P.S.: weird off topic fact brought to my memory due to music choice - in C&C Generals, Crusader tank is a stand in for modernized M60 project and is a callback to M60's final service on the frontline for US troops in Desert Storm. Meanwhile Paladin tank is a stand in for M1A2 and not for SPG that it stole a name from.
M60 is one of my favorite tanks due to the variants mostly. The Israeli and Middle Eastern modified tanks are awesome, albeit not as effective as other modernized tanks.
I hope you are not talking about m60s in game. Because the israeli magach 6 and 6A are just pain in 7.7 against stabilized tank. The magach 6B its ok (I think) but I jumping all the m60 (except magach 6, which I don't even know how I managed to upgrade it). Shot, shot kal alef/gimel its the best line
@@TRPilot06YT Exactly Turkey uses M60 AMBT as heavy support veichle withing leo2a4-5 tanks while leopards breaching lines they provide covering fire with their absolute top of the line main gun control systems
It’s important to remember that many of the greatest tanks ever built have often been perfected through a lot of trial and error. There’s really only much you can account for when initially designing a brand new tank. Politics, funding, engineering challenges, all can have its effects. And of course, you can never be ready for combat conditions, which can reveal problems that you would have never even hoped to have considered, but seem obvious after the fact. It’s kinda why you’ll see many old designs and patterns lingering on nowadays compared to any new designs that are being proposed. It’s hard to design a brand new tank, because it brings a whole host brand new challenges.
I drew a brand new M60a1 in 1965 ,never had any of the mentioned problems with it . But some other tanks that arrived with mine were hanger queens , always something wrong with them .
My Dad was in 3rd armored division from 83' till 89', he was on M60A3's till 88' and he liked them. By then though, he said the wear and tear on the the tanks were showing. He said they wouldn't go past 30mph or go up hill to well. But the targeting computer on the A3 models were actually newer then the M1A1's he'd later get as the M60A3 was a rushed stop gap design till the M1's could get into more units, so it's computer, well based on the M1's, was newer.
The M60A3s XM21 ballistic computer is in no manner shape or form newer or better than the one used on the M1. More to the point, the XM21 is actually an analog computer that uses positive and negative voltages to correct the ballistic solution which can vary a bit with the state of the tank's electrical charging system. In other words it uses pre-transistor technology whereas the M1s computer is, and always has been, a digital computer. Now, maybe your father meant the thermal imagery sight known as the TTS (Tank Thermal Sight) on the M60A3 and TIS (Thermal Imagery System) for the M1 and M1A1. It is true that the TTS is superior to the TIS. While both systems use the same thermal detector, Texas Instruments (TTS) did a far superior job translating the detected thermal radiation into an image than did Hughes (TIS).
I think you could have this guy record for more in depth information, just get him a proper mic for the setup, and he would be great for it. He isn't monotone, and he speaks clear.
Good video. I learned some things I did not know about the history of the M60. I served on the M60A3 TTS for a couple of years before moving on to the M1A1. It was a pretty reliable tank for the most part. You could blow half your engine or one of your oil jugs and still keep going. The 60s were slow though, and going up a steep hill you were lucky to hit 10mph. Top speed on flat terrain averaged about 32 mph, 35 if you had a newer engine. We had pulled the turbo chargers off to increase reliability but that came at the cost of power. It was roomy inside for a tank. The main gun could do the job, and could be reloaded faster than the Abrams due to no ammo door. Of course if we got penned the ammo was gonna detonate resulting in a crew wipeout. The armor was an issue for us, but we knew the 60s were getting phased out so we never got any ERA, although I believe the Marines M60A1s had it for Desert Storm. We were trained to make good use of cover, and by my time we would have been relegated to infantry support or dug in defense. We had the FRH for the turret hydraulics upgrade in ours. I will say the suspension was an ass breaker. The Torsion bars loved to bust for no reason. I had one bust just sitting in the motor pool one day. They suck to change. The track was ok, but much easier to throw than the Abrams and required more maintenance. It was easier to fix without track skirts in the way though. You had to be careful going at speed in rough terrain lest you break a torsion bar or blow a road wheel, sprocket or comp idler arm. The idler arms were much weaker than the Abrams in my opinion too. The Thermals on the 60A3 (TTS) were actually better than the Abrams TIS of my day. Bigger screen and better resolution. The FCS and ballistic computer worked well, and laser rangefinder did its job as long as you did not overheat it. The stabilization was pretty good but not as good as the Abrams. The 105mm was dead nuts accurate, and could be fired on the move. Over all I loved the M60A3, but I was glad that I served on the Abrams come Desert Storm. I have a friend in the Bosnian Army that is a crewmember on the M60A3, and it sounds like they are going to get an APS at some point, as well as some other upgrades. Maybe some ERA. I have seen other upgrades that look pretty amazing. We will be seeing this tank used for another 20 years for sure.
The Israelis also noted the fragility of the M60's supension. And this was already bad compared to the competition in the 60s, the main reason is that the US didn't use some form of coating to protect the surface of the bars which is the most vulnerable part. The German Leopard 1 didn't have this issue. The M60 also has far too few shock absorbers and bump stops, and the latter are not very good. The Americans really dropped the ball with that suspension even though they had nearly a decade of experience with that on the M48.
You can blame the suspension problems on a design heritage that basically goes back to the M26 Pershing of 1945. Same roadwheels, same torsion bar design. Same friction snubbers and shocks, etc. The design essentially froze with the M48A1, despite the M60 being a lot heavier.
I always said the M60 was a great tank to play in, awesome in defense - but if I was going to be shot at; M1 all the way. We had left over M1IMP tanks after our M60A3's and their reliability was horrible compared to the M60's.
I never knew the M60 was supposed to have composite armor. I can only imagine if they had done that the first tank with composite armor would have been the M60 not the T-64...
sadly they didn't gave it, but T-55 got it composite armor and changed name. we all know that modern chinse and russia tanks are just T-55 which were heavily modernaized and built from the beginig with upgrades alredy. Not counting compostie armor the newer M60s have everything what other MBTs have, but for some reason it wasn't desribed in video as they focused only on american M60s.
I drove an AVLB while in the US Army. It's basically a revised m60 chasis with a bridge on it for combat Engineer operations. Our main concerns (aside from hydraulic leaks from the giant bridge on it) were constant engine leaks, transmission and most importantly braking issues. It is an absolute pain to disengage the parking brake since you have to exert a stupid amount of PSI on the brake pedal to get it engaged or disengaged. Also funny enough each AVLB had a different 'stance' some leaned forward or more back even without the bridge and we could never figure out how to get that adjusted even if we tightened up the track with the grease. But yes, getting out the escape hatch was very hard, even without gear on. We never got to practice because it took mechanics to lace the escape hatch with a metal wire once the hatch was released. They never had the time or tools to do it so if a fire happened it was jump out of the cupolas instead of the hatch.
Over ten years on M60s, I never once heard about an escape hatched being wire laced in place. Yes, many times we used cargo straps to keep the lever from rotating and allowing the hatch to drop. You'll have to explain to me how that worked.
@@DK-ed7be must be a safety related to the bridge laying variant. Not really related to your field at all, but as an aviation mechanic, we have multiple devices Lockwired with thin, breakable copper wire. Kind of a last ditch "idiot repellant" that keeps fat fingers from flipping switches or mistaken bumps. And you'll never EVER find that spool of wire when you need it.
We had a number items on tanks that were laced, the escape hatch wasn't one of them. And it wasn't one of them on the AVLB I crewed for about six months. By the way, our fire extinguisher handles were laced with four strand (separated to two strand) copper safety wire. Just enough wire to keep the handles from being accidently pulled, not too much to prevent a quick yank from activating them.
@@DK-ed7be every one of ours was laced when I was in Korea both on rotation and while permanent party. It's not laced to keep us locked in but just to know if it was intentional that you dropped the hatch. Sadly I don't have any sources as the online TMs for the AVLB aren't the most updated nor is it the -20 or -30 tm Our Bravo 6 designation course that we go to school on to basically be our unit's go to guy for Engineer vehicles had them laced when I went through In 2018.
After dropping several on road marches - they were wired shut on our M60A3's. If it was likely we were going to use them - it'd be a different story. Had several tracks were the breaks were barely able to hold the tank on slightly elevated ground. Nearly road over a ground guide that thought it was cool to be right up to the tank and park it.... Had one try to roll off a lowboy trailer once; breaks weren't set properly.
I live for tank explanation videos that are 10+ mins long. Perfectly allow for background consumption during any activity, from eating to quick chores.
M60A3 Master Gunner here. First, AOS was introduced in 1972. Second, no stabilization system of that era was worth a crap, they certainly didn't afford the ability to shoot on the move with anything more than a wing and a prayer of hitting the intended target. Most of us at the time during tank gunnery would opt to fire from a short halt unless ordered to use stabilization. For US tankers it wouldn't be until the M1 series that stabilization became something to be looked forward to being used.
For the record, the 1974 date comes from a document titled "M60A1, M60A1 RISE, and M60A1 RISE (PASSIVE) series tanks, Combat, Full-Tracked 105-mm Gun" and is intended to be a reference to the major Pre-Rise upgrades: The 1971 TLAC, 1972 AOS, and 1974 T142 track. As for stabilization systems, they were certainly not as good as newer types but the Centurion had a fairly capable system by the time of 1952 or so, and the T-54/55 series was reasonably accurate by the time of the 1957 increments. These were still not very precise, and indeed nor was the AOS, but they did provide a capability improvement over having none at all.
The M60A3 had generally one sweet spot where the stab was actually working - faster or slower and the reticle was bouncing all over hell. The M1-series is just awesome.
I served in the United States Marine Corps from 1983 to 1988 and our armor support was the M60A3 with the 105mm M68A3 gun. Those guns were wicked accurate with their rifled barrels. I loved those tanks.
Even though I like the European mbts like the t-55, t-64, leopard, centurion and chieftain a little more, I can see why it's a solid vehicle, which speaking of the centurion and chieftain, any chance you could do a video on them? I barely hear a word of them or how effective they were other than them pioneering in apds and hesh.
@@destroyerarmor2846 not the T-64, it was the first ever mass produced MBT to use composite and was an extremely impressive design when it came out in 1963, keeping the soviets in the lead in armor design till the 80s before the americans started to catch up
After serving in the M1A1(c) for three years and reaching my National Guard unit I was amazed at how cavernous the M60A3's interior was. Never operated one though as they left just as I arrived so we received a slew of M1-IP tanks as replacements for a few years before transitioning again to the M1A1 a few years later.
I was on M60A1s and A3s for ten years, then went to the M1A1 for a few years. I returned to Ft. Knox as a Senior TC instructor for OSUT teaching NG tankers on the A3s during the summer. I had forgotten how relatively slow the gun elevated and depressed. You know, compared to the M1.
I love this video. Your friend's voice and how it's recorded goes soooo well with the old M60 footage at the intro. I love it! It's like watching those old documentary videos.
Was it bad? No. Was it weird as it was created after T-64 and Chieftain? Yes, definitely yes. It's as if soviets instead of T-64 decided to upsize T-55 one more time like they did with T-62. Though nowadays it's modernization potential almost turned useful. Almost because country that needs modernized M60's with applique composite, new electronics, new engine and suspension and 120mm gun is Taiwan. And no one is ballsy enough to sell it to Taiwan:( P.S.: weird off topic fact brought to my memory due to music choice - in C&C Generals, Crusader tank is a stand in for modernized M60 project and is a callback to M60's final service on the frontline for US troops in Desert Storm. Meanwhile Paladin tank is a stand in for M1A2 and not for SPG that it stole a name from.
ive been obsessed with the M60 ever since studying taiwan's military. taiwan now wants to focus on just having a 600+ tank fleet. their current plan is to upgrade a sample of 40M60, with 1000+ horsepower and other things, but no 120mm. they found a 120mm would cost 3 million per tank. if the first upgrade goes okay they will upgrade 200 in total. the remaining 400+ might be from future tank purchases, although the US doesnt want to sell expensive vulnerable platforms when taiwans military lacks so man basic things. tricky tricky. the head-scratcher is that maybe taiwan doesnt need a 120mm gun because in an invasion china couldnt transfer heavy tanks anyway. i think taiwan should just go for 200 + abrams and 400+ Griffin light tanks that the US is producing, although that will be sometime down the line. curiously, taiwan is producing 280+ wheeled IFV with 105mm guns.
@@stephenallen4635 yep, my bad. T-64 entered mass production in 1963, M60 did in 1960. No idea why I thought or phrased it that way back then. Though history of M60 is still full of weird choices.
Hey spook! This is one of my favorite tanks, so I'm super happy about this video! Are u doing alright? You sound different in this video. Edit: just saw that it was his friend. Cool👍
The M60 was a massive tank. It's the exact opposite philosophy of the Soviets, who built tanks as short as possible make them harder targets to hit. The M60 would be as hard to miss as a barn door.
In most terrain where you could hide a tank - it's height is not detrimental. It could be more of an advantage at times - especially when you can stand up in the turret. The newest Abrams is just as tall with the TC station.
@@DK-ed7be Any tank looks bad when being crewed by middle eastern tankmen... This outcome would be much more different facing off with actual Warsaw Pact crewed vehicles.
This is an excellent brief history of the M60 that discussed all of the positives and negatives in a knowledgeable, impartial and articulate manner. Thank you!!
I feel the honor of the AVDS-1790 is besmirched in this video. Reliability issues have to be put into context. Such as, unreliable compared to what? Unlike most of it's western contemporaries, the M60 was operating in actual combat conditions while AMX-30s and Leopard 1 tanks were limited to parades and exercises. Certainly it was better than the L60 engine of the British Chieftain. The engines record speaks for itself, having been in service longer than just about any other tank engine in the Western world with production of new engines continuing up to this decade.
I tried making a fairly large distinction between the *early* AVDS-1790-2A--which the Army felt was unsatisfactory--and the later models (especially Post-RISE 2C and 2D types) which were thoroughly reliable (I believe I said something to the effect of a "bulletproof" powerplant at some point, but cannot quite recall) and made specific reference to their 21st Century service with US M88 ARVs as evidence of the engine's longevity once the initial teething issues were rooted out. I can understand how it may be interpreted that I'm attacking the engine, but on the contrary my intent is to highlight some early issues the engine had, how and when they were rooted out (albeit briefly) transforming the AVDS-1790 into one of the best AFV powerplants of its generation.
This just popped up in my feed and I think you and your friend did a good job. Just as informative as other tank channels and the presentation was very clear and focused.
Those continental engines are a pain in the ass to work on, they smoke like a chimneys but damn, they run when they run. It's amazing watching the torque twist lift the front of an M88 off the ground.
I’ve always considered the M-60 such a hot looking AFV. I suppose that’s cause as a little boy, I’d walk to school and pass by our local National Guard Armory and it’s two M-60s would be sitting out there behind the barbed wire fence in the armory compound. It seemed so huge, menacing, and indestructible-looking to a little boy. At the time, I couldn’t imagine there was anything on earth capable of defeating it!
I remember my NCOIC using the flammable hydraulic fluid to heat water for coffee in my M998 FISTV. It was as flammable as gasoline but the fumes were more worrisome. I remember tankers talking about transitioning to from the M60 to the Abrams. The older troops missed the M60 but it was mostly sour grapes about change. The only thing they mentioned that really made sense was that the Abrams didn't have a floor escape hatch. They missed the M60's floor hatch both as an escape route and as a way to pee or shit surreptitiously without leaving the tank. The other issue was that the young troops were well trained and used to the high tech gear that came with the Abrams while the older NCOs and officers were not. However, the older NCOs and officers knew all the tank tactics the young bucks didn't. But the world marches on it all evened out in the end.
We flipped over an Abrams back in the day, and all the hatches were blocked. Leaking fluid (can't remember if it was diesel, oil or hydraulics) ignited and every fire extinguisher in the company was dumped on that pack before the crew was dug out through the drivers hatch.
I was one of the last users of the M60 in US service. Hadn't seen a tank with the older hydraulic fluid after 1980. There was no way any still had it at the end of their life. Considering it is a check you do every time you put the turret into operation, and the older being red and the newer clear, we would have noticed.
I served on a couple of different M-60 models. Two problems you missed were the machine guns. The coax was junk until it was finally replaced with a FN design. The .50 cal was not a Ma Deuce but a M-85. It wasn't a terrible weapon but it was mounted in the cupola which was hand operated. Trying to crank the elevation and traverse at the same time while firing the thing was difficult to say the least. Forget tracking an aircraft. We worked around it by having the TC handle the firing and elevation and the gunner would traverse the turret. Neither machine gun could be operated outside the tank.
Never played warthunder, but thats quite clever to fire the Mg into the smoke to and use the hit-marker window as targetfinder for the maingun. Very nice.
I served on the M48 thru to the M1A1, and have to say that every model in this line was very dependable. the only track problems were common to track end connectors . When we transitioned to the M60A3TTS we regularly out performed the M1 firing on firing, both stationary and on the move.
My great uncle served also served on all Main Battle Tanks in the U.S. Army from the M48A3-M1A1 from 1966-1986 with the 1/69th Armored Regiment, 4th Infantry Division.
Workhorse or not, it’s probably not a good sign if crucial systems in your tank are at risk of becoming outdated even during introduction. By comparison, the T-72 was pretty modern when it was introduced.
@@cristobalalvarez5491 This is RUclips, not AM talk radio. A decent USB microphone costs $30 on Amazon, and OBS is free. There's no reason for the audio quality to be this poor.
The thing with tanks is that it's really hard, if not impossible, to make one that has 0 flaws, and basically any tank can be critisized for something that another one can do.
Great video and very informative. Only critique would be to lose the superfluous names/designations of every component being mentioned. It's hard to follow along when instead of saying "the engine and track were good" it is instead "the General Electric T-115A1 SER turbine engine and Pendleton 5520 High Tensile tracks were good."
It's a perfect compromise I always try to find, but am constantly trying to improve. As I know some folks who are really into exacting details tend to want *more* of the precise designations, whereas most people want the top-level terms. I tried to limit where I used designations here, though I agree I've always room for improvement, and maybe there's a better way for me to achieve that compromise.
The M60 coincidentally sounds like the T-60 from Fallout 76 where it’s basically the Up sized version of its previous version (T-45/M-48) I bring up 76 as they fixed the error of T-60 being more protective than the T-51 (Which can be considered the M1 Abrams of US Power Armor)
03:41 at the risk of asking a dumb question…it’s this their same concept as the T95 armor design? I know that armor type was being highly considered in various areas because of various reasons but I’m assuming it’s the same.
A regular Winnebago compared to the M1 and the turret monster was very tame compared to the M1. The most important thing on an M60 in Germany was having a working heater. It was a sad crew that didn't have one when it was cold/rainy/snowy/icy/etc. Tank heaters and heater parts(igniters and thermostats) were like gold, and you best be first at the Motor sergeant's office, if you ordered any when they were put in platoon parts bins or "boom" stolen within minutes. Actually the whole parts situation seem that way. as line M60 units had a lower supply priority. Could take months to get some light-bulbs/rare parts if ever. Parts theft was rampant. (For some reason my 2 tank section ended up with two extra CONEX's worth of tank spare parts and tools, I don't know why ;) LOL
My dad still talk about when he was a tanker in the 80s and 90s. He started on the M60A3 in Germany, and then M1s in Texas. He got the M1A1 when he went to Desert Storm. Anyway, he always maintains that the M60A3s fire control system was much better than the M1's amd he wanted the M60 back, but when he got the M1A1, he was happy again.
Served on a M60 A1 rise passive in the eighties. Liked the tank, though and reasonably reliable. Easily able to drive around all those Bradley junks cluttering the scenery...
The amount of content for the video was amazing and even better than what spook does for this type of series. With that said, gotta upgrade the mic XD!
I had two plastic toy m60s when I was little. They were probably hand me downs since that was the early 2000's. I've always had a soft spot for them for that reason. They're what I think when I hear "tank"
Great tank in real life, but it makes me sad how bad a lot of its later models (RISE and TTS from the American tree) are in War Thunder. I hope they get some re-balancing someday, although it's the classic gaijin feedback loop of bad balancing>nobody plays a vehicle>bad balance never gets fixed because nobody plays it.
I’ve just recently reached 9.0, and I’ve really enjoyed the M60 RISE/TTS. They’ve certainly got some shortcomings, but they’re also quite capable. I’ve bounced more shots in the M60 than the XM803. On the other hand, I really wished the ERA would be a researchable modification so that you could take it off. It might be worth it once the tanks are spades, but stock it’s a lot of extra dead weight that the weaker engine can’t handle.
I was one of the last 19E tankers of the 80s. the M60a3 was a dog as far as power but the gun system was awesome. it was time for a change and the M-1 was the tank for the future. luckily I was able to spend a lot of time on the OPFOR M-551 Sheridan at the NTC fighting both MBTs. Steel on Steel.
Thank you for your comment! Operating on those NTC M551s must've been a blast, but I also suspect it was a pain in the rear to maintain if you were on them in the closing 1980s and into the 1990s.
@@TADAMAT-CZ nah he clearly just has a new mic, smh my head
2 года назад
Intersting Video. After having looked at the leopard 1 and HEAT Rounds a bit I did wonder why the British and Americans didn't seam to have reacted to the hollow charge thread like the germans did.
I wasn't able to record for a while so this video was written and voiced by Thinky, my friend that's been a guest before.
obj.277? T10?
can we get a Thinky spin-off series
Ok cool but do you love youre mom?
P.S.: weird off topic fact brought to my memory due to music choice - in C&C Generals, Crusader tank is a stand in for modernized M60 project and is a callback to M60's final service on the frontline for US troops in Desert Storm. Meanwhile Paladin tank is a stand in for M1A2 and not for SPG that it stole a name from.
No worries dude
M60 is one of my favorite tanks due to the variants mostly. The Israeli and Middle Eastern modified tanks are awesome, albeit not as effective as other modernized tanks.
I mean, most of those upgraded M60s are fighting in asymetrical warfare soo they are still pretty good
BUBBLES!!!!
I hope you are not talking about m60s in game. Because the israeli magach 6 and 6A are just pain in 7.7 against stabilized tank. The magach 6B its ok (I think) but I jumping all the m60 (except magach 6, which I don't even know how I managed to upgrade it). Shot, shot kal alef/gimel its the best line
@@TRPilot06YT Exactly Turkey uses M60 AMBT as heavy support veichle withing leo2a4-5 tanks while leopards breaching lines they provide covering fire with their absolute top of the line main gun control systems
There’s a good couple of hundred M60 A1 and 3 in service of the Jordanian army. They’re good looking tanks with camo
Man I got overwhelmed by both the topic of this video and the voice
RUclips 2010 Flashbacks
same
I never knew the M60 tank had so many problems.
Every first model of every tank in this world would always have a problem
It’s important to remember that many of the greatest tanks ever built have often been perfected through a lot of trial and error.
There’s really only much you can account for when initially designing a brand new tank. Politics, funding, engineering challenges, all can have its effects.
And of course, you can never be ready for combat conditions, which can reveal problems that you would have never even hoped to have considered, but seem obvious after the fact.
It’s kinda why you’ll see many old designs and patterns lingering on nowadays compared to any new designs that are being proposed. It’s hard to design a brand new tank, because it brings a whole host brand new challenges.
Tanks are super complex machines, it is normal to have a trial and error approach.
I drew a brand new M60a1 in 1965 ,never had any of the mentioned problems with it . But some other tanks that arrived with mine were hanger queens , always something wrong with them .
@@genegleason4987 uh 65 or 85
My Dad was in 3rd armored division from 83' till 89', he was on M60A3's till 88' and he liked them. By then though, he said the wear and tear on the the tanks were showing. He said they wouldn't go past 30mph or go up hill to well. But the targeting computer on the A3 models were actually newer then the M1A1's he'd later get as the M60A3 was a rushed stop gap design till the M1's could get into more units, so it's computer, well based on the M1's, was newer.
The M60A3s XM21 ballistic computer is in no manner shape or form newer or better than the one used on the M1. More to the point, the XM21 is actually an analog computer that uses positive and negative voltages to correct the ballistic solution which can vary a bit with the state of the tank's electrical charging system. In other words it uses pre-transistor technology whereas the M1s computer is, and always has been, a digital computer. Now, maybe your father meant the thermal imagery sight known as the TTS (Tank Thermal Sight) on the M60A3 and TIS (Thermal Imagery System) for the M1 and M1A1. It is true that the TTS is superior to the TIS. While both systems use the same thermal detector, Texas Instruments (TTS) did a far superior job translating the detected thermal radiation into an image than did Hughes (TIS).
They didn't like going up hills in the 70s either, kind of like a locomotive
@@DK-ed7be oh my god I love the fact that Texas Instruments is simultaneously responsible for my TI-84 calculator and the M60’s gun sight
I was on the m60 from 83-88, and the M1 until 2003, the M60 TTS was far superior to the M1 TIS, I never understood why the M1 had this sorry sight.
Every single apostrophe is used incorrectly. My fucking eyes
I think you could have this guy record for more in depth information, just get him a proper mic for the setup, and he would be great for it. He isn't monotone, and he speaks clear.
yeah, just needs a proper mic and some mixing this would be a good off-schedule thing
Iunno what happened to the other comment but a semi-okay mic isn't hard to come by, Spookston could hook him up if they plan to do this more.
Good video. I learned some things I did not know about the history of the M60. I served on the M60A3 TTS for a couple of years before moving on to the M1A1. It was a pretty reliable tank for the most part. You could blow half your engine or one of your oil jugs and still keep going. The 60s were slow though, and going up a steep hill you were lucky to hit 10mph. Top speed on flat terrain averaged about 32 mph, 35 if you had a newer engine. We had pulled the turbo chargers off to increase reliability but that came at the cost of power. It was roomy inside for a tank. The main gun could do the job, and could be reloaded faster than the Abrams due to no ammo door. Of course if we got penned the ammo was gonna detonate resulting in a crew wipeout. The armor was an issue for us, but we knew the 60s were getting phased out so we never got any ERA, although I believe the Marines M60A1s had it for Desert Storm. We were trained to make good use of cover, and by my time we would have been relegated to infantry support or dug in defense. We had the FRH for the turret hydraulics upgrade in ours. I will say the suspension was an ass breaker. The Torsion bars loved to bust for no reason. I had one bust just sitting in the motor pool one day. They suck to change. The track was ok, but much easier to throw than the Abrams and required more maintenance. It was easier to fix without track skirts in the way though. You had to be careful going at speed in rough terrain lest you break a torsion bar or blow a road wheel, sprocket or comp idler arm. The idler arms were much weaker than the Abrams in my opinion too. The Thermals on the 60A3 (TTS) were actually better than the Abrams TIS of my day. Bigger screen and better resolution. The FCS and ballistic computer worked well, and laser rangefinder did its job as long as you did not overheat it. The stabilization was pretty good but not as good as the Abrams. The 105mm was dead nuts accurate, and could be fired on the move. Over all I loved the M60A3, but I was glad that I served on the Abrams come Desert Storm. I have a friend in the Bosnian Army that is a crewmember on the M60A3, and it sounds like they are going to get an APS at some point, as well as some other upgrades. Maybe some ERA. I have seen other upgrades that look pretty amazing. We will be seeing this tank used for another 20 years for sure.
The Israelis also noted the fragility of the M60's supension. And this was already bad compared to the competition in the 60s, the main reason is that the US didn't use some form of coating to protect the surface of the bars which is the most vulnerable part. The German Leopard 1 didn't have this issue. The M60 also has far too few shock absorbers and bump stops, and the latter are not very good. The Americans really dropped the ball with that suspension even though they had nearly a decade of experience with that on the M48.
You can blame the suspension problems on a design heritage that basically goes back to the M26 Pershing of 1945. Same roadwheels, same torsion bar design. Same friction snubbers and shocks, etc. The design essentially froze with the M48A1, despite the M60 being a lot heavier.
Good post MetalPanzerWolf! I was a tank company commander with 1AD out of Bamberg during Desert Storm.
I always said the M60 was a great tank to play in, awesome in defense - but if I was going to be shot at; M1 all the way. We had left over M1IMP tanks after our M60A3's and their reliability was horrible compared to the M60's.
I agree 100 percent with your opinion of the M60A3 the fire control system was outstanding so advanced for that Era.
Damn she took the mic in the divorce
I never knew the M60 was supposed to have composite armor. I can only imagine if they had done that the first tank with composite armor would have been the M60 not the T-64...
sadly they didn't gave it, but T-55 got it composite armor and changed name. we all know that modern chinse and russia tanks are just T-55 which were heavily modernaized and built from the beginig with upgrades alredy. Not counting compostie armor the newer M60s have everything what other MBTs have, but for some reason it wasn't desribed in video as they focused only on american M60s.
I drove an AVLB while in the US Army. It's basically a revised m60 chasis with a bridge on it for combat Engineer operations.
Our main concerns (aside from hydraulic leaks from the giant bridge on it) were constant engine leaks, transmission and most importantly braking issues.
It is an absolute pain to disengage the parking brake since you have to exert a stupid amount of PSI on the brake pedal to get it engaged or disengaged.
Also funny enough each AVLB had a different 'stance' some leaned forward or more back even without the bridge and we could never figure out how to get that adjusted even if we tightened up the track with the grease.
But yes, getting out the escape hatch was very hard, even without gear on. We never got to practice because it took mechanics to lace the escape hatch with a metal wire once the hatch was released. They never had the time or tools to do it so if a fire happened it was jump out of the cupolas instead of the hatch.
Over ten years on M60s, I never once heard about an escape hatched being wire laced in place. Yes, many times we used cargo straps to keep the lever from rotating and allowing the hatch to drop. You'll have to explain to me how that worked.
@@DK-ed7be must be a safety related to the bridge laying variant. Not really related to your field at all, but as an aviation mechanic, we have multiple devices Lockwired with thin, breakable copper wire. Kind of a last ditch "idiot repellant" that keeps fat fingers from flipping switches or mistaken bumps.
And you'll never EVER find that spool of wire when you need it.
We had a number items on tanks that were laced, the escape hatch wasn't one of them. And it wasn't one of them on the AVLB I crewed for about six months.
By the way, our fire extinguisher handles were laced with four strand (separated to two strand) copper safety wire. Just enough wire to keep the handles from being accidently pulled, not too much to prevent a quick yank from activating them.
@@DK-ed7be every one of ours was laced when I was in Korea both on rotation and while permanent party. It's not laced to keep us locked in but just to know if it was intentional that you dropped the hatch. Sadly I don't have any sources as the online TMs for the AVLB aren't the most updated nor is it the -20 or -30 tm
Our Bravo 6 designation course that we go to school on to basically be our unit's go to guy for Engineer vehicles had them laced when I went through In 2018.
After dropping several on road marches - they were wired shut on our M60A3's. If it was likely we were going to use them - it'd be a different story. Had several tracks were the breaks were barely able to hold the tank on slightly elevated ground. Nearly road over a ground guide that thought it was cool to be right up to the tank and park it.... Had one try to roll off a lowboy trailer once; breaks weren't set properly.
love this video
also who kidnapped spookston
I live for tank explanation videos that are 10+ mins long. Perfectly allow for background consumption during any activity, from eating to quick chores.
M60A3 Master Gunner here. First, AOS was introduced in 1972. Second, no stabilization system of that era was worth a crap, they certainly didn't afford the ability to shoot on the move with anything more than a wing and a prayer of hitting the intended target. Most of us at the time during tank gunnery would opt to fire from a short halt unless ordered to use stabilization. For US tankers it wouldn't be until the M1 series that stabilization became something to be looked forward to being used.
For the record, the 1974 date comes from a document titled "M60A1, M60A1 RISE, and M60A1 RISE (PASSIVE) series tanks, Combat, Full-Tracked 105-mm Gun" and is intended to be a reference to the major Pre-Rise upgrades: The 1971 TLAC, 1972 AOS, and 1974 T142 track.
As for stabilization systems, they were certainly not as good as newer types but the Centurion had a fairly capable system by the time of 1952 or so, and the T-54/55 series was reasonably accurate by the time of the 1957 increments. These were still not very precise, and indeed nor was the AOS, but they did provide a capability improvement over having none at all.
The M60A3 had generally one sweet spot where the stab was actually working - faster or slower and the reticle was bouncing all over hell. The M1-series is just awesome.
I served in the United States Marine Corps from 1983 to 1988 and our armor support was the M60A3 with the 105mm M68A3 gun. Those guns were wicked accurate with their rifled barrels. I loved those tanks.
Even though I like the European mbts like the t-55, t-64, leopard, centurion and chieftain a little more, I can see why it's a solid vehicle, which speaking of the centurion and chieftain, any chance you could do a video on them? I barely hear a word of them or how effective they were other than them pioneering in apds and hesh.
They've been overshadowed by newer tanks
@@destroyerarmor2846 not the T-64, it was the first ever mass produced MBT to use composite and was an extremely impressive design when it came out in 1963, keeping the soviets in the lead in armor design till the 80s before the americans started to catch up
t-55 and t-54 are not mbt's
@@jaxrammus9165 your mother is
@@jaxrammus9165 pretty sure the T-54 was considered the worlds first MBT my guy. It pretty much hit all the check marks…
After serving in the M1A1(c) for three years and reaching my National Guard unit I was amazed at how cavernous the M60A3's interior was. Never operated one though as they left just as I arrived so we received a slew of M1-IP tanks as replacements for a few years before transitioning again to the M1A1 a few years later.
I was on M60A1s and A3s for ten years, then went to the M1A1 for a few years. I returned to Ft. Knox as a Senior TC instructor for OSUT teaching NG tankers on the A3s during the summer. I had forgotten how relatively slow the gun elevated and depressed. You know, compared to the M1.
I love this video. Your friend's voice and how it's recorded goes soooo well with the old M60 footage at the intro.
I love it! It's like watching those old documentary videos.
Was it bad? No. Was it weird as it was created after T-64 and Chieftain? Yes, definitely yes. It's as if soviets instead of T-64 decided to upsize T-55 one more time like they did with T-62.
Though nowadays it's modernization potential almost turned useful. Almost because country that needs modernized M60's with applique composite, new electronics, new engine and suspension and 120mm gun is Taiwan. And no one is ballsy enough to sell it to Taiwan:(
P.S.: weird off topic fact brought to my memory due to music choice - in C&C Generals, Crusader tank is a stand in for modernized M60 project and is a callback to M60's final service on the frontline for US troops in Desert Storm. Meanwhile Paladin tank is a stand in for M1A2 and not for SPG that it stole a name from.
Taiwan is getting 250 M1a2 sep v3 abrams.
ive been obsessed with the M60 ever since studying taiwan's military. taiwan now wants to focus on just having a 600+ tank fleet. their current plan is to upgrade a sample of 40M60, with 1000+ horsepower and other things, but no 120mm. they found a 120mm would cost 3 million per tank. if the first upgrade goes okay they will upgrade 200 in total. the remaining 400+ might be from future tank purchases, although the US doesnt want to sell expensive vulnerable platforms when taiwans military lacks so man basic things. tricky tricky. the head-scratcher is that maybe taiwan doesnt need a 120mm gun because in an invasion china couldnt transfer heavy tanks anyway. i think taiwan should just go for 200 + abrams and 400+ Griffin light tanks that the US is producing, although that will be sometime down the line. curiously, taiwan is producing 280+ wheeled IFV with 105mm guns.
The m60a1 was created before the t64 came into service
@@stephenallen4635 yep, my bad. T-64 entered mass production in 1963, M60 did in 1960. No idea why I thought or phrased it that way back then. Though history of M60 is still full of weird choices.
Hey spook! This is one of my favorite tanks, so I'm super happy about this video! Are u doing alright? You sound different in this video.
Edit: just saw that it was his friend. Cool👍
yeah man,his voice got so deep the mic couldnt detect it
Different person
Maybe a new mic?
lol You didn't know that wasn't him until later?
Yo spookston think you might have a cold, should probably pop to the doctor to get that checked out.
Different person
@@evanarjames what? no way? Th-thats impossible. How could I have missed that piece of information that is blatantly obvious.
Damn listening to Thinky give us this short, concise lecture is a real treat. Cheers bud!
The M60 was a massive tank. It's the exact opposite philosophy of the Soviets, who built tanks as short as possible make them harder targets to hit. The M60 would be as hard to miss as a barn door.
And yet M60s, M48s, and Centurions (which is every bit as big) gave better than they got against contemporary Soviet tanks.
tank instructor brum brum, murica!
@Nevermind Really? Would they have been? You seem to be awfully sure of yourself. To what do you attribute your analysis?
In most terrain where you could hide a tank - it's height is not detrimental. It could be more of an advantage at times - especially when you can stand up in the turret. The newest Abrams is just as tall with the TC station.
@@DK-ed7be Any tank looks bad when being crewed by middle eastern tankmen... This outcome would be much more different facing off with actual Warsaw Pact crewed vehicles.
Dude, you got your old Xbox360 working again, nice
Different person
@@evanarjames I’m pretty sure they know that
maybe the real spookston was the friends we made along the way
This is an excellent brief history of the M60 that discussed all of the positives and negatives in a knowledgeable, impartial and articulate manner. Thank you!!
This is the scariest video about tanks I have ever watched 💀
I feel the honor of the AVDS-1790 is besmirched in this video. Reliability issues have to be put into context. Such as, unreliable compared to what? Unlike most of it's western contemporaries, the M60 was operating in actual combat conditions while AMX-30s and Leopard 1 tanks were limited to parades and exercises. Certainly it was better than the L60 engine of the British Chieftain. The engines record speaks for itself, having been in service longer than just about any other tank engine in the Western world with production of new engines continuing up to this decade.
I tried making a fairly large distinction between the *early* AVDS-1790-2A--which the Army felt was unsatisfactory--and the later models (especially Post-RISE 2C and 2D types) which were thoroughly reliable (I believe I said something to the effect of a "bulletproof" powerplant at some point, but cannot quite recall) and made specific reference to their 21st Century service with US M88 ARVs as evidence of the engine's longevity once the initial teething issues were rooted out. I can understand how it may be interpreted that I'm attacking the engine, but on the contrary my intent is to highlight some early issues the engine had, how and when they were rooted out (albeit briefly) transforming the AVDS-1790 into one of the best AFV powerplants of its generation.
No
@@joannehartung9692 no?
By the time the M60A3 rolled along the tranny was about as reliable as anything I ever drove.
My dad drag raced a recovery vehicle and an m48a5(m48 chassis with an m60) and somehow didn’t get in a lot of trouble.
Good job Thinky Dude! I enjoy the way you research, write and narrate your content. Good stuff brother!
This just popped up in my feed and I think you and your friend did a good job. Just as informative as other tank channels and the presentation was very clear and focused.
M48/M60 are one of my favorite tanks in history
@@Mechanized85 No there not it’s one of the best tanks in history there service records are very good
Quite the change of pace with armor discussion! I like it!
I love all of the Patton tanks family, they are awesome and they're looks really funky.
Bro what’d you do with Alex 💀
His name was Alex!?
Dog got abducted this is the new intern
He died
He was found guilty of having fun by gaijin and was executed
@@covillthelad 😢
Man there soo much information in this video. Wow I love it
In Turkey our army finds upgraded M60's more useful than Leopard 2A4's.
Those continental engines are a pain in the ass to work on, they smoke like a chimneys but damn, they run when they run. It's amazing watching the torque twist lift the front of an M88 off the ground.
I’ve always considered the M-60 such a hot looking AFV. I suppose that’s cause as a little boy, I’d walk to school and pass by our local National Guard Armory and it’s two M-60s would be sitting out there behind the barbed wire fence in the armory compound. It seemed so huge, menacing, and indestructible-looking to a little boy. At the time, I couldn’t imagine there was anything on earth capable of defeating it!
I remember my NCOIC using the flammable hydraulic fluid to heat water for coffee in my M998 FISTV. It was as flammable as gasoline but the fumes were more worrisome.
I remember tankers talking about transitioning to from the M60 to the Abrams. The older troops missed the M60 but it was mostly sour grapes about change. The only thing they mentioned that really made sense was that the Abrams didn't have a floor escape hatch. They missed the M60's floor hatch both as an escape route and as a way to pee or shit surreptitiously without leaving the tank. The other issue was that the young troops were well trained and used to the high tech gear that came with the Abrams while the older NCOs and officers were not. However, the older NCOs and officers knew all the tank tactics the young bucks didn't. But the world marches on it all evened out in the end.
We flipped over an Abrams back in the day, and all the hatches were blocked. Leaking fluid (can't remember if it was diesel, oil or hydraulics) ignited and every fire extinguisher in the company was dumped on that pack before the crew was dug out through the drivers hatch.
Maaaaan that C&C Generals US music in the background, awesome..
My fiancés grandpa was turret crew in an m48 during vietnam and survived a hit by a missile of some kind, he lost his right arm in the hit.
Is the m60 the tank design of the plastic green army men set? Or the m46, 47, 48?
Usually it’s the M-48.
@@lordoftheunderpants6075 thanks
Loved this more in depth kind of video. Really got me in my tank nerd mood
I really like Thinky and his narration, i would honestly love to see more videos with him
I was one of the last users of the M60 in US service. Hadn't seen a tank with the older hydraulic fluid after 1980. There was no way any still had it at the end of their life. Considering it is a check you do every time you put the turret into operation, and the older being red and the newer clear, we would have noticed.
Was it as old and flawed as the video said?
Thinky did a really good job on this video. Well done thinky and and get hope u can recording again soon spookston!
Immaculate History
Incredible work
Beautiful series
Alotta flaws but so much Good
Could easily find Good work Today for a pretty reasonable price
I served on a couple of different M-60 models. Two problems you missed were the machine guns. The coax was junk until it was finally replaced with a FN design. The .50 cal was not a Ma Deuce but a M-85. It wasn't a terrible weapon but it was mounted in the cupola which was hand operated. Trying to crank the elevation and traverse at the same time while firing the thing was difficult to say the least. Forget tracking an aircraft. We worked around it by having the TC handle the firing and elevation and the gunner would traverse the turret. Neither machine gun could be operated outside the tank.
I always had a soft spot for the Patton series. It just feels like the prime example of a classic tank of the Cold War.
Never played warthunder, but thats quite clever to fire the Mg into the smoke to and use the hit-marker window as targetfinder for the maingun. Very nice.
I served on the M48 thru to the M1A1, and have to say that every model in this line was very dependable. the only track problems were common to track end connectors . When we transitioned to the M60A3TTS we regularly out performed the M1 firing on firing, both stationary and on the move.
My great uncle served also served on all Main Battle Tanks in the U.S. Army from the M48A3-M1A1 from 1966-1986 with the 1/69th Armored Regiment, 4th Infantry Division.
I served on M60,s and it was a good tank . With a good crew it could put out alot of accurate firepower, it was fast and had good mobility .
A good crew; a defensive position hull-down, and you had a hell of an obstacle to get through.
This is my fav tank for the reason it went from the basic MBT to a tank that even the M1 abrams would have some trouble with
Workhorse or not, it’s probably not a good sign if crucial systems in your tank are at risk of becoming outdated even during introduction. By comparison, the T-72 was pretty modern when it was introduced.
Iam sure this guy is interesting and knows what he is talking about but the sound quality is just awfull
This is the first video he sounds like that if you dont know then dont talk tank you. Dont take it personally that's just how I talk from time to time
@@cristobalalvarez5491 Dude, this is not spook.
@@cristobalalvarez5491 This is RUclips, not AM talk radio.
A decent USB microphone costs $30 on Amazon, and OBS is free. There's no reason for the audio quality to be this poor.
@@unclesam5733 hes talking thru discord mot likely
@@nercksrule its not spook and is mostly thru discord. also 30 dollar mics are junk
I like this longer history format, but please do something about the audio quality.
I could hear him scrolling through the script which made me pause and wonder if I was scrolling with a mouse. I’m watching on my phone.
The thing with tanks is that it's really hard, if not impossible, to make one that has 0 flaws, and basically any tank can be critisized for something that another one can do.
That voice caught me off guard at first. Good voice for the job but I was not ready for it
Truly a solid tank. Perhaps Leopard or Centurion next?
Great video and very informative. Only critique would be to lose the superfluous names/designations of every component being mentioned. It's hard to follow along when instead of saying "the engine and track were good" it is instead "the General Electric T-115A1 SER turbine engine and Pendleton 5520 High Tensile tracks were good."
It's a perfect compromise I always try to find, but am constantly trying to improve. As I know some folks who are really into exacting details tend to want *more* of the precise designations, whereas most people want the top-level terms. I tried to limit where I used designations here, though I agree I've always room for improvement, and maybe there's a better way for me to achieve that compromise.
That dissertation was good, fucking hell!
Enjoyed this quite a bit. Would be cool to see you and Thinky talk about more tanks in the future
The M60 coincidentally sounds like the T-60 from Fallout 76 where it’s basically the Up sized version of its previous version (T-45/M-48)
I bring up 76 as they fixed the error of T-60 being more protective than the T-51 (Which can be considered the M1 Abrams of US Power Armor)
Please more of this, this is very good
you good bro? Whats up with that audio?
Different person
@@TADAMAT-CZ Is that different person talking through a fan over a walkie talkie?
In the mid to late 1980s stationed in Germany we all loved our M60A3.
I really love these videos. Keep up the great work!
The modern upgrade package for the M60 introduced a few years ago is really good one have a 25mm rws included.
Get this man a slightly better Mike and he's got a channel of his own for sure.
03:41 at the risk of asking a dumb question…it’s this their same concept as the T95 armor design? I know that armor type was being highly considered in various areas because of various reasons but I’m assuming it’s the same.
Good job Thinky!
Okay random video @ work. I'm liking this .. voice. Letting other people talk. Do the next one like this as well.
Not quite the ungoverned 60 mph of Spookston himself, but a great informative video none the less!
i was suprised by the video, but if thinky wants to make more content for you, please let him do so as this video was thoroughly enjoying.
A regular Winnebago compared to the M1 and the turret monster was very tame compared to the M1. The most important thing on an M60 in Germany was having a working heater. It was a sad crew that didn't have one when it was cold/rainy/snowy/icy/etc.
Tank heaters and heater parts(igniters and thermostats) were like gold, and you best be first at the Motor sergeant's office, if you ordered any when they were put in platoon parts bins or "boom" stolen within minutes. Actually the whole parts situation seem that way. as line M60 units had a lower supply priority. Could take months to get some light-bulbs/rare parts if ever. Parts theft was rampant. (For some reason my 2 tank section ended up with two extra CONEX's worth of tank spare parts and tools, I don't know why ;) LOL
My dad still talk about when he was a tanker in the 80s and 90s. He started on the M60A3 in Germany, and then M1s in Texas. He got the M1A1 when he went to Desert Storm.
Anyway, he always maintains that the M60A3s fire control system was much better than the M1's amd he wanted the M60 back, but when he got the M1A1, he was happy again.
This was a good video. I like Thinky's presentation
Served on a M60 A1 rise passive in the eighties. Liked the tank, though and reasonably reliable.
Easily able to drive around all those Bradley junks cluttering the scenery...
Wait this isnt Spookston 🤨🤨
Thinky's taking over the channel
The amount of content for the video was amazing and even better than what spook does for this type of series. With that said, gotta upgrade the mic XD!
who are you and what did you do with the furry tank man.
Srs tho this was very well presented, and great detail!
Are there any footages of the M60 In combat? I've only found 2 short videos and firing tests
M60 is my favorite because I live within a few miles of 2 of them. Always love to give them a look.
I had two plastic toy m60s when I was little. They were probably hand me downs since that was the early 2000's. I've always had a soft spot for them for that reason. They're what I think when I hear "tank"
Great video!
The M60 was still in use by the 40th Armor in West Berlin until shortly before the Berlin Brigade was disbanded, so the late 80s.
Great tank in real life, but it makes me sad how bad a lot of its later models (RISE and TTS from the American tree) are in War Thunder. I hope they get some re-balancing someday, although it's the classic gaijin feedback loop of bad balancing>nobody plays a vehicle>bad balance never gets fixed because nobody plays it.
I’ve just recently reached 9.0, and I’ve really enjoyed the M60 RISE/TTS. They’ve certainly got some shortcomings, but they’re also quite capable. I’ve bounced more shots in the M60 than the XM803.
On the other hand, I really wished the ERA would be a researchable modification so that you could take it off. It might be worth it once the tanks are spades, but stock it’s a lot of extra dead weight that the weaker engine can’t handle.
I think your friend needs a greater mic for the narration 😂, but overall great explanation tho
I was in 2dTkBn 2dMarDiv. The M60 was a good all around tank of its time.
I was one of the last 19E tankers of the 80s. the M60a3 was a dog as far as power but the gun system was awesome. it was time for a change and the M-1 was the tank for the future. luckily I was able to spend a lot of time on the OPFOR M-551 Sheridan at the NTC fighting both MBTs. Steel on Steel.
Thank you for your comment! Operating on those NTC M551s must've been a blast, but I also suspect it was a pain in the rear to maintain if you were on them in the closing 1980s and into the 1990s.
We need to get Thinky a better mic, he goes hard in the paint
I just got an ace game in the M60A3 TTS. Take that as you will
That means nothing, tanks aren’t built to be put in war Thunder
I love my mom.
I also love your mom
I love her too
Everyone loves your mom
I love Lamp
Your mom makes the best cookies
how did some of y’all actually think this was Spookston speaking lol
I like the new mic
Its not him speaking
Hello fellow reaper with a sax
@@TADAMAT-CZ nah he clearly just has a new mic, smh my head
Intersting Video.
After having looked at the leopard 1 and HEAT Rounds a bit I did wonder why the British and Americans didn't seam to have reacted to the hollow charge thread like the germans did.
Interesting video.
I thought it was the M60 veteran user from 60's who spoke in this video :D
@Spookston what/where do you get your sources?