100% recommend talking to yourself while watching these videos if you know what he's on about. For example, before he subdivided hadrons into baryons and mesons, say it out loud that that's what he's about to do. It'll help you commit to memory and if you get it wrong, play the video and you'll be able to correct yourself.
Heads up at 29:35 mistake was made, interaction is through the weak not strong. strangeness is only conserved in the strong interaction. The reaction you described consisted of kaons decaying into particles that do not have any strange in them (pions have d anti up u anti down etc ). therefore it must be weak as there was no conservation.
Teacher should show a video like this for every lesson starting a topic. You are then revising as going through the actual lessons and if you have to do work near the start you won't be limited by knowledge gained many lessons later
I haven’t even gotten my GCSE results yet but I’m definitely taking physics as an A level. 7 weeks into the A level we’re visiting CERN. My teachers exact words to me today were “learn particle physics” so here I am.
I just wanted to thank you for these excellent videos. I just started my a-levels and your explanations are so easy to understand. I really appreciate all the time you've put into these, you're my go-to physics revision tool. I really can't thank you enough.
gauge bosons have different lines in Feynman diagrams. A vertual photon has a squiggle, a gluon looks like a spring and weak gluon bosons a dotted line.
True. However AQA only used the former in Feynman diagrams, which is why I omitted the others here. Seeing as though they've removed Feynman diagrams from the spec, I might fix this at some point.
I couldn't fully understand the difference between a pion and kaon before so for anyone like me, pions have an overall strangeness of 0 while kaons have a overall strangeness of +1 or -1 in other words always have a single strange or anti-strange quark. Pions can have a pair of a strange and an anti-strange quark but their strangeness cancels to zero still keeping their overall strangeness at 0. Also thought I should mention that strange and anti-strange quarks can have a strangeness of +1 or -1 if that wasn't already clear
Thanks a lot!! Your videos are very helpful for pre-uni revision. Since I come from outside the UK these lessons are perfect for covering the topics we don't study in my country!
I can now say, with a hypothesis significant level of 1%, that I passed my GCSEs with only youtube. I discarded myself from school as it would affect me literally not even the students the SCHOOL waking up early in the morning learning stuff half asleep getting 3s and 4s so I took a month off school I got fined once and a meeting with the school saying you're going to fail but hey I got an 8 in the end so if alls well it ends well:)))))))).
May I ask why conventionally the anti-neutrino should point in the oppposite direction? Also we were taught that we should indicate the direction of the W boson, is that unconventional?
Not gonna lie, you're pretty much the reason I understood the difference between hadrons and mesons and what on earth leptons are supposed to be. Thank you thank you thank you so much. (ps. Your voice is great. You could put up a video of you reading out the phonebook and I would still listen to you LOL)
Eden I’m in year 11 checking physics out do we have to remember the charges,lepton number, Muño lepton number for each fundamental particle or will they give it to us in the exam
LucTV ah dw man im sure you’ll be fine. Take it this way, Ive failed my mocks TWICE but im not gonna let my past dictate my future so im gonna pass the real thing so dw too much about the outcome of ur mocks because you’ll still have another year so another chance and make sure to just stay focused cos if u dont like me, then ur gonna panick! You’re intelligent enough to have chosen the subject so dont let ur self doubt get in the way! Thank you and good luck to u too!
A particle that is not made up of any other sub particles. For example an electron is not made up of anything else therefore it is a lepton. However a proton is made up of quarks so it is a hadron rather than a lepton
Thanks. Starting college in a few weeks and I want to get some stuff down now. Chances are I'm going to forget half of this but that's not your fault. You explained it really well and right now I understand it. Should make things easier for me later on. Cheers
Really an important and useful lecture for. Thank you so much for explaining this stuff even without the animation so well. I have already subscribed the channel for more particle physics lectures.
Thank you for that brief and detailed explanation on particle physics. I have a question tho. Isn't the charge of electron negative 1.6x10^-19 ? Because you didn't take the negative sign into consideration when you were calculating the specific charge.
if 1 of the particles in any interaction is a lepton, even if the lepton is the product, the interaction is via the weak? and if all of particles in an interaction are hadrons, the interaction is via the strong force?
I'm a teacher taking this in my school...I haven't studied physics for 18 years and I'm trying to learn the whole syllabus in 2 days! I need some good thots. I think this might be the only section I'm good with...
My Model For The First Events in the Beginning of the Universe. (From left to right) 1. Singularity before the Big Bang was eternal photons. 2. Big Bang was a release of photon energy. 3. Photons through pair conversion, created space time; and both the fundamental particles and first atoms of hydrogen and helium. 4. The universe temperature continued to drop until the annihilation phase when all free electrons (e-) and positrons (e+) not in atoms, began to annihilate and turn into pure energy. 5. This massive universe wide conversion of mass to energy caused the inflation phase. This model suggests my answers to these physics questions. Q. What was the singularity that started the Big Bang? A. Eternal photons outside of space and time. Q. Where did the anti matter go? A. It went into the protons and neutrons. Protons have 2 positrons and one electron. Neutrons have 1 proton and one electron. Q. Why did inflation happen? A. When the temperature fell low enough, free electrons and positrons annihilated in a universal wide explosion of energy that created the inflation period.
@@ScienceShorts They led to everything in this Universe The PARTICLE TRAIN! Previously I suggested that eternal photons made electron positron pairs, (as well as all standard model particles). Here's how. Start with a PARTICLE TRAIN, each time you add an electron or positron car to the train, you get a new particle. The only rule is the cars have to alternate from electron to positron. Think of a wave with trough always alternating with crest. Photons as electron positron pairs could make the main parts of an atom in the brief time after the Big Bang under those extreme and never repeated conditions. Charges are the cars on our particle train. Positive positron (+), Negative electron (-). Positron (+) Electron (-) Photon (+) (-) Proton (+) (-) (+) Anti Proton (-) (+) (-) Neutron (+) (-) (+) (-) Anti Neutron (-) (+) (-)(+) . The PROTONS and NEUTRONS are made from ELECTRONS and POSITRONS! When this production of particles was over, most anti particles with charge; positrons, and anti protons, didn't exist on their own. They were LOCKED INTO PROTONS OR NEUTRONS. That way conservation of charge was maintained. That also explains the MISSING ANTI MATTER PROBLEM! [Neutrinos? Dont know.] This from Wikipedia article Matter Creation: It is possible to create all fundamental particles in the standard model, including quarks, leptons and bosons using photons of varying energies above some minimum threshold, whether directly (by pair production), or by decay of the intermediate particle (such as a W− boson decaying to form an electron and an electron-antineutrino). Summary Here are the key components of all my physics posts. Photons are eternal and outside of time and distance. The singularity of photons began the Big Bang. Photons created mass through electron positron pairs in the Big Bang. These electrons and positrons made the elementary particles which in turn made the atoms. Neutrons and hydrogen atoms may be the same thing in different form. The proton neutron bond in the nucleus, kept neutrons from decay and was key to building all elements. The key to atoms stability may be the deuterium nucleus or deuteron that help binds one proton to one neutron. The missing anti matter is in protons and neutrons. Photons, electrons, and positrons, are all different versions of the same thing. The mass of the universe comes from photons converting to electron positron pairs in pair conversion. The energy of the universe comes from electrons and positrons annihilating and converting to photons. The force from the Big Bang singularity was photons / dark energy / dark matter /anti gravity . They are the same. The force from acceleration is anti gravity, not gravity. The universe is open ended.
Hi, I was wondering if you can allow us to add subtitles to your videos, my friend who comes from China can't really react as fast and understand your video immediately, I believe adding subtitles will greatly help some of your viewers to understand physics more :) Also, the videos are VERY helpful, thank you for the content
@@ScienceShorts I did a bit of research just now, Google seemed to have removed this feature not so long ago(end of September 2020), I think the only way now is to do it the old fashion way, which is to type the subtitles in a txt file and then upload the file to the video since we can not edit ur video directly. I can happily volunteer to do this in my free time and send it to u via discord or email, you can also ask on discord if anyone is willing to help, the file should be in .srt, and this file can be create via notepad aka .txt, then change the file name to .srt, I hope this is not overly complicated :)
NEW VERSION: ruclips.net/video/Fmhh9eBniPA/видео.html
you summed a lot of things in a relatively very short video without missing much of practical details ,Well Done !!!
A bit late but if theres any small details missed, list it in your comment so we can learn even more!
Goddammit I shouldn't have taken AS Physics but I'm here and I'm desperate and I'm glad this video has helped me more than my teachers all year
what did you get? plz tell me as i might drop next week!!!!!!
@@calteckk did you drop?
@@majestictable8098 nah. But I got a U in my first exam
@@calteckk
Same, first test i got 20% but i revised my ass off and i think i got an A on the test i did today.
hah got A in the end of the year exam in year 12 , came back after summer holidays , mock on AS physics cant remember a thing )))))))))))))
It is currently 1am - and you are saving my physics a level. Thank you you legend
@@amirfayed5579
I'm 5 months late - that was posted in September, not exactly leaving it to the last minute
100% recommend talking to yourself while watching these videos if you know what he's on about. For example, before he subdivided hadrons into baryons and mesons, say it out loud that that's what he's about to do. It'll help you commit to memory and if you get it wrong, play the video and you'll be able to correct yourself.
That's sounds like a really good idea thanks
Heads up at 29:35 mistake was made, interaction is through the weak not strong. strangeness is only conserved in the strong interaction. The reaction you described consisted of kaons decaying into particles that do not have any strange in them (pions have d anti up u anti down etc ). therefore it must be weak as there was no conservation.
Thanks, good teachers are worth their weight in gold.
I guess ill just take a few kilos of gold to jupiter and voila youve been scammed. More weight=/= more mass
*Annhilation.*
Annihilation
Annihilation
Annihilation
Annihilation
Annihilation
Im so glad i found this Channel at the beginning of my Alevels instead of at the end!
I found it a year ago but only using it now after iv failed mocks
Teacher should show a video like this for every lesson starting a topic. You are then revising as going through the actual lessons and if you have to do work near the start you won't be limited by knowledge gained many lessons later
This has to be one of the best physics channels!
I haven’t even gotten my GCSE results yet but I’m definitely taking physics as an A level. 7 weeks into the A level we’re visiting CERN. My teachers exact words to me today were “learn particle physics” so here I am.
What did u get for ur gcse and A level results
9:40 (Just so I dont forget where I left off)
15:20
20:40
24:42
+LucasPS4Gaming How mean would it be if I deleted this...
Smart
FINALLY FINISHED IT LOOL AFTER 2 MONTHS
Counter intuitive panda uui
why not watch it in one go? or... store the times on your own computer??
i can't believe how lucky we are to have such amazing free content! Thank you so much
I just wanted to thank you for these excellent videos. I just started my a-levels and your explanations are so easy to understand. I really appreciate all the time you've put into these, you're my go-to physics revision tool. I really can't thank you enough.
You must be in uni now so tell me how did you do in physics
@@ftbl_d1381 Hey yes, I'm in uni - did well enough in physics to get into medicine ;)
@@Mnnytxh what was your grade tho
Why did I just discover this channel ?? My A level Physics Exam (Edexcel New Spec) is Thursday .
Christina CatLover Unit 4? Cuz same 😂
Shirangi Leo Idk my paper is just called Paper 1 not sure what unit 😂
Mine too, Paper 1 hype
10 months late but how did it go?
snapchat?
A
M
A
Z
I
N
G
I’m learning this for my trip to CERN!
gauge bosons have different lines in Feynman diagrams. A vertual photon has a squiggle, a gluon looks like a spring and weak gluon bosons a dotted line.
True. However AQA only used the former in Feynman diagrams, which is why I omitted the others here. Seeing as though they've removed Feynman diagrams from the spec, I might fix this at some point.
Science Shorts thanks for explaining 👍
I couldn't fully understand the difference between a pion and kaon before so for anyone like me, pions have an overall strangeness of 0 while kaons have a overall strangeness of +1 or -1 in other words always have a single strange or anti-strange quark.
Pions can have a pair of a strange and an anti-strange quark but their strangeness cancels to zero still keeping their overall strangeness at 0.
Also thought I should mention that strange and anti-strange quarks can have a strangeness of +1 or -1 if that wasn't already clear
Richard Feynman 'still around' ~ died in 1988
...in our hearts?
Of course
always fam always
oof
This is so helpful thank you so much! Needed this recap for my exam tomorrow 😭
Thanks a lot!! Your videos are very helpful for pre-uni revision. Since I come from outside the UK these lessons are perfect for covering the topics we don't study in my country!
Thanks so much your explanations are great to understand 👍
I watched this because I want to make research work on particle physics...indeed excellent and very helpful video..thanks for it
could you please make a video on astrophysics?
it would be a great help for me as i am having exam this may.
I know how you could satisfie your subscriber, even more, you could provide the documents you have written as a pdf in the description.
Indubitable
Thanks so much for this, it's really helpful especially for the oct/nov students.
I enjoyed the PHYSICS. That's what needed...keep updating new videos😃👍
This is great video! Will be very useful over the next 2 years thanks
Leonardo when you doing A levels
If I keep watching these I'll officially be able to say I passed an exam because of RUclips
I can now say, with a hypothesis significant level of 1%, that I passed my GCSEs with only youtube. I discarded myself from school as it would affect me literally not even the students the SCHOOL waking up early in the morning learning stuff half asleep getting 3s and 4s so I took a month off school I got fined once and a meeting with the school saying you're going to fail but hey I got an 8 in the end so if alls well it ends well:)))))))).
Did you? I'm trying my best to self-study 😬
Thanks alot for these videos. I watched them late but atleast I have my physics p1 left so they'll help me alot now 😊
So much for science shorts.
Jokes aside, really useful, thank you.
I'm thinking about renaming the channel Science 3/4 Lengths.
May I ask why conventionally the anti-neutrino should point in the oppposite direction? Also we were taught that we should indicate the direction of the W boson, is that unconventional?
Thanks for all the videos, finally finished a levels physics today, been a seriously great help
Not gonna lie, you're pretty much the reason I understood the difference between hadrons and mesons and what on earth leptons are supposed to be. Thank you thank you thank you so much. (ps. Your voice is great. You could put up a video of you reading out the phonebook and I would still listen to you LOL)
Katerina Niar lol
dude ur an amazing teacher!!💯👍
Amazing video thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I dont know what id do without you sir!
Thanks for this resource, really helped out during these times :)
Eden I’m in year 11 checking physics out do we have to remember the charges,lepton number, Muño lepton number for each fundamental particle or will they give it to us in the exam
My paper 1 is days away and this video has made me feel 'stronger'!!
your mock or real one?
LucTV real one mate wish me luck! 😬😂
ah unlucky man i ahve my mock tomorrow and im failing so bad :(
@@f1ibraaa good luck mate
LucTV ah dw man im sure you’ll be fine. Take it this way, Ive failed my mocks TWICE but im not gonna let my past dictate my future so im gonna pass the real thing so dw too much about the outcome of ur mocks because you’ll still have another year so another chance and make sure to just stay focused cos if u dont like me, then ur gonna panick! You’re intelligent enough to have chosen the subject so dont let ur self doubt get in the way! Thank you and good luck to u too!
What does a Lepton represent? Just finished my Gcses and i really love physics. Your vids helped me a lot! Keep it up!
A particle that is not made up of any other sub particles. For example an electron is not made up of anything else therefore it is a lepton. However a proton is made up of quarks so it is a hadron rather than a lepton
Thanks. Starting college in a few weeks and I want to get some stuff down now. Chances are I'm going to forget half of this but that's not your fault. You explained it really well and right now I understand it.
Should make things easier for me later on. Cheers
Did you remember more than half of it?
@@shaaravguha3760
Not really. I know more now but not sure how much from the video
Thank you so much for this. I’ve been struggling to understand particles for the longest times. I’m so glad I clicked on your video. THANKS AGAIN!!!
Science shorts: "make up of quarks"
Comments section: "MADE!!"
Quarks and stufffff
Last video before I head off to my paper 1 exam today!
Really an important and useful lecture for. Thank you so much for explaining this stuff even without the animation so well.
I have already subscribed the channel for more particle physics lectures.
Really helpful intro to the topic. Great editing too! Thanks for the video
yes i agree, this video is very good
Very Very HELPFUL ! That helped me a lot
Thank you so much I finally understand this topic 😭❤️
19:05 nice editing. Nearly didn't notice it
21:00 I took my headset off trying wondering why there was a car driving like that near my house
??????
You explained this so clearly thank you!
18:57 nice save
Thank you for that brief and detailed explanation on particle physics. I have a question tho. Isn't the charge of electron negative 1.6x10^-19 ? Because you didn't take the negative sign into consideration when you were calculating the specific charge.
He did.
1.6x10^-19/10^-31=1.6x10^12
When dividing with powers the powers subtract - 19--31=12
@@curseofgladstone4981 i think they meant -1.6 x 10^-19
this guy is freaking amazing
wow! this was super helpful for my particle physics course! Thank you very much ~😊
This is a great video. Very helpful. Is there any way to print the actual slides/notes?
This was a great explanation, thanks a lot for this
He had me in the first half, not gonna lie
You are a God send!
if 1 of the particles in any interaction is a lepton, even if the lepton is the product, the interaction is via the weak?
and if all of particles in an interaction are hadrons, the interaction is via the strong force?
Good luck for Monday pepes
im scared at how un stressed i am
@@tompowell8190 ik what u mean
Thanks bro, I'm scared, not sure if it's possible to finish within tha t time
@@blaireriedel5335 you've totally got this! Just stay calm and read up as much as you can! 💕✌️
I'm a teacher taking this in my school...I haven't studied physics for 18 years and I'm trying to learn the whole syllabus in 2 days! I need some good thots. I think this might be the only section I'm good with...
W vid, I have my paper 1 mock tomorrow
and i'm back with my actual paper 1 in 2 weeks ahhhh
OMG THANK YOU SO MUCH MAN... YOU SAVED MY LIFE MAN
keep up the good work, i really appreciate it
he is better than all my physics teachers combined
Strong nuclear force 22:00
Lol i cant believe I actually needed this comment 1 year later😆😆😆
Amazingly explained.
Every1 here is glad for the existence of this person. We all regret taking A lvl physics (it’s worse cuz I don have math)
great video as always sir! highly appreciate your efforts
I understood everything he just said in one go. I am a science lover.
Sciento Aballerati you think you do but you don’t trust me.
good one
These are great!
i learn so much better through your videos:) Thank you!
this was helpful not going to lie thanks for the video
Found out this channel and subscribed after watching this video
Could you do a video on forces and energy in springs?
Hooke's Law coming next week :)
hey. btw specific charge of electron is negative :)
i dont get what strangness is
pretty strange that u dont
my favourite channel you life saver !
Love it. Thanks for your time for free.
Thanks very much , honestly you are the best.
My Model For The First Events in the Beginning of the Universe.
(From left to right)
1. Singularity before the Big Bang was eternal photons.
2. Big Bang was a release of photon energy.
3. Photons through pair conversion, created space time; and both the fundamental particles and first atoms of hydrogen and helium.
4. The universe temperature continued to drop until the annihilation phase when all free electrons (e-) and positrons (e+) not in atoms, began to annihilate and turn into pure energy.
5. This massive universe wide conversion of mass to energy caused the inflation phase.
This model suggests my answers to these physics questions.
Q. What was the singularity that started the Big Bang?
A. Eternal photons outside of space and time.
Q. Where did the anti matter go?
A. It went into the protons and neutrons. Protons have 2 positrons and one electron. Neutrons have 1 proton and one electron.
Q. Why did inflation happen?
A. When the temperature fell low enough, free electrons and positrons annihilated in a universal wide explosion of energy that created the inflation period.
"Eternal photons" that led to consciousness?
@@ScienceShorts They led to everything in this Universe
The PARTICLE TRAIN! Previously I suggested that eternal photons made electron positron pairs,
(as well as all standard model particles). Here's how.
Start with a PARTICLE TRAIN, each time you add an electron or positron car to the train, you get a new particle.
The only rule is the cars have to alternate from electron to positron. Think of a wave with trough always alternating with crest.
Photons as electron positron pairs could make the main parts of an atom in the brief time after the Big Bang under those extreme and never repeated conditions.
Charges are the cars on our particle train.
Positive positron (+),
Negative electron (-).
Positron (+)
Electron (-)
Photon (+) (-)
Proton (+) (-) (+) Anti Proton (-) (+) (-)
Neutron (+) (-) (+) (-) Anti Neutron (-) (+) (-)(+) .
The PROTONS and NEUTRONS are made from
ELECTRONS and POSITRONS!
When this production of particles was over, most anti particles with charge; positrons, and anti protons, didn't exist on their own. They were LOCKED INTO PROTONS OR NEUTRONS. That way conservation of charge was maintained. That also explains the MISSING ANTI MATTER PROBLEM!
[Neutrinos? Dont know.]
This from Wikipedia article Matter Creation:
It is possible to create all fundamental particles in the standard model, including quarks, leptons and bosons using photons of varying energies above some minimum threshold, whether directly (by pair production), or by decay of the intermediate particle (such as a W− boson decaying to form an electron and an electron-antineutrino).
Summary
Here are the key components of all my physics posts.
Photons are eternal and outside of time and distance.
The singularity of photons began the Big Bang.
Photons created mass through electron positron pairs in the Big Bang.
These electrons and positrons made the elementary particles which in turn made the atoms.
Neutrons and hydrogen atoms may be the same thing in different form.
The proton neutron bond in the nucleus, kept neutrons from decay and was key to building all elements.
The key to atoms stability may be the deuterium nucleus or deuteron that help binds one proton to one neutron.
The missing anti matter is in protons and neutrons.
Photons, electrons, and positrons, are all different versions of the same thing.
The mass of the universe comes from photons converting to electron positron pairs in pair conversion. The energy of the universe comes from electrons and positrons annihilating and converting to photons.
The force from the Big Bang singularity was photons / dark energy / dark matter /anti gravity . They are the same.
The force from acceleration is anti gravity, not gravity.
The universe is open ended.
Choo choo
it's currently 1am and i am currently crying laughing and dying at 6:19
I really do love this channel!
I probably misheard, did you say Richard Feynman is still around (5 years ago). I thought he died in 1988?
thanks a million!
Is this the whole of particle physics including the photoelectric effect
yay mock test tomorrow. 12am. im saved
I have a question, what happens to the potential difference in a parallel circuit containing branches with components of different resistances?
At 31:41, why would the lepton number for the muon be -1 and not +1. Isn't -1 only for antileptons?
nice more on particle physics.
Oooh, I love this! Keep it up, man! :D
Are kions the only strange particles that you need to know?
yeah, I think so.
so can a reaction still happen if the strangeness isnt conserved?
Yes, but only if weak.
This video is so so useful thank you!!
Hi, I was wondering if you can allow us to add subtitles to your videos, my friend who comes from China can't really react as fast and understand your video immediately, I believe adding subtitles will greatly help some of your viewers to understand physics more :)
Also, the videos are VERY helpful, thank you for the content
Great idea! Not up to speed on how to do that - any advice?
@@ScienceShorts I did a bit of research just now, Google seemed to have removed this feature not so long ago(end of September 2020), I think the only way now is to do it the old fashion way, which is to type the subtitles in a txt file and then upload the file to the video since we can not edit ur video directly. I can happily volunteer to do this in my free time and send it to u via discord or email, you can also ask on discord if anyone is willing to help, the file should be in .srt, and this file can be create via notepad aka .txt, then change the file name to .srt, I hope this is not overly complicated :)
All I'm saying, go to 17:55, first off look at the time stamp, then play the audio
Thank you so much sir . Very helpful
So this basically goes through most of the topic in section one right?
21:08 so I can remember where I was ignore
ngl i would find this interesting if i could take the time to understand it and not rush because my teacher cant teach