that line whenever I hear about these kinds of things happening.
I'm a British expatriate living in Germany who occasionally motorcycles to the Isle of Man for the famous TT Races. One year I visited Hadrian's Wall after the TT while motorcycling around the North of England. Its well worth the visit but when I went it wasn't very well signposted which is typically British nonetheless I had no trouble finding it. I understand it was more a control point than a barrier against the barbaric locals.
It was multipurpose. As they mentioned, it cut through Brigantes territory, so it disrupted that coalition in every way: politically, socially, economically, and militarily. It was then both a barrier and a control line for anyone north of the wall. Some sections were built along natural escarpments, so it was a very significant defensive structure in those places. It was also pretty well manned.
@@nathanthomson1931 Thanks for the input.
@@paulwilliams6159 Wtf does you going to the Isle of Man TT have to do with this? Nobody cares mate
The Vallum was not mentioned, a massive defensive line built approx 50 - 100m south of the wall, a bank, ditch and bank, defence in two directions delineating the military zone along with the wall and wall ditch. At first the locals would have been brutally rounded up to help build the wall, stone had to be quarried and carried, while legionaries built the structure the many tons of wall stone and packing would have been provided by forced labour of men women and children. Those that survived this awful treatment would certainly have born the scars and the grudges for years to come. This would be repeated elsewhere in Roman Britain especially during the building of Roman roads, much bigger projects than the wall, think of the amounts of stone required, the labour for levelling and construction, hundreds, maybe thousands of locals would be rounded up from miles around, beaten, half starved the logistics and the dangers to everyone involved must have been immense. Roman Britain especially in the early days would definitely not have been a good place.
without advanced tech or nearby resources such projects came at an enormous human cost indeed
The guys were wearing modern day boots. The Romans wore hob nail sandals! Great video as always, guys.
Their kit is pretty horrible overall
Modern feet wouldnt do well 😂
@@halonkin2 At least one of them has chainmail, even if it’s also terrible
@@halonkin2 but as said the Roman were pretty keen on taking good ideas from the local and standarding them.
Pants were adopted by the roman legion in colder climate during the conquest of Gauls in 58 BC.
I'm sure they would wear appropriate clothes in 122 AD on Hadrien's wall, even if not part of the standard kit.
Factoid:
Roman troops wore hob-nailed boots - not sandals. There are thousands that have been recovered. Shoes as well.
The boots were a brilliant design for an army on foot: Open toed, slats for ventilation and drainage, with triple soled hob-nailed bottoms. They typically were the height of a modern day hiking boot, just above the ankle, and quickly formed to the wearers feet. They likely caused no blisters becaue the ventialtion was excellent. Romans in the north wore heavy woolen socks that contained the natural lanolin for fairly good water repellancy. Boots were called caligulae, and were always being made in any semi permananent Roman camp or settlement as replacement kit. There are letters that stiplulate sales orders and personal requests from soldiers who needed a spare pair. They wore them out pretty fast, but there are no records of complaint about comfort. Modern replicas have been shown to be extremely comfortable and quick forming.
2:54 I’m loving that Gladiator reference 🤣🥺
This was great and very informative. Great job guys
Great stuff. Always enjoy when history is bought to life.
Much appreciated. We hope to do more of this kind of thing!
Several years ago I walked all the Wall with a friend, from Walls End to Solway, and even with the Book we had problems finding it at times. It had rained with muddy passes, and we could see the wall in the grass crossing a field, which we then entered (To avoid the mud), not to the owners agreement, as he complained from a distance! We also talked to a family wanting to built a garage on their land, and had to pay for a research, not to ruin any possible Roman remains! But they still find stones with the name of the troop which did built the walls section, and they are collected in the Museum at the Walls End. And I could imagine that many stone fences around came from the wall?
I couldn't be a Roman soldier, but I could be a Celt, which is what I am. We'd sneak up in the middle of the night & unleash the porridge catapults, haggis shells and finally, if they refused to give up, we'd play the bagpipes. That usually got rid of most of 'um. Aye, the good old days.
you forget most Celts became Romanized and were Roman citizens in the army stationed at Hadrians wall. Roman citizenship became universal throughout the empire where you had German Romans and Greek Romans serving at Hadrians wall even middle Eastern soldiers.
@@bryanmatos3994 Ireland, Scotland and western England + Wales were never truly romanized.
@@camulodunon lmao what religion do they follow what alphabet are they based off also britons were romanized Which were celts along with the Gauls
@@gavank4525 both the religion and alphabet parts are general things that happened to all of Europe, not things that have to due with direct Roman influence. And also it was only southwestern Britain that was really Romanized. The east and north of Britain remained highly traditionally Celtic, keeping their old language and way of life, hence why the Welsh language still exists today, because it wasn't replaced by latin.
@@camulodunon Um I’m quite perplexed from the lack of knowledge in you comment the alphabet of most modern alphabets especially in Europe are based of the Latin alphabet and while many celts did survive in the west and north of britannia that was mostly the country side and not the main city centers these celts were highly romanized anyway if you too a celt from let’s say the 3rd century they would be very different from a Celt from 1st century
I bet someone on that train said What? and got confused. So funny. Lol
I also very much liked the Asterix and Obelix reference they did there. 😂
"Could you survive as a Roman soldier on Hadrian's wall?"
I believe that depends on how well stocked on arrows the Picts are.
Roman legionary with the red crest would be a junior officer, an Optio. As is the one with a white crest, Centurions wore their crests transversly. More junior soldiers did not wear crests. The Lorica would have been laced at the front with the plates overlapped, else some opponent could poke you thru the gap. It is also laced at the back, so if your armour no longer fit, you'd either get new armour that did, or ensure any gap was in the back. A Centurio with a belly like the prof's would have been quickly killed.
p.s. - Decimation was VERY rare, only a hadfull occurred in the 750 odd years of the Empire. Punishments of a soldier for sleeping on watch, cowardice, and other capital crimes would be by the other 7 men in his conturburnium, who would beat him o death.
I’ve been to Hadrian’s Wall museum. It’s amazing and it’s really a beautiful area. Crazy but I was impressed with the remains of their toilets. 😂 The Romans were ahead of their times in many ways (engineering). Civilized and yet barbaric at the same time. Thanks again HH! Really enjoyed this!
the world before the middle ages was impressive. It’s when western society fell that everything else did too and was forgotten. We would possibly be 300-500 years ahead in technology had Rome not fell. Even Greek inventors were already developing combustion machines. The Dark ages changed everything.
Did it have overly loud music like this video?
@@ricoflamma5430 plus all of the other worldwide civilizations like Egypt, and the entirety of Africa just about. Sumeria, Indus river valley. China for most of ever, even way late the Azteca had tenoxhtitlan which awed the dirty Europeans.
romans had bether toilet system 200 years ago then comunist/facist china has today 😂 😂 😂 😂 😂 😂
@@ricoflamma5430 thats what the religions of the boks did ....
it wouldnt be me stuck with the Romans, it would be the Romans stuck with ME
Could you survive on Antonines wall ? It was actually in Scotland,between The Clyde and The Forth it even had Syrian Auxiliaries in one of the forts,near Dullater.
😂 yeah, they’d be stuck with me too, because of my farts 🤪
@@SimonAshworthWood umm they fart times two. So you against those who fart twice as much. Good luck mate 😳
Fort is a derivation of fart
(fartus smellicux). Or vice-versa.
@@hamishanderson6738 yikes
"form Testudo!" And with this line i understood It isn't a documentary but a Hollywood feast
Thanks, really informative. It is so refreshing to see this type of history.
I don't disagree, very interesting, informative, funny and intellectual, you rarely get that in the states.
I really enjoyed the spirit of everyone in this
“Jocks to the left of me, Geordies to the right,
Here I am, stuck in the middle with you…”
Pretty much the whole of Northumberland is north of wall so you're making little sense.
@@monkeytennis8861 you’re all north of Watford…
i come from the wrong side of the wall, i feel proud that the romans built this to stop us coming to play with them 😁 there is an old Alex Harvey song that says "i'm a roman on the wall and i don't know why" cheery weather and midgies must have been great perks of being on the wall 😂
Not so much the midges - nowadays anyway. ( I live locally).
There was a ditch on both sides. It kept folk on as well as out
In all honesty I think its less them not wanting to fight but more that Scotland wasn't worth conquering. England and Wales was wet and dull enough but has plenty of arable land and is comparatively flat and Scotland is wetter, colder, hillier and the loss of life and resources to conquer and hold and "civilise" wasn't worth the return. Just build a wall and leave them to it.
@@ThePhilipoconnor Yes, but that wall required the equivalent of two legions to (not entirely successfully) defend.
Over the two hundred years + of occupation that would have stacked up in money and resources.
My understanding is that the Roman Army would successfully beat the snot out of ‘us’ through the summer campaigning season and then go into winter camps. Apparently they thought ‘we’ were unsportsmanlike for attacking them during the winter months!
@@Alfymale if you’re not cheating you’re not trying!! Ha. Especially against a militarily superior enemy.
I live on Hadrian's Wall in Northumberland, it runs across our back garden. It's -10c here today.. October and November saw torrential rain for days at a time.. freezing cold British rain. It must have been pretty grim being stationed here especially as recent research indicates that the natives weren't as peaceful as previously thought.
When I read archaeology in the early 90s the theory was that the wall was essentially a very big tax barrier.. but you don't build a massive wall to collect money from the northern wastes.. you build it to control the flow of people. The wall bisected the Brigantes who.were not known for their cooperation with the invaders. Indeed the archaeology now tells is that the wall was breached on several occasions...
It must have been bloody awful!
I’ve been waiting for this one!!!
Most entertaining and informative. You DEFINITELY deserved your pint of wine. In a bowl, presumably. Nice one! 🌟🌟👍
The auxiliary looks like the standard legionnaire during the time of Hannibal, Spartacus, Caesar, cleopatra. So definitely wasn’t poor equipment
probably sent their least useful auxiliary units, just manpower to man a wasteland
Not during Hannibal and Spartacus. If this were true, he would be wearing a Montefortino, or an Apulo-Corinthian helmet with a more curved scutum rather than a Clipeus. If an Hastatii, a single bronze or copper sheet for protection or a Lorica Hamata if Principes or Triarii, which is the only similarity.
If its post marian reforms, they would have a scutum rather than a clipeus. The Galea is acceptable because it would have been around during the time, but the coolus helmet would have been more common
No, he definitely does NOT look like any legionary from the periods you claim.....
If a marching Roman unit was lucky, they stopped for the night at a pre-existing Roman nightly marching camp. Nightly marching camps in Roman territory or friendly territory were possibly left intact. In this case all an incoming Roman unit had to do was maintenance work on the already existing ditch, clean-up the marching camp and set-up their tents. This left more time for cooking and relaxation and sleep. Stopping at 5 pm in the wintertime meant no sunlight to see what they were doing. I believe the Roman marching unit had to stop earlier while enough daylight existed so the soldiers could see what they were doing such as digging the trench, setting down their tents in straight lines. Remember back in those days, there is no outdoor lighting. Way out in the countryside on bad nights like the new moon, cloudy nights with no stars and moon meant that at 5 pm it quickly became pitch black. You couldn't see your hand in front of your face.
Its a great walk from one end to other. Coast to coast. Did it earlier this year.
I don't see why I wouldn't have survived. After all, I survived 6 years of primary school north of the Wall in the 1950s.
I like the "Gladiator" wheat field walk.
Fascinating, not only for the history, but also the countryside.
Wow. Being a Roman Legionaire was a tough life. These guys must have been very tough and very well disciplined. Well, they had to be in order to survive. Very interesting video.
It's interesting to note that going back pre-Caesar, to the establishment of what 'we' think of as the Roman Army, during the Marian Reforms, the soldiers were referred to as 'Marius' Mules'.
This is so good but the uhm… gut armor arrangement of the centurion was goddamn legendary 😂
Very informative, very interesting and enjoyable. Thank you for sharing.
Makes me proud to be Ydna R-U152-Z56 from Lancashire.
These Auxiliary men were pretty badass warriors. ;)
Love the Gladiator reference at 3:00 if that was on purpose 😉
Also the Asterix and Obelix one at 11:10 - 10:22 with the train. 😁
what a fun and informative video :) thank you!
A vanity project? That's the first I've ever heard of that hypothesis. Does it make sense to have a vanity project so far away from the most densely populated Romanized provinces like Italy itself, Alexandria, Greece and so on? I would think the idea would have as many eyeballs as possible looking at your wonderful works: Theaters, Aqueducts, Baths, Arenas, Temples and Statues etc., rather than an architecturally spartan structure at the edge of the Empire.
I guess it could 'show off' just how rich and strong your Empire is by having a massive wall built at the frontiers.
Rumours probably spread about the wall, even if most Romans couldn't see it.
It depends who your audience was. Think in terms perhaps, not of trying to impress other Romans...but the denizens of a far flung and still wildly unsettled province in the fringe of the empire? Hadrian's Wall wasn't maybe up to much as an actual defensive structure, you couldn't literally man every foot of it.
But as a visual demonstration of power, to a populace of Britons, Celts, Picts constantly on the verge of revolt? In theory it'd make quite the statement. To take their ancient and mystical landscape and build a thwacking great wall across all those hills and rivers and fields, across the entire island.
@@Blisterdude123 Agree..this is a recent meme created by English Historians to denigrate Scotland's history. There were no anglo saxons in the 'British' iles, only celtic tribes. Unfortunately for touchy English academics the inhabitants of most of England were subjugated by the romans, Th ones in the North i.e., Scotland were not .
hahaha I love that shot from 'Gladiator' at 2:52 Always wanted to visit Hadrians wall, do some hiking along side.
Knowing that I start to really feel the weight of my plate carrier, and my Kevlar helmet starts to really dig into my head on a long convoy. I can’t imagine the wear and tear 25 yrs of wearing Roman kit would do to those soldiers. The level of fitness they must have had is envious. 😅 and my gear for convoy maybe weights 30-35lbs max.
Actually full combat loadouts of modern militaries weren't that different weight wise compared to what the Romans had to carry . There is just a certain physical limit of what a human can carry over long distance which hasn't changed till today .
@@JayzsMr well seeing as my loadout for a convoy is a 20-25lb Kevlar, plate carrier and a 3ish lb ACH. And sitting in a vehicle that normally has some degree of AC/heat vs an average 15-30mile daily foot march. I’m still impressed by the Roman army and their overall level of fitness.
@@blaznskais2048 yes but if you have to go for long marches with the full gear which includes everything then the weight is kind of similar.
At least I had to do that when I was in the military in Europe. We regularly had to do long marches with full loadout and all the gear like cooking equipment, camouflage ect .
It's not like the Romans went into battle or on patrol with everything they need to survive all the time
Love these vids. Educational and entertaining. Haha.
It always makes me smile when a 21st-century man struggles along to do normal everyday things that a Roman soldier would have been fully acclimatised to.
as a young lad in the north of England in Thatchers Britain, I walked 14 miles a day five days a week to get to the college I was attending for my A-levels.
Thatcher had devastated the north at the time and I could not afford bus fare to get there. The administrators took three months to sort out the free bus pass I was supposed to be entitled to at the time LOL.
So, I walked 7 miles each morning; worked through my full day course; studied until 10 o'clock at night in the library there because The assignment work was huge and then walked 7 miles home at 10 o'clock in the evening five days per week.
I took it in my stride because it became normal and it was no effort.
remembering that in the olden days, there were no distractions for leisure and entertainment apart from singing; drinking and enjoying those most special carnal pleasures (smile).
No one in the past would have been living a sedentary life. Everyone would have been physically fit just from everyday living.
So you should thank Maggie for your youthful fitness.😄
This channel is like the “weird history” channel but for adults or people with more than two brain cells to rub together lol. Well done!
I am Northern Scottish. I couldn't survive being a Roman soldier on Hadrian's Wall.
My relatives would kill me.
This is such a fun history "lesson." HIstoryHit has been doing a great job of bringing history to a new generation with super interesting videos like this
And here I was thinking History Hit was the adults version of Horrible Histories
@@bec9696 and there you were indeed
Love watching documentaries like this.
Missing 80 pounds of gear including eating utensils, their food, bed. A somewhat good try. And though glorified in movies the testudo was actually very rarely used.
The "testudo" with the shields over their heads would have been pretty useless in the various boondocks of the Roman Empire.
It was used primarily in sieges where the soldiers had to deal with arrows and other missiles raining down on them from the fortifications above their heads. But it always looks great- in the movies!
It's reasonable to expect tents, food etc to have been carried by the mule each Contubernium had.
@@Oxen1997 Not to mention the sizable group of slaves each legion carried with them
@@smoothjazz2143 Yep, 2 tent slaves for every 8 men. Plus whatever is needed for other purposes.
Those Picts were crazy
You don’t have to twist the gladius to remove it. Yes twisting it does open up the wound and cause more damage but twisting is not necessary for removal from your opponent’s body.
You don't have to twist your hips when you punch someone. But it's much more powerful if you do. And if you practice enough you gain muscle memory and when the time comes to fight for your life you don't even have to think about it. Same applies with the sword thingy you speak of.
@@stickemuppunkitsthefunlovi4733 you missed the point. He said you have to twist to get the sword out of your opponent when that is objectively false.
Is twisting it a good idea to cause more damage? Absolutely. However, it is not necessary to be able to remove the sword after stabbing someone.
I trust the expert in the video before you.
@@bravebeard6225 buy a pork shoulder or any other big hunk of meat. Take a kitchen knife and stab it then try and pull the knife out without twisting. You’ll find it comes out without much effort. Now imagine doing that with a double edge weapon. Same thing.
@@bravebeard6225 Your trust is misplaced though. This isn't the first time that Dr. Simon Elliott demonstrates that he doesn't know how swords work. Here's a Link to a react video of Metatron to an earlier Video with Dr. Eliott: ruclips.net/video/8W4xUWrzakQ/видео.html
That train going by made me howl hahaha love these guys.
So many inaccuracies in here but ... At one point I'm pretty sure he said the Roman soldier carried a "hand mill for grinding corn" ... Corn didn't come to Europe until the late 1400s.
Great video guys, thank you for this!
Our pleasure!
Did you seriously say they had a mill for grinding corn?
The word "corn" was used in Old and Middle English to refer to any grain seed, or the main grain crop of a region. For example, in England, "corn" was used to refer to wheat, while in Scotland and Ireland, "corn" was used to refer to oats.
I'm betting that Chris Parrish doesn't go outdoors to Ren Fairs in the UK.
That was nice to watch thanks
Game of thrones wall must be based on hadrians wall
Always thought it was myself
Yep. It was
ruclips.net/video/bhpQwiz0Gq0/видео.html
The homage to gladiator was really cool, where he touched the grass at the beginning!
That knowledgeable fella made this video great. Only in Britain haha
Glad you enjoyed it!
I really want to walk the length of hadrians wall, but make a challenge of it and do it in 3 days! Planning the logistics of it are proving to be the hardest part!!!!!!!
Good luck!
Having north Africans on Hadrian's wall was like when I served in the US air force serving on the Distant Early Warning radar system in northern Alaska to detect Soviet missiles coming from the Artic. Our unit had 50 or so men. Someone in personnel thought it was a good idea to put people from Florida and Alabama in our location. We were 90 miles north of the Artic circle. They were cold by September I was from New jersey, and several were from other 4 season states.
These three were great fun to watch; i knew it’d be fabulous by 02:52 with that brilliant nod- this made my night! MAXIMUS! Thanks for this!
This was good, but they might be the shabbiest legionaries of all time :D
Lorica segmentata fastened with a massive gap on the torso, jeans shorts, sword strap fastened way too far down the scabbard making it stick really far out and getting in the way of everything. If my armor left the front of my torso that exposed, I think I would rather just take it off and enjoy the benefits of a lighter kit. Either that or grab a couple of javelins or darts and go skirmish tf out
It's the equivalent of a modern soldier going off to war with sneakers and a hoodie
Honestly just joking though, I place no real stock in it. Really enjoyed the video :D
Fantastic! Love history brought to live. Thank you👍
Ave from the Netherlands 🌷, T.
I loved this- fun way to learn about something I really can’t say I cared about before. Now I know something about the lives of a lot of ordinary people. Which though we don’t know their names it’s those Roman soldiers who really made Rome what it was.
You should try fighting in it. Its excellent armour when you consider "armour".
18:35 for the alan partridge moment 🤣🤣🤣 im rockin
If he was carrying a vine stick his crest would be transverse as a centurion.
I’m wondering if my Scotch kin would have gotten down to wall? That tiny island has just the greatest history, Loved this video❤️❤️❤️
I'm an ex-squaddie I finally a few years back crossed Vindolanda off my bucket list and was stunned to find it overlooked to the North by a tall hill That bought home the difference 2,000yrs of fighting tech does to a soldier Spion Kop is still to the modern soldier as Roukes Drift was to the Victorian Army Did the Roman army know their potential foe too well
As much as I love re enactments of the testudo imagine doing it under sling or arrow fire
Interesting, of course. However, I do question the sense of having the sword, and especially the longer sword, hanging on the right hip.We could see, in this video, how difficult and awkward it was for the sword to be drawn upwards and out with the right hand - much faster and far more efficient to cross draw, opposite hip to opposite hand, surely ?
Still jolly good video though :)
The roman curved shield makes it difficult to draw from the left. In reality it is very easy to draw from the right as the gladius is not that long.
@@rodsayers6963 Thank you - I appreciate the clarification. Perhaps lack of skill, or familiarity only made it appear awkward :)
@@rodsayers6963 - that's actually not necessarily true with just a bit of practice. The length of the sword helps as well, but it's perfectly easy to draw swords with those shields provided you've rehearsed the manouvre a bit (as any soldier would).
There's also ample evidence to suggest they did indeed wear them on the left side, textual evidence at least (Josephus' description of Roman armaments in the Jewish War is a really good example). It may not have been uniform, much as the Roman-era artwork would like to suggest it.
@@MrTorleon - to be fair you can draw a longer sword on the right without much difficulty after you practice it. It's just a question of familiarity.
@@LieutenantBromhead Thank you for the further information - interesting - and also interesting that descriptions and surviving visual evidence would suggest that after the departure of the Roman Legions from Britain, the Anglo-Saxons, and the later Norman military consistently wore the scabbard on the left hip, to cross draw the sword with the right hand, presumably as a preferred maneuver.
Once again, thank you for the info - interesting and genuinely appreciated :)
I like the Roman smartphone that the fella in the shorts is carrying. They must have an app for this?
😂😂
@@HistoryHit keep up the great work. I do really appreciate your wicked history videos 🙂
Great video! But the armour were quite shabely put on you guys. Could have been better worn.
The train scene was brilliant
It wasn't so bad. There were families at the wall forts and their ancient messages to each other do not tell a tale of hardship.
The family messages found at VINDOLANDA, for example, were written by members of the elite families of the Roman officers. The ordinary grunts had "unofficial families" made up of the locals who lived around their forts. However one poor soul did write home for some underwear.. It must have been tough, isolated duty but certainly not a "hell hole"
@@Frank-mm2yp Well I have always asked for underwear when out in an FOB for long, u can never EVER get enough clean underwear.
A wonderful reminder of the greatness of Rome. The two hosts are very sympathetic.
Romani Ite Domum!
Got to love those Caledonian Picts who who merged into the Scots 🤗
Only after mixing with northern Britons (Welsh) from Strathclyde, Scots from Ireland and Angles from Northumbria (Lothian)......oh, and Norse vikings.
I grew up about 100 yards from a turret on the wall in Newcastle Upon Tyne (Turret road for ggogle maps fans) and can confirm that the winters would have indeed been bloody freezing.
Gladius Hispaniensis does not translate to spanish sword, it means sword from Hispania / Iberia , all of it!
Yes including Portugal! These "history pro´s" keep making same mistake confusing Hispania with Spain!
There was no Spain and no Portugal back then, so not Spanish not Portuguese, maybe Lusitanian ;)
Andorra and Gibraltar are sad that you do not include them in Hispania / Iberia.
@@Dave_Sisson :) Yes, I know, but tell them they don't need to be sad because their names were different at the time... ok ok maybe the sword was Andosin? Also I was thinking about them in my comment, I just used Portugal as my favorite example . :)
@@-meganeura Well both those micro-countries are very small, while Spain and Portugal are decent sized proper countries.
I dunno, the use of "Spain" is pretty reasonable, it's the direct evolution of the name "Hispania". Portugal's independence from Castillian hegemony is mostly just a funny historical quirk, when you consider that equally distinct nations in Galicia, Catalonia, the Pais Vasco etc. are all just "Spain" now.
@@ilmari1452 No it´s not reasonable when they are / mean different things, there was no Spain when the Romans gave the name Gladius Hispaniensis.
In 2022, Spain means a country not the Iberian Peninsula! The Romans were referring to same Iberian Peninsula not today´s country! So yeah it is wrong.
Regarding Portugal's independence, your comment is just ignorant, ignoring that Portugal fought for it´s independence since day one, with many battles and much sacrifice, much blood and tears. Our ancestors worked for it. ;)
Yes, to me the name Spain does not hide the frustrated dream of having the entire peninsula... Yep frustrated :D
I've walked that wall twice; once as a 12 yr old and once at 28. Great memories.
I'm T-I-R-E-D...
Loved this! Wish I could have accompanied y'all!
I remember seeing Roman walls from different ages during my trip to Rome, still impressive and kept in a good shape. Lifetime memories
Very interesting and informative. I love the way this video went. I have now subscribed to your channel.
"We're going to build a wall, a big beautiful wall and make the barbarians pay for it."
~Hadrian (probably)
He didnt said that
This is an interesting video but you should come back mid winter to get an idea of the full experience.