18:54 That picture of the Milky Way from ISS, with the atmospheric glow... it's even more beautiful when you know what kind of problem-solving it took to take it. That's one of the reasons I never miss this channel.
i read it before, i think he misinterpreted/miscommunicated, basically they tested a bunch of models and one of the models (of a "younger /magmatic rock surface with a kinda of atmosphere" could fit the data better than dark old surface with no atmosphere not that JWST actually saw how the surface looked like
I'd imagine that your supermassive black hole deciding to roll over and fire it's jets into the main disk of your galaxy would make for a very bad few millions of years for quite a few star systems.
Just how Brainwashed do you have to be to make a Statement like you just did ! *A Black Hole where Nothing can escape its Gravity Firing out Jets of matter !* Is that some form of Liberal Logic ?
Could you imagine being a race with an understanding of space that gets to watch the jet turning your way year after year after year and...oh dear. @.o;
The fact that there isn't the equivalent of the Mars rover wandering around the moon having been doing experiments for the past 10 years really annoys me.
The main issue I would imagine is the long night and the lunar dust. You basically need to commit to a nuclear powered rover (and we have a limited budget of rtg fuel) and after that you need to make it survive the lunar dust. It's way more abrasive than anything on Mars and it tends to get stuck to everything. If those tiny glass like shards get into stuff on the rover it's likely going to have a bad time. Idk how long it would last though
I totally agree. I find it odd that those problems have been known about since man first stepped foot on the moon but seems only now they are working on ways to combat the problems. I feel this should have been well thought out by now.
Would the explanation for massive black hole so early in the universe be answerable by the fact things were just a lot closer together back then? So the black hole would find it easier to gobble up mass?
Things you can say neutrally about stars that are super dark when you say them about people: "they're only 2.7 years old, there hasn't been time for them to be torn apart yet."
Fraser, I couldn't help thinking that your many descriptions of black holes in this episode made them sound like dogs: feeding, napping, rolling over, etc. 😅
Don Pettit is the best! I, too, hope he leaves that equipment up there for future missions to use. Hopefully NASA will find a way to use his engineering skills to create a permanent tracking camera on the ISS.
What do you think about the idea of black hole stars in the early universe? i.e.- hypothetical giant stars that may have formed in the early universe with black holes as cores instead of our standard modern star cores. I seem to recall that was one hypothesis proposed to explain at least some supermassive black holes forming so quickly.
Hey Fraser, I was intrigued by a black hole's spin being affected by an external interaction. Does this mean that matter inside the event horizon can feel the presence of a large external mass? Or is the "spin" a feature of the event horizon itself? Would somehow changing the movement of matter inside the event horizon "communicate" that change to the black hole's spin?
Is there a stabile orbit formula where everything that will approach the black hole's event horizon will be eaten, and everything that stays outside will persist? I an thinking of the point where the dividing line for moos where they either approach the roche limit or they move away from their planet?
What I want to know is how did astronomers determine Trappist-1b's surface looks "young." In the Solar System this is usually done by counting craters, but as far as I know not even the James Webb has the resolution to directly image any surface features of a terrestrial exoplanet. All "direct-image" pictures of exoplanets taken are no more that three or four pixels, and it's usually only Jupiter-sized planets that can be imaged that way with current technology. So I'd be very curious to learn the method by which they could get the kind of data that says "a terrestrial exoplanet dozens of light-years away seems to have very few if any craters."
i heard a theory on an episode of star talk that the supermassive black holes were made from the earliest stars, which also contained dark matter, from theoretical physicist Katherine Freese
Hello Fraser this is Hernan Lucas from Buenos Aires Argentina, I have a question for you. you know they always talk about the age of the universe and my question to you so if you can try to explain is the following.. how you can tell the age of the universe is 13.5 let’s say billion years because when you see with your telescope to one size of the solar system through the galaxy, you can watch fairly almost 13,000,000,000 years and when you see to the other side of the solar system, you can watch also the same amount? We are just by a miracle in the middle of the universe.? thank you love the program. Keep making videos my best wishes for this holidays. Regards.
Just wait a month or two and the All Knowing Main Stream Scientific Community that told you about The Ridiculous Big Bang, Dirty Snowball Comets, Black Holes, Dark Energy, Dark Matter and any other Bullschitt (all to support their Big Bang theory) they will next be telling you that the Universe is 25 or 50 Billions Years old (when they have No Clue just like every other Lie that they come out with !)
Question: How do we know what the surface of the planets of Trappist-1 looks like? You mentioned, that a team concluded, that Trapoist-1b might have an atmosphere because of the surface features.
He either misread, or didn't read, the paper. The surface youth and the presence of an atmosphere had nothing to do with each other. Space weathering darkens and reddens the surface. Comparing the eclipse depth of the planet in two infrared bands, the paper suggests that the planet's spectrum is most consistent with an airless world with ultramafic rock. The slope of the spectrum (though, just two JWST MIRI bands) is inconsistent with a heavily weathered world, and more consistent with a fresh surface. The part of the paper that dealt with the atmosphere was an alternative, but less likely, explanation for the JWST data -- namely that rather than seeing CO2 bands in absorption (which we don't see), CO2 bands are actually in emission. This would require a thermal inversion in the upper atmosphere caused by a haze layer. But to be clear there is no evidence for a haze layer at this time. The authors of the paper suggested this was the less likely explanation for the JWST data. Cain linked the two explanations in his video, but the paper is clear that they're separate. Read it here: arxiv.org/abs/2412.11627
9:34 0.1% can’t be right, it’s really much less still: around 0.001 % Mass estimates for the Milky Way vary wildly, roughly between 0.2 and 1.5 trillion solar masses. Sag. A*’s mass is known more precisely at around 4.3 million solar masses. Even near the lower range of estimates for the Milky Way mass, the difference is in the order of a factor of 0.1 million. Which equals 0.001 %
i don't know, but my guess is, that if you make a plot with the total amount of light the planet reflects at us on y-axis, and the angle of the line between the planet and its start (the angle between that and the line between us and the planet). And that plotted curve's shape can tell you about the smoothness of the surface. There's an shape of that curve in case of a perfect sphere, and any irregularities of the surface will cause distortions of that shapes. (and especially when expecting specific irregularities like craters, then you can figure out specific distortions of the curve)... as some light that wouldn't be reflected at us by a perfect sphere at some given moment may still get reflected at us by the irregularities, and vice versa for light that would have been reflected at us by was reflected away by them..
Are we in denial about just how much science we can truly pluck from our current technological limitations where it concerns exoplanet specifics? I really admire the tenacity with which scientists are eking out information from the observations, but I worry that we may simply be interpreting things incorrectly, or more simply that the information required to make some findings simply isn't present to the degree that is actually required. I mean, I'm thrilled just to be living during a time when we can be all but certain that these distant worlds exist - but teasing out atmospheric or surface details - it seems a stretch. Having said all this, we simply CAN'T reach these worlds, at least not within our lifetimes, so if there's a modicum of info we can glean, then let's hold those findings as tentatively as any other findings at science's cutting edge and be prepared to be possibly proven incorrect on some fronts in the decades ahead.
Dear Fraser, I have a question for you! I was discussing with ChatGPT about surviving on Titan with minimal protection. It mentioned the risks of asphyxiation, extreme cold, and hydrocarbon poisoning. With Antarctic gear (added of extra layers) and a positive pressure breathing apparatus, it said survival for a few hours might be possible. I found that incredible! Is this really feasible? Thank you for this channel!
9:45 perhaps these very big black holes is pieces of the singularity from the big bang that didn't bang properly, but just flew out in one piece? Could explain why why they have been here from early time
Are there any new theories and or technique's to prove what the INTERIOR of a black hole is about and is there a possible "exit" once an object enters the black hole. Thank you. Great content!
A small but important correction. "Hypotheses" are scientist's ideas, educated guesses, etc. that have no yet been backed up by 3σ evidence, observations, experiments' results, etc. "Theories" were hypotheses for which independently verifiable evidence, etc. to at least a 3σ confidence, have withstood challenges over a period of time. Einstein's Special and General Theories of Relativity are examples.
I dont know man, using 1960’s-70’s technology that had that less advanced than even a 90’s cell phone we somehow got all these missions done, and yet now in 2024 they still can’t figure out how to get these landings done successfully!, its pretty bizarre when you think about it!
Not really. The recent crashes were commercial landers that have much smaller budgets and fewer resources than the government-built and run missions of the ‘60s and ‘70s. The rationale behind moving towards commercialization was that it would reduce costs in the long run. However, it was also understood that it’s a risky approach and that there would be a lot of failures, at least initially. We’re in the early stages of commercialization for lunar exploration so it’s still too early to tell if commercialization will be a success. However, considering how many failures SpaceX had during their early days but now they have the most frequently-used launch vehicle, the Falcon 9, I think there’s a good chance that commercialization for lunar exploration will succeed in the long-run.
I assume that blackholes from the very early universe are just the initial expanding matter and energy that hasn't yet expanded enough to not be a black hole. Considering that if you look at the matter/space concentration of the early universe it'd look like a massive black hole inside of which there are many black holes inside of which there are many black holes.
Super Black Holes rapid growth: could it be that in an early universe when all the mass was closer together, time was relatively slower compared to how it runs in a more expanded universe. As a result we percieve that the SBH was only 800m years old...but it has experienced far longer by the time it reaches the moment of light which has reached our observations? Probably not, but its a thought.
There is no magma ocean on Io, atmosphere on Trappist-whatever, liquid water on Europa, microbial life on Mars, *canals* on Mars, jungle on Venus, anything we've been ever hyped up about anywhere, it seems sometimes.
The Man who sold the moon,,brilliant series of stories,,a step further out,,,i thought we would have a 2001 station by now,,no gravity health problems ...they knew in 69 already,,pity about politics,,,
@FraserCain, for the algo, since it needs 7 words, what does "altso" mean? And what is a "mere?" I look into a mirror, not a mere. Do you watch horror movies, or "whore" movies? Do you know of people who live in rural areas, or do you mistakenly think the areas they live in are "rule?" There is no 't' in also, and words with repeating 'r's need to be spoken correctly. Please and thank you. That's my arse-whole comment for today.
ruclips.net/video/R8zBKf9o85c/видео.html&lc=UgzqJNJGW1uVOuHrlTt4AaABAg.ACOoTHOIPjPACOrRPk_rn4 also bessos 5the blue origin guy is getting married this wek.
![I.N "HALLUCINATION" | [Stray Kids : SKZ-PLAYER]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/n5B5q1Hwt_U/mqdefault.jpg)
18:54 That picture of the Milky Way from ISS, with the atmospheric glow... it's even more beautiful when you know what kind of problem-solving it took to take it. That's one of the reasons I never miss this channel.
How does jwst know the surface of trappist 1b is young? It cant actually image the surface to see craters or whatnot
I know, right? We can't even do that for dwarf planets in our own system without a fly-by probe.
i read it before, i think he misinterpreted/miscommunicated, basically they tested a bunch of models and one of the models (of a "younger /magmatic rock surface with a kinda of atmosphere" could fit the data better than dark old surface with no atmosphere
not that JWST actually saw how the surface looked like
Endless speculation embraced as truth. Humans know nothing. May God give you personal revelation this Christmas. Seek and you will find
@@totalermist Maybe interferometer telescopes will help with that.
@@thearpox7873or maybe a smell-o-scope
Thanks for all the news, Fraser! 😊
Merry Christmas!
Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
Love those ISS long exposures. Hope we can get to see more and more and much more of them still.
I'd imagine that your supermassive black hole deciding to roll over and fire it's jets into the main disk of your galaxy would make for a very bad few millions of years for quite a few star systems.
It did a dutch oven on its own galaxy
The galaxy Kurt Cobained
Just how Brainwashed do you have to be to make a Statement like you just did !
*A Black Hole where Nothing can escape its Gravity Firing out Jets of matter !*
Is that some form of Liberal Logic ?
Could you imagine being a race with an understanding of space that gets to watch the jet turning your way year after year after year and...oh dear. @.o;
another great space update thank you for such enriching knowledge as always
The fact that there isn't the equivalent of the Mars rover wandering around the moon having been doing experiments for the past 10 years really annoys me.
The main issue I would imagine is the long night and the lunar dust. You basically need to commit to a nuclear powered rover (and we have a limited budget of rtg fuel) and after that you need to make it survive the lunar dust. It's way more abrasive than anything on Mars and it tends to get stuck to everything. If those tiny glass like shards get into stuff on the rover it's likely going to have a bad time.
Idk how long it would last though
I totally agree. I find it odd that those problems have been known about since man first stepped foot on the moon but seems only now they are working on ways to combat the problems. I feel this should have been well thought out by now.
Thanks Fraser. Have a great weekend!
thanks for the great science news have fun over the Holidays
Well done Don Peddit. Looking forward to many more images from the ISS ❤
Luvvin the metaphor of digestion and napping
Would the explanation for massive black hole so early in the universe be answerable by the fact things were just a lot closer together back then? So the black hole would find it easier to gobble up mass?
Good video. Happy Holidays.
What a great science channel. So much crap now on RUclips it is great to find someone doing it right.
Great Episode! Thank you!
Don Peddit, huh. Well done!
Wow crazy how many stars we don't see from earth because all lf the reflecting energy.
I love when we get to see real photos vers renders.
Things you can say neutrally about stars that are super dark when you say them about people: "they're only 2.7 years old, there hasn't been time for them to be torn apart yet."
Nice clouds of M. pictures !
Fraser, I couldn't help thinking that your many descriptions of black holes in this episode made them sound like dogs: feeding, napping, rolling over, etc. 😅
Yo!!! my friend works on that new lander!
Thanks, subbed!
I can’t get Science out of my head 🤯🔭
A concept which I have just become aware of and find rather confusing, I would love to hear your take on Gravastars.
Don Pettit is the best! I, too, hope he leaves that equipment up there for future missions to use. Hopefully NASA will find a way to use his engineering skills to create a permanent tracking camera on the ISS.
I had no idea the ISS rotated. That picture is awesome
...it rotates around Earth...
@@Saalome84Blue Orbits?
Thanks
Question: Would it have made much difference if the asteroid that hit 66 million years ago, had been a similar size, or mass comet instead?
What do you think about the idea of black hole stars in the early universe? i.e.- hypothetical giant stars that may have formed in the early universe with black holes as cores instead of our standard modern star cores. I seem to recall that was one hypothesis proposed to explain at least some supermassive black holes forming so quickly.
Looks like they also installed a service ring on the Nancy Roman telescope, cool.
That rover should be named Tenacious R. Cause its going on a road trip. Just make sure it has enough wiper fluid.
If it turns out Trappist-1b does have an atmosphere that will certainly bode well for the other planets.👍👍🤞🤞
It could be a dense CO2 atmosphere like Venus.
@@MarioP9511 Could be, but the idea of the innermost planet having any atmosphere at all would be an indication that the other planets should as well.
@@ARWest-bp4yb
"the innermost planet having any atmosphere at all would be an indication that the other planets should as well."
*Bullschitt !*
Hey Fraser, I was intrigued by a black hole's spin being affected by an external interaction. Does this mean that matter inside the event horizon can feel the presence of a large external mass? Or is the "spin" a feature of the event horizon itself? Would somehow changing the movement of matter inside the event horizon "communicate" that change to the black hole's spin?
Is there a stabile orbit formula where everything that will approach the black hole's event horizon will be eaten, and everything that stays outside will persist? I an thinking of the point where the dividing line for moos where they either approach the roche limit or they move away from their planet?
Rocket pooling?
Is there going to be a separate lane for that?
What I want to know is how did astronomers determine Trappist-1b's surface looks "young." In the Solar System this is usually done by counting craters, but as far as I know not even the James Webb has the resolution to directly image any surface features of a terrestrial exoplanet. All "direct-image" pictures of exoplanets taken are no more that three or four pixels, and it's usually only Jupiter-sized planets that can be imaged that way with current technology. So I'd be very curious to learn the method by which they could get the kind of data that says "a terrestrial exoplanet dozens of light-years away seems to have very few if any craters."
What is the update on the rover curiosity’s wheels?
i heard a theory on an episode of star talk that the supermassive black holes were made from the earliest stars, which also contained dark matter, from theoretical physicist Katherine Freese
Hello Fraser this is Hernan Lucas from Buenos Aires Argentina, I have a question for you. you know they always talk about the age of the universe and my question to you so if you can try to explain is the following.. how you can tell the age of the universe is 13.5 let’s say billion years because when you see with your telescope to one size of the solar system through the galaxy, you can watch fairly almost 13,000,000,000 years and when you see to the other side of the solar system, you can watch also the same amount? We are just by a miracle in the middle of the universe.? thank you love the program. Keep making videos my best wishes for this holidays. Regards.
Just wait a month or two and the All Knowing Main Stream Scientific Community that told you about The Ridiculous Big Bang, Dirty Snowball Comets, Black Holes, Dark Energy, Dark Matter and any other Bullschitt (all to support their Big Bang theory) they will next be telling you that the Universe is 25 or 50 Billions Years old (when they have No Clue just like every other Lie that they come out with !)
The spiral galaxies detected at the edge of JWST's range indicate the big bang model is simply not true.
Question: How do we know what the surface of the planets of Trappist-1 looks like?
You mentioned, that a team concluded, that Trapoist-1b might have an atmosphere because of the surface features.
He either misread, or didn't read, the paper. The surface youth and the presence of an atmosphere had nothing to do with each other.
Space weathering darkens and reddens the surface. Comparing the eclipse depth of the planet in two infrared bands, the paper suggests that the planet's spectrum is most consistent with an airless world with ultramafic rock. The slope of the spectrum (though, just two JWST MIRI bands) is inconsistent with a heavily weathered world, and more consistent with a fresh surface.
The part of the paper that dealt with the atmosphere was an alternative, but less likely, explanation for the JWST data -- namely that rather than seeing CO2 bands in absorption (which we don't see), CO2 bands are actually in emission. This would require a thermal inversion in the upper atmosphere caused by a haze layer. But to be clear there is no evidence for a haze layer at this time. The authors of the paper suggested this was the less likely explanation for the JWST data.
Cain linked the two explanations in his video, but the paper is clear that they're separate. Read it here:
arxiv.org/abs/2412.11627
@@ThomasTarrants Thanks for the detailed answer.
Great answer thank you for clearing that up.
9:34 0.1% can’t be right, it’s really much less still: around 0.001 %
Mass estimates for the Milky Way vary wildly, roughly between 0.2 and 1.5 trillion solar masses. Sag. A*’s mass is known more precisely at around 4.3 million solar masses. Even near the lower range of estimates for the Milky Way mass, the difference is in the order of a factor of 0.1 million. Which equals 0.001 %
That’s the average. Andromeda has a more massive one
@ Ah! Thanks for the reply. Thought you meant the Milky Way in specific.
I want to see a rock concert on the moon.
Notice the corporate names on the sides of Tenacious.....images for future use in sales presentations to large corporations.
We need a new moon song, I'm thinking something tragic " lander lumps are left behind" 😅
Can't even land on the moon. (Let's go to Mars then.)
I really dont understand how you can see the surface of an exoplanet... unless this is a single pixel
6:35 Inter-Planetary Scientists = *Math-a-Magicians !*
How can they tell that the planet isn’t covered in craters.
i don't know, but my guess is, that if you make a plot with the total amount of light the planet reflects at us on y-axis, and the angle of the line between the planet and its start (the angle between that and the line between us and the planet). And that plotted curve's shape can tell you about the smoothness of the surface. There's an shape of that curve in case of a perfect sphere, and any irregularities of the surface will cause distortions of that shapes. (and especially when expecting specific irregularities like craters, then you can figure out specific distortions of the curve)... as some light that wouldn't be reflected at us by a perfect sphere at some given moment may still get reflected at us by the irregularities, and vice versa for light that would have been reflected at us by was reflected away by them..
Show us The Milky Way!
Hold on man you said the surface looks young? that means we got an image of the surface of trappist b??????? how?????????????????
2:23 I can show you 10 different ways that deployment will go badly lol
It's a Slavic word and jezero pronunciation is YEH-zeh-roh
No slavs on mars
@deltalima6703 🫣😆
@azteccroatia1496 no, it's pronounced "jezero"
19:04 someone send this to “space/moon landing is fake because no stars in pics” crowd
2778 steps to climb 500 meters if you want to simulate to climb out of Jezero crater. Go go go, you can do it!!
Algorithm Appeasing Alliteration!
Jesus Christ. It robo-translated the audio to German. *shudders*
Na das könnte doch schlimmer sein ...
Are we in denial about just how much science we can truly pluck from our current technological limitations where it concerns exoplanet specifics? I really admire the tenacity with which scientists are eking out information from the observations, but I worry that we may simply be interpreting things incorrectly, or more simply that the information required to make some findings simply isn't present to the degree that is actually required.
I mean, I'm thrilled just to be living during a time when we can be all but certain that these distant worlds exist - but teasing out atmospheric or surface details - it seems a stretch.
Having said all this, we simply CAN'T reach these worlds, at least not within our lifetimes, so if there's a modicum of info we can glean, then let's hold those findings as tentatively as any other findings at science's cutting edge and be prepared to be possibly proven incorrect on some fronts in the decades ahead.
Can we call it tenacious D?!
😊
Dear Fraser, I have a question for you!
I was discussing with ChatGPT about surviving on Titan with minimal protection. It mentioned the risks of asphyxiation, extreme cold, and hydrocarbon poisoning. With Antarctic gear (added of extra layers) and a positive pressure breathing apparatus, it said survival for a few hours might be possible. I found that incredible! Is this really feasible?
Thank you for this channel!
maybe that binary star has been torn apart and that's why it's a binary star.
9:45 perhaps these very big black holes is pieces of the singularity from the big bang that didn't bang properly, but just flew out in one piece?
Could explain why why they have been here from early time
Are there any new theories and or technique's to prove what the INTERIOR of a black hole is about and is there a possible "exit" once an object enters the black hole. Thank you. Great content!
A small but important correction. "Hypotheses" are scientist's ideas, educated guesses, etc. that have no yet been backed up by 3σ evidence, observations, experiments' results, etc. "Theories" were hypotheses for which independently verifiable evidence, etc. to at least a 3σ confidence, have withstood challenges over a period of time. Einstein's Special and General Theories of Relativity are examples.
Trappist 1e intelligent life announcement in Jan 2025, can't wait!
Not really
😁, happens or not, fun thought
Question. Maybe the reason Ingenuity crashed is related to why all the drunk robots fall over on the moon. Silly drunk robots.
Mars against drunk driving
That explains why the astronauts tripped on the moon too
❤
NGC 5084 = Galactic Armageddon The other Galaxy is being invaded by the pissed off survivors of NGC 5084's demise ! 🤔
I dont know man, using 1960’s-70’s technology that had that less advanced than even a 90’s cell phone we somehow got all these missions done, and yet now in 2024 they still can’t figure out how to get these landings done successfully!, its pretty bizarre when you think about it!
Not really. The recent crashes were commercial landers that have much smaller budgets and fewer resources than the government-built and run missions of the ‘60s and ‘70s. The rationale behind moving towards commercialization was that it would reduce costs in the long run. However, it was also understood that it’s a risky approach and that there would be a lot of failures, at least initially.
We’re in the early stages of commercialization for lunar exploration so it’s still too early to tell if commercialization will be a success. However, considering how many failures SpaceX had during their early days but now they have the most frequently-used launch vehicle, the Falcon 9, I think there’s a good chance that commercialization for lunar exploration will succeed in the long-run.
Seems like Black Holes may actually BIRTH galaxies, instead of consuming them?
It might not have an atmosphere but the beer is great
I assume that blackholes from the very early universe are just the initial expanding matter and energy that hasn't yet expanded enough to not be a black hole.
Considering that if you look at the matter/space concentration of the early universe it'd look like a massive black hole inside of which there are many black holes inside of which there are many black holes.
Trips to the moon and mars will be only for the oligarchs, no matter what musk fantasizes. 😂
Super Black Holes rapid growth: could it be that in an early universe when all the mass was closer together, time was relatively slower compared to how it runs in a more expanded universe. As a result we percieve that the SBH was only 800m years old...but it has experienced far longer by the time it reaches the moment of light which has reached our observations?
Probably not, but its a thought.
There is no magma ocean on Io, atmosphere on Trappist-whatever, liquid water on Europa, microbial life on Mars, *canals* on Mars, jungle on Venus, anything we've been ever hyped up about anywhere, it seems sometimes.
There is a magma ocean in Io, just as there is here on earth. It sits under the crust.☝️🙅
The Man who sold the moon,,brilliant series of stories,,a step further out,,,i thought we would have a 2001 station by now,,no gravity health problems ...they knew in 69 already,,pity about politics,,,
Thoughts on kurzgesagt?
So many dodgy animations and artists representations and straight up baloney. I cant trust any video from this channel.
@FraserCain, for the algo, since it needs 7 words, what does "altso" mean? And what is a "mere?" I look into a mirror, not a mere. Do you watch horror movies, or "whore" movies? Do you know of people who live in rural areas, or do you mistakenly think the areas they live in are "rule?" There is no 't' in also, and words with repeating 'r's need to be spoken correctly. Please and thank you. That's my arse-whole comment for today.
I wonder if you’d make the same comment to a person with an Irish accent or an Australian accent, correcting them to sound more American?
Chris Impey Conference Room: 'center ..../ wroblyki vs Yamamoto, kersh
ruclips.net/video/R8zBKf9o85c/видео.html&lc=UgzqJNJGW1uVOuHrlTt4AaABAg.ACOoTHOIPjPACOrRPk_rn4 also bessos 5the blue origin guy is getting married this wek.