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Eugene ..... well presented for physics newbies such as myself ..... i also enjoyed that all of the space travelers were "hot chicks" .... nice touch ...... yeah yeah yeah ..... i'm a butt head lol seriously ........ i enjoy the channel
Eugene Khutoryansky Do you think that it is possible for all three solutions (Open, Closed, Flat) to all independently coexist in a multi-verse? Our "local" Universe is looking pretty flat, but I think if it fits Friedman-Walker et al...it probably exists. I realize we cannot ever know the answer to that question, but my personal belief is that it's true.
You deserve the title of Richard Feynman for an online educational channel. The perfect combination of animation, physics, philosophy, and excellent illustration has made you one of my favorite channels on RUclips, EugeneKhutoryansky.
Awesome explanation!!! That lady's voice is sooo soft and mellow, that you can almost chew and taste her words. Very elocuent and easy to understand. Congrats!!!
Those space chicks were bored shitless with each other after 300 years but they know they have to keep cruising around the universe together... f o r e v e r . . . .
don't worry, forever is a time loooooog enough to allow the particles in side the spaceship come together and form a dildo just by their stochastic movement
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I was having a group project, and my computer automatically started playing this part loud volume lol 2:18. I didn't notice it until everyone was just staring at me, since I was wearing noise cancel headphones lmao. But I love your videos though, this is one of my favorite videos, and I've probably watched this atleast 4 times already?
Love this channel. Seriously, the visuals are good. The voice over is easy to listen to, and I also like having the subtitles on the screen. However, that music is extremely distracting. Maybe lowering it or putting on a different track such as a gamma wave binaural beat, something that helps the viewer stay focused. Other than that, i love this channel, keep up the fantastic work. :)
Don't be shy Eugene, and go further. Please try to make a video explaining how the decoherence on quantum level occurs. Something about quantum vacuum fluctuations would be great as well. I'm sure you understand it pretty well. Definitely one of the best explainers here on youtube. Everything is so clear. Just a pure scientific essence of our reality.
please keep making more videos!! I am really enjoying them :D i like how sometimes you pause which lets me think about what you have said and visualise it.
joey jojo jnr Yes, lots more videos are coming. I am glad you enjoy them. And I am glad to hear that you like the pauses, as this is something that some people sometimes complain about.
Eugene your videos are eye opening and leave the mind thinking about the subject for days...Thanks for educating so many people with such wonderful illustrations and easy to understand language and analogies.
Thanks for the compliment. Though, I thought that my most complicated animations were in the video on Thermodynamics, with all the moving particles that had to interact with one another. Making the animations for the video up above was much simpler by comparison. But, I am glad you liked it, and yes more videos are coming. Thanks.
Eugene Khutoryansky This might not be as complicated, but I really like the details of the starship and the people :) You state that "If the density of the universe is high enough, space-time can completely curve into itself to form a closed universe." As the "sphere" is expanding, the energy density decreases, right? Would that imply that a closed universe eventually will become an open one? (provided it does expand obviously) In that case, since a finite number of stars and galaxies existed within the closed universe, the number of stars/galaxies in an open one must be finite as well. And since the stars/galaxies in our own flat expanding universe is finite, the energy density must also decrease and turn it into an open one. Is that inevitable or am I completely wrong?
Håkon Skjold Whether the Universe is open, closed, or flat depends on the ratio of the density of the universe to a parameter called the “critical density”. Although the density of the Universe is decreasing with the expansion of the Universe, the “critical density” is also decreasing with time. As a result, a closed Universe can never turn into an open Universe, even though its density decreases with time.
Great video once more. You're always able to take out the essence but still be quitte educational (at least, for me as a high school student ^^ ). Awesome visualisation!
Something I've always wondered is why do we assume that the universe is expanding when we observe red-shifted galaxies in general? If two galaxies are in separate regions of contracting space then observers in each would observe the other as red-shifted. Relatively, they could conclude that the space between their own galaxy and the distant galaxy is expanding and that this appears true for the universe in general. But rather than one big expansion caused by a yet unclear force, why could it not instead be many points of contraction associated with a less mysterious force: gravity? Wouldn't both options produce the same observation of red-shift bias?
Shamino Ranger because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.
Shamino Ranger because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.
So the theory of a closed universe, the only way that could be possible is if you were to travel in a slight angle, like going around the world. it feels like you are going straight, when in the reality you are actually going in a slight curve, meaning that you would eventually return to the same area you started. but then again if the universe is like a planet (a sphere) what would be outside of that sphere?
i think our universe is "close universe" like a balloon, there are other universes out there. we can travel to another universe through 4th dimension of space. imagine an ant live on a balloon, he thinks that he can only move forward, backward, right, left. but he can jump to the other balloon through 3rd dimension (up and down)
aghaanantyab the latest measurements by cosmologists indicate that we live in a flat universe with a 96.4% certainty if I remember correctly. But as stated in the video we could be looking at a very small portion that looks flat to us.
aghaanantyab The 4th dimension is time. If moving through time means that you can move between universes, then we are constantly travelling through universes.
Great Great Great!!! Thanks Eugene! Another perfect video from you! I look forward to your other science videos! Also your animations have improved A LOT!!! Thanks again!
Okay. I dont typically comment. However, in my efforts at finding lucidly explained videos over physical concepts finding fruition here, I can recommend these videos by this uploader to perhaps be as good as they may come anywhere else. I gained a lot in that you repeat concepts often, that help with reinforcement.
That brings some questions to my mind: It would seem that even in an open or closed universe, if the universe is expanding, then what is it expanding into, and furthermore, what is beyond this universe? You illustrated the universe as a sphere and the blackness around it was to illustrate the position of the universe in relation to space, hmm, so what is that blackness? If we live in a flat universe, then what would happen if it were possible to flip this universe upside down, would all the laws be inverse functions? Then, it appears as though, there is another possibility, the universe is all there is, and drawing anything outside of the sphere or plane of the universe is just pretentious. Still, what is the volume beyond the universe that the universe is expanding into? Though, I suppose we could negate this possibility if we assumed that an outside volume just does not exist until the universe creates it!
There is another view, that is: Space itself is appearing (being "created") between particles...the cause?: Dark energy...dark matter...? Nobody knows what is out there creating space...from "nothing".
I think Universe is infinite and there is no start. That big bang was just a part of creation, everything was there before big bang...some kind of consciousness, you can call it god, i dont know. I think universe dont have start and end, its so hard to imagine.
Midnight Light If the big bang was the part of the creation THEN THERE WILL ALSO BE A PART OF DESTRUCTION OF WHOLE UNIVERSE AND LIFE. WE MAY FIND THE PART OF DESTRUCTION AT TIME OF "DESTRUCTION".WHAT DO YOU THINK +Eugene Khutoryansky
rayan tahir Of course, the Universe going die out, that itsnt any secret, any physicist knows it. The Universe is expanding but at the same time its getting "colder",and diing.
Living in a finite universe poses paradoxes like, what happened before it or what's beyond the edge? But a universe spacially and temporally infinite takes care of these problems. We probably live in an infinite universe.
This videos are just amazing. Eugene, earth needs more people like you! I love your channel. I however, would love to be able to show it to my parents and other people that do not speak English. Is there anyway I can add subtitles here in youtube so that other people that speak only Spanish would understand? Regards
Question: Since we do not know now if the universe is flat, how will we ever know? Since the only way (it seems from the video) to know if the universe if flat or not, is to observe it from a larger perspective; aren't we limited? Even if we could move at the speed of light, we would still need an incredibly massive distance to observe the universe; maybe so large that it isn't feasible. And with space expanding, won't even our ability to see be diminished over time?
Love your videos and the way you explain things so I can wrap my head around some wild and crazy stuff. Mucho appreciado. But I have to say the choice of music sometimes is...kinda grates my last good nerve. For real, tune it back and tone it down maybe a notch or two. Not trying to be a d**k but had to say it. Anyway, again, for real thanks for all the work and all the videos, for real!
Brilliant, easy to understand and not boring also (that is hard to find these 3 come together in one). Eugene you can build a website and start a community. Im sure there are lot of people who want to help and make it bigger. I am one of them too :)
Found here another piece of gold in your video collection. What is the correct explanation of a Relativity viewpoint Seems-to-paradox: (Not classic twin “Paradox” I hope - Since there is no Paradox in the classic Twins’) One accelerating toward a distant planet with the exact momentum to match the expansion of the universe? Now the two twins will be at rest relative to each other. Even though one twin is accelerating and not traveling as much through time as her distant twin plus her close neighbors, now left behind? What am I missing here? Thanks for these amazing videos. This channel is my first and for now, the only Patreon channel here.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Thanks for answer. I have watched your Twin "Paradox" video a couple of times. It's good. I'm thinking, that what I'm missing so my thought situation is not a paradox is: Only from one of the distant two observers, they are at rest to each other. One person accelerating away towards a distant galaxy (Let's say) to only be at rest to this galaxy, due to expansion of the universe, doesn't mean she is at rest from the point of view of the observer in the distant galaxy. Edit: My first can't hold up.. Can it be explained by General Theory of Relativity? By considering the accelerating one in accelerated orbit around another, then look at the gravitational waves?
I am not sure I understand your question. If you are asking about what happens if their acceleration is only due to the expansion of space, then they will never meet again to compare clocks. Two observers don't need to agree on which of them has aged more, until they meet again to compare their clocks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Oh, I fell into this kind of universal time comparison again! Once upon a time I understood Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Now I have studied it more. Thanks for your answers! Need to watch the last part of your video about Bell’s inequality again I think.
Brilliance spawns brilliance just as the universe expands (they say now it's retracting, but I digress) so does my mind thanks to intelligent individuals such as yourself. I am in debt to you for the knowledge gained. Namaste.
Hey, nice video Eugene. I've something to say... Since the space is expanding, the density of the universe is decreasing, hence even if our UNIVERSE is a sphere, it will eventually become flat and then hyperbolic(saddle shape). Am I right?!?🤔🤔🤔
No, if we live in a universe shaped like a sphere, then it will stay shaped like a sphere, and will not later become flat or like a saddle. This is because a finite universe can't suddenly be transformed into an infinite universe. I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
also nice comment. It implyfies that vast majority of people will never have to deal with such problems in their short lives.... But still it is fascinating and captivating isnt it?
Maybe universe-sphere is expanding because density drops while galaxies draw away and galaxies draw away because universe is expanding which explains exponential expantion
if space expands faster than light can travel, does that mean that particles themselves will disintegrate since the forces that bind them together also travel at the speed of light?
Could you please put together a playlist for the music your videos use, or just list them somewhere? I like the songs, but don't know where to find them on their own.
What I don't understand is that initially (after the Big Bang), why does the idea of gravity (pull due to density) seem to be ignored when talking about the expansion of the universe? The vid states that only the area in between the universes are expanding but don't the universes themselves have enough density (at least initially) to keep the expansion from happening?
+EugeneKhutoryansky there are too important things to consider, which are missing in the video however these are strongly relate to the subject. The only way to approximate infinite space we know so far is closed space, for example - surface of a ball or surface of a torus. Stephen Hawking suggests that if you could live eternally and travel at relativistic speed, you could fly in a straight line till you came back to where you started. According to the latest researches our universe do has boundaries - the redshifted light waves or gravitational field boundaries. Can't explain it here in details, thats too much to write in the comment, but you could research on it if you are interested.
those classical representations are so misleading, thanks for your efforts but they just add confusion. Just represent the curvature of spacetime as it is, i.e. a 3D space sucked by masses, so easy and clarifying. Thanks Eugene, you do a really good job
I have a question. you say that the expansion sped is greater than the speed of ligth, but you can't compare velocitys in diferent tangent spaces since two different points posses a different tangent space in which the corresponding velocity live. why you say that? or am I getting wrong something?
All kingdoms have a law given; 37 And there are many kingdoms; for there is no space in the which there is no kingdom; and there is no kingdom in which there is no space, either a greater or a lesser kingdom.
You said 'the expansion does not overpower the gravitational bond of stars in the same universe' but as the expansion speeds up, won't it start to overpower gravity? and perhaps it eventually tear atoms apart because it overpowered electromagnetic force.
Only if it happens to accelerate at a much faster rate. At our current rate of acceleration, no but if that gets higher, in other words in the same amount of time not only has the speed increased but also the acceleration(so to think of it another way, the third derivative of position, called jerk stays constant while the second derivative goes up, in other words acceleration(which is change in speed) is linear, not constant) we will get the big rip where everything is stripped into elementary particles. On the other hand, if there actually is much more dark matter than we think there is, than again acceleration might change but in the opposite direction causing gravitational collapse of the entire universe. This could lead to a cycle of big bang, expansion, and gravitational collapse.
would like an explanation as to why a high density universe causes it to be closed and spherical and a low density universe causes an open, saddle shaped universe
Thanks for the compliment. I already have many videos on General Relativity. Below are just two examples: My main video on Relativity: ruclips.net/video/ev9zrt__lec/видео.html My video on Einstein's Field Equations: ruclips.net/video/UfThVvBWZxM/видео.html
Wow! Great video!!! I just have one question: If our universe is infinite, how is it possible to exist multiverses? Imagine all the universes are in an infinitely large floor. If all universes are finite, there could be infinite universes because all of them could fit in the floor. But if the universes are infinite (like in an open universe), how can all universes fit in the floor? After thinking about this, I guessed that, if the floor is infinite, the universes could still be infinite because an infinite number of infinite universes occupies an infinite distance. And if the floor is infinite, there could still be enough space to fit all universes. Is that conclusion correct? The analogy to a floor makes sense? Thanks!
It is the singularity ((finite point idea) or big bang idea that bothers me that is this implies that something can be finite and infinite at the same time???
David Adler Interesting thoughts, the problem I have with your floor analogy is that it implies that all universes would occupy the same general space. And a universe occupying infinite volume doesn't seem to make room for a "neighbouring" universe. The only way I can see to make it work is to introduce a 4th spatial dimension, or a "meta space" which is also itself spatially infinite. In your analogy, that would look like an infinite stack of floors or "shelves", each being occupied with a distinct infinite "flat" universe. That way each universe can still be spatially infinite without crowding out another spatially infinite universe. Personally I don't know if I believe in a 4th spatial dimension or even a multiverse, I don't see any evidence for either. In terms of what the most plausible version of a multiverse would be though, I would think that would be infinite 3D space, occupied by _finite_ 3D bubble universes. Though personally, a single spatially infinite 3D universe is what seems to make the most sense without introducing exotic stuff like extra dimensions and curvature. In all honesty though... who knows? As an aside, does anyone know what a curved "saddle-shaped" universe would even look like from our vantage point? As in, how would the curve manifest itself visually, if we were to compare it directly to a flat universe?
xemy101 Good point! I never considered including a 4th dimension in my idea! At first, I thought the same as you: that it's impossible to have more than one infinite universe on a floor, but after some thinking, I am not sure... If the floor is infinite, there could still be an infinite number of infinite universes! I found a good example: lets compare to numbers! How many numbers there are in between 0 and 1? Infinite! But how many numbers there are in between 0 and 10? Also infinite! But "0 to 1" is smaller than "0 to 10"... So _infinite_ can be included in another _infinite_ (I hope you understood... it is very difficult to explain :p)! So, in my analogy, I would say that the infinite floor is like the numbers "0 to 10" and the infinite universes are like the numbers "0 to 1". Many infinite universes can still fit in the infinite floor! What do you think about my conclusion?
I think that the big bag theory depends on the red shift theory. What if over long distance, the faster, blue light fraction of visible light tends to disburse in all directions while the red fraction remains more linear so there is no time space shift? What if the energy of the greater universe that exists beyond the speed of light condensed into time space energy and matter as we know it? Something certainly existed before the big bang if their was one. Also if there was in fact one big bang there certainly were and will be more. What's more is if an equilateral triangle is bent, it is no loner an equilateral triangle. Space, just as numbers containing no biggest number, contains no limit; there is no limit to the length of an imaginary line. So if there is some sort of supposed saddle or sphere shape of a finite universe in theory, the observers of the imaginary straight line can compensate for such things and the line will continue infinitely. I have said for several decades that space being infinite is still just space and space is not everything. Thank you for making this video Eugene and Kira.
+Ananta Sesa das Well the average or background temperature of the universe is 2.7 degrees above absolute zero so it is not a perfect vacuum for one. So to travel from the edge of out atmosphere for several billion light years would mean passing through quite a bit of mass. For two there is some reason that it is easier to make a red laser that a blue laser. You don't have to know the answer exactly to come to the conclusion that there are no all inclusive theories in an infinite universe. Thank you for asking, most people do not bother and if they do they just parrot what they have been told without even a thought or mind experiment.
Hello,awesome video!! nice job :) I need to ask something though,how is it possible to violate the euclidian geometry with a sphere when the euclidian geometry apply only on flat surfaces?
alez zanik A two dimensional being living on the surface of the sphere wouldn't necessarily start out knowing that the surface is not flat. Therefore, if he started applying Euclidean geometry, he may eventually run into problems.
drunkinmaster1 The music at about 4 minutes into the video is a remix of background music from the video game Phantasy Star II. The remix was made by NekoPrism. The other song in this video (the one at the beginning at the end) is another remix made by NekoPrism from a different video game.
I thought that sounded familiar. Seemed to fit the theme nicely. Your quantum mechanics video rocks as well. I've seen the Dr. Quantum videos already, but enjoyed how yours went deeper into detail about the particle rotation. Too bad we never had these illustrations in school.
The infinity of the Universe is supposed to mean the energy (in both life force and inanimate forms), time and space (of these three fundamental elements) infinitely, in all directions. Otherwise, it will create never-ending questions and issues involved, like what the other side will be; what makes them different from each other.
If we live in a closed universe, could the universe flip open all of a sudden due to the expansion of space and thereby the density decreasing? Maybe connecting to some neighbouring part of the universe which is otherwise closed off from us
Thanks for your effort. Even though I am not able to contribute financially, I feel gratitude and immense sense of appreciation and love and respect to you :)
The red shift indicates that the galaxies are moving away from each other, and the amount of red shift from each galaxy indicates the rate at which it is moving away from us. The fact that the expansion is increasing was determined by examining the red shift in the spectra of supernova explosions in distant galaxies, and comparing the amount of red shift with the distance away from us. The supernova explosions that were further away represented how the universe was further back in time, due to the fact that it took a longer amount of time for the light to reach us.
if u say that universe is infinite than lets say that it is not infiniti but there should be something beyond that if we draw a circle on apaper and say that its the universe than there is the paper in which we have drawn the circle and there is a surrounding atmosphere around the paper and the atmosphere,is say a table than there is a surface on which the table has been placed. it never ends!
+Valdemar Højlund But the universe is not open. It started from the big bang, which itself was contained inside something, and then expanded into what we NOW call the " universe". The question is what was there BEFORE the big bang?
@@iBOXRIVER (I know, I'm too late, but.. ) "Before Big Bang" isn't correct. Not because of "There were no time 'before big bang'". Big Bang was the birth moment for causality. Every event happend before Big Bang doesn't influence on any event after Big Bang. It's just no matter. But hell, it is interesting to know what was before, but... We can only make our guesses. Even if we are Laplaces Demons. [₽] _[₽] Everything I just said is just a theory. Very sad, but unproved theory. It is one of the 'guesses' of scientists, I previously mentioned. (Sorry for my clumsy English)
I wonder if light can only go at a finite speed could it be possible that the CMB is only limited due to the limits on how fast light can travel ?🤔is the cosmos really that infinite?🤔I wonder maybe their was a Big Bang in this sector and maybe in another 😐maybe the universe has constant life cycles 😐? Maybe the death of a universe will give rize to a new?😐maybe the cosmos really be infinite?😐but not the universe?
It is a remix of music from the 1990 video game Phantasy Start II. This remix is made by Nekoprism. If you type "Nekoprism" into Google, you can find his website.
If BOB was traveling at half the speed of light and SUE was also traveling at half the speed of light, but in exactly the oposite direction, would they experience the same observations as if BOB was stationary and sue was traveling at the full speed of light?
interesting how the condition of a "closed universe" is that the density of the universe is high enough that the space closes in on itself... much like a black hole.
Wonderful video. I never quite understood the case were the Universe is shaped like a saddle. Where does the endings of a saddle go? If they just continue as an asymptote wouldn't it make the saddle point a unike point? Or is this just taking the anology too far?
Does expanding space (more space to consume) mean expanding time (more time to consume)? Or do we see the expanding universe due to the slower time we see on far away galaxies?
Interesting subject and, as always, very enjoyable to watch. Is there a reason you assume that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic? Without that assumption there should be much more possibilities.
That's strange. How could the idea of the flat Universe correlate with recognized 3D space, which we're observing around? Isn't it supposed to be a 2D then? However, I would also add to the equation a possible holographic nature of the Universe, which is quite an interesting perspective, too.
Just take a look at the atoms, they are circular, cells are circular, and the earth is circular taking that into account and that can lead to the belief in a circular universe or the thory of the orange shaped universe with continous expansion and contraction
What the progeny of man,animal & plant look like ? It's obvious.So also we can understand the shape of the universe assuming the atoms,planets &stars to be it's progeny!
If the universe was an infinite, open system, the universe would have no shape. But all shapes would be contained in it because having a shape would imply that it's bounded when in fact its infinite from all directions at every point in space.
When events happen in the future, we intuitively say they didn't happen yet. But when events happen now, but far away, say a light-year from here, we intuitively say they did already happen but we can't observe then yet. But why should this be the case? Why treat space different than time? Can't all events happening outside the causality cone simply not have happened yet as if they are in the future, whether they are unobservable to us is because of time or space? In that case, assuming there is something outside of the observable universe, is like saying the future already exists but we didn't observe it yet. I think we can conclude: the universe is not bigger than the observable part.
at 7.12 it states the only space expanding is between galaxies. I don't agree with this statement, I think all space everywhere including the spaces inside atoms are expanding but the objects themselves stay where they are. Space expanding and the galaxies moving away from each other could be two different phenomenon. I would appreciate some feedback
Expansion means higher length between two objects, as one object depends of another to say it is farther, there is not point saying spaces inside atoms are expanding (even if they are) as they keep a constant length with other objects. For example: if the spaces inside atoms are expanding that will means their particles also are becoming bigger as time go by, other way protons and electrons will be so far away one of another that at some point they won't bind together. and from our perspective they will be becoming smaller.
Light is electromagnetic radiation, therefore, lightspeed represents the finite speed at which information can travel. It is the cosmic speed limit as far as we can tell.
Can a closed universe become an open universe given time? If this is true, what would this event look like? Based on this, would the age of a given universe determine its shape? (Assuming a multi-verse), Could these universe ever run into each other? Would this crashing into of universes only happen in an open universe?
Hi Eugene, your videos are definitevely clear and helpful in understanding Reality! What about choosing a more elegant music? In my opinion the beauty and harmony of the content should be supported by good vibrations, more than such noise..Anyway, you're doing a very good job!
What speaks against a flat universe containing a finite volume and a finite number of galaxies? A cube may be closed into a torus in six dimensions with its intrinsic geometry remaining flat. It is often argued that no fourth spatial dimension needed to close space into a hypersphere as its topology is just an intrinsic property. In the same way one could argue that a flat universe could be closed into itself intrinsically.
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I like the space travelers' reaction when they find that they live in a closed Universe.
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What do you use to animate?
I use a program called "Poser" from Smith Micro.
Eugene ..... well presented for physics newbies such as myself ..... i also enjoyed that all of the space travelers were "hot chicks" .... nice touch ...... yeah yeah yeah ..... i'm a butt head lol
seriously ........ i enjoy the channel
Ugh feminazi you just asked for a double standard.._. Just enjoy the content..
Eugene Khutoryansky Do you think that it is possible for all three solutions (Open, Closed, Flat) to all independently coexist in a multi-verse? Our "local" Universe is looking pretty flat, but I think if it fits Friedman-Walker et al...it probably exists. I realize we cannot ever know the answer to that question, but my personal belief is that it's true.
You deserve the title of Richard Feynman for an online educational channel. The perfect combination of animation, physics, philosophy, and excellent illustration has made you one of my favorite channels on RUclips, EugeneKhutoryansky.
Thanks for the compliments!!!
Awesome explanation!!! That lady's voice is sooo soft and mellow, that you can almost chew and taste her words. Very elocuent and easy to understand. Congrats!!!
Thanks.
I love how you explain difficult substances in simple terms. It is truly a talent! Great job, keep going!
Thanks for the compliment. Yes, I plan to keep going and make lots more videos.
Those space chicks were bored shitless with each other after 300 years but they know they have to keep cruising around the universe together... f o r e v e r . . . .
don't worry, forever is a time loooooog enough to allow the particles in side the spaceship come together and form a dildo just by their stochastic movement
Those women don't look flat to me!
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Thanks.
I was having a group project, and my computer automatically started playing this part loud volume lol 2:18. I didn't notice it until everyone was just staring at me, since I was wearing noise cancel headphones lmao.
But I love your videos though, this is one of my favorite videos, and I've probably watched this atleast 4 times already?
I am glad you like my videos. Thanks. Sorry about sudden increase in the volume of the music.
This is such a cool channel!
I guess the man making these video is Albert Einstien himself. I mean look at the imagination put in these videos. I am the big fan of this channel.
Where can I join this space mission crew?
kutta
You missed the take off.
Hey, whats the name of thr cartoon character on your profile?
Love this channel. Seriously, the visuals are good. The voice over is easy to listen to, and I also like having the subtitles on the screen. However, that music is extremely distracting. Maybe lowering it or putting on a different track such as a gamma wave binaural beat, something that helps the viewer stay focused. Other than that, i love this channel, keep up the fantastic work. :)
Don't be shy Eugene, and go further. Please try to make a video explaining how the decoherence on quantum level occurs. Something about quantum vacuum fluctuations would be great as well. I'm sure you understand it pretty well. Definitely one of the best explainers here on youtube. Everything is so clear. Just a pure scientific essence of our reality.
Best video I have seen explaining the shape and size of the Universe.
Ragnar Thorarensen Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
please keep making more videos!! I am really enjoying them :D i like how sometimes you pause which lets me think about what you have said and visualise it.
joey jojo jnr Yes, lots more videos are coming. I am glad you enjoy them. And I am glad to hear that you like the pauses, as this is something that some people sometimes complain about.
Eugene your videos are eye opening and leave the mind thinking about the subject for days...Thanks for educating so many people with such wonderful illustrations and easy to understand language and analogies.
very good videos. thank you for your effort.
Thanks. I am glad that you like my videos.
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky no, no, Thank You, *High Five
Very good infornation miss.Greetings from sweden
Mindblowing work as always! I can tell your animation skills are improving for each upload as well. Keep them coming, Eugene :)
Thanks for the compliment. Though, I thought that my most complicated animations were in the video on Thermodynamics, with all the moving particles that had to interact with one another. Making the animations for the video up above was much simpler by comparison. But, I am glad you liked it, and yes more videos are coming. Thanks.
Eugene Khutoryansky This might not be as complicated, but I really like the details of the starship and the people :)
You state that "If the density of the universe is high enough, space-time can completely curve into itself to form a closed universe."
As the "sphere" is expanding, the energy density decreases, right? Would that imply that a closed universe eventually will become an open one? (provided it does expand obviously) In that case, since a finite number of stars and galaxies existed within the closed universe, the number of stars/galaxies in an open one must be finite as well.
And since the stars/galaxies in our own flat expanding universe is finite, the energy density must also decrease and turn it into an open one. Is that inevitable or am I completely wrong?
Håkon Skjold Whether the Universe is open, closed, or flat depends on the ratio of the density of the universe to a parameter called the “critical density”. Although the density of the Universe is decreasing with the expansion of the Universe, the “critical density” is also decreasing with time. As a result, a closed Universe can never turn into an open Universe, even though its density decreases with time.
I love the reaction at 2:08 🤣 detail deserves a sub 🤙🏼
I need to take a month off work and sit at home watch your vids . You r just simply amazing. any time i watch any of your vids i feel chill . Thanks
+babak plus, Thanks. I am glad that you like my videos.
Great video once more. You're always able to take out the essence but still be quitte educational (at least, for me as a high school student ^^ ). Awesome visualisation!
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
I know how this comment is apparent but this video simplifies the theory down yet keeps the information well done
Dar atenção aos brasileiros é incrivel, não pare
I love your videos so much, great combination of physics and animation. Thank you!
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you like them.
Hi I've seen your comments today 7years after you've commented . I'm from future. Writing this to you not of present you but you 7 yrs ago. 😂😂
Something I've always wondered is why do we assume that the universe is expanding when we observe red-shifted galaxies in general? If two galaxies are in separate regions of contracting space then observers in each would observe the other as red-shifted. Relatively, they could conclude that the space between their own galaxy and the distant galaxy is expanding and that this appears true for the universe in general. But rather than one big expansion caused by a yet unclear force, why could it not instead be many points of contraction associated with a less mysterious force: gravity? Wouldn't both options produce the same observation of red-shift bias?
Shamino Ranger
because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.
Shamino Ranger
because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.
So the theory of a closed universe, the only way that could be possible is if you were to travel in a slight angle, like going around the world. it feels like you are going straight, when in the reality you are actually going in a slight curve, meaning that you would eventually return to the same area you started. but then again if the universe is like a planet (a sphere) what would be outside of that sphere?
Maybe doesn't exist an "outside"
i think our universe is "close universe" like a balloon, there are other universes out there. we can travel to another universe through 4th dimension of space. imagine an ant live on a balloon, he thinks that he can only move forward, backward, right, left. but he can jump to the other balloon through 3rd dimension (up and down)
aghaanantyab the latest measurements by cosmologists indicate that we live in a flat universe with a 96.4% certainty if I remember correctly. But as stated in the video we could be looking at a very small portion that looks flat to us.
aghaanantyab The 4th dimension is time. If moving through time means that you can move between universes, then we are constantly travelling through universes.
Thanks for your effort..
I like the music, the animation and also the accompanying text
I'm already looking forward to flat-universers
Great Great Great!!!
Thanks Eugene! Another perfect video from you! I look forward to your other science videos!
Also your animations have improved A LOT!!!
Thanks again!
Thanks for the compliment. New physics videos are coming soon.
Thank you Eugene! It is a pleasure to watch your videos!
Thanks. I am glad you like them.
Okay. I dont typically comment. However, in my efforts at finding lucidly explained videos over physical concepts finding fruition here, I can recommend these videos by this uploader to perhaps be as good as they may come anywhere else. I gained a lot in that you repeat concepts often, that help with reinforcement.
+Jj Bipod, thanks for the compliment about my videos. I am glad that you like them.
That brings some questions to my mind:
It would seem that even in an open or closed universe, if the universe is expanding, then what is it expanding into, and furthermore, what is beyond this universe? You illustrated the universe as a sphere and the blackness around it was to illustrate the position of the universe in relation to space, hmm, so what is that blackness?
If we live in a flat universe, then what would happen if it were possible to flip this universe upside down, would all the laws be inverse functions?
Then, it appears as though, there is another possibility, the universe is all there is, and drawing anything outside of the sphere or plane of the universe is just pretentious. Still, what is the volume beyond the universe that the universe is expanding into? Though, I suppose we could negate this possibility if we assumed that an outside volume just does not exist until the universe creates it!
There is another view, that is: Space itself is appearing (being "created") between particles...the cause?: Dark energy...dark matter...?
Nobody knows what is out there creating space...from "nothing".
I think Universe is infinite and there is no start. That big bang was just a part of creation, everything was there before big bang...some kind of consciousness, you can call it god, i dont know. I think universe dont have start and end, its so hard to imagine.
Midnight Light If the big bang was the part of the creation THEN THERE WILL ALSO BE A PART OF DESTRUCTION OF WHOLE UNIVERSE AND LIFE. WE MAY FIND THE PART OF DESTRUCTION AT TIME OF "DESTRUCTION".WHAT DO YOU THINK +Eugene Khutoryansky
rayan tahir
Of course, the Universe going die out, that itsnt any secret, any physicist knows it.
The Universe is expanding but at the same time its getting "colder",and diing.
rayan tahir Of course, everything should get back to the Source . This is just my world view
I absolutely love your videos! I'm so much looking forward to more!
Thanks. More physics videos are coming soon.
To fear (not: to shun) God is the beginning of wisdom.
great illustrations! really lets me get a better concept and understanding of a possibly infinite universe.
Loved your channel
Wow. I appreciate your work. this was much awesome as your past videos too.
Living in a finite universe poses paradoxes like, what happened before it or what's beyond the edge? But a universe spacially and temporally infinite takes care of these problems. We probably live in an infinite universe.
This videos are just amazing. Eugene, earth needs more people like you! I love your channel. I however, would love to be able to show it to my parents and other people that do not speak English. Is there anyway I can add subtitles here in youtube so that other people that speak only Spanish would understand? Regards
The best of the best explanation and visualization!
Question: Since we do not know now if the universe is flat, how will we ever know?
Since the only way (it seems from the video) to know if the universe if flat or not, is to observe it from a larger perspective; aren't we limited? Even if we could move at the speed of light, we would still need an incredibly massive distance to observe the universe; maybe so large that it isn't feasible. And with space expanding, won't even our ability to see be diminished over time?
I love these videos, it goes from scary existential music to party music from 2002!
Love your videos and the way you explain things so I can wrap my head around some wild and crazy stuff. Mucho appreciado. But I have to say the choice of music sometimes is...kinda grates my last good nerve. For real, tune it back and tone it down maybe a notch or two. Not trying to be a d**k but had to say it. Anyway, again, for real thanks for all the work and all the videos, for real!
Brilliant, easy to understand and not boring also (that is hard to find these 3 come together in one). Eugene you can build a website and start a community. Im sure there are lot of people who want to help and make it bigger. I am one of them too :)
Found here another piece of gold in your video collection.
What is the correct explanation of a Relativity viewpoint Seems-to-paradox: (Not classic twin “Paradox” I hope - Since there is no Paradox in the classic Twins’)
One accelerating toward a distant planet with the exact momentum to match the expansion of the universe?
Now the two twins will be at rest relative to each other. Even though one twin is accelerating and not traveling as much through time as her distant twin plus her close neighbors, now left behind?
What am I missing here?
Thanks for these amazing videos. This channel is my first and for now, the only Patreon channel here.
I have a video titled "Twin Paradox in General Relativity" at ruclips.net/video/bjHLboK2M1g/видео.html
Thanks again for your support!!!
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Thanks for answer. I have watched your Twin "Paradox" video a couple of times. It's good.
I'm thinking, that what I'm missing so my thought situation is not a paradox is:
Only from one of the distant two observers, they are at rest to each other. One person accelerating away towards a distant galaxy (Let's say) to only be at rest to this galaxy, due to expansion of the universe, doesn't mean she is at rest from the point of view of the observer in the distant galaxy.
Edit: My first can't hold up..
Can it be explained by General Theory of Relativity?
By considering the accelerating one in accelerated orbit around another, then look at the gravitational waves?
I am not sure I understand your question. If you are asking about what happens if their acceleration is only due to the expansion of space, then they will never meet again to compare clocks. Two observers don't need to agree on which of them has aged more, until they meet again to compare their clocks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Oh, I fell into this kind of universal time comparison again!
Once upon a time I understood Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Now I have studied it more.
Thanks for your answers!
Need to watch the last part of your video about Bell’s inequality again I think.
No mention about the "Critical Mass" thing and how it might affect the expansion of the universe in the future according to its shape, though?
Brilliance spawns brilliance just as the universe expands (they say now it's retracting, but I digress) so does my mind thanks to intelligent individuals such as yourself. I am in debt to you for the knowledge gained. Namaste.
Hey, nice video Eugene.
I've something to say...
Since the space is expanding, the density of the universe is decreasing, hence even if our UNIVERSE is a sphere, it will eventually become flat and then hyperbolic(saddle shape).
Am I right?!?🤔🤔🤔
No, if we live in a universe shaped like a sphere, then it will stay shaped like a sphere, and will not later become flat or like a saddle. This is because a finite universe can't suddenly be transformed into an infinite universe. I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
We don't live in a universe, we live in a society
also nice comment. It implyfies that vast majority of people will never have to deal with such problems in their short lives.... But still it is fascinating and captivating isnt it?
Perfect. Voted and subscribed.
Thanks.
A closed universe would make this observable universe a mere quark in the overall size of existence.
Top 10 You Tube channel of all time right here :)
Thanks for the compliment.
Maybe universe-sphere is expanding because density drops while galaxies draw away and galaxies draw away because universe is expanding which explains exponential expantion
if space expands faster than light can travel, does that mean that particles themselves will disintegrate since the forces that bind them together also travel at the speed of light?
Could you please put together a playlist for the music your videos use, or just list them somewhere? I like the songs, but don't know where to find them on their own.
The music for this video was made by Nekoprism. You can find his website by typing "Nekoprism" into Google. Thanks.
What I don't understand is that initially (after the Big Bang), why does the idea of gravity (pull due to density) seem to be ignored when talking about the expansion of the universe? The vid states that only the area in between the universes are expanding but don't the universes themselves have enough density (at least initially) to keep the expansion from happening?
+EugeneKhutoryansky there are too important things to consider, which are missing in the video however these are strongly relate to the subject. The only way to approximate infinite space we know so far is closed space, for example - surface of a ball or surface of a torus. Stephen Hawking suggests that if you could live eternally and travel at relativistic speed, you could fly in a straight line till you came back to where you started. According to the latest researches our universe do has boundaries - the redshifted light waves or gravitational field boundaries. Can't explain it here in details, thats too much to write in the comment, but you could research on it if you are interested.
those classical representations are so misleading, thanks for your efforts but they just add confusion. Just represent the curvature of spacetime as it is, i.e. a 3D space sucked by masses, so easy and clarifying. Thanks Eugene, you do a really good job
I have a question. you say that the expansion sped is greater than the speed of ligth, but you can't compare velocitys in diferent tangent spaces since two different points posses a different tangent space in which the corresponding velocity live. why you say that? or am I getting wrong something?
Hey what's the music towards the end of this video? Have subscribed too. Love this type of format
Hey,awesome animation video helped me alot!
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
All kingdoms have a law given;
37 And there are many kingdoms; for there is no space in the which there is no kingdom; and there is no kingdom in which there is no space, either a greater or a lesser kingdom.
You said 'the expansion does not overpower the gravitational bond of stars in the same universe' but as the expansion speeds up, won't it start to overpower gravity?
and perhaps it eventually tear atoms apart because it overpowered electromagnetic force.
Only if it happens to accelerate at a much faster rate. At our current rate of acceleration, no but if that gets higher, in other words in the same amount of time not only has the speed increased but also the acceleration(so to think of it another way, the third derivative of position, called jerk stays constant while the second derivative goes up, in other words acceleration(which is change in speed) is linear, not constant) we will get the big rip where everything is stripped into elementary particles. On the other hand, if there actually is much more dark matter than we think there is, than again acceleration might change but in the opposite direction causing gravitational collapse of the entire universe. This could lead to a cycle of big bang, expansion, and gravitational collapse.
would like an explanation as to why a high density universe causes it to be closed and spherical and a low density universe causes an open, saddle shaped universe
Thanks Mr Eugene. Wonderful set of videos.
Awesome.
You are King of animation..... None of the animations on RUclips can describe better than you... Please make video on general relativity....
Thanks for the compliment. I already have many videos on General Relativity. Below are just two examples:
My main video on Relativity: ruclips.net/video/ev9zrt__lec/видео.html
My video on Einstein's Field Equations: ruclips.net/video/UfThVvBWZxM/видео.html
Wow! Great video!!! I just have one question: If our universe is infinite, how is it possible to exist multiverses? Imagine all the universes are in an infinitely large floor. If all universes are finite, there could be infinite universes because all of them could fit in the floor. But if the universes are infinite (like in an open universe), how can all universes fit in the floor?
After thinking about this, I guessed that, if the floor is infinite, the universes could still be infinite because an infinite number of infinite universes occupies an infinite distance. And if the floor is infinite, there could still be enough space to fit all universes. Is that conclusion correct? The analogy to a floor makes sense?
Thanks!
Probably not how a scientist would explain it ;p but i think its pretty acurate
It is the singularity ((finite point idea) or big bang idea that bothers me that is this implies that something can be finite and infinite at the same time???
Well the big bang was just a name on a great expansion the universe did, and if you expand infinite,you still get infinite.
David Adler Interesting thoughts, the problem I have with your floor analogy is that it implies that all universes would occupy the same general space. And a universe occupying infinite volume doesn't seem to make room for a "neighbouring" universe. The only way I can see to make it work is to introduce a 4th spatial dimension, or a "meta space" which is also itself spatially infinite. In your analogy, that would look like an infinite stack of floors or "shelves", each being occupied with a distinct infinite "flat" universe. That way each universe can still be spatially infinite without crowding out another spatially infinite universe.
Personally I don't know if I believe in a 4th spatial dimension or even a multiverse, I don't see any evidence for either. In terms of what the most plausible version of a multiverse would be though, I would think that would be infinite 3D space, occupied by _finite_ 3D bubble universes. Though personally, a single spatially infinite 3D universe is what seems to make the most sense without introducing exotic stuff like extra dimensions and curvature. In all honesty though... who knows?
As an aside, does anyone know what a curved "saddle-shaped" universe would even look like from our vantage point? As in, how would the curve manifest itself visually, if we were to compare it directly to a flat universe?
xemy101 Good point! I never considered including a 4th dimension in my idea!
At first, I thought the same as you: that it's impossible to have more than one infinite universe on a floor, but after some thinking, I am not sure...
If the floor is infinite, there could still be an infinite number of infinite universes! I found a good example: lets compare to numbers! How many numbers there are in between 0 and 1? Infinite! But how many numbers there are in between 0 and 10? Also infinite! But "0 to 1" is smaller than "0 to 10"... So _infinite_ can be included in another _infinite_ (I hope you understood... it is very difficult to explain :p)!
So, in my analogy, I would say that the infinite floor is like the numbers "0 to 10" and the infinite universes are like the numbers "0 to 1". Many infinite universes can still fit in the infinite floor!
What do you think about my conclusion?
I think that the big bag theory depends on the red shift theory. What if over long distance, the faster, blue light fraction of visible light tends to disburse in all directions while the red fraction remains more linear so there is no time space shift? What if the energy of the greater universe that exists beyond the speed of light condensed into time space energy and matter as we know it? Something certainly existed before the big bang if their was one. Also if there was in fact one big bang there certainly were and will be more. What's more is if an equilateral triangle is bent, it is no loner an equilateral triangle. Space, just as numbers containing no biggest number, contains no limit; there is no limit to the length of an imaginary line. So if there is some sort of supposed saddle or sphere shape of a finite universe in theory, the observers of the imaginary straight line can compensate for such things and the line will continue infinitely. I have said for several decades that space being infinite is still just space and space is not everything. Thank you for making this video Eugene and Kira.
I don't know why blue light would disperse like it does in the atmosphere. There's no gas to spread it.
+Ananta Sesa das Well the average or background temperature of the universe is 2.7 degrees above absolute zero so it is not a perfect vacuum for one. So to travel from the edge of out atmosphere for several billion light years would mean passing through quite a bit of mass. For two there is some reason that it is easier to make a red laser that a blue laser. You don't have to know the answer exactly to come to the conclusion that there are no all inclusive theories in an infinite universe. Thank you for asking, most people do not bother and if they do they just parrot what they have been told without even a thought or mind experiment.
Hello,awesome video!! nice job :) I need to ask something though,how is it possible to violate the euclidian geometry with a sphere when the euclidian geometry apply only on flat surfaces?
alez zanik A two dimensional being living on the surface of the sphere wouldn't necessarily start out knowing that the surface is not flat. Therefore, if he started applying Euclidean geometry, he may eventually run into problems.
Awesome video! Where did you source your music from, particularly around the 4:00 mark?
drunkinmaster1 The music at about 4 minutes into the video is a remix of background music from the video game Phantasy Star II. The remix was made by NekoPrism. The other song in this video (the one at the beginning at the end) is another remix made by NekoPrism from a different video game.
I thought that sounded familiar. Seemed to fit the theme nicely.
Your quantum mechanics video rocks as well.
I've seen the Dr. Quantum videos already, but enjoyed how yours went deeper into detail about the particle rotation.
Too bad we never had these illustrations in school.
The narration reminds me of the old USA Network show NIGHTFIGHT that came on late Saturday night and early Sunday mornings...wayback in the 80's
The infinity of the Universe is supposed to mean the energy (in both life force and inanimate forms), time and space (of these three fundamental elements) infinitely, in all directions.
Otherwise, it will create never-ending questions and issues involved, like what the other side will be; what makes them different from each other.
This video deserves more views
Thanks.
If we live in a closed universe, could the universe flip open all of a sudden due to the expansion of space and thereby the density decreasing? Maybe connecting to some neighbouring part of the universe which is otherwise closed off from us
Thanks for your effort. Even though I am not able to contribute financially, I feel gratitude and immense sense of appreciation and love and respect to you :)
One of the girls seems so bored of space travel
When you see nothing but empty space for practically an eternity...
@@pronounjow But how can anyone bored🤔😑😑😑
Q: If there would be a redshift because of the distance, then galaxies that are moving away seem to move away with increasing speed?
Or not?
The red shift indicates that the galaxies are moving away from each other, and the amount of red shift from each galaxy indicates the rate at which it is moving away from us. The fact that the expansion is increasing was determined by examining the red shift in the spectra of supernova explosions in distant galaxies, and comparing the amount of red shift with the distance away from us. The supernova explosions that were further away represented how the universe was further back in time, due to the fact that it took a longer amount of time for the light to reach us.
if u say that universe is infinite than lets say that it is not infiniti but there should be something beyond that
if we draw a circle on apaper and say that its the universe than there is the paper in which we have drawn the circle
and there is a surrounding atmosphere around the paper and the atmosphere,is say a table than there is a surface
on which the table has been placed. it never ends!
I agree. The question of what the universe is contained in, is never awnsered.
+Valdemar Højlund But the universe is not open. It started from the big bang, which itself was contained inside something, and then expanded into what we NOW call the " universe". The question is what was there BEFORE the big bang?
@@iBOXRIVER (I know, I'm too late, but.. )
"Before Big Bang" isn't correct. Not because of "There were no time 'before big bang'".
Big Bang was the birth moment for causality. Every event happend before Big Bang doesn't influence on any event after Big Bang. It's just no matter. But hell, it is interesting to know what was before, but... We can only make our guesses. Even if we are Laplaces Demons. [₽] _[₽]
Everything I just said is just a theory. Very sad, but unproved theory. It is one of the 'guesses' of scientists, I previously mentioned.
(Sorry for my clumsy English)
I wonder if light can only go at a finite speed could it be possible that the CMB is only limited due to the limits on how fast light can travel ?🤔is the cosmos really that infinite?🤔I wonder maybe their was a Big Bang in this sector and maybe in another 😐maybe the universe has constant life cycles 😐? Maybe the death of a universe will give rize to a new?😐maybe the cosmos really be infinite?😐but not the universe?
The words expand my brain while that cheep music narrows it.
But the rate of expansion grows faster than the rate of narrowing
😕😕😕
How dare you. soundtracks are awesome
"Cheep?" Like the Automobile The Cheep Cherokee?
Deaf? Or bad taste in music..
Anyone know the name of the song played at 3:26?
It is a remix of music from the 1990 video game Phantasy Start II. This remix is made by Nekoprism. If you type "Nekoprism" into Google, you can find his website.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky thank you so much. Love your videos btw
Thanks.
Awesome video as always. You should be featured on Vsauce, that way you'd get the number of view these videos deserve!
If you know anything about how to get featured there, please let me know. Thanks.
Keep them coming, Eugene!
More videos are on the way. Thanks.
If BOB was traveling at half the speed of light and SUE was also traveling at half the speed of light, but in exactly the oposite direction, would they experience the same observations as if BOB was stationary and sue was traveling at the full speed of light?
interesting how the condition of a "closed universe" is that the density of the universe is high enough that the space closes in on itself...
much like a black hole.
Wonderful video. I never quite understood the case were the Universe is shaped like a saddle. Where does the endings of a saddle go? If they just continue as an asymptote wouldn't it make the saddle point a unike point?
Or is this just taking the anology too far?
Does expanding space (more space to consume) mean expanding time (more time to consume)? Or do we see the expanding universe due to the slower time we see on far away galaxies?
Interesting subject and, as always, very enjoyable to watch.
Is there a reason you assume that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic? Without that assumption there should be much more possibilities.
That's strange. How could the idea of the flat Universe correlate with recognized 3D space, which we're observing around? Isn't it supposed to be a 2D then? However, I would also add to the equation a possible holographic nature of the Universe, which is quite an interesting perspective, too.
Could you make a second video about paralelle universes for each model of universe ?
I like the music from 3mins 20secs. Is it from a game? Thanks for the vid :)
Just take a look at the atoms, they are circular, cells are circular, and the earth is circular taking that into account and that can lead to the belief in a circular universe or the thory of the orange shaped universe with continous expansion and contraction
What the progeny of man,animal & plant look like ? It's obvious.So also we can understand the shape of the universe assuming the atoms,planets &stars to be it's progeny!
If the universe was an infinite, open system, the universe would have no shape. But all shapes would be contained in it because having a shape would imply that it's bounded when in fact its infinite from all directions at every point in space.
When events happen in the future, we intuitively say they didn't happen yet. But when events happen now, but far away, say a light-year from here, we intuitively say they did already happen but we can't observe then yet.
But why should this be the case? Why treat space different than time? Can't all events happening outside the causality cone simply not have happened yet as if they are in the future, whether they are unobservable to us is because of time or space?
In that case, assuming there is something outside of the observable universe, is like saying the future already exists but we didn't observe it yet.
I think we can conclude: the universe is not bigger than the observable part.
at 7.12 it states the only space expanding is between galaxies. I don't agree with this statement, I think all space everywhere including the spaces inside atoms are expanding but the objects themselves stay where they are. Space expanding and the galaxies moving away from each other could be two different phenomenon. I would appreciate some feedback
well you are right but the effect is so small that it can be ignored also the forces keep it all together so it doesn't expand in practice.
Expansion means higher length between two objects, as one object depends of another to say it is farther, there is not point saying spaces inside atoms are expanding (even if they are) as they keep a constant length with other objects. For example: if the spaces inside atoms are expanding that will means their particles also are becoming bigger as time go by, other way protons and electrons will be so far away one of another that at some point they won't bind together. and from our perspective they will be becoming smaller.
Your efforts sees in your video.
i loved it. thanks for this beautiful presentation !!
Light is electromagnetic radiation, therefore, lightspeed represents the finite speed at which information can travel. It is the cosmic speed limit as far as we can tell.
Can a closed universe become an open universe given time? If this is true, what would this event look like? Based on this, would the age of a given universe determine its shape? (Assuming a multi-verse), Could these universe ever run into each other? Would this crashing into of universes only happen in an open universe?
+Triotrees, if a universe is closed it will always stay closed, and if a universe is open it will always stay open.
Hi Eugene, your videos are definitevely clear and helpful in understanding Reality! What about choosing a more elegant music? In my opinion the beauty and harmony of the content should be supported by good vibrations, more than such noise..Anyway, you're doing a very good job!
What speaks against a flat universe containing a finite volume and a finite number of galaxies? A cube may be closed into a torus in six dimensions with its intrinsic geometry remaining flat. It is often argued that no fourth spatial dimension needed to close
space into a hypersphere as its topology is just an intrinsic property. In the same way one could argue that a flat universe could be closed into itself intrinsically.
+Fid Rewe Interesting observations.