COMSOL simulation, piezoelectric ultrasonic detection of pipeline defects

COMSOL simulation, piezoelectric ultrasonic detection of pipeline defects.
Use two piezoelectric transducers with circumferential polarization. Adjusting the phase difference controls the pipeline signal to enhance on one side and weaken on the other, achieving unidirectional detection of pipeline defects.
Using solid mechanics, electrostatics, and circuit physics fields;
Each circle consists of 8 piezoelectric plates (pzt-4) for a total of two circles, which spontaneously self collect (by turning off the input signal on one side, spontaneous self collection can be achieved);
Pipeline size: inner diameter 80mm, outer diameter 90mm, length 2m (pipeline size can be directly modified using parameters r1 and r2);
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