Overview of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

Polyzois Makras, MD, PhD, Endocrinologist with the Hellenic Air Force & VA General Hospital, gives an overview of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).
LCH is a disorder that primarily affects children, but is also found in adults of all ages. People with LCH produce excess Langerhans cells or histiocytes. In people with LCH, these cells multiply excessively and build up in certain areas of the body, causing tumors known as granulomas to form. The symptoms of LCH vary from person to person, depending on the areas of the body affected. LCH may be found in many areas of the body, including but not limited to the skin and nails, mouth, bones, lymph nodes, pituitary gland, and thyroid gland. The cause of this disease is unknown, although most data suggest that it is characterized by a growth of immature Langerhans cells that appear to have genetic changes of the BRAF gene in about half the cases.
Current management of LCH includes anti-BRAF agents when a mutation is present or chemotherapy in the absence of the BRAF gene mutation. Additional strategies may be used to address patient’s symptoms.
Chapters:
LCH Overview 00:00
Current Management 2:14
Diagnosis 4:45
ENDO 2024 5:25