A Quite Variant Quran Page
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 10 сен 2024
- In this video, Dr. Brubaker introduces one page (8r) of MS.474.2003, a horizontal Qurʾan fragment whose home is the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha. Brubaker photographed this manuscript in person in 2015 as a Rice postdoctoral fellow.
The fragment at the MIA has 11 pages and is conservatively dated to the early 8th century. Some of its features may suggest a somewhat earlier date of production. The fragment is interesting because of the degree of its variance. Dr. Brubaker presented it in 2019 at the annual meeting of the International Quranic Studies Association (IQSA). These slides are a slightly enhanced portion of that paper presentation.
This page has four corrections that are shown here, and 8 additional places where it varies from the rasm of the Hafs standard. Some of the corrections, and perhaps some of the variants that remain, are or may be due to scribal error at first writing. Others, such as alternate words, raise interesting questions.
Two printed editions of this manuscript, one for a general readership and another for academic, are forthcoming from Brubaker. The first is titled "A Variant Quran: fragment MS.474.2003," for general readers, and will show in full color the features discussed here and the other details of all pages of this fragment. The second, more technical book, is in process for Brill's "Documenta Coranica" series.
The photograph of this page shown in this video was taken by Samar Kassab, and is used with the kind permission of the Museum of Islamic Art.
Hello friends. Please note the following corrections to the above video: 1) Around 11:40, the slide reads حوضهم rather than خوضهم as it should. 2) From 8:31, an incorrect portion of text exists in the slide before being rectified at 8:41. These will be minor distractions to most viewers, if noticed at all, but since I know there are some who are looking for anything to criticize, I wanted to acknowledge these upfront. I see no need to take down and re-post the video; so I just acknowledge them here. Thank you for understanding. DB
Hello Dr.. have you also taken account that the main preservation of the Quran is via memorization throught 7 dialects. So the manuscripts is more or less like memorization note rather than a final product. Just want to know what your opinion on this. Scribers error do occurs sometimes and you even mentioned without having another copy of the manuscript it is difficult to assess the errors.
Please pin this comment at the top so everybody can easily find it.
Pin this comment. Click the 3 dots next to your comment and click "pin"
Md Kamarussalihin Hj Shahrol Azman Then that manuscript should not be named a ‘manuscript’ in the museum, but just a note paper to help memorisation.
@@Md.Kamarussalihin Thank you for honoring me with this question. The answer is that I am open to considering all possibilities here, and always. I do not at the moment find the prospect of a text such as this, written on parchment, and clearly having been bound into a muṣḥaf, as being merely a memorization note with carelessness about the details such as alternate words, tenses, or other issues, to be intellectually satisfying. We might imagine such a thing, but this looks to me like something that was prepared for circulation, not as memorization notes. And further, if one wished to have a memorization note, then we might expect that what is written on the page would be very precise, so as to aide in precise and correct memorization. It does not, therefore, make sense to me that this would be a good explanation for what we see on this page. I do, however, remain ready to consider new information and happy for thoughtful discussion. Best to you, and I am thankful you are here. DB
This Channel is deserving of its rapidly growing popularity. God bless you.
Yes, it's only a week old and it already has more than 7000 subscribers.
It will get there. Most people probably don’t know. But yes it should be millions of viewers. God bless the channel ✊❤️
Thank you for this kind comment. DB
@@3cents3 Good Idea. Why haven't I already done that?
I agree guys,
For better discussion, here is a list of the details from Daniel Brubaker's video.
Slide 1:
MS.474.2003 (8r):"signs for you (plural) if you (plural) believe" versus Hafs Q6:99: "signs for a people who believe"
Slide 2 - inserted word:
MS.474.2003 (8r): bihi follows first occurrence of "fa-akhrajna," but inserted after second "fa-akhrajna." [unclear whether 3:43 slide of Hafs is pointing to the first or second occurrence of "from it" as we can see another occurrence to the left of the green boxed Arabic text. Brubaker or someone needs to explain this better.]
Slide 3 -missing script:
MS.474.2003 (8r): does not contain third person singular [translation and significance needed]
Hafs: contains third person singular "their fruit, when they bear"
Slide 4 - erasure:
MS.474.2003 (8r): 'alif erased changing "allah" to "lillahi" conforms to Hafs reading "to Allah." Allah as object (accusative form) not found anywhere in Quran.
Slide 5 different word:
MS.474.2003 (8r): yashrikun is written first. Then second scribe changes text but does not erase the extra letters.
Hafs: yashrifun?? [unclear what word is spoken by Brubaker. Writing all Arabic terms used would have been better.]
Slide 6 :
Hafs has one more tooth (short upwards stroke) than MS.474.2003 (8r) [discussion requested]
Slide 7 - Q6:106:
MS.474.2003 (8r): present continuous active voice - "that which he is revealing"
Hafs: present perfect passive voice - "that which has been revealed to you"
Slide 8 - Q6:107:
MS.474.2003 (8r): ashrakna - "Had Allah willed they would not have ascribed partners to Us"
Hafs: "Had Allah willed they would not have been polytheists."
Slide 9 - q6:107:
MS.474.2003 (8r): "a watcher over him/it ['alayhi]"
Hafs: "We have not appointed you a watcher over them ['alayhim]."
Slide 10 - q6:108:
MS.474.2003 (8r): 'alif
Hafs: no 'alif
Slide 11 - changes:
MS.474.2003 (8r): Q6:105 - 'alif inserted; Q6:106 - erasure, possibly a "waw"
Slide 12 - alternative word:
MS.474.2003 (8r): q6:110 - "plunged" as in Q6:91
Hafs: Q6:110 - "insolence"
Several theologically significant changes.
Lovingly done, thanks restnxist!
Fantastico👌👌
Thank you so much.
Great job mate. This makes the whole thing clear n easy to understand. Thanks
11 variances on 1 page is a red flag that there might be more. A red flag with a Moon on it to be exact.
ikr haha. Dr. Jay said Dr Daniel has found about 4K variant in his entire research. We are waiting for more.
haha nice one dude
@@worldchanger7197 hatun found 93, 000 variants.
@@borneandayak6725 Oh boy hahah
@@borneandayak6725 _93000 variants_
And she has scrutinized only 24 of the 37 arabic qurans so far. More to come!!!
Thank you for doing this! Many muslims may not know it - but you are actually the best friend they can have.
He is simply a liar . If you take this guy seriously you are foolish.
@@maxmudxareed1345 There are other scholarships going on. About the origins of Islam. And the historicity of muhammad!
@@exzoro8193 They're all quack and dishonest . Like Tom hollande.
Find your original text and come talk to us
You can get aroused by reading the song of songs
@@maxmudxareed1345 Tom Holland is a firm historicist. He believes muhammad existed. The scholarships I allude to say muhammad most likely never existed.
The Truth will set you free.
Truth about Quran well set muslims free.
Yes indeed it set us free..
@James Hall 9999999oo999o999ooop9o99o9oooo9o9o9o9oooo9ooooo9oo9ooooooobbb. Bbbbbbb bbbb.
@@greenzone7371 Take your pills.
@@Md.Kamarussalihin it do set you free because Jesus loves you... He want you to follow him.
@@jerryallright77 Yes we are following Jesus..
When i was a child.. My Father, Mother, Teacher, basically everyone always told me "the Qur'an is preserved by Allah himself, it never changed even by a single letter and this is a miracle."
I'm an adult now, have access to the internet, and it is not so much of a miracle.
@Adam Musthafa
At least in your video, some Muslim aknowlegde that there are many difference Quran variants/manuscripts... Conclusion: the miracle of preservation that was used to be claim is nothing. It was proven that the Quran manuscripts are human made.
@Adam Musthafa So you think there are just 7 different Qurans, and that the skeletal text is always the same. This is proven not to be true, and Muslims scholars have now openly acknowledged it. There are 37(!) Qurans and they differ in consonants (razm). Just watch these videos (and others on this channel) to start: ruclips.net/video/IM3P2id3Trw/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/ev1SXgwTxg4/видео.html
And here is a video and channel that will introduce you to all of the problems with the traditional history of Islam from the Hadith and Sirat. Did you know the terms Muhammad, Mecca, Islam and Muslim are nowhere to be found before the year 685AD (Mecca not even before 740!)? This, along with lots of other evidence, makes the idea that the Arab conquerors were Muslims simply impossible: ruclips.net/video/zyHQ2JeEj6U/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/Rl25urZTWYA/видео.html
The problems with the Quranic page in this video should definitely concern you as well. According to Islamic tradition, the Quran was compiled by Uthman in the 650's while burning all others, so all Qurans after that should be perfect copies. What we see is that all Quranic manuscripts from the 8th century are different from today's Quran, and each other!
Your parents and teacher didn't lie. They told you what their believe, not the fact.
@Adam Musthafa If your "standard narrative" rationale explains everything, what's Sheikh Yasir Qadhi all worked up about?
@Adam Musthafa Dr. Qadhi's admission that "the standard narrative... has holes," sounded pretty current to me. Are you suggesting that his furtive video exchange with Hijab was recorded ten years ago, and that in the time since then he figured it all out so that it is now "nothing new"?
Al-Lah preserves those Quran variants well...
to magentically attract trinitarians and Jews into unitarian Christ.
@Adam Musthafa That's a strawman argument. It's very old an has been refuted many times. Christians dont claim 1+1+1=1. You obviously don't understand what christians believe. In order for your logic or your equation to equivocate, there would have to be a time in which God existed as 3 separate Gods and then fused himself into 1 God. Christians don't believe God was ever separated, nor do christians worship Jesus, The holy spirit, and the Father as 3 separate Gods. Rather, Christians believe God has always existed as ONE triune being. Therefore the more accurate equation would be ,
1P+1P+1P= 1G
Or in its simplest form,
3P= 1G
Where P represents Personhood, and G represents Deity or Godliness
@@coog2011 funny how you name jesus and holy spirit and god then call them one😁
Why couldint you just say god?
Why do you have to name (them) in preyers and i know that you're religion calls for one god because it "was" islam and now it's corrupt
No offence btw and sorry for my bad text im on phone😁
@Adam Musthafa kiss your black stone and moon god, pagan!
@Adam Musthafa Arab paganism= Al-lah has 3 daughters and 1 black stone and 1 Kabbah
Islam paganism= Al-lah (moon god) has 1 black stone and 1 Kabbah
You are pagan as well, you just don't accept those 3 daughters
Incredible and important work. Whatever you do, never disable comments
Totally agree, but be warned Daniel, this is the motherload of Hornets nests that has been poked. The dialogue will be brutal and bloody.
Thank you. I have no intention to disable comments; discussion among many people is one of the most important parts. DB
@@variantquran4505 I would wear a stab vest and leather neck collar seriously !!!!
Farid's video about this very video 😊
ruclips.net/video/JmjURdYS5K0/видео.html
God bless you.
Wow thanks D Wood for referring us to this channel.
Who's here after watching Acts17apologetics, say hi.
My Nigerian sister.
Hi interesting wallahi
I can't remember. I think I first came because Jay highlighted it but it might have been David Wood.
When u connect all the dots together.. u get holes!
What do u expect from a religion that doesnt want u to question or critique?
I expect stupidity and I am not disappointed.
I like your analogy "When you connect all the dots together, you get a (huge) hole". Exactly!
@Harris
Christianity never said 1+1+1 = 1
It's you muslim who say so and question us, "How?"
So, don't question us for your own stupidity!
Christian concept of the Trinity is 1x1x1 = 1 if I were to follow the muslim understanding of the Trinity.
@@yenomrofuoy5444 But abduls can't understand multiplication and even addition beyond four is too difficult for them, you know, 1400 years of inbreeding takes its toll.
@@yenomrofuoy5444 some says ∞ + ∞ + ∞ = ∞
I remember this idiom: "So if you see one mouse in your home, chances are good that there are many others"...Can you imagine, if you find 11 edited text in one page only, how many edited text you will find in the whole book...
1million edited text 😂😂😂😂. Islam is collapsing really fast.
@Tom Burnett haha 😀😀😄😄😂😂🤣😆 laughing alot. "scriber errors" cannot be the reason why their are 36 Qurans that do not match with the manuscripts.
@AKR That is a big difference.
Hatun Tash and her team of researchers have found 93,000 variants from 27 different quarans
@NYC125street "So what"?? So it hasn't been perfectly preserved "down to the single letter" as has been claimed repeatedly. So every Muslim whose faith rests on this false claim as proof of Allah's sovereignty has had his foundation stripped away.
And this doesn't even address variants in which one person says, "Howdy y'all" and the other says "Your money or your life."
There is no "preserved" Quran text. It has been changed, edited, corrected, erased and rewritten over centuries of time.
Of course, islam is nothing but politics.
Islam is nothing but a *HATE-MONGERING* cult!
@@yenomrofuoy5444 a war manual with rewards for martyrdom
Wrong.....the quran is preserved....
Angelika Neuwirth is the western world's leading Scholar concerning the Qur’an & knows more about this subject than this comparative amateur Brubaker.
She has the world's largest collection of ancient Qur'an manuscripts (microfiche /photos etc ) & she studied under the old German Orientalists who were world renowned.
Angelika inherited 'the lost archive' of Germany's vast collection of ancient Qur'ans from all over the Islamic world after it was hidden by Anton Spitaler (an interesting event in itself).
In her talk (link below), she says:
"To this very day, the Qur'an is taught as an orally performed text, whose phonetic realisation is cherished as an aesthetically sophisticated art. The Oral transmission of the Qur'an is highly esteemed even considered superior to the written text. Thus the printed Cairo edition of the Qur'an most frequently used today is based not on manuscripts but on oral tradition."
ruclips.net/video/qHCeYSvazY4/видео.html
She leads the Quranic Arabic Corpus project which has the most detailed information in English about the Qur’an in one place - www.corpus.quran.com
So Muslims are absolutely right when they say that the Qur'an (the oral/memorised Recitation in all qira'at) is 100% the SAME as it was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.
This was passed down throughout the generations from 'heart to heart - memory to memory' by millions of Huffaz (urdu plural of singular Hafiz)
UNCHANGED!
NOT A SINGLE LETTER CHANGE IN ANY OF THE RECITATIONS!
The written Qur'an is called the Mus'haf. This is SECONDARY (a backup) to the oral/memorised Qur'an to help ppl to read.
Mus'haf can have differences due to:
Scripts - rasm / orthography.
The Qira'ah that is being written.
Scribal mistakes.
Brubaker, being a Christian Missionary, loves to mislead /distract people away from the facts that the Qur’an, as it is RECITED ANYWHERE IN THE World is the same Qur'an that was taught by the Prophet peace be upon him to his Companions.
The name is Brubaker , Daniel Brubaker ...
😎 Doctor Daniel Brubaker 😎
😎
The Muslims first Caliph was Abubakar Muhammad's best friend.
@PRandC Team
Caliph Dr. Brubakr al Americano (SAW) (PHUB) (Holy Smoly guacamoley) 🍾🕺💃🕺💃
Dr Daniel Qur'anbaker
@@williamjames212 they all argued wether muhammad was really a prophet
Viewers please spread this hugely informative channel to other social media platforms and other You tube channels.
Come here from Islam Critique & D. Wood.. I pray for you & your magnificent work, Mr. Brubaker.. May God's grace be upon you.. GOD bless you!
The root of Quran is running out of waters
The root of all evil is Islam!
It was never in or near water... but sure in camel p.🤣🤣
did you discover a trinitarian Quran
@Harris What do you think of the scholarships that say jesus most probably never existed? That he was just a made character?
Wrong, because even if different versions of the Qur’ân, like those of Ḥafṣ and Warsh, it wasn't that hard for me to figure out which was the correct version of the Qur’ân, with a careful reading of the Verses, by God's Grace.
So basically, what you're saying is that "the Quran has not been perfectly preserved!"
because it is easier than actually watching the video
God has guided you hear my friend. Listen and let the love of Christ wash over you. Keep on listening to the truth until you believe it.
Stil this Made my believe stronger
@@amreel-kabarity9242 🤣🤣🤣abdool
@@amreel-kabarity9242 same like me
3 dislikes from people who are triggered by this video🎥
I am not disliking. I am happy to see trinitarians talk about Quran.
@@Neorient Islam is non trinitarian Christianity?
So what there are different versions of the Qur’ân, like those of Ḥafṣ and Warsh? It wasn't that hard for me to figure out which was the correct version of the Qur’ân, with a careful reading of the Verses, by God's Grace.
The thumbnail: "Whats the history of this page?"
Dr. Brubaker's face be like: 😊
HAHA!
He said it is from early 8th century. Approximately 100 years from the death of M. check min 0:42
@@worldchanger7197 100 years and full of errors corrections and variations! dannngggg imagine how the first quran was like! bbahahahaha. Share this video!!!
@@TruthaboutIslam the big issue now is finding 11 variant in 1 page only. This is a red flag
@@worldchanger7197 It is possibly earlier than early 8th century, but not (I think) later. I try to date conservatively. DB
@@variantquran4505 Thanks for your time, did you find any Rasm text referring to Becca? Or that might have been altered to read Mecca?
ruclips.net/video/TIw1OPH6QvM/видео.html
I understood and like it , when you mentioned
Here:
Hafs:
Thank You
I like Hamza Zayyat
6:7 Al-An'aam
وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ
And even if We had sent down unto you (O Muhammad SAW) a Message written on paper so that they could touch it with their hands, the disbelievers would have said: "This is nothing but obvious magic!"
@Variant Quran Daniel, I foresee a problem with the video titles. After 100 videos, viewers will not know what page, folio, or verses the video is discussing. Please include more identification in the video titles for future reviewing and research. Thanks.
PERFECTLY PRESERVED
Hey Daniel, do you know of any good resources for learning the basics of ancient arabic writing compared to modern arabic writing? Is this something that varies from manuscript to manuscript? I can read modern arabic but trying to read some of these manuscripts can be confusing at times (not just lack of vowel markings but the shapes of some letters seem different).
Thanks for you videos, they are very interesting so far :-)
The standard work on the paleography of the Quran is "The Abbasid Tradition" by François Déroche. It is a fairly big and expensive book and may be limited in availability. I got mine many years ago now and have not checked lately. Déroche is the one who described and classified the various scripts in the system that is commonly used today. Even with that book, it takes some time to learn to recognize the often fine differences. Maybe I will do a series of videos at some point talking about early script styles. DB
Beautiful presentation 👌
Thank you Dr Brubaker for the great work you doing. God bless you abundantly ✊❤️
I'm just wondering how Islamic scholars didn't find these discrepancies throughout centuries.
Pssst...they did! And they hid it from their followers.
That's exactly what Yasir Qahdi was saying. He says every advanced student of islam and scholars know that the quran being perfectly preserved is all a lie and a myth. He was saying that after 1400 years of this myth, they have to come up with a better explanations because the western academics have already identified the holes in the myth.
because in Islam you are not allowed to ask too may questions sunnah.com/bukhari/43/23
They did. They’ve known. But they’ve been lying to their listeners
Also, why was there no attempt to eliminate all the evidence pointing against the perfect preservation of the Quran?
Sir u are right verses 99 is إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُون, but they changed, if u look few words before إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكُمْ so the picture of إِن is exactly same, so your are right it is إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُون because here they removed إِن كُنتُمْ and modified تُؤْمِنُون with يؤْمِنُون
also they changed بها to بِهِ in كَمَا لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَنَذَرُهُمْ فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ just before last aya you mentioned at the end of your video.
well done and thanks for your work, even i speak Arabic but i am not as accurate as you are, everyone subscribe please, to appreciate his valuable work.
hmmm so you are an Arab huh
There are more variants in the Quran manuscripts (93,000) and Qiraat than there are words in the Qur’an (77,797)! :)
What if Shia Mahdi brings the original Quran.
LOL
Those are big numbers, Any reference to it?
There are readings of the Holy Qur’an, and there is a hadith that explains this, and there are those who memorize all the readings, and this matter is known, and all the readings are from God, and there is a hadith that explains that, as the readings existed even in the time of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace.
Yes I agree Quran is perfectly preserved with many variants. Allah-boo-akbar.
ruclips.net/video/jKL48UkMpi8/видео.html
Muslim should say: 23 variants Quran are perfectly preserved
Bible is not preserved..Even today you don't have original bible but you have changed bible😂😂😉👻
@@hussnain6114 You just insulted Allah because Allah said the Torah and gospel are his words
So you admit Allah couldn’t protect the Torah and the gospel
The phrase لو شاء الله ما أشركنا is found in the same chapter Q6:148. The Scribe probably memorizes the Quran and got mixed with verse 107
Very good analysis Dr Brubaker. I am not fussed about such variants in manuscripts as Quran is primarily based on the tradition of continued recitations for generations base on memorizing. Scribes made several mistakes which is accepted by greatest Muslim manuscript analysts already. The pivotal issue would be to see whether the meanings changed which I have noticed in variant recitation based manuscripts as well. Thank you for your effort.
M J Allah says in Quran clearly that he did allow some verses to be forgotten to be replaced by better verses. So I don’t consider that to have had affected the planning of Allah with regard to the ultimate preservation intended
What happened to the claim that the Quran is perfectly preserved word for word from the beginning. Oh, sorry, I forget, when was the "first" Quran readily available and considered as the standard text.
@@simkwakia (1). The Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad pbuh on piecemeal basis over 23 years. During each revelation, the prophet would recite to companions who recite, memorize and practice the message (many wrote them down on piecemeal basis). This continued until the whole Quran was revealed. Note: The recitation was memorized and preserved over those 23 years. (2) Those writing were collected by first Khalifa Abu Bakar and kept. (3) The whole Quran revealed was put into a book (5 copies) by third Khalifah Othman from the memorisation of the companions together with those writings which were kept. Note : Some of these copies are still available and millions are memorizer of Quran today. (4) The Quran printed and read therefrom until today all over the world has the same text of that third Khalifah's.
@@sethsuleiman4419
ruclips.net/video/d225z-Yn0vk/видео.html
Please explain this, between
Muhammad Hijab and Dr Yasir Qadhi, in the video.
THE STANDARD NARRATIVE HAVE HOLES IN IT, so says our Islamic scholar Dr Yasir Qadhi. Why? Because it cannot handle textual criticism, historical criticism, and source criticism.
Farid Farts will soon be making a video saying: "it doesn't say that"
The Astronomer Farid’s dismissive attitude is unbelievable. As if he would go around openly admitting these things to people who asked. Muslims might kill a person for that, but he pretends it’s no big deal lol. He’s got an excuse for anything and everything.
@The Astronomer Thx for sharing
@@lancesteinke3732 -Allah- Farid know best 😁
@The Astronomer I saw that video but Farid Responds said he is able to connect the dots but it's by using modern Qurans. That video he made showed that the Quran went through editing, reediting,adding words phases which was done by human beings not Allah.
salam.. debunk you brubaker
ruclips.net/video/JmjURdYS5K0/видео.html
I have a serious question.
If the Quran is supposed to be the only miracle that Mohamed ever did. How is this possible if he never wrote anything down and it was only compiled after by others? So how could it be a miracle? I’ve heard Muslims claim it was because of how beautifully it was written but Mohamed never even wrote it. So how is this a “miracle” that proves that Mohamed was right? There have been many classic works of literature that far surpass the jumbled nonsensical way that the Quran was mashed together. I’ve seen children who can write more coherent stories. So my question is genuine and not meant to sound mean but how is this book, that he never even wrote, a miracle that proves him to be a prophet?
Actually it was mocked by many well known scholars in the Muslim world like ar-Razzi or ar-Rawandi but since criticizing the Quran can get you killed, this idea of literary excellency has been enforced with threats and violence over the ages, after a while it became like an automated response, a reflex Muslims acquire at a very young age.
Quran is not a miracle at all, even the arabs at the time did not believe it at all, it was after they muslims conquered Mecca that they converted in masses. Here is a link to a video
m.ruclips.net/video/2sIIV3Ld9EE/видео.html
Firstly, The prophet PBUH is illiterate.
Secondly, it did got written down by his fellow companion. The revelation came within 23 years of his prophethood so not many of the same companion was always there while some were there halfway. Thats why during the Time of Uthman RA every known memorizer, reciter and those who hold a copy were gathered to compiled the textual Quran and after the finish product, the other copies were burned to avoid confusion.
I think Muslims say M received and recited it. Others memorized and eventually write it down and burned all the deviant copies (except this one it now seems) and that the resulting book was so awesome it head to be a miracle. It's not M''s miracle - the words themselves are the miracle and they are an exact copy of the (platonic) one in heaven.
Mohammed did other miracles.
Awesome work Dr. Daniel, keep it up!
Even if the Quran was perfectly perserved, what does it change? Was Homer a messenger of god, The Odyssey is the same we have today, and far more well writen than the Quran.
The Quran is perfect
in the time of Uthman, the fake Qur'an had been burned until none was left
but if this one is most likely not found or found to be burned by the tahfiz because the fake Quran is hiding
Your name is no longer Brubaker but Dr Quranbreaker
What he did not tell you is that the readings existed in the time of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and that there is a hadith that explains that the readings are from God Almighty and that there are those who memorize all the readings. Also, the Holy Qur’an is memorized by memorization and not by writing. Now I can obtain a license, Permissibility is that I have a chain of transmission that reaches the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace. For example, I memorized it from a sheikh, and this sheikh memorized it from a sheikh. And so on, all the way to the Tabi’i, all the way to the Companion, and all the way to the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace ruclips.net/video/MEtbT_Nrso8/видео.htmlsi=54kZc_icHcmHpRU9
Watch this video and activate the translation and you will understand more
Thanks for the efforts. Learning much.
As someone who many years ago studied the Hebrew text of the Jewish scriptures I find this fascinating. This scribe was not having a good day! Your work is much appreciated, just what is needed to understand the nature of the Qur'an today. Thank you for these videos.
שלום
It was hand written many times from memory. spelling error’s happen it’s human nature. The bigger issue here as xtians fail to see is that the Quran is not a book. It’s a recital so this can be easily written off. The Quran is totally preserved as the recital
But we all get told over and over the written Arabic Quran is identical around the world. Letter for letter dot for dot. Clearly, it is not.
If you can't write it correctly there is no way you can recite it correctly. Ever hear of the game Chinese whispers?
That is total preservation..😂😂😂😂😂
Dr. Brubaker, if you give me the permission to translate this video to Indonesian language, it will shake the faith of many Indonesian Muslims. I'm looking forward to receiving the green light.
Great job...
Hindustan
I really like the way you explain the text differences... Keep up it... May God bless you....
This Qur'an is daif
😂😂😂😂
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
And it is the spiritual food of demons who by the way also feed on dung.
Say: It has been revealed to me that a company of Jinns listened (to the Qur'an). They said, 'We have really heard a wonderful Recital! Surah 72.1
"What about the bone and the animal dung?" He said, "They are of the food of Jinns. Sahih al-Bukhari 3860
Hafs Quran is sahih 🤣🤣🤣
Oh ein Deutscher ^^
Dr Jay.... now for the theological difficulties of where different words actually mean different things! A book of lies, made by liers, exposited by liers, believed by millions BUT being exposed by truth, love and compassion of Jesus followers. God bless you guys.
Here is Dr. Jeferson Chagas form Brazil. Congratulations on your researches on variants in the Qur'an. I am preparing a course for Portuguese-speaking Christians about the Science e of the Qur'an, and certainly, your research will be explored in this program. This field of study is sensitive, and you do that without dehumanizing Muslims. Congratulations again.
Thank you, Dr. Chagas. Yes, my purpose is serious inquiry and respectful discussion, and I mean no harm or unkindness to any person; thank you for recognizing that. Best to you. DB
Angelika Neuwirth is the western world's leading Scholar concerning the Qur’an & knows more about this subject than this comparative amateur Brubaker.
She has the world's largest collection of ancient Qur'an manuscripts (microfiche /photos etc ) & she studied under the old German Orientalists who were world renowned.
Angelika inherited 'the lost archive' of Germany's vast collection of ancient Qur'ans from all over the Islamic world after it was hidden by Anton Spitaler (an interesting event in itself).
In her talk (link below), she says:
"To this very day, the Qur'an is taught as an orally performed text, whose phonetic realisation is cherished as an aesthetically sophisticated art. The Oral transmission of the Qur'an is highly esteemed even considered superior to the written text. Thus the printed Cairo edition of the Qur'an most frequently used today is based not on manuscripts but on oral tradition."
ruclips.net/video/qHCeYSvazY4/видео.html
She leads the Quranic Arabic Corpus project which has the most detailed information in English about the Qur’an in one place - www.corpus.quran.com
So Muslims are absolutely right when they say that the Qur'an (the oral/memorised Recitation in all qira'at) is 100% the SAME as it was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.
This was passed down throughout the generations from 'heart to heart - memory to memory' by millions of Huffaz (urdu plural of singular Hafiz)
UNCHANGED!
NOT A SINGLE LETTER CHANGE IN ANY OF THE RECITATIONS!
The written Qur'an is called the Mus'haf. This is SECONDARY (a backup) to the oral/memorised Qur'an to help ppl to read.
Mus'haf can have differences due to:
Scripts - rasm / orthography.
The Qira'ah that is being written.
Scribal mistakes.
Brubaker, being a Christian Missionary, loves to mislead /distract people away from the facts that the Qur’an, as it is RECITED ANYWHERE IN THE World is the same Qur'an that was taught by the Prophet peace be upon him to his Companions.
@@mikhan5191 🙄 Too late for that sonny. Shabir Ally, Yasir Qadhi had all admitted of variations existing in the texts. Also, there are at least 37 variations of the Arabic Quran still existing around now.
@@mikhan5191 The video literally pared down words and marks of ancient Arabic. The evidence is literally right before you. He understands full Arabic so you've got no excuse.
God bless and protect you Doctor
keep up this great work. very insightful.
I don't understand. When Muslims say that the Quran has been perfectly preserved, do they mean that the first Quran ever written (by Zayd ibn Thabit at the request of the first Rashidun Caliph Abu Bakr) exists somewhere in a museum or some such place, intact with no damage to its pages? Or do they mean that Qurans that came after it are perfectly identical to the original? If that's so, how would they respond to the fact there are different Qurans today? How would they know which one reflects the original Quran by Zayd?
Go to read the quran history
Thank you for your work!
Allah is so great he has perfectly preserved all the variants of his quran.
I want that library of yours😍
I am so thankful for it. It took many years to build up to this point... DB
still: a certain part of the islamic books is dedicated to farting... very important to allah
These are not variant words. These are different ways of writing the same word.
Like the FONT style in Microsoft word. You can have Arial, Roman, and many other fonts. Writing an English word in different fronts does not mean you have different words.
GOT IT
You had my other post deleted for no reason except that I proved you wrong.
Let's see what you will do with this one.
Let's hear it for the Tower of Babel. e.g. This isn't a Greek restaurant. Your menu is upside down.
This is proving to be an awesome resource...keep these videos coming!
Where did all these dots come from?
From the quran manuscripts?
I dont think so
Me too, they were later added on.
A good question! The dots and lines in a modern Qur’an are markers for vowels, some consonants, vowel length, and other reading aids. Arabic is a Semitic language like Hebrew which functions through a set of consonant roots so vowels weren’t considered worth writing. They were added later on in order to help with reading. Muslims too admit that they were added later. The same happened with the Hebrew Bible. Earlier texts only included consonants. Vowel markers were added in the early Middle Ages to facilitate reading and to remove ambiguity. For example in Hebrew the word ספר (S-F-R) can mean ’book’, ’he told’, ’he counted’, ’story’ depending on the vowel patterns (sefer, siper, safar, sipur). The same applies in Arabic.
They're called diacritical marks, it helps people to recite the Quran as it was recited at the time of the Prophet PBUH. Tajweed is the guideline used for the correct pronunciation.
The Torah also added vowels.
D.Wood brought me here. Good job with very good explanation.
What a great job sir
You're in our prayers 🙏♥️
Thank you for the truth. 🔥
Thank you for another brilliant video. Looking forward to more!
Most of these can be explained as scribal errors but the most intriguing ones are those that do not match up with the current dominant hafs text, such as the last one. One could also say that the scribes unwillingness to correct these errors but correct other errors on the same fragment could indicate that this is how they recited the Quran, of course that’s just speculation but there is reasonable doubt.
My question for you is this, do we have other Quran fragments that existed around the same time as this one that have the same variants at the exact same spots like this fragment?
Anti-Unitarian Christian no the video describes scribal errors and doesn’t mention any changes in whole verses. Are you citing from another source from brubaker?
@Anti-Unitarian Christian Where does he say that?
Hope this help you. Yes there exist other copies around the same time without the same mistake. ruclips.net/video/YfQ2bkO8y7A/видео.html
Md Kamarussalihin Hj Shahrol Azman the video does not show the same scribal error shown in the video, but instead only criticizes brubakers acknowledgement of the missing allah in the manuscript. In terms of what brubaker maybe trying to show is that he is simply listing out variants but makes no claim of it being intentional, just “unknown.”
One manuscript on its own would not be enough to challenge the mainstream variant of the Quran. If there were 100 copies, for example, all with the same wording, now that would be something to ponder.
Thanks sir , very informative.
Would like you to do a video on sura 9:80 , given below, the words "seventy times" were added in later texts.
Ask forgiveness for them, [O Muhammad], or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you should ask forgiveness for them seventy times - never will Allah forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger, and Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
Dan has already done that. Check out his first video from last week
None of these ‘variants’ as you called them are no more than normal human errors, etc. I was wondering if you have encountered any serious and deliberate looking alteration that would change the intended meaning, if not the theology of the belief system? I heard about the controversy about the last two verses of chapter 9 for example... have you seen any manuacripts that doesn’t have them?
Fascinating work. Keep it up!
Hello Dr Brubaker I love your videos and I hope you will keep coming often to help us learn what has been being hidden since centuries.
Thank you for showing us all this!
seems counterproductive for them to allow you to study Quranic manuscripts. Will this now be prevented in the future?
Actually, my experience with so many curators, directors, and boards of the museums and libraries, including places like Kuwait, Qatar, and Bahrain, has been that they are very open to the research that I am doing. There are exceptions; Egypt has been difficult for direct access, and also Istanbul. In both cases I am hopeful that the caretakers of manuscripts will over time recognize that I treat the material with professionalism and integrity and open up more access to me. And, I do not think this research is counter-productive at all. Of course, there are probably some people who would prefer such study not be done, but for the most part they are not in these institutions, which are generally quite professional. Great question, though. DB
@@variantquran4505 fantastic work. I pray YHWH uses it to open the hearts of many deceived muslims throughout the world to come and know Jesus as the incarnate Son of God.
Thank you for your efforts! We live in the Middle East, and we hope to have both your previous book and your coming ones on Kindle because we can't get the physical copies here. Also, would you give permission for us one day to subtitle your videos in Arabic?
"PERFECT PRESERVATION!!". Right, of course....
Great Infor just 1min into the video 1:39. Amazing !
I saw Shabir Ally speaking about the preservation of the Quran. He stated that they had dated a fragment of a Quran, the parchment AND THE INK, and both dated from near the time of Mohammed. I will search for the exact excerpt and will write back later.
Shabir Ally doesn't know what he is talking about. Here is the truth ruclips.net/video/jKL48UkMpi8/видео.html
"8r" refers to the "recto" side or the front side of page 8. "8v" would refers to the "verso" side of back side of the leaf of paper.
I may be mistaken but I thing recto is the revers side. Not so good for writing being parchment ie animal skin the reverse side is like suede. Best parchment is vellum which is an unborn calf drawn from the womb if it’s mother. This is why biblical manuscripts were so unbelievably precious. One text like Isaiah 49ft would require a whole herd of young animals
@@Basaljet I double-checked. The recto is the right hand side of an open English book; the first side read before reading the back side, the verso (which is the left hand side of an English open book). I would be interested to know if this is different for Arabic script that is read from right to left.
Indeed quite precious, you image of requiring the death of a whole herd of young animals in order to bring "life" to a text does make communication costly.
restnxist it is why the Catholic Church was accused of withholding the scriptures from the people. The value and price of a hand written bible was a small fortune. Only the aristocracy could read until the invention of the printing press. The internet is having the same effect on Islam. it is in the birth pangs of a new dynamic of interpretation and may not stay the course because there is very little if anything in a verifiable historical deposit from the 7th century unlike Catholicism.
Hello Dr DB, is this manuscript different from the 6 already established ones? @variantquran
As I sit here watching this video, I KNOW there has to be RUclips staff running around their offices, with their hair on fire, trying to figure out which terms of services they can accuse you of violating, so they can shut you up.
I assure you nobody cares to shut him up
This is the first time I hear of this... interesting to see different words... so theperson copying can choose a different word he thinks fits best. Thank you for your work. With social media the truth will reach everyone.
Great work, thanks a lot. Perhaps in future videos you could emphasise some textual variants which result in readings that directly contradict the Hafs 1924 or other traditional readings.
Such a misleading video. Some examples show the difference between two different verses of the Quran, and the two verses are both still in the Quran. So if that's the of evidence you build your judgment on, that makes me question your honesty. And if that's the only thing you could find, it just make me believe more that the Quran was perfectly preserved.
Waaaait a second. I thought the Quran had no additions or deletions? 😂😂😩😩
Well it does not. For proof you can check tafseer books..
From 7th to 21 century , each century is loaded with Quranic Tafseer books , explained verse by verse along with arabic text...
Only punctuations alternations can be found... You will not find any verse , with different meanings. Rather same meanings...
And hadith books you can find Quran was revealed in 7 different arabic languages [ahruf]
@@Woopoint
I have read many tafsir books from the first 500 years of Islam, and many of them especially Muqatils, tabaris and Razzaqs are littered with variants from the companions and their students listing mistakes and deletions and much more
@@Woopoint Just factually wrong. There are plenty of examples of discrepancies between different qurats.
One thing the Non Muslims don't seem to get it. That is, the muslim nation has agreed on Mushaf Uthman. This is what is memorized by hundreds and thousands of people across the world. So, it will be an exercise in futility to trying to look for errors from some writings. There are two issues regarding the critiqued manuscript: 1. There is no way of knowing if it was a personal copy of someone or an authoritatively written by a scriber 2. These manuscripts should only be read by qualified readers as you can see the text is void of tashkeel and tanqeet (as some times words are read based on the context). This is how early mulims used to learn to read the Quran before tahskeel and tanqeet were applied to the Quran.
This guy is simply a scholar pointing out the changes or differences between old and new Quran's. I haven't heard him make a judgment on the effect those changes have on the text of the Quran. Most that are highlighted seem to be rather benign changes or scribal mistakes.
The Quran he is looking at may very well be a personal Quran. I know that many of the old Bible manuscripts often contain known mistakes as imperfect copies made by scribes were often given to schools to use. The perfect copies being reserved for official purposes. Although this Quran may be a personal Quran or used in an unofficial capacity, you can't be sure of that either. The reason non-muslims react to these reports of differences is because of how loudly Muslims claim that not one word has changed.
I absolutely love your videos, knowledge and content. Do you have more compelling evidence of bigger mistakes? This proves that there are mistakes, but could be explained away(even though i believe a mistake is a mistake when you claim there are none whatsoever). I mean they(muslims scholars and apologists) would try and say that these are not mistakes that prove the koran isn't the word of God. Thank you for your hard work and please keep these coming!!!!
He is a scholar not an apologist. He is systematically going through every detail & documenting it so others can determine the importance.
A couple of the differences on this page can have significant theological impact since one changes tense and another changes the number of people from plural to singular and another changes from speaking to the reader to some third party.
Patience please. These are the first trickles after 1370 years...
@@moe8686 You confidently say "The uthamni Quran is Same of today." I'm not inclined to take your word for it - I want to look and compare myself or at least hear from someone who has compared them. Where can we get a copy of "the Uthmani Quran"? As far as I know there are not any remaining copies of it. So the best approximation is the most ancient copies we can find which is what Dr. Brubaker is studying. I think what studies will show (they already have actually) is that the Quran is "fairly well preserved" (from some original), but not perfectly preserved, just like all other ancient literature that has been preserved at all. It would be good if Muslim scholars had published the texts of all ancient manuscripts of the Quran, but it seems they have not. Which is why I'm here, to learn what I can.
@@moe8686 no, they say there isn't any difference in any letter from then to today and this proves it isn't preserved at all.
This is a study that shows us corrections in Quran, thank you for doing such as a great job.
I used to think there are major differences between these variants but thanks to this channel I have a much clearer idea how miniscule the differences are and that too due to writing. What's most appalling for me is that no other scripture on the face of earth comes even remotely close to this level of accuracy over a comparable period of time. Thanks for your work doc!
They aren’t minuscule they’re huge n many of the old texts were changed they call this “correcting”
Even Sanaa manuscript which was a Quran from 3 decades after Muhammad’s death n it was way different to Quran today so they changed it
Instead of realizing the 5% of Quran they could read from
That time with Sanaa should’ve been used at the standard lol
Bible.🥰☦
Same conclusion here. This is nothing to be concern about. Allah protected the message from the koran and that is the most important. But good work from Daniel Brubaker. I respect hem a lot.
@@Gs9sk give me one verse from Sana manuscript which is not in current version.
@@adnantamimi7026 the whole underwriting is completely different that’s why it was written over and changed
Shabir ally hs a video on it explaining those
Also did u know there’s a holy book from another religion that’s perfectly preserved?
And that it’s only holy book that can prove its same as when revealed cuz we have original copy still
I like to work with the Fatiha, since it is so common. I point out that was not in the Quran of Ibn Masoud because it is a liturgical prayer. Beyond that, it would help me to know how many variants there are in it. I know the Ruler/Lord one. Are there others?
For me it is interesting, how the field of textual criticism works. I understand for Muslims it is a difficult topic. For Christians less.. because we are dealing it since the time of Erasmus.
To know some about textual criticism is to understand how preserved the Koran.
Erasmus? No, since St. Jerome (4th century)
There was a link to one of your videos to an academic website with a PDF file, stating the errors are insignificant. Can you respond. Also, what is "insignificant" and what "authority" in academia determines that the "error" is "insignificant"?
Daniel thanks for exposing the face of his Quran. Please make more videos of the Qurans. Thanks
Fantastic work Dr Brubaker. Highly appreciated. You have patience of a "prophet". God Bless.
Be ready to be taken down by the RUclips. Lord will guide your path.Amen🙏🏻Ave Maria.
This only serves as a testimony to the preservation of the Quran, i.e. the fact that there were inconsistent copies but they did not make it into the mainstream well-known scripts or recitations.
Firstly, thank you. For opening my eyes. As a Muslim my believe has sky rocketed after seeing your vedio. It is 1500 old relegiouse and our people had tried to preserve the Quran in their limited means. This show how we tried to preserve. This is an oral tradition. This may come as a surprise to you even now it is memories all over the world. The mistake you have pointed out is very small it doesn't change to the mean of the Quran.
The Quran itself says that its perfectly preserved in 3 different instances. When we see here that it hasn't been preserved. People have added to it and erased from it, to conform in what the Hafs text says today, which is probably the text you have
@Indigator Veritatis bring it on brother..
ruclips.net/video/5VGfyAQrxBQ/видео.html
@Indigator Veritatis ruclips.net/video/iZhhMPF9RWA/видео.html
@Indigator Veritatis ruclips.net/video/PyisQivDWGI/видео.html
YOU CANNOT CLAIM EXCUSE OF ORAL TRADITION ANYMORE. YOUR OWN AUTHENTIC ISLAMIC SOURCES CLAIM THAT UTHMAN IN 652 COMPILED ONE SINGLE UNIVERSAL QURAN AND THEN BURNED ALL OTHER VERSION. IF THAT IS TRUE THEN HOW YOU CAN EXPLAIN SO MANY VARIATION IN RASM TEXT OF DIFFERRENT QURAN. DAN BRUBAKER HAS JUST STARTED. WAIT FOR HIM TO FINISH.
I would like to ask you a question.
Can it be the early writings that
Are before the quran.
Early siriaq arameic writings
That are wrong translated to the early arabic.
When he started reading in Arabic, I knew we are done here!
It’s not split into different verses in the fragment?
God bless you sir!! Great video!
that is not Yashrikun يشركون in arabic text
how are you sure that is is يوحي not ئوحی ?
Good Work
#ExMuslim
💙💙❤❤
how is this video still up? lol
your shallow understanding of the preservation of the quran has been criticized since years ago
God bless...
Very interesting. Thanks for your work. Looking forward to more.