2:17 For the benefit of anyone who might not know, high pressure tests, Including testing of lab equipment at thousands of psi, is _routinely_ done by filling the equipment using water rather than a gas, as water has an extremely low compressibility for a fluid. Thus, when failure occurs, only a small amount of water is released before the pressure drops back down to atmospheric. For stainless steel lab equipment, the amount of fluid released during failure is tiny. The reason the aircraft tire responded so energetically on failure, and so much water was released, was because of the mechanical energy stored in the rubber tire itself as it expanded under internal pressure prior to failure. If that same tire had been filled with gas when it failed, the force of the explosion would have been catastrophic.
The steel tank testing with water can be seen for example in SpaceX's latest fuel tank test for their superheavy "starship" spacecraft. Only a very tiny amount of water is seen escaping as a weld fails and then nothing more happens.
When I first saw the clip, I had assumed they did the test in a pool of water to dampen the violent release, it didn't occur to me that they might have been using water inside!
Yo i know that is a joke but in a way you are saying its a bad airline. But hear me out, its really not. I found it to be good for the price of the tickets. Its comfy for around 3 hour flights and the flight attendants are nice and the food is good. It is not so bad as people picture it to be!
@@valentinascerri6492 no they are really terrible not only if you are flying with them as a passenger but more so if you work for them. They really earn there bad reputation. but the point is they know but it's part of there business model. Strip everything you can down to only the mandatory cost. and if you want anything extra make people pay for it. O' Leary has him self admitted openly that if people want the cheapest of the cheap they can get cheap. that is all they aim at. you want to travel for just 50 euro from the Netherlands to Spain sure.
That’s for a 747. They differ from jet to jet. I work on KC-135 which uses split rim tires and if one were to blowout it’s not good lol. That’s why we check tires on every inspection after every flight, before every flight etc. Same with the brakes
in a way that could be seen as a compliment. That would mean that they fly up to 150 to 200 flights a day. that is quite a feat how ever you look at it.
Thanks Joe. Really enjoy the info. FYI to all: The Fusable Plug is located in the rim (or wheel, or wheel rim), not the tire (Tyre). The reason you see all the black "smoke" when it blows (@5:31) is because the nitrogen exits the wheel (through the open plug) onto the brakes, which have a lot of brake dust on them. Also, the reason large aircraft have rims with holes or slots is to get more cooling air to the brakes, and also to lighten the wheel - every pound (kg) saved on a plane becomes a revenue pound (kg).
Both free Nitrogen and Oxygen are found in pairs (e.g. N2 & O2) and not as individual atom's. Nitrogen (N2), although not a true "Inert gas" like Helium or any of the other Noble gases, is rather non-reactive with most materials (e.g. many metals and rubber compounds found in tires and wheels) unless heated to hundreds of degrees more than the temperature that Oxygen (O2) would start to react. This is due to strength of each of Nitrogen's 3 valence electrons bonding to the other Nitrogen atom's 3 valence electrons. Oxygen only has 2 valence electrons bonding with the other Oxygen atom of the O2 pair). This requires less energy to break the bonds of O2 and create individual atom's of Oxygen which can then react quickly with other materials. Using pure Nitrogen instead of compressed atmospheric gases insures that no water (H2O) is present. Water, when heated or cooled during the normal and emergency operating temperature range of a transport aircraft (< -50°F to > +300°F) will not perform like that of an Ideal gas (PV=nRT). This could cause tire pressures that are over or under the designed or expected pressures during landings, taxing, and takeoffs. Pure Oxygen gas (O2) will also perform similar to the Ideal Gas Law, like nitrogen. BUT Oxygen is more reactive with some of the tire and wheel materials than is Nitrogen, possibly resulting in long term corrosion or deterioration. And Oxygen will aid combustion in case if a fire (especially when a tire rupture occurs under elevated tire pressures - aborted take off, emergency braking, etc). Bottom line, you need to use a single, low reactive, readily available gas instead of using compressed atmospheric gases. And Nitrogen would be a better choice than Oxygen. With regards to using Helium, it would be an excellent gas in terms of not reacting with any materials, or aiding combustion, BUT Helium does not form a molecule of any kind (nor do any other of the Noble Gases). As a single, small atom not paired up like O2 or N2 gases, Helium is much smaller than a molecule of O2 or N2. This means that materials that might be impervious to O2 or N2 molecules could allow Helium to pass through. This effect is seen with 'rubber' balloons not rated for Helium. If they are filled with Helium they will not stay inflated very long. Hope this helps.
Hi Joe, I have a suggestion for a next video: how often do pilot find something thanks to visual inspection before starting the plane? Did you already spot a tire issue for example on a plane you were about to use?
That would be interesting, once i was on flight and it delayed for about 2 hours while they were changing tires while we were on board, or something like that i dont remeber
Hi Joe I’m not in anyway connected to the airline industry, I find your videos so interesting and informative we ( the public) take For granted all the many disciplines of air travel and you explain in wonderful detail of the what why and where of so many aspects, thank you.
This is especially true with racing tires used in NASCAR, Indycar, IMSA Formula 1, etc. due to the extreme heat generated under repetitive hard braking and high speed cornering.
Amazing! I had the experience last January on a Lufthansa flight from Panama, that the captain had to announce a change of tire, meanwhile we were all waiting inside, it took about 1:30 hours to complete and depart. But it was great knowing that in a few hours the A340 would be landing in Frankfurt safe and sound. Also following your videos and from your other colleges @flywithcaptainjoe it made me feel safe and that every procedure was safely made in regards with pre flight or airport ops
I think you should do a video on re-treading aircraft tires. I have spent a couple decades commuting on the interstate in the US and have not only seen bits and pieces of re-tread truck tires all over the road but I have also witnessed a few explode right in front of me. When I hear the phrase “re-tread” in the aviation industry the images from my commutes immediately pop in to my head. I have a fair amount of confidence that the aviation industry has much higher standards and strict regulations for re-tread tires but seeing an in-depth video on this will help to allay my concerns. I have already witnessed commercial truck re-treading first-hand at a shop near me so I’m somewhat familiar with the process...which creates my concern regarding aviation tire re-treading.
It is fantastic how Cpt. Joe make his videos so detailed. This is why not only me but so many others consider Cpt Joe the best airplane channel on RUclips. This video is very interesting and very complete from the way the tires are made to the end of the tire life. Keep doing that great videos Cpt. Joe.
@@osamaal-humaimidi1481 Yeah. I get caught up that way too. It's as much of a help as a hindrance. I use two different phones for posting. One with check turned on and the other with it off, and I swear that neither one is less cumbersome to manage typing than the other.
Excellent explanation, just a detail. Main and Nose tires are NOT the same size in all 747 explained. In 747-100/200/300/400 yes, all tires are the same, but not on the series -8, where the main gear tires are just a bit larger that the nose, that is why by just look at it, is hard to see the difference, but in fact the are not interchangeable. The reason for larger tires is because the size and weight of the plane is bigger and not extra tires where added. As an info, during first flight tests on B747-8, was detected that those small changes on tire size and even main gear design in combination with an longer after fuselage section, caused vibration on the tail zone due to aerodynamic flows at low speed. The solution that Boeing found to that issue was change the position of the body gears door when open, staying closer to the tires, as well they limit the Flap down travel too.
My grandfather worked for Boeing back in the mid to late 1960's when they were developing the 747. I remember him telling me about the plugs in the wheel and how they had to ensure its proper safe operation. They calculated the temperature rise that would occur in a maximum braking situation: high speed, heavily loaded, dry runway etc. The plug had to remain intact under the most severe conditions but should pop out just before the tire bursts. A bursting tire causes severe collateral damage and should be avoided if at all possible. Looking back, I wish I would have asked him a lot more questions about his experiences while developing the 747.
Fun fact: the tires of Bixiʼs bicycle (public bicycle sharing system serving Montréal, Québec) are also filled with nitrogen gas, to “maintain proper pressure for longer”.
It all depends. I’ve flown aircraft where the tyres will last months of 8 landings per day. I’ve also flown types (with cross ply tyres) that will last four to five weeks. And then you have the re-tread limits. If you wish to retread there is a more conservative wear limit.
Excellent presentation and accurate information. I was a landing gear engineer for a major airline. You may be interested in my comments to another airline captain's RUclips. He commented on rotating the wheels and tire prior to landing: I was a landing gear engineer with a major airline for 33 years and the tires were one of my responsibilities. Seeing the 2,617 comments below remind me of the MANY times I answered the same question. One of the major points you didn't mention is that the wheels spinning at touchdown speed with the tires out of balance would shake the airplane apart. With eighteen tires spinning on a 747 one can imagine the shaking that would occur and the passenger's reaction. Actually, B.F. Goodrich ran an exhaustive test on this problem a number of years ago and discontinued the test because of the vibration it set up. Everyone believes that adding little flaps on the wheels or tires would solve the rotation problem but there is no way to control the speed of each tire so there would be no real benefit. In addition, not only spinning the tires but the brakes would also have to be spun up which would require considerable power. The brakes are designed to absorb the enormous energy of a rejected takeoff and not easily rotated. Nitrogen is used to prevent the tires from exploding. We once had all four tires explode on a 727 after the pilot taxied the airplane up and down the runway trying to burn off the fog. The tires at that time were filled with air (80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen). The brakes became so hot with all the taxiing that the tire solvents mixed with the 20% oxygen and became hot enough to explode. We all converted to filing the tires with nitrogen after that. As an added note, when the Concorde was designed, they considered using nitrogen in the tires just to save weight. The gyroscopic effect of spinning tires would also adversely affect trying to control the airplane during a critical time of landing. Your video brought some interesting points from a pilot's perspective. I just thought I would add a few points from an engineering point of view and experience
Not trying to be mean or kill your vibe. But 99% percent of the time "nitrogen" from shops and dealerships is just a cash grab. They just use regular atmosphere air. (Coming from someone that has worked at 2 dealerships and 2 shops in the last 8 years) some places are legit but its rare.
Captain Joe, do you ever make sure your cargo is secured properly within the plane? How is the cargo secured within the plane? It’s my understanding that sudden shifting of the load, especially if it’s tens of thousands of pounds/kilograms, can be catastrophic and bring the plane down. What comes to mind is that video on RUclips of a military plane going down suddenly after take of, I think, because the cargo wasn’t secured properly or failed and suddenly shifted all the way to the back of the plane. I used to be a Flatbed truck driver in the US, and it was my sole responsibility to make sure my loads were secured properly with the appropriate amount of straps, chains, and or binders. I usually had anywhere up to 48,000 lbs (21.773 kg) on my trailer, but some heavy haul guys can have more than 100,000 lbs (45.359 kg) on their trailers with their gross weight being more than 200,000 lbs (90.718 kg) (!!!). If I didn’t secure my stuff properly, not only did I risk my own life but also those around me on the road. There’s been instances when steel beams or aluminium suicide coils went straight through the cab killing the truck driver after suddenly braking relatively hard, all because the driver didn’t secure his load properly. I’m currently working towards becoming an airline pilot, and I may try out being a cargo plane pilot like yourself one day, so I’d be interested in knowing how the cargo is secured in your planes. I’d be worried and full anxiety if I didn’t see for myself that my load in my plane wasn’t secured properly. If possible, I’d go to the back of the plane and use my skills as a former Flatbed truck driver to analyze the securement of the load and add some chains and straps when need be, lol.
The last time I heard the term "Fusible plug" was for the firebox of a steam locomotive. If the water level in the boiler got too low, and the water didn't cover the firebox, the heat from the fire could melt the firebox. These plugs would melt first, reducing the damage, and (hopefully) preventing a steam explosion through the firebox. Might also blow out the fire.
Thank you for this video. My husband used to work for a tire company. They used to work on the rims and the tires etc. for planes. So it’s interesting to hear some of these facts that you’re talking about. And I know he will be interested in hearing this video, and your upcoming video. Thanks again. When will the new video be out?
@@TheLeesmack *oh* so *that's why* you elected a global warming sceptic and misogynist to be president of the US? *everything makes sense now* Keep calculating with football fields bro, go on, *FREE COUNTRY MY DUDE* /s
I had to click on this video.... the punishment landing-gear can endure on planes during landing, especially big planes is astonishing. Watching commercial airliners coming in during a crosswind, sideways, touching down and bouncing one way and then the other before settling down makes me wince every single time. I love how engineers just 'make things work' and most would never know to care or consider
I've jacked a few smaller aircraft, DC-7's. If you are lucky, you have a hydraulic mule/power source to pump the jacks. If not, manually for a long time. As you go, level is maintained and the jack points checked to be sure no side stress crops up.
Didn't know you can land 150 times on the same tires. Didn't know about the safety overheat valve. Nice educational video. Why don't we learn about this in high school. Seems more interesting than learning about the Magna Carta and stuff.
Nitrogen is nearly identical in temperature sensitivity to Air (and many other compressed gases). The Reason Nitrogen is used is because it is super dry compared to air from a shop compressor. It's much easier to just say nitrogen only then say dry air only which is harder to monitor/test.
Used to r&o aircraft wheels/ tires Each wheel that came in got new tires after so many landings we did an overhaul. We would stamp the bolts also, 7 stamps and we would throw out and replace. All bolts went through NDT testing. Only overhauled wheels were NDT tested. I also painted the wheels and brakes.
Greetings Captain Joe. I had the pleasure of transporting many Cargolux flight crews from and to SeaTac airport in Seattle, USA. My previous airport shuttle company had a contract with Cargolux.
How often do they have to change the shocks/struts? Some of those Ryanair landings looked hard enough to burst both sets of main gear struts at the same time.
Nice job Captain Joe,Your videos are very educational especially to someone like me who wish to be like you one time.You motivate me so much and every time I think of you I feel like a pilot.Be blessed
Modern cars are also equipped with the tires that are not prone to deformations in a case of deflation. Those are called Runflat, and allow to drive for another 80 kilometers at the speed up to 80 km/h even with a puncture.
Layman thoughtl: why not have a system on the landing gear that takes the speed of the aircraft into account and then electrically spins up the wheels to match that speed as closely as possible? On touch down, the wheel is already almost at the right speed so the initial shock should be much lower. Probably something that makes this impractical, or the gains too small.
Spinning tires cause Gyroscopic effect and affects the aircraft handling. The same reason why the brakes are applied as soon as the aircraft is airborne, otherwise the plane won't respond correctly. Air Force Crew Chief with 24 years experience.
a cool number to be told would also be the Thickness of the tread and sidewall. but maybe that is just me since I worked in a factory which made tires, lol. many people would be worried if they knew just how little rubber there is in a tread.
He made a vid about tattoos and long sleeves were touched a bit about covering them up. Its a professional look, and inspires confidence to your passengers that you will be safely taken to your destination.
@@411Adidas But he only explains tattoos have to remain covered and long sleeves will be needed in order to do so. But my question is why all year around short sleeve shirts are the common thing with pilots. Just comfort or there is some rule for it
The temperature inside airplanes and airports is controlled, so there probably isn't any need for long sleeves. And don't forget that they have a long-sleeve jacket as part of their uniform as well :)
It's great to have all theses data. But... please... could you use the metric system? Imperial units are used by less than 10% of the global population... And made no sense for the remaining 90%
@@ibis8566 I don't mind knots, as it's indeed a specific aerospace/nautical units. But lbs, psi, etc. are very annoying. And they are not aerospace/nautical related. Captain Joe made the effort for the inch/cm and the psi/bar at some point. It would have be nice to do it for all the other units.
One thing he forgot to mention about the benefits of nitrogen over air in tires, is air expands & contracts with things like altitude and humidity, where as nitrogen does not. Can't inflate your tires with air at sea level, and then climb to 60,000 feet and not expect them to explode.
As a kid I would often see tires vaporizing as other kids, who did not buy their own tires, would "patch out." I guess that planes "patch in." As my English grandmother would have said, "Disgraceful wastefulness. " In both cases the tire speed does not match the ground speed. Car wheels spin faster than the ground is passing beneath the car. On the other hand, plane wheels are still when they hit the ground which is passing beneath the plane at 150 MPH. I have long wondered why we do not spin up the plane's wheels to match the ground speed once the landing gear have been lowered and prior to hitting the tarmac. Some volutes on the sides of the wheels could accomplish this, in some measure if not fully.
I just read the cost of the 747-8i tire is $9,200 for a single tire. But it said typically all airlines lease tires from the tire manufacturers. Tires are owned by the tire manufacturers and the airline companies pay price per landing basis. For this lease, all maintenance is also taken care of by the tire manufacturers.
3:43 “...and can be rethreaded up to seven times”. Er.... “retreaded” !! A native German or French speaker might pronounce “th” as “d” or “t” respectively, but i’ve not heard of the _opposite_ problem!!
You know I have Zero plans on being a pilot. But I am a huge nerd with a wide range of subjects I am interested in. I was not all that interested in the details of air travel. You my friend have changed this. Thanks for the well presented information. Keep it coming! Also for long lasting balloon sculptors professional balloon artists, like myself, use pure nitrogen as well. :)
I'm not a pilot and probably wont get my own private jet in this lifetime 😐 but I love watching your videos! 🙂 So much knowledge in them! I also love everything about aviation. From Pakistan! Once our PIA was no.1 in the world!
Fun fact. Our gravity wagons we use to move grain on the farm come new equipped with 747 tires that are no longer fit for an airplane. They last a long time at 15 mph. Only thing, we had to replace one and it was $250. Wonder what they cost new. Still, a good way to get the most use out of these tires
A lot of the big rigs running in the unlimited diesel truck classes use aircraft tyres , as do some streamliners running at Bonneville and other dry lakes.
I commented on that as well. Worries me he actually flies planes. With a brain like that. Probably his parents locked him in the house & made him do his homework before he ate.
28" for a car tyre isn't uncommon, for example if run 17s with a 235/55 tyre your overall diameter is going to be around 26". So a couple inches off but not much.
I would like to praise all the effort your go through to find just the right clip of various events to show us a lot more than mere words could get across. Love the safety plug blow out shot-- but you didn't mention the glowing-red-hot brakes! Yeoow!
Film like the one where the fuseplugs release are typically from certification flight testing -- a maximum-energy braking test in this case. It's a given that the fuseplugs will release (required in order to pass that portion of the test, in fact), so everyone is ready for it.
@@dh2266 you are right and I am wrong. The car from the video has a 225/40/18 tire size as default, and the total high of the tire is then 25.06 inches. Note to self: don't doubt Captain Joe
@@FrozenHaxor but the person you responded to IS correct. The "18" in a tire size reflects the wheel diameter, CJ was referring to the overall diameter. I can only image everyone running around on 28" wheels, that'd look super silly...
I like how he’s always smiling, this gives me faith that I’m gonna become like him one day
Meettooo
There must be something in this mindfulness stuff
"the life of the tires depends on how smoothly the pilot lands the plane..."
Ryanairpilots: "heavy breathing intensifies"
Francis Kioyo Extra charges for rough landings 😂
I’m flying on Michelin’s baby!
😂😂😂
Somone is reading UK propoganda....
@@dailysandwich4838 who you're tlaking about?
After a lot of landings they must be really tired
God dammit.... just take my like.
Same
I'm giving you a like. It's your Dad joke of the day award, a like.
I've seen what you've done there...🤣🤣
What a great joke 😂😂😂 !!
I always thought those tires were tiny
They are small relative to the size of the aircraft. A Cessna 172 tire is less than half the diameter of most normal car tires if that
@@DAN007thefoxx1 And what pressure is used in a c172 tire?
@@Mark-rt6fy I assume its a relatively high pressure for the small size. But most airplanes weigh less than similarly sized cars.
@@DAN007thefoxx1 I just google'd a bit after posting here. Looks like those tires are inflated to 31 psi, pretty comparable to normal car tires then
F15 tires are inflated to 315psi! The mains, not sure about the nosewheel.
2:17 For the benefit of anyone who might not know, high pressure tests, Including testing of lab equipment at thousands of psi, is _routinely_ done by filling the equipment using water rather than a gas, as water has an extremely low compressibility for a fluid. Thus, when failure occurs, only a small amount of water is released before the pressure drops back down to atmospheric. For stainless steel lab equipment, the amount of fluid released during failure is tiny. The reason the aircraft tire responded so energetically on failure, and so much water was released, was because of the mechanical energy stored in the rubber tire itself as it expanded under internal pressure prior to failure. If that same tire had been filled with gas when it failed, the force of the explosion would have been catastrophic.
The steel tank testing with water can be seen for example in SpaceX's latest fuel tank test for their superheavy "starship" spacecraft. Only a very tiny amount of water is seen escaping as a weld fails and then nothing more happens.
I would not have guessed that reasoning without someone explaining it...
Thank you!
Did not know that! Very cool
When I first saw the clip, I had assumed they did the test in a pool of water to dampen the violent release, it didn't occur to me that they might have been using water inside!
Same reason hydraulics are generally considered safer than pneumatics, especially at higher loads.
3:33 The answer.
Thank you for saving me 7 mins of my life
Thanks for posting the comment I was looking for.
even more accurate 150-200
Good bless you buddy
This is all I cared about. Thank you
Tires work until they get tired :D
Music Good Nice
Music Good love it😂
@@flywithcaptainjoe thanks, I love your videos 😀 😘
Music Good I see what you did there!
Unless they retire and dont work anymore :D
1:30 so the 747 is the world's largest 18 wheeler :D
Ryanair must have a scrapyard of their tires
NA they were held together with bubble gum and sticky tape and O' Leary eat all the sticky tape he mistook it for bubble gum lol
Yo i know that is a joke but in a way you are saying its a bad airline. But hear me out, its really not. I found it to be good for the price of the tickets. Its comfy for around 3 hour flights and the flight attendants are nice and the food is good. It is not so bad as people picture it to be!
vale it’s a meme I have no hate towards the airline
Lol
@@valentinascerri6492 no they are really terrible not only if you are flying with them as a passenger but more so if you work for them. They really earn there bad reputation. but the point is they know but it's part of there business model.
Strip everything you can down to only the mandatory cost. and if you want anything extra make people pay for it. O' Leary has him self admitted openly that if people want the cheapest of the cheap they can get cheap. that is all they aim at. you want to travel for just 50 euro from the Netherlands to Spain sure.
Ngl it’s comforting to know that tires can still perform if needed under circumstance of a blowout
That’s for a 747. They differ from jet to jet. I work on KC-135 which uses split rim tires and if one were to blowout it’s not good lol. That’s why we check tires on every inspection after every flight, before every flight etc. Same with the brakes
Ryanair must need to change their wheels every day
Still better than Pegasus. They need a new plane every day...
in a way that could be seen as a compliment. That would mean that they fly up to 150 to 200 flights a day. that is quite a feat how ever you look at it.
Just flew with Ryanair yesterday... Landings were good🤷🏼
@@paulroling1781 that's so rude but true
yeah lol
I didn't look for this video, but found it fascinating. Thanks!
Thanks Joe. Really enjoy the info.
FYI to all:
The Fusable Plug is located in the rim (or wheel, or wheel rim), not the tire (Tyre). The reason you see all the black "smoke" when it blows (@5:31) is because the nitrogen exits the wheel (through the open plug) onto the brakes, which have a lot of brake dust on them.
Also, the reason large aircraft have rims with holes or slots is to get more cooling air to the brakes, and also to lighten the wheel - every pound (kg) saved on a plane becomes a revenue pound (kg).
Any explanations about the choice to use nitrogen ...
Can't helium be used instead for the same purpose ?
Both free Nitrogen and Oxygen are found in pairs (e.g. N2 & O2) and not as individual atom's. Nitrogen (N2), although not a true "Inert gas" like Helium or any of the other Noble gases, is rather non-reactive with most materials (e.g. many metals and rubber compounds found in tires and wheels) unless heated to hundreds of degrees more than the temperature that Oxygen (O2) would start to react. This is due to strength of each of Nitrogen's 3 valence electrons bonding to the other Nitrogen atom's 3 valence electrons. Oxygen only has 2 valence electrons bonding with the other Oxygen atom of the O2 pair). This requires less energy to break the bonds of O2 and create individual atom's of Oxygen which can then react quickly with other materials.
Using pure Nitrogen instead of compressed atmospheric gases insures that no water (H2O) is present. Water, when heated or cooled during the normal and emergency operating temperature range of a transport aircraft (< -50°F to > +300°F) will not perform like that of an Ideal gas (PV=nRT). This could cause tire pressures that are over or under the designed or expected pressures during landings, taxing, and takeoffs.
Pure Oxygen gas (O2) will also perform similar to the Ideal Gas Law, like nitrogen. BUT Oxygen is more reactive with some of the tire and wheel materials than is Nitrogen, possibly resulting in long term corrosion or deterioration. And Oxygen will aid combustion in case if a fire (especially when a tire rupture occurs under elevated tire pressures - aborted take off, emergency braking, etc).
Bottom line, you need to use a single, low reactive, readily available gas instead of using compressed atmospheric gases. And Nitrogen would be a better choice than Oxygen.
With regards to using Helium, it would be an excellent gas in terms of not reacting with any materials, or aiding combustion, BUT Helium does not form a molecule of any kind (nor do any other of the Noble Gases). As a single, small atom not paired up like O2 or N2 gases, Helium is much smaller than a molecule of O2 or N2. This means that materials that might be impervious to O2 or N2 molecules could allow Helium to pass through. This effect is seen with 'rubber' balloons not rated for Helium. If they are filled with Helium they will not stay inflated very long.
Hope this helps.
@@andrewjohn7782
Not quite sure explaining thoses tires remains porous like stands kind an help !!!
Whatsoever it is .
Hi Joe, I have a suggestion for a next video: how often do pilot find something thanks to visual inspection before starting the plane? Did you already spot a tire issue for example on a plane you were about to use?
Looking forward to the video on how an aircraft tire is replaced. As always another great video captain!
an* aircraft
That would be interesting, once i was on flight and it delayed for about 2 hours while they were changing tires while we were on board, or something like that i dont remeber
@@stfuplsok An *Aeroplane :D
Hi Joe I’m not in anyway connected to the airline industry, I find your videos so interesting and informative we ( the public) take For granted all the many disciplines of air travel and you explain in wonderful detail of the what why and where of so many aspects, thank you.
Car tires can and often are filled with Nitrogen, for exactly the same reasons you mentioned.
Interesting. Never knew that!
This is especially true with racing tires used in NASCAR, Indycar, IMSA Formula 1, etc. due to the extreme heat generated under repetitive hard braking and high speed cornering.
Can confirm my tyres are also, currently filled with nitrogen as that's what Costco use in the UK.
it's an option at a lot of auto shops as well. As far as I can tell, it seems to leak a bit less, so you don't need to top up quite as often.
@@elephant35e Car tires filled with N2 have usually a green cap on the valve
I never get tired of Joe's videos. Love them......................
Amazing! I had the experience last January on a Lufthansa flight from Panama, that the captain had to announce a change of tire, meanwhile we were all waiting inside, it took about 1:30 hours to complete and depart. But it was great knowing that in a few hours the A340 would be landing in Frankfurt safe and sound. Also following your videos and from your other colleges @flywithcaptainjoe it made me feel safe and that every procedure was safely made in regards with pre flight or airport ops
And again a superb video with interesting facts about airplaine tires. Tnx!
Fascinating seven minutes, never thought I’d be look forward to a tyre video so much!
I think you should do a video on re-treading aircraft tires. I have spent a couple decades commuting on the interstate in the US and have not only seen bits and pieces of re-tread truck tires all over the road but I have also witnessed a few explode right in front of me. When I hear the phrase “re-tread” in the aviation industry the images from my commutes immediately pop in to my head. I have a fair amount of confidence that the aviation industry has much higher standards and strict regulations for re-tread tires but seeing an in-depth video on this will help to allay my concerns. I have already witnessed commercial truck re-treading first-hand at a shop near me so I’m somewhat familiar with the process...which creates my concern regarding aviation tire re-treading.
Ryanair: You mean tires are supposed to be reused after 1 landing?
Interesting, I've been flying since 1982 and just learned more than I ever knew about aircraft tires.
chopper pilot? :-)
Fusible plugs! Not many bits of an aeroplane where I can say "We have those on Steam locomotives too"
Acetylene bottles have them too, to prevent explosions.
It is fantastic how Cpt. Joe make his videos so detailed. This is why not only me but so many others consider Cpt Joe the best airplane channel on RUclips.
This video is very interesting and very complete from the way the tires are made to the end of the tire life.
Keep doing that great videos Cpt. Joe.
The vertical threads are designed that way to prevent aqua-planing , it helps water pass through them in wet takeoffs and landings
Treads.
@@joewoodchuck3824 omg I hate the auto correct feature. Thanks for the correction 🙏
@@osamaal-humaimidi1481 Yeah. I get caught up that way too. It's as much of a help as a hindrance.
I use two different phones for posting. One with check turned on and the other with it off, and I swear that neither one is less cumbersome to manage typing than the other.
Excellent explanation, just a detail.
Main and Nose tires are NOT the same size in all 747 explained. In 747-100/200/300/400 yes, all tires are the same, but not on the series -8, where the main gear tires are just a bit larger that the nose, that is why by just look at it, is hard to see the difference, but in fact the are not interchangeable.
The reason for larger tires is because the size and weight of the plane is bigger and not extra tires where added.
As an info, during first flight tests on B747-8, was detected that those small changes on tire size and even main gear design in combination with an longer after fuselage section, caused vibration on the tail zone due to aerodynamic flows at low speed. The solution that Boeing found to that issue was change the position of the body gears door when open, staying closer to the tires, as well they limit the Flap down travel too.
My grandfather worked for Boeing back in the mid to late 1960's when they were developing the 747. I remember him telling me about the plugs in the wheel and how they had to ensure its proper safe operation. They calculated the temperature rise that would occur in a maximum braking situation: high speed, heavily loaded, dry runway etc. The plug had to remain intact under the most severe conditions but should pop out just before the tire bursts. A bursting tire causes severe collateral damage and should be avoided if at all possible.
Looking back, I wish I would have asked him a lot more questions about his experiences while developing the 747.
0:28....Stop laughing man 😂😂
My dad would laugh all the time. I do it now. Watch Ina Garten, very much like that.
Fun fact: the tires of Bixiʼs bicycle (public bicycle sharing system serving Montréal, Québec) are also filled with nitrogen gas, to “maintain proper pressure for longer”.
Lots of different tires in the last decade have been getting factory filled with nitrogen 😊
It all depends. I’ve flown aircraft where the tyres will last months of 8 landings per day. I’ve also flown types (with cross ply tyres) that will last four to five weeks. And then you have the re-tread limits. If you wish to retread there is a more conservative wear limit.
Excellent presentation and accurate information. I was a landing gear engineer for a major airline. You may be interested in my comments to another airline captain's RUclips. He commented on rotating the wheels and tire prior to landing:
I was a landing gear engineer with a major airline for 33 years and the tires were one of my responsibilities. Seeing the 2,617 comments below remind me of the MANY times I answered the same question. One of the major points you didn't mention is that the wheels spinning at touchdown speed with the tires out of balance would shake the airplane apart. With eighteen tires spinning on a 747 one can imagine the shaking that would occur and the passenger's reaction. Actually, B.F. Goodrich ran an exhaustive test on this problem a number of years ago and discontinued the test because of the vibration it set up. Everyone believes that adding little flaps on the wheels or tires would solve the rotation problem but there is no way to control the speed of each tire so there would be no real benefit. In addition, not only spinning the tires but the brakes would also have to be spun up which would require considerable power. The brakes are designed to absorb the enormous energy of a rejected takeoff and not easily rotated. Nitrogen is used to prevent the tires from exploding. We once had all four tires explode on a 727 after the pilot taxied the airplane up and down the runway trying to burn off the fog. The tires at that time were filled with air (80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen). The brakes became so hot with all the taxiing that the tire solvents mixed with the 20% oxygen and became hot enough to explode. We all converted to filing the tires with nitrogen after that. As an added note, when the Concorde was designed, they considered using nitrogen in the tires just to save weight. The gyroscopic effect of spinning tires would also adversely affect trying to control the airplane during a critical time of landing. Your video brought some interesting points from a pilot's perspective. I just thought I would add a few points from an engineering point of view and experience
Great comment, thank you for giving us the perspective of an engineer!
Very interesting
Thank you for answering a question I've been asking for years "Why aren't the wheels spun up tp speed before landing?" Now, I know. Thanks again.
Really enjoy your videos .. thank you for sharing them.
I always have my car tyres filled with Nitrogen, in case I have to make a hard emergency landing... Well I do drive a Saab, so... 😏
At least you don't drive a BMW, or otherwise you would have to surround the car with tyres in a attempt to protect other motorists
In the US we call them Snaab
@John Drohan not funny and I usually enjoy Muslim jokes
ha ha because their ads sued to allways had planes in theme
Not trying to be mean or kill your vibe. But 99% percent of the time "nitrogen" from shops and dealerships is just a cash grab. They just use regular atmosphere air. (Coming from someone that has worked at 2 dealerships and 2 shops in the last 8 years) some places are legit but its rare.
Captain Joe, do you ever make sure your cargo is secured properly within the plane? How is the cargo secured within the plane? It’s my understanding that sudden shifting of the load, especially if it’s tens of thousands of pounds/kilograms, can be catastrophic and bring the plane down. What comes to mind is that video on RUclips of a military plane going down suddenly after take of, I think, because the cargo wasn’t secured properly or failed and suddenly shifted all the way to the back of the plane.
I used to be a Flatbed truck driver in the US, and it was my sole responsibility to make sure my loads were secured properly with the appropriate amount of straps, chains, and or binders. I usually had anywhere up to 48,000 lbs (21.773 kg) on my trailer, but some heavy haul guys can have more than 100,000 lbs (45.359 kg) on their trailers with their gross weight being more than 200,000 lbs (90.718 kg) (!!!). If I didn’t secure my stuff properly, not only did I risk my own life but also those around me on the road. There’s been instances when steel beams or aluminium suicide coils went straight through the cab killing the truck driver after suddenly braking relatively hard, all because the driver didn’t secure his load properly.
I’m currently working towards becoming an airline pilot, and I may try out being a cargo plane pilot like yourself one day, so I’d be interested in knowing how the cargo is secured in your planes. I’d be worried and full anxiety if I didn’t see for myself that my load in my plane wasn’t secured properly. If possible, I’d go to the back of the plane and use my skills as a former Flatbed truck driver to analyze the securement of the load and add some chains and straps when need be, lol.
How much is an all around(×18) tire change on these beasts?
Certainly more than I could earn in a year or perhaps two
$2100 each for 747 tires. $37800 total.
20 quid,give or take
@@RS-ls7mm plus whoever you have to pay to do it. I doubt 747 servicing comes cheap.
1 of your kidneys.
The last time I heard the term "Fusible plug" was for the firebox of a steam locomotive. If the water level in the boiler got too low, and the water didn't cover the firebox, the heat from the fire could melt the firebox. These plugs would melt first, reducing the damage, and (hopefully) preventing a steam explosion through the firebox. Might also blow out the fire.
I love your videos❤✈
The comparison from a plane part and an every-day item he makes at the beggining makes you want to see the vid till the end.
One we make mega jumbo jets the size of cruiseships, we must start to consider:
*How many tires can a landing withstand?*
Thank you for this video. My husband used to work for a tire company. They used to work on the rims and the tires etc. for planes. So it’s interesting to hear some of these facts that you’re talking about. And I know he will be interested in hearing this video, and your upcoming video. Thanks again. When will the new video be out?
where is my conversion to kilograms?
*I DEMAND METRIC*
2.2 pounds in a kilogram or for a ballpark figure just double or half the value.
Learn math!
@@ralphmagro learn geometry!
@@naumen6508 when u win a world war twice then u can do whatever you want
@@TheLeesmack *oh* so *that's why* you elected a global warming sceptic and misogynist to be president of the US?
*everything makes sense now*
Keep calculating with football fields bro, go on, *FREE COUNTRY MY DUDE* /s
I had to click on this video.... the punishment landing-gear can endure on planes during landing, especially big planes is astonishing. Watching commercial airliners coming in during a crosswind, sideways, touching down and bouncing one way and then the other before settling down makes me wince every single time. I love how engineers just 'make things work' and most would never know to care or consider
Like to see how to jack up the wing to test the landing gear.
I've jacked a few smaller aircraft, DC-7's. If you are lucky, you have a hydraulic mule/power source to pump the jacks. If not, manually for a long time. As you go, level is maintained and the jack points checked to be sure no side stress crops up.
@@davidnewcomb2700 I've used pnuematic Jack's for And Md-88. Works pretty good for working in the middle of nowhere
Didn't know you can land 150 times on the same tires. Didn't know about the safety overheat valve. Nice educational video. Why don't we learn about this in high school. Seems more interesting than learning about the Magna Carta and stuff.
Nitrogen is nearly identical in temperature sensitivity to Air (and many other compressed gases). The Reason Nitrogen is used is because it is super dry compared to air from a shop compressor. It's much easier to just say nitrogen only then say dry air only which is harder to monitor/test.
Used to r&o aircraft wheels/ tires
Each wheel that came in got new tires after so many landings we did an overhaul. We would stamp the bolts also, 7 stamps and we would throw out and replace. All bolts went through NDT testing. Only overhauled wheels were NDT tested. I also painted the wheels and brakes.
Captain joe could become a great maths teacher i wonder if he was my maths teacher 😍
Yes he was.
Greetings Captain Joe. I had the pleasure of transporting many Cargolux flight crews from and to SeaTac airport in Seattle, USA. My previous airport shuttle company had a contract with Cargolux.
I think Ryanair tyres can only withstand 2 to 3 landings...
How often do they have to change the shocks/struts? Some of those Ryanair landings looked hard enough to burst both sets of main gear struts at the same time.
@@crazyfroggie6546 they spend all their money on struts instead of passenger comfort 😂
R Bousfield wtf airplanes have suspension too? Why don’t they just use fucking air suspension instead of springs and struts
Ryanair we make people die cuz we got no tires when landing
Any landing you walk away from is a good one. If you can use the plane again, it was outstanding.
Awesome information! Thank you!
Remember when Joe made that heavily sponsored shaving video??? HAHAHAHAHA those were the times!
Haha, that was the last sponsored video!
@@flywithcaptainjoe the link to it please
Please, I need to see this video Joe!
Nice job Captain Joe,Your videos are very educational especially to someone like me who wish to be like you one time.You motivate me so much and every time I think of you I feel like a pilot.Be blessed
Thank you for using metrics as well :)
Modern cars are also equipped with the tires that are not prone to deformations in a case of deflation. Those are called Runflat, and allow to drive for another 80 kilometers at the speed up to 80 km/h even with a puncture.
Layman thoughtl: why not have a system on the landing gear that takes the speed of the aircraft into account and then electrically spins up the wheels to match that speed as closely as possible? On touch down, the wheel is already almost at the right speed so the initial shock should be much lower. Probably something that makes this impractical, or the gains too small.
I just wrotte the same thing!great minds think alike!!
Spinning tires cause Gyroscopic effect and affects the aircraft handling. The same reason why the brakes are applied as soon as the aircraft is airborne, otherwise the plane won't respond correctly. Air Force Crew Chief with 24 years experience.
Watch Mentourpilot's "Why not make plane-tires spin, before landing?!". He pretty much destroys the idea fact by fact.
@@upnorthviking823 so much for your great mind
Bahahahaha! 🥣
- Air Force Crew Chief with 15 years experience.
Causes oscillating during landing.
Another great video Joe, safe flying sir,
Too many landings🤘👨✈️😎
a cool number to be told would also be the Thickness of the tread and sidewall. but maybe that is just me since I worked in a factory which made tires, lol. many people would be worried if they knew just how little rubber there is in a tread.
Another good video, Capt. Thanks!😎
Great video, Captain Joe! Cheers!
whats with pilots uniform? could you make a video about it?
Also, do any pilots wear long sleeves shirts? i only see short sleeves hahaha
He made a vid about tattoos and long sleeves were touched a bit about covering them up.
Its a professional look, and inspires confidence to your passengers that you will be safely taken to your destination.
@@411Adidas But he only explains tattoos have to remain covered and long sleeves will be needed in order to do so. But my question is why all year around short sleeve shirts are the common thing with pilots. Just comfort or there is some rule for it
I thought about that as well. Most pilots are seen with short sleeves.
The temperature inside airplanes and airports is controlled, so there probably isn't any need for long sleeves. And don't forget that they have a long-sleeve jacket as part of their uniform as well :)
captain joe is the best!
I'm like top 10 I guess!?
Someone give him a biscuit or two!
Thanks Capt. Joe.
I'm 13 and want to become a pilot. What are the best steps to take to get there?
It's great to have all theses data. But... please... could you use the metric system?
Imperial units are used by less than 10% of the global population... And made no sense for the remaining 90%
It's what the aviation world uses, sadly. So pilots and aerospace/nautical engineers are trained to use it.
@@ibis8566 Except for flights in russia or china
@Hallison Michel Damn. How rude.
@@ibis8566
I don't mind knots, as it's indeed a specific aerospace/nautical units.
But lbs, psi, etc. are very annoying. And they are not aerospace/nautical related.
Captain Joe made the effort for the inch/cm and the psi/bar at some point.
It would have be nice to do it for all the other units.
Love the opening with Kennedy Steve.
I love your videos and aviation facts, and I even watch your aviation facts every single day.
Thanks for video God bless you and your family thanks
Do airplanes require a wheel alignment as usually done in road transport vehicles?
One thing he forgot to mention about the benefits of nitrogen over air in tires, is air expands & contracts with things like altitude and humidity, where as nitrogen does not.
Can't inflate your tires with air at sea level, and then climb to 60,000 feet and not expect them to explode.
Joe plz make a video exploring the equipments in the 747 cockpit😃
As a kid I would often see tires vaporizing as other kids, who did not buy their own tires, would "patch out." I guess that planes "patch in." As my English grandmother would have said, "Disgraceful wastefulness. "
In both cases the tire speed does not match the ground speed. Car wheels spin faster than the ground is passing beneath the car. On the other hand, plane wheels are still when they hit the ground which is passing beneath the plane at 150 MPH. I have long wondered why we do not spin up the plane's wheels to match the ground speed once the landing gear have been lowered and prior to hitting the tarmac. Some volutes on the sides of the wheels could accomplish this, in some measure if not fully.
I just read the cost of the 747-8i tire is $9,200 for a single tire. But it said typically all airlines lease tires from the tire manufacturers. Tires are owned by the tire manufacturers and the airline companies pay price per landing basis. For this lease, all maintenance is also taken care of by the tire manufacturers.
This is so educational... thank you sir!👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽
Had plenty of crews stepping to the jet that were not happy when they saw cords showing on the tires even though it was within limits.
3:43 “...and can be rethreaded up to seven times”. Er.... “retreaded” !!
A native German or French speaker might pronounce “th” as “d” or “t” respectively, but i’ve not heard of the _opposite_ problem!!
Mycel “Don’t Thread on Me”!
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Gadsden_flag.svg
(And actually, you’re right about the aspirated “h”)
You know I have Zero plans on being a pilot. But I am a huge nerd with a wide range of subjects I am interested in. I was not all that interested in the details of air travel. You my friend have changed this. Thanks for the well presented information. Keep it coming!
Also for long lasting balloon sculptors professional balloon artists, like myself, use pure nitrogen as well. :)
About to put a set of these bad boys on my Corolla.
I'm not a pilot and probably wont get my own private jet in this lifetime 😐 but I love watching your videos! 🙂 So much knowledge in them! I also love everything about aviation.
From Pakistan!
Once our PIA was no.1 in the world!
Fun fact. Our gravity wagons we use to move grain on the farm come new equipped with 747 tires that are no longer fit for an airplane. They last a long time at 15 mph. Only thing, we had to replace one and it was $250. Wonder what they cost new. Still, a good way to get the most use out of these tires
tks Captain Joe...safe flight always
Thanks Captain Joe
Fascinating!!!
28" on a standard car.... :D:D:D:D:D:D::D priceless :D
What's priceless about that? It's a fact.
RandomHeroGames I’ve been working with tires for years. I’ve never seen a 28 inch on tires, the biggest I’ve seen is 23 lol
@@sloth_guy3691 Your name really suits you.
He meant the entire size of the tire, NOT the rim size. Little slow bud.
RandomHeroGames I too meant tire. I’ve seen 28s on LTs, lol. But not “ standard “ on cars. Lol, nice try.
RandomHeroGames I literally said on tires, too. So I think you may be the slow one.
Tires are quite durable, though I once had a tire blowout when landing a Cessna 172. It was an interesting experience .
A lot of the big rigs running in the unlimited diesel truck classes use aircraft tyres , as do some streamliners running at Bonneville and other dry lakes.
28" on a car? that's bigger than my mtb wheels.. ^^
I commented on that as well.
Worries me he actually flies planes. With a brain like that.
Probably his parents locked him in the house & made him do his homework before he ate.
28" for a car tyre isn't uncommon, for example if run 17s with a 235/55 tyre your overall diameter is going to be around 26". So a couple inches off but not much.
@@chris77777777ify its with the sidewall aswell dumb dumb 😂
I drive a stock '15 subaru forester... it has 28" tires. It isn't uncommon
I know he meant 18
I can remember getting a slurry tanker with 2nd hand aircraft tyres on it. It did say the maximum speed at landing on the tyre
I used to wear custom designed Oxford shoes with soles made from used airplane tires. The soles lasted indefinitely.
Here in Italy the landing gear on our aircraft have all-weather tires.
Dago thru mud
Dago thru slop
But when dago flat
Dago WOP! WOP! WOP!
Pls make a video on factors effecting on the performance of the aircraft
Who else thought the thumbnail was a guy doing a wheelie on a big motorcycle?? 🤔🤔
I would like to praise all the effort your go through to find just the right clip of various events to show us a lot more than mere words could get across. Love the safety plug blow out shot-- but you didn't mention the glowing-red-hot brakes! Yeoow!
Film like the one where the fuseplugs release are typically from certification flight testing -- a maximum-energy braking test in this case. It's a given that the fuseplugs will release (required in order to pass that portion of the test, in fact), so everyone is ready for it.
Very interesting. Amazing piece of engineering and a very nice video as well . Have a nice day now.
Vielen Dank für sehr interessante Infos über Flugzeugreifen.
28inch on a standard car? More like 18 I think :D
But that is for total outer diameter including the tire. 18'' is just disc itself or inner diameter of tire.
18 is the diameter of the rims, or essentially inside diameter of the tire.
@@Darkuduk No
@@dh2266 you are right and I am wrong. The car from the video has a 225/40/18 tire size as default, and the total high of the tire is then 25.06 inches.
Note to self: don't doubt Captain Joe
@@FrozenHaxor but the person you responded to IS correct. The "18" in a tire size reflects the wheel diameter, CJ was referring to the overall diameter. I can only image everyone running around on 28" wheels, that'd look super silly...
Thank you, Captain Joe!