God is great almas Jacob yaar haat off from 50k to 230k and still growing it's because of patience and love for God and God is love who made everything with his love ❤
4.25. When you was use the gallon to filter the GO, did you make a hole in a conical gallon piece? because the conical gallon it seems not clear. Please respons
Hi thanks for your video,I have synthesized GO but after several time of washing and centrifuge the final ph is near 3 and doesn't change anymore, how can i reach ph 6?
Thank you very much for the video! Some steps were enlightening. The final rGO was obtained in the beaker. Can I dry it in an oven to get powdered rGO?
Is there a reason you did not use vacuum filtration in combination with your membrane filtration methods? It may have significantly reduced the time required for the rinsing and filtering steps.
Muy buen resultado. No se puede simplificar oxidando el grafito y luego reduciéndolo termicamente en horno???Digo yo que unas cuantas horas de lavados etc etc podriamos ahorrar no ??. Hay muchos oxidantes fuertes que en condiciones de presiôn adecuadas pueden separar las capas de grafito y este una vez oxidado pasarlo a estufa para separar las hipoteticas capas de grapheno que al final no son ùnicas si no que llevan varias capas de grapheno....
is there a relation to the borene with tj.g e boronitride i see a similarity there in the sense that the carbon boron both having 4 bonds so they have a similar lattice and properties in their theoretical perfect lattice configurations... if that makes any sense....
If we manufacturing GO, the steps are only up to the addition NaSO3 right to make the pH is neutral. How about the steps to produce Eco-friendly GO. whether we have to remove NaNO3?
NaSO3 was typed incorrectly. NaCO3 was used. This is the chemical method. The famous Hummer method. We cannot remove NaNO3. Of course there are green methods.
@@polymerscope6881 In some papers, they are mentioned that, we can eliminating NaNO3. Because NaNO3 can release toxic gases when synthesis process. So that, I make it the Eco Friendly GO without used NaNO3. But I need more time to washing the GO after the pH is neutral.
May I ask how long did it take for the membrane filtration to finish? I am washing some graphene oxide that I made a few days ago using a method similar to yours.
@@skeptic5470 First of all, it is quite easy to apply and wash in a low pH environment. As the pH rises, the solution becomes viscous, making the filtration process difficult. Therefore, since the medium is not strongly acidic, filter paper can be used and not damaged.
I have two questions. 1. Can I use the membrane washing method right away without filtering through filter paper at 2:39? 2. It did not turn brown when refluxed like 2:00 and distilled water was added. Also, yellow gas was generated. Can you tell me the cause? Sulfuric acid used 95 percent. please answer 🙏
@@ErikPedaja-n5e it is used because of the water present in the flask and water is the medium for the reaction to happen. Here heat is also supplied while stirring so to avoid evaporation of the water it is used... Note: I might be wrong
@@polymerscope6881 I am using centrifugal mc to seperate after wash, but it’s a very time consuming process. Your process seems super easy. I need to know the chemistry behind it, could you help please?
@@polymerscope6881 yeah, how the acid is washed away? Does it just diffuse from viscous graphene to water through the filter as it comes in contact with water?
Can you please tell me what kind and what grade of graphite did you use for this experiment ? Is it synthesis graphite or natural graphite ? How purify is your graphite ? Any suggestions for finding the best graphite to make graphene ?
You can use commercial graphite of at least 98% purity. The size of the graphite is very important here. The smaller the graphite, the easier it is to separate into layers. This increases the purity of the graphene formed. The graphite average size should be a maximum of 20 microns.
I just tried it with a couple of cheap plain coffee filters stacked on top of each other. It works great! The key is don't use graphite bellow 25 microns in size to avoid the produced graphene oxide from passing through the coffee filters.
Thank you. You can use hydrazine hydrate instead of NaBH4. Add 3 grams of GO to 600 ml of distilled water and add 90 ml of 80% hydrosine hydrate to it. Mix at 95 °C for 24 hours.
Nice work interesting video but I think the Flash arc Method to produce graphene will more likely produce molded forms of graphene, which is what I am interested in. Molded graphene could make me a Trillionare.
@@polymerscope6881 molded graphene would be one layer 3 dimensional Graphene, possibly attached to nanotubes, you could use it to build advanced Super Capacitors, Computers and micro engines. Imagine an electric car engine, the size of an apple with 500 hp. Or an electric Turbo fan engine more powerful than a modern Jet engine. The sky is the limit in nano carbon engineering.
Although the graphene oxide was successfully synthesized, I found that the color did not turn into light brown following the H2O2 addition. can you suggest why?
Well, from my personal experience, to gain the bright yellow-brown color of graphene oxide, you have to add distilled H2O2 slowly after the mixture is cooled (I cooled the glass in a ice bath for sure). If you add H2O2 30% quickly like in the video and at hot temperature (~90 oC), the color will alter.
Here, H2O2 is used to stop the reduction reaction. Because there is a possibility that the reaction will continue in the washing and purification stages after this reaction.
This is synthesis rGO by this modified Hummers method. You can easily find many articles on the synthesis of rGO using sodium boron hydride in the literature.
How long did you stir the mixture at a low temperature (in an ice bath) following the KMnO4 addition before transferring to temperature 35 C? Was it until the color turned green, or was there no specific time required? And how long did you stir the mixture after adding water until the color turned brown before adding H2O2 to terminate the reaction?
You can't use it because it is not a strong base, too much NaSO3 will be consumed and it will create pollution. Approximately 4 grams of NaBH4 was used.
To obtain graphene from graphite, it is necessary to separate the graphite into layers. With oxidation, oxygen enters between the layers and the distance between the layers is opened and the oxygen is removed as a result of reduction.
@@polymerscope6881 so the purpose is purely for rapid and efficient exfoliation then . Would adding any side chains be any more or less difficult than adding it to benzine or other aromatic?
Like magic! It seems a painstaking & labourious process, but perhaps repeatable, on a good day. ;) Now then, can you actually turn around & sell this graphene for $100,000/kg? Strong demand could make for a nice little cottage industry.
Hi bro, My opinion, this processor has no centrifuge, so it's much longer time than normally process, in Taiwan I knew Angstrom already have a massive scaled up product, the customer I supposed to be Mitsubishi and Tesla. 😉
why do they call it graphene oxide? shouldn't it be dioxide or something? I mean it didn't come from oxidization, and doesn't oxidize, so why is it called an oxide?
Great question! The term graphene oxide is actually a bit of a misnomer if we focus purely on the idea of "oxidation" as a chemical process that typically involves adding oxygen to something. However, the name oxide is still used for a couple of reasons: Oxygen functional groups: While graphene itself is a pure form of carbon (a single layer of graphite), when it undergoes oxidation (usually through chemical reactions with strong oxidizers), oxygen-containing functional groups like hydroxyl (-OH), epoxide (-O), and carboxyl (-COOH) groups get attached to the graphene sheet. So, graphene oxide refers to the presence of oxygenated groups attached to the graphene structure, rather than just the addition of a single oxygen atom in the way you’d expect with, say, carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Thats what? Graphene Oxide? Everyone knows graphite is also conductive, so the testing proves nothing. Not sure i buy that any of these chemical methods work well. The reality is what percentage is possibly Graphene in that blob?
![Noob To Max With DRAGON REWORK In Blox Fruits [FULL MOVIE]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/LnBMOinoOvA/mqdefault.jpg)
God is great almas Jacob yaar haat off from 50k to 230k and still growing it's because of patience and love for God and God is love who made everything with his love ❤
Hat's off to you for the preparations and your detailed process carried out to obtain graphene. Thank you once again from Jawaharlal Bharath India 👍🙏
Thank u bro
4.25. When you was use the gallon to filter the GO, did you make a hole in a conical gallon piece? because the conical gallon it seems not clear. Please respons
Yes. Holes were drilled in the conical part in order to make a good washing.
@@polymerscope6881 what you mean is that you make holes on all sides of the cone?
to facilitate ion diffusion
Hi thanks for your video,I have synthesized GO but after several time of washing and centrifuge the final ph is near 3 and doesn't change anymore, how can i reach ph 6?
Thank you very much for the video!
Some steps were enlightening.
The final rGO was obtained in the beaker. Can I dry it in an oven to get powdered rGO?
Yes, u can dry in oven but max at 60 C. İf u have vaccum drier, u should use it.
Is there a reason you did not use vacuum filtration in combination with your membrane filtration methods? It may have significantly reduced the time required for the rinsing and filtering steps.
Since GO becomes gel-like after pH 5, it is not possible to filter and wash with vacuum filtration.
Is there any issue with MnO2 contamination from the KMnO4?
Why use a reflux assembly?
I am also why 500ml of water is supplied at this time. 2:14
Please answer.🙏
Muy buen resultado.
No se puede simplificar oxidando el grafito y luego reduciéndolo termicamente en horno???Digo yo que unas cuantas horas de lavados etc etc podriamos ahorrar no ??.
Hay muchos oxidantes fuertes que en condiciones de presiôn adecuadas pueden separar las capas de grafito y este una vez oxidado pasarlo a estufa para separar las hipoteticas capas de grapheno que al final no son ùnicas si no que llevan varias capas de grapheno....
is there a relation to the borene with tj.g e boronitride i see a similarity there in the sense that the carbon boron both having 4 bonds so they have a similar lattice and properties in their theoretical perfect lattice configurations...
if that makes any sense....
Here, sodium borohydride was used to reduce GO. You can also use hydrazine hydrate or absorbic acid instead.
Could you please provide specifics on the filter filter paper that was used ?
btw, Amazingly straight forward and great video sir.
Thank u, It is normal rough filter paper.
Is the filtration paper not going to get damaged and particles of it will fall into the rGO?
Very good.... I like it.
After the mixture is cooled that can we directly washed it using the membrane method?
It needs to be filtered and washed first because it is very acidic. When the pH is around 3-4, I recommend you to apply the filter membrane method.
Thank you 😁 quick question how much is the nabh4 you used for 500ml solution?
If we manufacturing GO, the steps are only up to the addition NaSO3 right to make the pH is neutral. How about the steps to produce Eco-friendly GO. whether we have to remove NaNO3?
NaSO3 was typed incorrectly. NaCO3 was used. This is the chemical method. The famous Hummer method. We cannot remove NaNO3. Of course there are green methods.
@@polymerscope6881 In some papers, they are mentioned that, we can eliminating NaNO3. Because NaNO3 can release toxic gases when synthesis process. So that, I make it the Eco Friendly GO without used NaNO3. But I need more time to washing the GO after the pH is neutral.
@@AlKholifwhat did you use instead?
@@communist754@communist754 I removed NaNO3, and I used NaNO3 to compare it to the manufacturing of GO. There are a lot of methods for GO-producing
May I ask how long did it take for the membrane filtration to finish? I am washing some graphene oxide that I made a few days ago using a method similar to yours.
I repeated this experiment to the T and realized the membrane filtration takes like a week if you want a PH of 6.5 to 7.
Very Very nice
THANKS
Does this GO decompose into Graphene if Pulse flased with it laser or focus sunlight ?
For Lightscribe Caps .
I've seen several articles about making graphene using these methods.
@@polymerscope6881 you mean Graphene from GO right !
Yes.
at 2:15 why the color has turned to brown when the graphite turns into GO? plz
Because oxidation reaction started. After this process, oxidized graphite has turned to black due to reduction reaction by NaBH4.
@@polymerscope6881 Thank you for answering, one last thing, can filter paper maintain its form under strong acid condition?
@@skeptic5470 First of all, it is quite easy to apply and wash in a low pH environment. As the pH rises, the solution becomes viscous, making the filtration process difficult. Therefore, since the medium is not strongly acidic, filter paper can be used and not damaged.
5.23 you showed the bottle of sodium carbonate but in subtitle it says NaSO3. What to use? Sir please reply.
Sodium Carbonate NaCO3 👍
Please what is the kind of fabric that used in membrane filtration
Thank you very much that is very useful video
Thank u. Coarse filtration paper was used.
Can the rGO obtained be used for Electrophoretic Deposition say for e.g. on CNT or Carbon Fibre Electrode?
I have two questions.
1. Can I use the membrane washing method right away without filtering through filter paper at 2:39?
2. It did not turn brown when refluxed like 2:00 and distilled water was added. Also, yellow gas was generated. Can you tell me the cause? Sulfuric acid used 95 percent.
please answer 🙏
in the oil bath, what oil to use in it. if not using reflux, is it possible? please respond.
U can use the mineral oil. Due tu temeperature reach about 100 C, u should use the reflux system.
which filter paper you used?? My filter paper get worn out due to strong acid when I try to filter it out
Coarse filtration paper was used. You can filter the solution by diluting it with distilled water.
Why is the oil bath used in the reflux assembly stage?
Please Reply
@@ErikPedaja-n5e it is used because of the water present in the flask and water is the medium for the reaction to happen. Here heat is also supplied while stirring so to avoid evaporation of the water it is used...
Note: I might be wrong
What is the name of filter paper that u have used for filteration...also can you plz share the reference research article of this process?
sir, is it same making rGO or GO with modified Hummer methode?
What was the particle size of the graphite powder (Starting material)
It was about 20 micron.
Hi, I liked the way you washed GO. Was it a Filter paper or membrane? It was so strong that you could even scrap GO from it.
it was simple, cheap and rough Filter paper
@@polymerscope6881 I am using centrifugal mc to seperate after wash, but it’s a very time consuming process. Your process seems super easy.
I need to know the chemistry behind it, could you help please?
@@arnabarnab6218 Each step is shown in detail in the video. It's pretty simple. You can write what you do not understand.
@@polymerscope6881 yeah, how the acid is washed away? Does it just diffuse from viscous graphene to water through the filter as it comes in contact with water?
By addition of 500mL of water you raised the temperature to 90C, how long did you stir at this temperature?
About 2 hours.
Can you please tell me what kind and what grade of graphite did you use for this experiment ? Is it synthesis graphite or natural graphite ? How purify is your graphite ? Any suggestions for finding the best graphite to make graphene ?
You can use commercial graphite of at least 98% purity. The size of the graphite is very important here. The smaller the graphite, the easier it is to separate into layers. This increases the purity of the graphene formed. The graphite average size should be a maximum of 20 microns.
Sir my graphene oxide is turned and is viscous and i dry after filtration on filter paper how i collect it now?
Would you make tutorial making elastic carbon conductive paint water base?
Why not later.
@@polymerscope6881 thanks a lot Sir, I hope, you will add DC resistance measurement to....
Make my day brighter.
which type of paper did you use for membrane washing?
hocam kurşun geçirmez plakayı bu rGO halini kalıba dökerek mi elde ediyoruz ?
Literatürde bu konuda örnek çalışmalar var. İyi bir kompozit hazırlayabilirseniz başarırsınız.
How can i make rgo if i have 100micron graphite powder
Which filter paper is used in these process
type is not important. You can use simple, rough and cheap filter paper.
I just tried it with a couple of cheap plain coffee filters stacked on top of each other. It works great! The key is don't use graphite bellow 25 microns in size to avoid the produced graphene oxide from passing through the coffee filters.
How much time will it take to become brown after adding KMnO4
takes about 1 hour but the reaction takes 3 hours to complete
After adding KMnO4 into the system it becomes MnO2 (brown coloured). Did you eliminate it?
Of course, it wash with acetone and distilled water.
Super! Thank you very much!
Thanks
lot of thanks for you. I didn't find NaBH4 , will please inform me by another material.
Thank you. You can use hydrazine hydrate instead of NaBH4. Add 3 grams of GO to 600 ml of distilled water and add 90 ml of 80% hydrosine hydrate to it. Mix at 95 °C for 24 hours.
Nice work interesting video but I think the Flash arc Method to produce graphene will more likely produce molded forms of graphene, which is what I am interested in.
Molded graphene could make me a Trillionare.
Thank u, I hope.
@@polymerscope6881 molded graphene would be one layer 3 dimensional Graphene, possibly attached to nanotubes, you could use it to build advanced Super Capacitors, Computers and micro engines.
Imagine an electric car engine, the size of an apple with 500 hp. Or an electric Turbo fan engine more powerful than a modern Jet engine.
The sky is the limit in nano carbon engineering.
@@carrollsanders9376 Yes you are right.
Although the graphene oxide was successfully synthesized, I found that the color did not turn into light brown following the H2O2 addition. can you suggest why?
Well, from my personal experience, to gain the bright yellow-brown color of graphene oxide, you have to add distilled H2O2 slowly after the mixture is cooled (I cooled the glass in a ice bath for sure). If you add H2O2 30% quickly like in the video and at hot temperature (~90 oC), the color will alter.
Here, H2O2 is used to stop the reduction reaction. Because there is a possibility that the reaction will continue in the washing and purification stages after this reaction.
Which reference paper or article is used
This is modified Hummer's method. U can find many paper about it in the literature.
Sir any article link for this procedure?
This is synthesis rGO by this modified Hummers method. You can easily find many articles on the synthesis of rGO using sodium boron hydride in the literature.
However, I thought the modified Hummers method uses phosphoric acid instead of NaNO3?
at 5:20 it looks like something is on fire in the reflection from the flask
How long did you stir the mixture at a low temperature (in an ice bath) following the KMnO4 addition before transferring to temperature 35 C?
Was it until the color turned green, or was there no specific time required?
And how long did you stir the mixture after adding water until the color turned brown before adding H2O2 to terminate the reaction?
30 minutes in an ice bath is sufficient. 1 hour is sufficient before adding H2O2.
@@polymerscope6881 thank you very much
may i know the journal you are using ?
U can find many paper in the literature about modified Hummers Methot.
could you please reply what was that capsule you added at 4:02 and again at 4:51
It is a magnetic bead used for stirring
what kind of paper do you use?
Rough filter paper was used.
Can i use small graphite pieces instead of graphite powder?
No you would need to shave it off into powder.
It can happen if you are going to do the oxidation reaction at least 3 times.
Why i am suddenly getting graphene recommendation at midnight 🤨
For real what did I do?
Graphene is all you need!
@@aomedina3844 s
because it's science time😂
Thank you very much for this video
cuanto sale el litro de grafeno amigo...
1 gram is 230 dollars, Bro...
Can NaOH be used instead of NaSO3? and How many grams of NaBH4 did you use?
You can't use it because it is not a strong base, too much NaSO3 will be consumed and it will create pollution. Approximately 4 grams of NaBH4 was used.
@@polymerscope6881 how long did the graphene oxide dry at what temperature in the oven in the final stage
@@elifgurcu2073 24 hours at 50 C.
@@polymerscope6881 thank youu ☺️
@@polymerscope6881 lot of thanks for you. I didn't find NaBH4 , will please inform me by another material.
I can make consuctive paint by crushing a hb pencil so what's your point
Yes but but it cannot be as conductive as this material.
@@polymerscope6881 yes I see. If you start with Ketjenblack EC-600JD that is highly consuctive can this process derive higher conductive graphene ?
Hello sir, may i know how many grams you use for Sodium Borohydride?
About 3 grams. You can also use hydrozine hydrate.
@@polymerscope6881 Thank You Bro ✨
Quelle est la vitesse de l'agitateur?
Thankyou for this video
How much time the whole procedure take
How much GO can be obtained from 5 gm of graphite?
Its about 6 gram by this method. In filtration stage some of them lost. So, yield decreases.
What kind of oil was used in Oil Bath?
silicon oil
Adakah cara lain yang lebih sederhana,tanpa bahan kimia? Ditempat saya sulit mencari bahan kimia tersebut.
What is the point of oxidation just to reduce it back?
To obtain graphene from graphite, it is necessary to separate the graphite into layers. With oxidation, oxygen enters between the layers and the distance between the layers is opened and the oxygen is removed as a result of reduction.
@@polymerscope6881 so the purpose is purely for rapid and efficient exfoliation then .
Would adding any side chains be any more or less difficult than adding it to benzine or other aromatic?
@Polymer Scope why didnt you go the route of mechanical exfoliation of the graphite?
@@polymerscope6881 Isn't this a bit theoritical how sure are we that we're that the reaction of oxygen with graphite separates the millions of layers
Like magic! It seems a painstaking & labourious process, but perhaps repeatable, on a good day. ;) Now then, can you actually turn around & sell this graphene for $100,000/kg? Strong demand could make for a nice little cottage industry.
Thank you.
What is this used for?
To increase the properties of thermal conductivity, porosity, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength.
Im a big fan of graphene - how do you do this on a massive, therefor useful scale, then tho \(°•°)\?
Hi bro,
My opinion, this processor has no centrifuge, so it's much longer time than normally process, in Taiwan I knew Angstrom already have a massive scaled up product, the customer I supposed to be Mitsubishi and Tesla. 😉
Any one have any idea of synthesis of graphene composite?
U can product the electrically conductive hydrogel composites for wearable electronics
if you get it to be flexable, u can use it to build things with.
Absulately.
@@polymerscope6881just something funny, being a smoker and seeing all this tar like stuff just makes me imagine my lungs, im gonna quit soon.
can you provide base article of this method
U can find many articles about Modified Hummers method in the literature.
@@polymerscope6881 I am Asking for base paper u referred for this synthesis
@@shalinimoorthy4842 use any paper of modified hummers method
Thank Q.
izlerken yoruldum
why do they call it graphene oxide? shouldn't it be dioxide or something? I mean it didn't come from oxidization, and doesn't oxidize, so why is it called an oxide?
Great question! The term graphene oxide is actually a bit of a misnomer if we focus purely on the idea of "oxidation" as a chemical process that typically involves adding oxygen to something. However, the name oxide is still used for a couple of reasons:
Oxygen functional groups: While graphene itself is a pure form of carbon (a single layer of graphite), when it undergoes oxidation (usually through chemical reactions with strong oxidizers), oxygen-containing functional groups like hydroxyl (-OH), epoxide (-O), and carboxyl (-COOH) groups get attached to the graphene sheet. So, graphene oxide refers to the presence of oxygenated groups attached to the graphene structure, rather than just the addition of a single oxygen atom in the way you’d expect with, say, carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Me trying to make a spider man web shooter with this at 3 am: 😮
Can you please help me ? How to do all this properly? Your insta id?
All the details are shown in this video. U can do this.
You know there is an easier less toxic way to exfoliate graphite? Chlorosulfonic acid dissolves graphite into graphene
One step process using peroxyacetic acid and sulfuric acid.
YES.
Poison i love it😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
Oxide graphene, risk of the pulman
Vvce
Nice video but wear the gloves bro loll
Thanks 👍
Magnet
It was in my food. It looked like that.😂😂😂😂😂🎉🎉🎉😮😮😮😮😮😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
Thats what? Graphene Oxide? Everyone knows graphite is also conductive, so the testing proves nothing. Not sure i buy that any of these chemical methods work well. The reality is what percentage is possibly Graphene in that blob?
Dry graphite is not conductive. At least as in the video.😉
Is always graphite 😂
Simply judging by the fact that this person has an actual lab and equipment, I’m willing to bet they know more about it than you do
💉💉💉🤫⚰️
how much Sodium Borohydride is used?