How do proteins, fats, and carbohydrates ultimately create energy (ATP)? In this video Dr. Mike explains glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and ketogenesis.
I really appreciate the pedagogical character of these vids. Most biochemistry videos will just go from point to point like it's obvious. Dr.Mike regularly explains and repeats every last detail and isn't trying to squeeze it all in 3min.
Nah, it`s perfect in terms of "simplification". While reading great volumes of scientific papers is often hard to synthesize or even understand basic, essential concepts. The video is just enough. For further details, we can always open the book. The important thing is to understannd the systems and the following connections. Thank you! Namaste!
i was enlightened by this as i am always confused with gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. I got it now the difference. thanks for this informative video. great help! you made it so simple yet very understandable.
I had my A&P2 final yesterday. Thank you so much Dr. Mike for your videos and support during the semester. And with all respect, "the easy on the eye" it is a bonus. 🙃
I don't have enough words to describe how amazing Dr. Mike's teachings are. As disorienting as anatomy and physiology is (especially to people like me with social science background) his teaching makes it easy and organized to digest. I can't thank you enough for what you do. May God bless you beyond measures!!
Your teaching is awesome! How much dedicated you are! Dr. Mike, you make physiology so interesting for a non medical student. Much gratitude. Lots of Love. I'm your fan.
I was eating every hour before and was sent to emergency 🚨 at 33 almost died. Now i am doing low carb, high fiber keto with intermittent fasting. From 210/140 blood pressure down to 117/77.
Love your vibe man! Thanks for sharing your knowledge. I am finding it incredibly helpful and insightful! Sending you energies of support and appreciation!
This video is an excellent presentation of metabolism. It is a guide for studying more details and to understand their part in the big picture of metabolism.
Wonderfully explained about the metabolism of Proteins, glucose, glycerol and fatty acids. Very easy to understand the Kreb cycle and pyruvate mechanism. Tks for sharing this excellent video. 👍👍👍👍👌
I better understand it when i just listened to it and not watching the video. Thanks, because this was already explained in si many videos i watched and now in a slower phase and i fully absorbed it. I have some good take away on this.
Awesome! I'm going to watch this one a few more times to let it sink in. Nailed my Cranial Nerves and Cardiac testing thanks to your other videos! Thank you!
What the 🤭!!! Where has this channel been?😂Your bloody-brilliant! Had my lecturers explained it like this id be ok😂 Thank goodness I found your channel. You've made everything crystal clear and connected the dot! Thank you!
I love your videos :D however, id love to add that we have essential fatty acids we need to obtain from the diet, because the body cant make them its self and/or not in sufficient amounts. Thanks for your videos
Training to be a Paramedic and find these vids so so helpful. Just one (maybe two) questions (maybe three). Do you have a vid where you explain exactly what ATP is? Which bit of this process going wrong leads to diabetes? and/or obesity? Thanks again
I get the idea and the function, great explanation. Anyone got a better diagram though? Like a more structured and easily understandable one? Reply if you got one.
When does body breaks muscle for ATP versus FAT¿ Also, is the glycogen coming from muscle or liver? Can you make a video on when body decides to break muscle or how it builds muscle and breaks fat?
Thank you Doctor. What you don't mention is the pathway for all this hepatic cell ATP production. Does that then get sent to tissue cells everywhere as an energy source? If so, I don't understand why you said the brain needs glucose. Doesn't it need ATP (produced from glucose)?
Hi - great video. Thanks for sharing - 4.45 min in to the video you mention and draw the big square. What do you call it? Hepatic??? Difficult to hear. Please help
I am diagnosed with a endocrine disorder. I have thyroid cancer and a swollen tumor in my throat. I also am diagnosed with a enlarged uterus and multiple fibroids. How are these illnesses related to metabolism and catabolism?
Thank you for this material! Very helpful :) So regarding ketones you are saying that w low carb diet is not good as it creates acid? But as I understand fats are essential and carbohydrates are not. And also, why then so many people feel better when switching to a ketogenic diet? Regards :)
In the anaerobic case, what is the purpose of going from pyruvate to lactic acid to ATP when I can already go from pyruvate to acetyl coA to ATP? And when I am missing glucose, why produce ketones when I could go from glycerol/amino acids to pyruvate to glucose, and run the Kreb's cycle normally?
I kinda have the same thought with you for ur second idea. For the first one, i think when the aerobic pathway does not produce sufficient energy for the intense activity that we do, the anaerobic pathway would come in the picture to help out and both pathways would be used at the same time.
@@543sam210 Looking at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cori_cycle, it seems that the anaerobic pathway actually net consumes ATP, but uses ATP preferentially from the liver rather than from muscles. This seems to shift the calculus away my original thoughts about solely maximizing ATP output. As for the second case, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenesis suggests to me that ketogenesis only ramps up on simultaneous deprivation of glucose and Krebs cycle intermediates such as oxaloacetate. What causes a shortage in Krebs cycle intermediates and the degree to which glucose and Krebs cycle intermediate shortages correlate is unclear to me.
So if weight lifting creates lactic acid (which is then used for energy), and the lactic acid builds up in the muscle being stressed, is the lactic acid being produced in the muscle or is it being produced in the liver and merely used by the muscle?
As much I remember, while weight lifting (which is an extensive exercise) the glycolysis produces two end products - pyruvate (aerobic) and lactate (anaerobic). This lactate gets stored in the muscles.
How can lipids avoid going through the liver via the lymph, doesn't this give an opportunity for toxic lipids to get into the bloodstream? Does the lymph system also filter somehow?
Careful... I would argue that lactic acid makes NADH+ (not ATP) and it is this NADH+ which can be used to make ATP. Also, your image of the mitochondria gives the impression that "hydrogen" (not a hydrogen ion (proton)) is used and the outer membrane is involved in the ATPase Pump when it is the inner membrane involved in the electron transport chain - the outer membrane is not. These are important differences. Pictures speak a thousand words... you need the correct image for the correct words.
So is a KETO diet just another way to diet to produce energy without Carbs? Does this really provide a benefit in fat loss? I am assuming the Ketones are what give the Keto diet its name.
I can tell you by experience it really does help with fat loss.. it can actually, when u are adapted well on fats save your muscles in weight because your body does not use them for create energy it instead use mostly fats.. This is also a survival strategy of your body.. If you for example do not eat 15 days... it will start saving your muscles because it is too much important and use mostly fats.. (at least when it does have any fat to use..) after like 80 % fats used body starts also using your proteins.. just for interest.. but imporant is when your body is more adapted do fat it wont use so much proteins (if any) when it does not have sugar in your diet.. If you are not adapted your body wants that sugar and do not know how to properly use that ketones.. so you actually with fats also loosing your muscles .. so I think keto is hell of a good strategy to lose some fat and be adapted on it.. But it is not for everybody.. if you have health problems there can by problem in energy or sleep .. for example - gallbladder problems or pancreas problems make it not sustainable.. Or adrenal fatigue..
Does lactic acid make our muscles hurt? If so, how, and why doesn't our body just turn it into something that doesn't hurt like pyruvate? If not, what is making them sore (after a big workout/exhertion)
The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase that converts lactic acid back to pyruvate in the liver is zinc-dependent. In a zinc-deficient state, you will not clear the lactic acid efficiently, hence the aches and the pains upon physical exertion which may explain one possibility of pain ...
@@bearpalomo6055 Yes, and since the soils are zinc deficient you may want to think of a zinc supplement. To make your stomach acid/HCL. you better have zinc to deal with every molecule of CO2 that we produce and the enzyme Carbonic anhydrase is also zinc-dependent. So Zinc has no stores and reserves like Calcium and iron and we lose 80% of our zinc daily just thru digestion. So I believe it is one of the most important minerals to supplement with along with magnesium...
![Sean Rii, Karyon, Sharzkii - Taungule [My Love] (Official Visualizer)](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/eJoMuypbSzQ/mqdefault.jpg)
I really appreciate the pedagogical character of these vids. Most biochemistry videos will just go from point to point like it's obvious. Dr.Mike regularly explains and repeats every last detail and isn't trying to squeeze it all in 3min.
pedagogical ? maybe someone has a little had too much education :p
Nah, it`s perfect in terms of "simplification". While reading great volumes of scientific papers is often hard to synthesize or even understand basic, essential concepts. The video is just enough. For further details, we can always open the book. The important thing is to understannd the systems and the following connections. Thank you! Namaste!
i was enlightened by this as i am always confused with gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. I got it now the difference. thanks for this informative video. great help! you made it so simple yet very understandable.
I had my A&P2 final yesterday. Thank you so much Dr. Mike for your videos and support during the semester. And with all respect, "the easy on the eye" it is a bonus. 🙃
Respect. I am a big fan of those videos. Complicated things made simple. Thank you.
I agree.
I don't have enough words to describe how amazing Dr. Mike's teachings are. As disorienting as anatomy and physiology is (especially to people like me with social science background) his teaching makes it easy and organized to digest. I can't thank you enough for what you do. May God bless you beyond measures!!
I really don't know what to say but thank you for this simple, very important Metabolism overview, I'm really impressed
Your teaching is awesome! How much dedicated you are! Dr. Mike, you make physiology so interesting for a non medical student. Much gratitude. Lots of Love. I'm your fan.
Better than the Khan Academy videos. Thanks for this!
Thanks Dr Mike. I appreciate your videos and how you explain these topics. You 've made getting through biochem a little easier.
I learned one thing today - I eat every four hours so I am continuously in an absorptive phase.
I was eating every hour before and was sent to emergency 🚨 at 33 almost died. Now i am doing low carb, high fiber keto with intermittent fasting. From 210/140 blood pressure down to 117/77.
Just discovered your channel and absolutely love the simplicity in your explanations! Thank you!
Love your vibe man! Thanks for sharing your knowledge. I am finding it incredibly helpful and insightful!
Sending you energies of support and appreciation!
Your teaching is awesome , it makes it easier to understand
I love these videos. He is such an excellent teacher.
Dude this just saved me...thank you so much for this video..It will now make sense when I study more into detail.
Doc, this is an awesome video. Thanks!
Finally, I found someone explaining the pathway to Ketones.... Thanks, A lot!!!!
This is so helpful to just get an overview and understanding, Thank you!
THIS IS SO HELPFUL. Thank you!
Amazing explanation! Thank you...
This video is an excellent presentation of metabolism. It is a guide for studying more details and to understand their part in the big picture of metabolism.
You are a excellent teacher..
Love your podcast
thank you Dr. mike this was very helpful
Thank you for this insightful overview, very helpful
Wonderfully explained about the metabolism of Proteins, glucose, glycerol and fatty acids. Very easy to understand the Kreb cycle and pyruvate mechanism. Tks for sharing this excellent video. 👍👍👍👍👌
I better understand it when i just listened to it and not watching the video. Thanks, because this was already explained in si many videos i watched and now in a slower phase and i fully absorbed it. I have some good take away on this.
Simply, splendid. ..!!
Sir you make every topic so easy to understand .. THANKS 🥰
This is amazing. Amazing. Thank you so much!!
Awesome! I'm going to watch this one a few more times to let it sink in. Nailed my Cranial Nerves and Cardiac testing thanks to your other videos! Thank you!
Thank you Dr Mike
A good way to learn from your videos you upload .much Thanks
Sir it really helped alot!!! Thank you so much sir
It was magnificent super doctor, thanks so much for the amazing explanation ....
Thanks sir for making such a good video, it really helped me to understand how food is metabolize in our body , and you have a nice physique.
Thankyou for the wonderful explanation, really interesting👍
Great video...
Your videos are so helpful. Thanks a lot! :)
Respect. Great explanations🙌👍
God bless you Dr.Mike. I’m gonna rock my nutrition biochem grad level yay 🙌🙌🙌🫶🙏
Wonderful. Thank you!!
you are a great teacher
It was a very useful video for me. Thank you sir
What the 🤭!!! Where has this channel been?😂Your bloody-brilliant! Had my lecturers explained it like this id be ok😂 Thank goodness I found your channel. You've made everything crystal clear and connected the dot! Thank you!
This refreshes me..👏👏👏❤❤❤
Great Video
thank you so much for teaching us
Interesting. More please
super helpful, thank your for simplifying this for me :)
Bless you Doc
Awesome!!
Interesting...tqsm sir..may allah blss uu😊🖤
it makes a lot of sense
Thanks, you are my hero teacher ❤
Sir very very useful videos
Awesome!
Greatest machine ever built ...
I love your videos :D however, id love to add that we have essential fatty acids we need to obtain from the diet, because the body cant make them its self and/or not in sufficient amounts. Thanks for your videos
❤❤❤you’re the best thank you!!!!!
wow finally got it !!! thanks
I love your videos
Training to be a Paramedic and find these vids so so helpful. Just one (maybe two) questions (maybe three). Do you have a vid where you explain exactly what ATP is? Which bit of this process going wrong leads to diabetes? and/or obesity?
Thanks again
Thank you l learned a lot and good to know this information because l am on my second week of a carnivore diet for good health.
Wow you explained like bomb 💣thanks
Made much easier to understand than high school biology covering this topic.
Easy to understand even for a non-doctor like me. Thanks so much!
Amazing
Thank a lot. This provide just enough for non medical laymen.
I want to confirm that we need only essential fatty acid, says EPA , DHA.
🤔
Yes that is right
Salute sir
You are AWESOME :) thank you thank you thank you
The best
Longest portion of small intestine is ilium not jejunum..... Rest of the video is just exceptional, connecting all scattered dots and MAKING A SENSE
I get the idea and the function, great explanation. Anyone got a better diagram though? Like a more structured and easily understandable one? Reply if you got one.
Good
When does body breaks muscle for ATP versus FAT¿ Also, is the glycogen coming from muscle or liver? Can you make a video on when body decides to break muscle or how it builds muscle and breaks fat?
Thank you Doctor. What you don't mention is the pathway for all this hepatic cell ATP production. Does that then get sent to tissue cells everywhere as an energy source? If so, I don't understand why you said the brain needs glucose. Doesn't it need ATP (produced from glucose)?
Can you make a video on Gaba and digestion
You didn't mention the essential fatty acids EPA and DHA that our bodies cannot synthesise
Thank you for this video- a higher quality microphone would aide the listener-
Thanksssss
Doc, what happened to Oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle ?
Oxaloacetate being the flame to burn fats.
The question is how does it get screwed up, and how to fix it after it gets screwed up.
Hi - great video. Thanks for sharing - 4.45 min in to the video you mention and draw the big square. What do you call it? Hepatic??? Difficult to hear.
Please help
Hepatocyte
I am diagnosed with a endocrine disorder. I have thyroid cancer and a swollen tumor in my throat. I also am diagnosed with a enlarged uterus and multiple fibroids. How are these illnesses related to metabolism and catabolism?
Thank you for this material! Very helpful :) So regarding ketones you are saying that w low carb diet is not good as it creates acid? But as I understand fats are essential and carbohydrates are not. And also, why then so many people feel better when switching to a ketogenic diet? Regards :)
What is the name of the enzyme that needs glucose available for the Krebs?
NMN OR TRU Nagen?
In the anaerobic case, what is the purpose of going from pyruvate to lactic acid to ATP when I can already go from pyruvate to acetyl coA to ATP?
And when I am missing glucose, why produce ketones when I could go from glycerol/amino acids to pyruvate to glucose, and run the Kreb's cycle normally?
I kinda have the same thought with you for ur second idea. For the first one, i think when the aerobic pathway does not produce sufficient energy for the intense activity that we do, the anaerobic pathway would come in the picture to help out and both pathways would be used at the same time.
@@543sam210 Looking at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cori_cycle, it seems that the anaerobic pathway actually net consumes ATP, but uses ATP preferentially from the liver rather than from muscles. This seems to shift the calculus away my original thoughts about solely maximizing ATP output. As for the second case, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenesis suggests to me that ketogenesis only ramps up on simultaneous deprivation of glucose and Krebs cycle intermediates such as oxaloacetate. What causes a shortage in Krebs cycle intermediates and the degree to which glucose and Krebs cycle intermediate shortages correlate is unclear to me.
So if weight lifting creates lactic acid (which is then used for energy), and the lactic acid builds up in the muscle being stressed, is the lactic acid being produced in the muscle or is it being produced in the liver and merely used by the muscle?
As much I remember, while weight lifting (which is an extensive exercise) the glycolysis produces two end products - pyruvate (aerobic) and lactate (anaerobic). This lactate gets stored in the muscles.
How can lipids avoid going through the liver via the lymph, doesn't this give an opportunity for toxic lipids to get into the bloodstream? Does the lymph system also filter somehow?
why is nobody talking about this man's bodyyyyyyy. like damnn he's fit.
👏🏽
someone get this man an eraser 😭😭😭
Intelligent and good looking
Thanks, but what about the doc?
Careful... I would argue that lactic acid makes NADH+ (not ATP) and it is this NADH+ which can be used to make ATP. Also, your image of the mitochondria gives the impression that "hydrogen" (not a hydrogen ion (proton)) is used and the outer membrane is involved in the ATPase Pump when it is the inner membrane involved in the electron transport chain - the outer membrane is not. These are important differences. Pictures speak a thousand words... you need the correct image for the correct words.
So is a KETO diet just another way to diet to produce energy without Carbs? Does this really provide a benefit in fat loss? I am assuming the Ketones are what give the Keto diet its name.
I can tell you by experience it really does help with fat loss.. it can actually, when u are adapted well on fats save your muscles in weight because your body does not use them for create energy it instead use mostly fats.. This is also a survival strategy of your body.. If you for example do not eat 15 days... it will start saving your muscles because it is too much important and use mostly fats.. (at least when it does have any fat to use..) after like 80 % fats used body starts also using your proteins.. just for interest.. but imporant is when your body is more adapted do fat it wont use so much proteins (if any) when it does not have sugar in your diet.. If you are not adapted your body wants that sugar and do not know how to properly use that ketones.. so you actually with fats also loosing your muscles .. so I think keto is hell of a good strategy to lose some fat and be adapted on it.. But it is not for everybody.. if you have health problems there can by problem in energy or sleep .. for example - gallbladder problems or pancreas problems make it not sustainable.. Or adrenal fatigue..
Does lactic acid make our muscles hurt? If so, how, and why doesn't our body just turn it into something that doesn't hurt like pyruvate? If not, what is making them sore (after a big workout/exhertion)
The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase that converts lactic acid back to pyruvate in the liver is zinc-dependent. In a zinc-deficient state, you will not clear the lactic acid efficiently, hence the aches and the pains upon physical exertion which may explain one possibility of pain ...
@@RobertSelig thank you.
@@RobertSelig Does that mean zinc or zinc containing foods are good for work out recovery?
@@bearpalomo6055 Yes, and since the soils are zinc deficient you may want to think of a zinc supplement. To make your stomach acid/HCL. you better have zinc to deal with every molecule of CO2 that we produce and the enzyme Carbonic anhydrase is also zinc-dependent. So Zinc has no stores and reserves like Calcium and iron and we lose 80% of our zinc daily just thru digestion. So I believe it is one of the most important minerals to supplement with along with magnesium...
I'm losing significant weight loss via nutrient dense foods, calorie restriction and lots and lots of water. How does H2O impact this process?
Too much water makes you pee more. Goodbye to your potassium and minerals. Not good.
// I just replace those w healthy nutrient dense foods. Easy.
Can make you lose self confidence because of bloating? 😂 Maybe not
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