Blood Types: ABO and Rh (with donuts and sprinkles!)
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- Опубликовано: 7 окт 2024
- All about blood types - ABO and Rh blood groups. Who donates to whom? How are blood types inherited? What are the medical issues involved with transfusions? DON'T memorize that donor / recipient table - watch this video instead!
Links to videos mentioned:
Mendelian Genetics: Fun with Cats and Peas • Mendelian Genetics - F...
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VIDEO DETAILS:
Blood Groups: ABO and Rh
Blood Group Systems
32 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion
The most important of these: ABO blood group system and Rh blood group system
Discovery of ABO Blood Types
ABO blood types were discovered in 1900 by Dr. Karl Landsteiner at the University of Vienna
He wondered why some patients died as a result of blood transfusions and others did not
Inheritance
Blood types are inherited genetic traits (like eye color, hair color, etc.)
ABO Analogy: Donuts and Sprinkles
donut = red blood cell
A sprinkles = A antigens
B sprinkles = B antigens
no sprinkles = no antigens (plain donut)
What are the antigens chemically?
Alleles in the ABO System
i = base (plain donut)
IA = encodes A antigens
IB = encodes B antigens
Allele Combinations
ii
IAIA or IAi
IBIB or IBi
IAIB
Antigens and Antibodies
The antigens you have on your blood cells are recognized by your immune system as SELF antigens
If foreign antigens are discovered in your body, antibodies (or immunoglobulins) will be made by B cells of the immune system
Antibody Structure
Antigen + Antibody = agglutination reaction
Agglutination = the clumping of particles
Latin: agglutinare meaning 'to glue'
Mixing of all blood groups and the result
KEY: CANNOT transfuse if foreign antigens are introduced!!!
The Rh Antigen
Inherited in Mendelian fashion!
Medical issue: Rh- mother and Rh+ fetus
Good News...
Rho(D) Globulin Treatment
("RhoGAM")
This lady has the sweetest voice ever.. I'm expecting her to say she made cookies for me at the end of the video or something. Very helpful!! Thank you!!
Christine Albatal hhhhhhhhhhhhh agree 😅
Not cookies -- donuts, of course! ;-)
Lmfaoooooooo
😊🙏🏼
When your voice says your destined to be a sweet little grandma
Why can't my lecturers sound this kind and enthused 😂 so good.
Awww... thank you so much! Glad you found it helpful. And I'll let my vocal coach know! 😃
I'm so getting an A+ on my Bio final. In fact, it's even in my blood.
Avi : I give lot of women a positive oooo time cuz my blood go is O+
Avi that's my granddaughter name
Avi good one.
Avi lol 😂😂😂😂
@Brian Mino sounds like aids to me
You explained this better in a few minutes than I have understood in 2 weeks of study. THANK YOU!
I have had this explained to me 1,000 times by different professors, and I have always struggled with antigen vs antibody, and it's been so frustrating. You are the only who has explained this in a way that I can actually understand! Thank you!
Probably the BEST educating video. Education systems should follow similar concepts!
+Yasser Abood Wow! Thanks so much! You made this penguin blush.
@@Penguinprof do all gay people have the same blood type?
Discovered your videos today and binge-watched !
I am a 70 year old PhD and you have explained things
that I never understood, but just memorized !
Your deep understanding allows for an elegant and entertaining presentation.
I will recommend you to my grandchildren and my AARP friends as well.
"they have a little..depression"
me: "lol, same."
haha!
i was expecting someone to make a joke about that ha
me to girl me to
Right?? When they say depression is in the blood... they have no idea how right they are xD
thank you so much. i have a blood test tomorrow and was freaking out with all the crap i had to learn on top of this chart and you just made it soooo easy! THANK YOU! nursing school is so hard but people like you who make these videos make a major difference in helping me study
+Jarrod Pairgin Thanks for watching - I'm so glad to hear you found it helpful! Keep at it and GOOD LUCK!!!
"Look at him, he's so positive" xD Love your videos, Penguin Prof! Thank your for taking the time to help us out :) Have a wonderful day!
You have saved me with my human bio test! Thank you so much!!! It was very easy to understand, much more than the strange worksheets given in class. Thank you again!
Very helpful video. I teach middle school and blood typing is challenging for my students. This video will help. Thanks
This is right up there (if not better) with the best - Khan Academy, Bozeman Science, Crash Course... thanks for your amazing work!
I'm in my first year of grad school working towards my Family Nurse Practitioner degree and I love watching your videos. You make it so easy to understand! Keep it up!!
Thank you for watching! I plan to!!!
I’m not even from the medical field but this was so easy to follow and learn. Great job explaining the subject!
I'm so glad you let me know!
13:08 "He's so positive" 😂😂😂
Nice😂😂 dear
This analogy sounded so weird at first, but after watching I realize it was just *perfect*. Thank you so much :)
T'was just so impressive! The explanation, clarity of the video and your voice was just perfect!!! Thank you so much! It helped a lot!😄😄😄
I'm so glad to hear it! Thanks for watching!
Thank you so much for making videos that are simple yet very informative. It really helps me to understand difficult concepts while studying in nursing. ☺️ I like the way you explain. Thanks again❤️
THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOOOOOOUUU!!! I got so confused in Haematology class about blood grouping and you couldn't have cleared it up any better :)
Best analogy ever, donut with sprinkles .... Thank God we have teachers like you out there...
I love your lecture - you enthusiasm and up beat personality in your voice make it much more fun learn.
I never taught that I would understand blood typing until I stumbled upon your channel. After watching ur content, I subscribed straight up. God bless you.
This was an amazing video and I loved the donut analogy. They way you explained the material was very helpful.
In love with her voice!!! Thank you! Greetings from Argentina.
Great clarity, mnemonic, and tone! Loved this explanation :)
What a wonderful comparison.
+Skylar Adele (sky) Thanks so much - I'm glad you found it helpful.
Hi. Do you have additional resources for RH negative blood type? There seems to be very little info on the internet. Thank you!
This was awesome. I missed lecture on this topic and because I watched this video I don't feel lost at all. Very confident now. Thank you.
This video was provided by one of my professors in a medical program. It would very helpful for someone who has never learned about the ABO group before.
Actually i was checking all this information from several days but can’t find a good answer. After watching this video all of my doubts have cleared. Thank you
Thank You so much for making this so easy to understand!!! I love, love, love your video!!
Absolutely splendid. Had trouble with blood types, but after watching this everythig got crystal clear. Tomorrow I'm having physiology of blood exam and I think I'm ready. Thanks for the help :)
So happy to hear it! That's why I do this!! :) Hope the exam went well.
You have such a wonderful voice. It has the magical ability to cheer everyone up.
I had a hard time understanding my article critique assignment about RH negative blood. You really helped me understand the verbiage from my article. Good Job Thank You
Thank you so much!!!
My Instructor sent me the link to your video and I'm glad that she did. The reading material was confusing and now this makes it make sense. The video was very informative, helpful, and helpful. Thank You.
What a great video! I just understand something I heard when I was a child (my dad is Rh- and my mother was pregnant. They were checking the blood type of my little sister for knowing if that was her last pregnancy). GREAT GREAT GREAT CHANNEL!!
This was amazing! I loved learning more about my blood type, especially the ending because I am a pregnant lady with o negative blood conceiving a positive baby. Thank you...you kept me interested the whole way through!. :)
Adriana B did you get the shot? I got it with my first but there are lot of side effects of getting it too. I don't trust it
What was the baby’s blood type?
Thank you so much! I couldn't understand any of this during lecture & you just explained it to me in such a short amount of time, thank you❤️
I absolutely loves this video. Shes a great teacher! Keep me interested the entire time and made it relatable.
THANK YOU SO MUCH!! You are so clever and sweet and funny this are the moments when you enjoy learning, loved it, keep the donnuts and kitties flow up!!
Best prof on youtube!- sincerely a nursing student from one of canada's top universities
Thank you so much ma'am for making this so easy to understand, loved this! :)
Good job. smooth presentation with no interruptions. Splendid!!!
+amadu adams Thanks!!!
You are so nice and really good at explaining, thanks so much :)
You have beautiful voice. Very well explained - thanks!
Very well presented. The ABO group system could be hard to understand but you made it look real simple.Awesome. job!
love this! Now i have a clear understanding about blood typing... still a lil confuse about Rh antigen.
Amazing! I have my A&P exam next week and this was a great tool for understanding. And I loooooooove penguins. One thing I don't understand (still) is what role Rh has in blood groups? :O
Your are AMAZINGGGG. You made this topic for USMLE more easy to understand!! Thank you!!
Thank you very much for the clarity in your voice and explanation. Very informative and easy to follow along. Please make more videos especially regarding other science topics!!
You are so awesome. Loved this! Can you please make Anatomy and Physiology videos?
A. M. Ahmed Amen, to that!!!
Going from videos to videos to understand this concept after i learned it in class which it never made sense until I found this one simple and easy to understand. Thanks
Glad it helped! Thanks for letting me know!
woow I study ABO through past 10 years and always forget it but now with donuts example it stuck in my head , thank u very much
Have no need to know this stuff. Just find it really interesting and hard to stop watching. That's a good thing. Will be checking out your other videos.
This was an awesome way to remember the fast paced lecture I had last week! haha thank you!
+Cassie Mcvaney So glad you found it helpful. Donuts for everyone!!
The donut analogy works great! Never gonna forget this! Very interesting. Thank you!
Studying hard for my final! Pray that I get an A on my anatomy final !
Literally the most helpful teaching video I've ever watched. Thank you!
I actually enjoy learning when I am listening to you. Thank you.
Happy to hear that!
Watched this video 2 years ago, needed to refresh - play it ONCE and you get it!
Wish you had Micro videos :(
Needed your educating skills this semester :)
+Johana Zapata Wow - thanks for coming back! I'm not a microbiologist, sadly... sorry! But I've got Organic Chemistry on the way - if you or your peers are in need! :)
Sweet! Im sure I'll be watching since you make learning so easy and fun! thank you
+ThePenguinProf so do you have qualifications in biology or is this just what you have researched and uploaded off your own back?
Best description I've seen thus far. Thank you!
This is very well done. I'm taking my nursing national boards exam and I was looking for a visual refresher on blood and RH and this was great. :)
OH GOSH! This is the best video ever for understanding this! And her voice is so soothing thing and mellow about the whole thing! I came here freaking out about this paper I have to write about the inheritance of blood types and I feel so much more confident now.
Thank you!!!!
+Stacy McCarthy You've made this penguin blush! Thanks for the kind words - I'm so glad you found it helpful!
AW! You're very welcome! I'm re-watching the video to make sure I didn't miss anything, and wow! I wish you were my Bio professor! Thanks again!
I wanted to let you know that I received a 100 on my final paper and an A- on the class! THANK YOU SO MUCH AGAIN FOR YOUR VIDEOS!
+Stacy McCarthy Yippee!!!! That's awesome news! Congratulations! So glad I could help!!! :)
That was great!! Thank you so much! also its refreshing to have the teacher in the video sound enthusiastic about what theyre teaching, it helps me learn and retain the information. Youre awesome.
First time came across this channel and felt in love w the narrator's voice
Beautifully explained, makes sense when you break it down like this...especially into doughnuts :) Thank you very much!
so informative... Thank you
Q
Wow, far better explained than my textbooks ever could. Subscribed.
You are incredible. Your energy is very contagious and engaging.
Your doughnut analogy was SO easy to comprehend !!
Thank you so much !!!!!!
+Donnie Lloyd You are so welcome! Stay tuned - a PENGUIN CHAT video is going up this week with blood typing problems submitted by Penguin Prof subscribers!
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Thank You for sharing. This is absolutely helpful and interactive. Much Appreciated. :)
I agree with Hoxa Gens, the prof of this video made it perfect and pleasant!
This video is amazing!! The first women I've heard on youtube science channels! You sound so happy and nice and all the pictures have really got this ingrained in my memory. Thanks heaps and please keep making these videos!
Thank you so much for letting me know!!! I'm glad you found it helpful. I make as many videos as I can, but I'm a full-time professor, so my day job (and my own students) are always my priority...
two different teachers and done could have explain this as good as she did. thank you
I looked for this out of pure curiousity, and I really enjoyed this video.
Eaesily understandable, thankies :d
the sweetest voice , best educating video ,thank you so much
Very well present and ease to understand ( even for someone who has no medical background like me ). Thank you.
u hv explained beautifully...thank u sooo much... am wondering if you have a video on Bombay phenotype ?
I'm glad I found y channel I'm from Germany and didn't understand anything what my teacher said in her lessons 😂🙈but y video helped me to understand everything thank y very much 🤗💥
Btw :donuts and sprinkles are awesome 🍩
Mandè
I wish my biology teacher would explain topics in such a fun and interesting way...thank you so much!!!
I just saw donuts on thumbnail and I came here...
thank you, you're the best!! greetings from belgium
I cant tell how much I am glad I found your video! Thank you so much. It was very helpful!!
I had a hard time understanding this process until I watched this video...thank you so much!! Huggss!!
Awesome visuals and comparisons. Thank you!
THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU ! I am in first year bio in college and am stuck. But after your video I understand the concepts. THANK YOU !
Your lesson is so interesting and heartwarming! ☺️
Really fantastic video! I teach A and P in highschool and this backed up exactly what I taught..Smooth, to the point, and really great voice! thank you for an awesome video!
+Jim Trimingham I'm so glad you found it useful!!! Thanks for watching!
this lady is amazing.
Fantastic video!! So clear and provided the right depth of relevant information.
Your voice is really pleasant to the ears 😊😊. And Thank you for such awesome concepts. Stay blessed ☺ !!
Excellent video; but note that the Rhogam admistration times are usually 72 hours after delivery instead of before delivery.
i always had trouble understanding blood types and rh factor for years, this was a great video. thank you!!
You are most welcome!
Please Adriana reply now are an o - negative woman dat gave birth .I have a friend dat is passing a hard time 2 concerve with o- blood.
you voice is appealing for such videos . I learn from the cats and peas for my exams - thanks
+Me Thanks so much! I'm glad you found it helpful.
Thanks for the clarification.
I enjoyed this video and I learned a lot from it. It is clear & easy to understand.
very nice explanation , simple and concise !
You saved my life. I love you. I'm so gonna ace my final tomorrow. Thankyouu.
You sound so passionate about biology, i love it! Nice lesson as always, thank you!!
Glad you enjoy it!
Excellent video! One of the best by far! Thank you!