in germany we had between 2 and 10 to per ha without irrigation in 2020, in normal years we have between 5 and 11to per ha. in 2003 (best year) we had between 8 and 13 to per ha.
Interestingly, Marc Bonfils reported yields as high as 15 tonnes per hectare (actually, 150 quintals per hectare - same thing), with very minimal inputs, using his winter wheat plan. His methods aren't conducive to broadacre mechanical cultivation, but can be done manually on small plots of a size suitable for families or even small community size populations if efforts and labor schedules can be properly coordinated. His method is generally as follows: Into an established cover crop of white clover, sparsely sow wheat on or slightly before the summer solstice. "Sparsely" means on a 0.6-0.8 meter grid. Banatka is the variety commonly used, but there may be other old long straw landraces which are suitable. The shortening day length after the solstice will only allow vegetative growth, but no tillering will take place. However, extensive and deep roots will form (2-3 meters depth has been reported: if a plow pan exists which would prevent such deep penetration, I suspect it might be necessary to rip the plot to permit some initial penetration of the pan). The wheat overwinters. In the spring, the extensive root mass contributes to vigorous growth and early maturity. Production is anecdotally usually in the thousands-fold range, with large seed heads, multiple seed heads per tiller and in the range of 30-50 tillers per plant under good conditions. Tillers are usually quite robust (as thick as a wooden pencil - say, 5-6mm) and resistant to lodging. The following season's seed is interplanted at the appropriate time. The straw is used as mulch if it isn't needed for another purpose (thatch, cordage, baskets, etc.). Top seeding of the white clover may be needed, depending on the severity of winters and the amount of snow cover. No rotation is done, but a deep soil profile is quickly built by the successive generations of wheat roots. Yields are reputed to improve over the first few years as the organic matter in the soil increases. Since the soil is never open, erosional losses will be minimal. Shattered grain is usually cleaned up by running poultry through the field after the harvest, to prevent volunteers crowding the planted crop which would lead to decreased yield. Manual "weeding" after germination would be possible for small plots. Harvesting is usually done with a sickle or scythe, field dried in "stooks" or under cover, followed by hand or drum threshing of the wheat from the stalks. I have a notion that a stripper/gatherer at the right moisture content could possibly be adapted to minimize the amount of straw being threshed. A slightly more mechanized version might give the Bonfils method broader appeal. However, I haven't yet tried the Bonfils method myself, though I intend to do so this year. Perhaps by next fall I'll have some results to report for wheat. I'd be curious to try Sangaste rye, as well, since it is reportedly well suited to fall sowing. If you are at all interested in the Bonfils approach, I recommend searching on Google for more information, and straight from the horse's mouth (so to speak - Bonfils died under mysterious circumstances in 2011 or 2012). Most available information is in French, though a bit can be found in English, as well. My schoolboy French is sufficient to comprehend the basics, but a native speaker would do better, I'm sure. There are a couple of videos on YT in French and Italian showing results.
Congratulations !!! If only u come to Morocco to see because of severe drought this year in most of regions of the country the production is 0 per hectare 🐒 Best regards to Mr Watson .
Eric could you please mention the wheat seed which you used again ?
He used KWS Kerrin.
Neeraj used this seed or not ??
I think you Indian
in germany we had between 2 and 10 to per ha without irrigation in 2020, in normal years we have between 5 and 11to per ha.
in 2003 (best year) we had between 8 and 13 to per ha.
Interestingly, Marc Bonfils reported yields as high as 15 tonnes per hectare (actually, 150 quintals per hectare - same thing), with very minimal inputs, using his winter wheat plan. His methods aren't conducive to broadacre mechanical cultivation, but can be done manually on small plots of a size suitable for families or even small community size populations if efforts and labor schedules can be properly coordinated.
His method is generally as follows: Into an established cover crop of white clover, sparsely sow wheat on or slightly before the summer solstice. "Sparsely" means on a 0.6-0.8 meter grid. Banatka is the variety commonly used, but there may be other old long straw landraces which are suitable. The shortening day length after the solstice will only allow vegetative growth, but no tillering will take place. However, extensive and deep roots will form (2-3 meters depth has been reported: if a plow pan exists which would prevent such deep penetration, I suspect it might be necessary to rip the plot to permit some initial penetration of the pan). The wheat overwinters. In the spring, the extensive root mass contributes to vigorous growth and early maturity. Production is anecdotally usually in the thousands-fold range, with large seed heads, multiple seed heads per tiller and in the range of 30-50 tillers per plant under good conditions. Tillers are usually quite robust (as thick as a wooden pencil - say, 5-6mm) and resistant to lodging. The following season's seed is interplanted at the appropriate time. The straw is used as mulch if it isn't needed for another purpose (thatch, cordage, baskets, etc.). Top seeding of the white clover may be needed, depending on the severity of winters and the amount of snow cover. No rotation is done, but a deep soil profile is quickly built by the successive generations of wheat roots. Yields are reputed to improve over the first few years as the organic matter in the soil increases. Since the soil is never open, erosional losses will be minimal. Shattered grain is usually cleaned up by running poultry through the field after the harvest, to prevent volunteers crowding the planted crop which would lead to decreased yield. Manual "weeding" after germination would be possible for small plots.
Harvesting is usually done with a sickle or scythe, field dried in "stooks" or under cover, followed by hand or drum threshing of the wheat from the stalks. I have a notion that a stripper/gatherer at the right moisture content could possibly be adapted to minimize the amount of straw being threshed. A slightly more mechanized version might give the Bonfils method broader appeal. However, I haven't yet tried the Bonfils method myself, though I intend to do so this year. Perhaps by next fall I'll have some results to report for wheat. I'd be curious to try Sangaste rye, as well, since it is reportedly well suited to fall sowing.
If you are at all interested in the Bonfils approach, I recommend searching on Google for more information, and straight from the horse's mouth (so to speak - Bonfils died under mysterious circumstances in 2011 or 2012). Most available information is in French, though a bit can be found in English, as well. My schoolboy French is sufficient to comprehend the basics, but a native speaker would do better, I'm sure. There are a couple of videos on YT in French and Italian showing results.
Congratulations !!!
If only u come to Morocco to see because of severe drought this year in most of regions of the country the production is 0 per hectare 🐒
Best regards to Mr Watson .