The roman kiln of Les Clouzeaux - Operation

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CLOUZEAUX TUILERIE
The Clouzeaux tile factory, in the Vendée, is a remarkable discovery. This site, excavated by Inrap (D. Séris), has yielded remains characteristic of Roman workshops in Northern Gaul, which allow us to understand the organization of construction and that of production.
CLOUZEAUX OVEN
The remains of three different ovens, operated successively between the first half of the 1st and the beginning of the 2nd century AD. J.-C., were discovered on the site of Clouzeaux. They are identical in design and can be considered, in modern terminology, as “standing” ovens.
The hall where the tegulae (tiles) intended to complete their drying were stored, consisted of a wooden building 20 m long and 6.5 m wide, of which only the holes for anchoring the supporting posts to the ground were discovered.
The first two ovens, rectangular in shape, are modest in size. The third oven, square, is larger: 12.5 m2 of surface area, for nearly 45 m3 of usable volume. The production capacity of this kiln can be estimated at 5,900 tiles per firing, which corresponds to a roof of 400 m2.
The annual production capacity of the largest Clouzeaux kiln was 35,000 tiles, or about 2,300 m2 of roofing. Compared to the average surface of an ordinary villa, the workshop was therefore capable of covering the equivalent of two to three villas per year.
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TERRA INCOGNITA EXHIBITION - BRICKS & TILES, BUILDING MATERIAL(S)
Production and content: Le Chronographe, Inrap, La Ville de Couëron, 2017
Scientific advice: Jean-François Nauleau, Inrap.
3D modeling: Fabien Sanz-Pascual, Inrap.
Graphic design: Les Designers graphiques
Design and production: MAZEDIA
All rights reserved: Le Chronographe, Nantes Métropole, 2017