We spent a lot of time with Mies in arch school. I remember on a trip we visited the Farnsworth House, and they did not allow photographs to be taken inside the house (for some reason!). So I literally walked around outside the house with my camera, and took photos through the glass- and in pictures you couldn't tell I was outside the house!
just a foretelling of what your collegaues will be like, looks like all achitects are ego maniacs with no limits - NO, YOU CANT PHOTOGRAPH INTERIOR OF A GLASS WALLED HOUSE - what moron dared to say that, I can bet you he was a "sucessfull architect".... only thing we never see, ARCHITECTS MAKING AMAZING ARCHITECTURE FOR THEIR PRIVATE HOUSES, WHEN THEY DESIGN THEIR OWN HOUSE, THEY DONT WASTE MONEY :D
I'm not an artist and generally have little appreciation for architecture yet having watched several of your videos you make it interesting and you've given me a new appreciation for architecture. I still don't get most of it but I'm looking at it differently now.
It's funny-- I JUST had to write an essay on the Barcelona Pavilion in the continuing education course I'm taking on architecture. Wish I'd seen this video before submitting it! Really enjoying your channel, thanks for making these concepts so accessible!
Great video! Love the way you talk about history and concept in such a simple and entertaining way. Arch history lectures in school always put me to sleep, haha
Great series! I just watched all three, and I have a much better understanding of these three great architects (whom I admire) and how they connect to each other conceptually.
One of the best pieces of advice I got from a studio professor was if I’m trying to a create a fluid design, I need to have odd numbered dimensions. That “randomness” help the building feel more alive. I can definitely see that with the placement of van der Rohe’s walls
[1] I love the Brick House. It's key IMO to understanding how Mies uses space, symmetry, etc. [2] I enjoy applying your ideas to Crown Hall, and to the IIT campus, and contrasting it with Netsch's UIC campus.
When I lived in New York City, I used to sit every day on the plaza at the Seagram Building. Everything about the place was open and expansive, and the building itself seemed weightless on its pedestal of delicate columns. Mies was so intelligent in every way. He was a magician of form and space.
thank you so much for giving us clear explanations regarding open plan definitions. non or a little amount of space occupying columns and no walls and glass curtain walls are treated as a reflective one giving us a sense of expanded spaces. your videos are college graded lectures thank you so much again.i did want to keep studying architecture in canada but i graduated advanced diploma there. i am learning them from you thank you
I'm an engineer who spends all day trying to make buildings comply with energy efficiency rules about insulation and glazing. These building designs caused me great pain.
Been a Mies fanboy since I researched a report on him in junior high. When I talk about architecture with people who haven't read anything about it, at all, I often come up against this mentality in those folks, wherein, they can't abide what they term a "waste of useful space", when they see atriums, high ceilings, open plan designs. This debate came up often when we'd discuss Jahn's Thompson Center in Chicago. The complaint I'd often hear about it was that the cathedral-like volume of the glassed-in atrium was a "waste of space" that should have been filled in with floors full of... offices, I guess. It just made my head hurt, hearing these people going on and on as if they lived in mobile homes with 12 inches of head clearance to the ceiling everywhere and that that is the only logical way to live and work in a structure. I guess Stewart, I'd like to hear you do a show about space and form and their relationships.
man, where were you during my *history, theory, and criticism* classes two years ago? I would've done way better in class if I had these videos then haha. Regardless, I'm enjoying the refresher on all these concepts and appreciate how simple and entertaining you make these "lectures" on the greats
I live in a Mies Van Der Rohe building in Newark. It is unfortunate that I think I am the only person living here who knows who the architect of the building is.
Nice video Stewart! Mies is just such an amazing architect and has always been a big inspiration for myself. Regarding the Barcelona Pavilion I do am however pretty certain, that the walls are non load bearing and the steel columns do in fact hold the whole roof. This allowed him to place the walls completely free and also legitimizes that the walls are placed right next to the columns what you are actually mentioning in your video as kind of an odd thing to do.
I wonder how Mies would react to the huge flags that are planted in front of his pavillion? Anyway, in my view, the location is too much a tourist attraction which is maybe the problem with pavillions. Thanks for the video; it is great. I like to focus on the columns and how they differ from Corbusier's.
Let it be known though, that when it comes to the Farnsworth House, the one living in it (Edith Farnsworth) didn't feel comfortable in the house at all, and felt like she was being watched, especially at night. Nothing against your videos though they're very interesting! For anyone who reads this do bear in mind that there's also a human experience side to all of the plans, be it Corbusier, Van Der Rohe or Wright. Throughout history not all of their works have panned out great for the user.
Yes. One of my favorite recent projects was Nora Wendl's setup of the Farnsworth House in just the way that Edith Farnsworth had it. I absolutely love it. I'll do a video about human experience, but I also don't want to equate the terrible client relationship of Mies to mean that his architecture didn't consider human experience. His Tugendaht house for instance uses an HVAC system packed with cedar chips to pump smells through the house. That's someone that is clearly thinking about human experience. He doesn't always get it right though...
@@stewarthicks You're very right as well! The tugendhat house is far more "accommodating" than the Farnsworth house. The relationship between Edith and Mies was also not very optimal and it probably didn't help in her experience with living there. Please do make a video about the human experience for a bunch of famous architects! In particular might I suggest Kahn's work compared to something like Le Corbusiers D'unite or his houses in the Wiessenhof Siedlung. (I visited the Weissenhof houses myself very interesting in regards to "living in a machine." Mostly what I wanted to say (although in your explanation of the open concepts it is very reasonable to maybe not disclose it as much), that although the vision and ambitions of architects like Le Corbusier en Mies, were well.. visionary. They could also be blinded by it, and their steadfastness could be at the cost of the end user. In any case I love to see more content, you're doing great work! And it's a great refresher of the open plan concepts for myself.
Ah. Her we go again. Loved his answer btw. Just wanted to add that a project should be personalized. A house doesn't need to accommodate everyone's tastes. Only the clients. So if there's a personal relationship with a client, then goes wrong, it's not crazy to believe that it affected the relationship with the actual house. I just don't get this wave of people that hates on the modern movement, even though they made great breakthroughs. I'm not saying it is how it's supposed to be done today btw. Just saying that they changed the course of architecture, in my perspective, in a good way. But the did, I can assure you
@@eduardoortega2505 I'm definitely not against modern architecture. During my courses at uni I got the impression modernism or the modernist masters get praised a little too much for their incredible design work in comparison to the user friendliness of the houses . I was trying to give a little more nuanced of a perspective. A lot of the buildings of mies or Corbu are in fact incredibly designed they absolutely changed the face of Architecture in the beginning of the twentieth century no argument there. Have a nice day!
Love the content. Love that you respond to comments, adding a bit more info. I am a part of your community now. liked, sub and shared to friends and other architecture geeks.
I just discovered your channel and I must say I'm delighted by the quality of both the content and the presentation, congratulations. For this topic, I was wondering, why you didn't mention Mies's Crown Hall project? I was expecting to see this project in the list and I was kinda surprised you didn't mention it, let me know your thoughts.
Hi ! Can you please make a content on what really means the « last » architectural current like minimalism, contemporary,… I see so often misunderstanding of modern, minimalistic,… approaches 🙏
The Farnsworth House would be very difficult to spend the night in, without the curtains closed. I mean the two-way mirror effect of you not being able to see outside, but knowing the outside can see you. Yeah I couldn't handle that place, give me some supposedly haunted house any night.
@@stewarthicks Sorry, I just keep thinking about how do you find the skilled laborers to carry out these awesome designs made by the architect. Is there a rigorous vetting process or do you just trust someone who says they can do it? Does the architect hover over the build site making sure everything is to their satisfaction?
Architects playing with new materials like steel and large glass panels in residential construction get treated like magicians. I'm not sure they are so special either. I appreciate the irreverence.
I've yet to figure what 'articulated' means. I know what it is meant to mean: flexibly connected. What is the slab flexibly connected to, even metaphorically? Dunno. Great house as a sort of experiment in living in a life-simulation project, but how does it work (I believe Farnsworth was living alone here) when someone wants to play their saxophone while the other wants to wind up the drum kit. Meanwhile Sam is cooking chatting to his friends who....stand back to the glass wall. Consequently no one can hear what they are doing and the cacophony batters them all. An expensive revisiting of the peasant's one room hut. Can't see the benefit.
@@stewarthicks and also to make users aware of the overhead plane, somehow, rather than just a roof structure, as you were explaining continuity of ceiling in frank lloyd wrights house. As in your other video, can we call radial organization can be central but not all centrally organized can be called radial, will there be other method to organize like combining linear n cluster ???
@@stewarthicks I, on the other hand appreciate your pace. It's short and sweet. Although, I am a junior architect, so I understand why I have this position and others would not.
some of these designs seem like they were made just to look at, and not to live in, that big wood structure in the middel of a house, that doesn't go up to the ceiling? Seems like a horrible dusttrap. Can you see yourself dragging a ladder in every weekend to dust of that thing. Seems like a nightmare.
Very interesting analysis on such an iconic piece of architecture. Might i recomend you take a look of Daniel Libeskind's Berlin Museum and give us the pleasure of hearing about your take on it.
I'm a fan of unique architecture. But over the years, I've learned that this kind of building is more like the concept cars of auto shows. Something that's done to make a splash and show off to the masses. Yet though we of the "great unwashed" may yearn for such style, we can never attain it. We get Levittown or today's version of it still being reproduced all over the country.
There's a reason Nobody in America makes houses with this "style".... Because it's cold, sterile, empty and dead... That's why people add colorful tiles on the floor, as well as many other accessories and themes to make it more comfortable, a human family would Never live in a house like this Pavillion
The walls and columns are not at all haphazard. The walls are placed very rigidly into subdivisions of the structural grid and they begin and end to modules of the grid. Nothing is ever haphazard in a vdR building.
@6'31" nice
?
@@sweetfruit7769 As he says "SNAP" there is a sharp snap zoom syncing together.
We spent a lot of time with Mies in arch school. I remember on a trip we visited the Farnsworth House, and they did not allow photographs to be taken inside the house (for some reason!). So I literally walked around outside the house with my camera, and took photos through the glass- and in pictures you couldn't tell I was outside the house!
Arch school in Illinois?
just a foretelling of what your collegaues will be like, looks like all achitects are ego maniacs with no limits - NO, YOU CANT PHOTOGRAPH INTERIOR OF A GLASS WALLED HOUSE - what moron dared to say that, I can bet you he was a "sucessfull architect".... only thing we never see, ARCHITECTS MAKING AMAZING ARCHITECTURE FOR THEIR PRIVATE HOUSES, WHEN THEY DESIGN THEIR OWN HOUSE, THEY DONT WASTE MONEY :D
Hey I love this channel! Finally someone I can geek out about architecture design with and learn a few things along the way.
The book matching of marble slabs does visually delineate this horizontal datum! Amazing! Barcelona pavilion is so ahead of its time.
I'm not an artist and generally have little appreciation for architecture yet having watched several of your videos you make it interesting and you've given me a new appreciation for architecture. I still don't get most of it but I'm looking at it differently now.
It was passionate! Two different schools of architecture but the philosophy is very close 😌
Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, two genius !!
one is a genius (French) and other one is just classic egotripping architect :D
It's funny-- I JUST had to write an essay on the Barcelona Pavilion in the continuing education course I'm taking on architecture. Wish I'd seen this video before submitting it! Really enjoying your channel, thanks for making these concepts so accessible!
Great video! Love the way you talk about history and concept in such a simple and entertaining way. Arch history lectures in school always put me to sleep, haha
Glad you enjoyed it!
Great series! I just watched all three, and I have a much better understanding of these three great architects (whom I admire) and how they connect to each other conceptually.
One of the best pieces of advice I got from a studio professor was if I’m trying to a create a fluid design, I need to have odd numbered dimensions. That “randomness” help the building feel more alive. I can definitely see that with the placement of van der Rohe’s walls
[1] I love the Brick House. It's key IMO to understanding how Mies uses space, symmetry, etc.
[2] I enjoy applying your ideas to Crown Hall, and to the IIT campus, and contrasting it with Netsch's UIC campus.
Love your videos. So many efforts were put in. Although I only had seen your uploads for just one week it becomes one of my favourite channels.
When I lived in New York City, I used to sit every day on the plaza at the Seagram Building. Everything about the place was open and expansive, and the building itself seemed weightless on its pedestal of delicate columns. Mies was so intelligent in every way. He was a magician of form and space.
thank you so much for giving us clear explanations regarding open plan definitions. non or a little amount of space occupying columns and no walls and glass curtain walls are treated as a reflective one giving us a sense of expanded spaces. your videos are college graded lectures thank you so much again.i did want to keep studying architecture in canada but i graduated advanced diploma there. i am learning them from you thank you
These videos are amazing. Period.
I'm an engineer who spends all day trying to make buildings comply with energy efficiency rules about insulation and glazing. These building designs caused me great pain.
Make it work engineer, I believe in you
Been a Mies fanboy since I researched a report on him in junior high. When I talk about architecture with people who haven't read anything about it, at all, I often come up against this mentality in those folks, wherein, they can't abide what they term a "waste of useful space", when they see atriums, high ceilings, open plan designs. This debate came up often when we'd discuss Jahn's Thompson Center in Chicago. The complaint I'd often hear about it was that the cathedral-like volume of the glassed-in atrium was a "waste of space" that should have been filled in with floors full of... offices, I guess. It just made my head hurt, hearing these people going on and on as if they lived in mobile homes with 12 inches of head clearance to the ceiling everywhere and that that is the only logical way to live and work in a structure. I guess Stewart, I'd like to hear you do a show about space and form and their relationships.
man, where were you during my *history, theory, and criticism* classes two years ago? I would've done way better in class if I had these videos then haha. Regardless, I'm enjoying the refresher on all these concepts and appreciate how simple and entertaining you make these "lectures" on the greats
Fascinating spacial concepts and beautiful buildings well presented. Thank you.
I live in a Mies Van Der Rohe building in Newark. It is unfortunate that I think I am the only person living here who knows who the architect of the building is.
Isn't that part of what he was trying to achieve? His design has moved from extraordinary to anonymous vernacular
Fantastic! Thank you, Stewart.
I've seen a lot of open plans and I didn't know what this was, really interesting to put a name on it
A Master Class. Perfect, thank you.
Nice video Stewart! Mies is just such an amazing architect and has always been a big inspiration for myself. Regarding the Barcelona Pavilion I do am however pretty certain, that the walls are non load bearing and the steel columns do in fact hold the whole roof. This allowed him to place the walls completely free and also legitimizes that the walls are placed right next to the columns what you are actually mentioning in your video as kind of an odd thing to do.
I recently discovered your channel and I love it, it's one of those channels that I'll check in a few months and you'll have a lot more subscribers.
i love this video - it´s just cool how you explain it so easily
Thank you! Glad you got something out of it.
Keep these videos going!
Thanks for this , to listening to this whilst designing was perfect .
A great explaination .
Please make a whole series for students who cant afford expensive education but want to learn. Thanks for the great content.
Eye opening presentation!… thank you!😊
I wonder how Mies would react to the huge flags that are planted in front of his pavillion? Anyway, in my view, the location is too much a tourist attraction which is maybe the problem with pavillions. Thanks for the video; it is great. I like to focus on the columns and how they differ from Corbusier's.
Mies is the best by far.
WOW! Loved it. Glad I came across your channel.
Let it be known though, that when it comes to the Farnsworth House, the one living in it (Edith Farnsworth) didn't feel comfortable in the house at all, and felt like she was being watched, especially at night. Nothing against your videos though they're very interesting!
For anyone who reads this do bear in mind that there's also a human experience side to all of the plans, be it Corbusier, Van Der Rohe or Wright. Throughout history not all of their works have panned out great for the user.
Yes. One of my favorite recent projects was Nora Wendl's setup of the Farnsworth House in just the way that Edith Farnsworth had it. I absolutely love it. I'll do a video about human experience, but I also don't want to equate the terrible client relationship of Mies to mean that his architecture didn't consider human experience. His Tugendaht house for instance uses an HVAC system packed with cedar chips to pump smells through the house. That's someone that is clearly thinking about human experience. He doesn't always get it right though...
@@stewarthicks You're very right as well! The tugendhat house is far more "accommodating" than the Farnsworth house. The relationship between Edith and Mies was also not very optimal and it probably didn't help in her experience with living there.
Please do make a video about the human experience for a bunch of famous architects! In particular might I suggest Kahn's work compared to something like Le Corbusiers D'unite or his houses in the Wiessenhof Siedlung. (I visited the Weissenhof houses myself very interesting in regards to "living in a machine."
Mostly what I wanted to say (although in your explanation of the open concepts it is very reasonable to maybe not disclose it as much), that although the vision and ambitions of architects like Le Corbusier en Mies, were well.. visionary. They could also be blinded by it, and their steadfastness could be at the cost of the end user.
In any case I love to see more content, you're doing great work! And it's a great refresher of the open plan concepts for myself.
Next week's video will be on Kahn! Stay tuned!
Ah. Her we go again. Loved his answer btw. Just wanted to add that a project should be personalized. A house doesn't need to accommodate everyone's tastes. Only the clients. So if there's a personal relationship with a client, then goes wrong, it's not crazy to believe that it affected the relationship with the actual house. I just don't get this wave of people that hates on the modern movement, even though they made great breakthroughs. I'm not saying it is how it's supposed to be done today btw. Just saying that they changed the course of architecture, in my perspective, in a good way. But the did, I can assure you
@@eduardoortega2505 I'm definitely not against modern architecture. During my courses at uni I got the impression modernism or the modernist masters get praised a little too much for their incredible design work in comparison to the user friendliness of the houses . I was trying to give a little more nuanced of a perspective.
A lot of the buildings of mies or Corbu are in fact incredibly designed they absolutely changed the face of Architecture in the beginning of the twentieth century no argument there. Have a nice day!
Keep making these, subbed 👑
Thanks, will do!
Great Content!
Great video and presentation!
Glad you liked it!
Love the content. Love that you respond to comments, adding a bit more info. I am a part of your community now. liked, sub and shared to friends and other architecture geeks.
Glad to have you!
Enlightening indeed, thanks. Love the channel
Much appreciated
Thanks for this!
Well done!
I have a school work to do , and your video is really great and helpfull , thanks ! I will subcribe
Good luck with your school work!
Love your videos! Thanks!
The Mies intro is hilarious, love it. Nice illustration at 8:10 I see what you did there :)
hey, are you my husband?
Beautiful. Thank you
I just discovered your channel and I must say I'm delighted by the quality of both the content and the presentation, congratulations. For this topic, I was wondering, why you didn't mention Mies's Crown Hall project? I was expecting to see this project in the list and I was kinda surprised you didn't mention it, let me know your thoughts.
1m in and its my fav vid. mies fan and never thought to check youtube till today. lol
Woow your channel is amazing! Subscribed👍🏼
Love your channel!
Loving these videos!! Looking forward to more!!
Could you do one on Kahn?
I can! Glad you’re enjoying the videos and thank you for the suggestion.
@@stewarthicks Yeah that would be awesome!
love the content. just subscribed. keep up the good work!
0:50 Wow, you and Mies van de Rohe in the same room. How cool is that? 😅
Just found you. Love the video and subscribed.
@6'16" - "poignant." Superb adjective.
The house is nice, but I wished several partitions. Maybe partial lattice-work so can divide within "offfice" space and "leisure" space
I wish more houses around me had the open plan quality. Is it just me feeling that this is the truly normal, and the most natural plan?
I wonder how it would be like if the edited scenes with the architects were like a interview with them
Wonderful, thanks!
Hi ! Can you please make a content on what really means the « last » architectural current like minimalism, contemporary,… I see so often misunderstanding of modern, minimalistic,… approaches 🙏
thank you, young Bill Paxton
thank you verry blessed , i really enjoy the explenations
Nice video 👍
Great video quality!!!
love it!!
I went from having zero interest in architecture to being three videos deep with NO signs of stopping
Yes!
Great work!
Thanks!!
Very nice video, but I find it incomplete when Villa Tugendhat was not even mentioned!
I am planning to do an entire video devoted to the building so I was saving it!
which programs or plugins u use to animate the linew at the layouts?
Its simple
Mies = open but have rule of GRID (farensworth house)
Ph. Johnson = free plan with floating splaces (glass house)
I was here too!!
Just imagine you live in the Farnsworth House and suddenly there is a giant Mies head coming from the sky looking inside your home.
The Farnsworth House would be very difficult to spend the night in, without the curtains closed. I mean the two-way mirror effect of you not being able to see outside, but knowing the outside can see you. Yeah I couldn't handle that place, give me some supposedly haunted house any night.
You should talk about builders some. If you want to..
Like who do you think?
@@stewarthicks Sorry, I just keep thinking about how do you find the skilled laborers to carry out these awesome designs made by the architect. Is there a rigorous vetting process or do you just trust someone who says they can do it? Does the architect hover over the build site making sure everything is to their satisfaction?
Crown Hall is a good example of open plan, in a more practical context than Farnsworth House.
"open plan" here i come!
Please can anybody do a transcription of what he is saying? It would be good for foreigner people. Thank you. Congrats for the video.
Nice work, as ever -though, FWIW, the pronunciation of "Le Corbusier" is closer to "Luh" Corbusier than "Lay ~ ." And of Lilly Reich, not a word ...
video 1 only structural and privacy walls
video 2 script the open spaces
video 3 do you really need a full wall or even a part of a wall?
Architects playing with new materials like steel and large glass panels in residential construction get treated like magicians. I'm not sure they are so special either. I appreciate the irreverence.
@@TheCriticalArchitect facts
I've yet to figure what 'articulated' means. I know what it is meant to mean: flexibly connected. What is the slab flexibly connected to, even metaphorically? Dunno.
Great house as a sort of experiment in living in a life-simulation project, but how does it work (I believe Farnsworth was living alone here) when someone wants to play their saxophone while the other wants to wind up the drum kit. Meanwhile Sam is cooking chatting to his friends who....stand back to the glass wall. Consequently no one can hear what they are doing and the cacophony batters them all.
An expensive revisiting of the peasant's one room hut. Can't see the benefit.
Hi Stewart!, do you skate?
No. Those are boards from my brother's skate company. He skates a lot. I just support him :)
@@stewarthicks Nice!
what fully articulated slab means?
It just means that it looks like a separate object, like a floating surface plane.
@@stewarthicks and also to make users aware of the overhead plane, somehow, rather than just a roof structure, as you were explaining continuity of ceiling in frank lloyd wrights house. As in your other video, can we call radial organization can be central but not all centrally organized can be called radial, will there be other method to organize like combining linear n cluster ???
Very good content. I would like you to speak with less haste and to be able to see better each item you mention. I am not an architect.
Thank you for the feedback. I’ll work on that.
@@stewarthicks I, on the other hand appreciate your pace. It's short and sweet. Although, I am a junior architect, so I understand why I have this position and others would not.
Watch the video at 0.75 or half speed. I do that on some house channels where they cram enough images into one second to make you epileptic.
Great video, but there's so much Vocal Fry!
some of these designs seem like they were made just to look at, and not to live in, that big wood structure in the middel of a house, that doesn't go up to the ceiling? Seems like a horrible dusttrap. Can you see yourself dragging a ladder in every weekend to dust of that thing. Seems like a nightmare.
Very interesting analysis on such an iconic piece of architecture. Might i recomend you take a look of Daniel Libeskind's Berlin Museum and give us the pleasure of hearing about your take on it.
Window walls at night are terribly unsettling. Nope!
I love this. Can you do a kickflip?
No, haha, those are gifts from my brother!
Faça legendas em portugues, por favor.
o🅱en 🅱lan
Can you please suggest a software that I can design a house, without the complication of AutoCAD ?.
Something simple, drop and drag, but effective.
Try Minecraft.
How long do we have to wait till an architect makes a house out off carbon fiber
Until an architect has a filthy rich client who wants to use an expensive material only because it’s cool, without any necessity.
"Born in Germany and worked there until 1938."
Gee. Wonder why 😋🇮🇲
Hap hazard
All visual and no discussion of ventilation.
이게 알고리즘에 왜 뜨지
SPOILER ALERT.
MOST OF THE MODERN HOUSES DESIGNED IN THE 1930s AND 1940s HAD HORRIBLE WATER LEAK AND MOISTURE PROBLEMS.
You might enjoy the video all about leaks.
I'm a fan of unique architecture. But over the years, I've learned that this kind of building is more like the concept cars of auto shows. Something that's done to make a splash and show off to the masses. Yet though we of the "great unwashed" may yearn for such style, we can never attain it. We get Levittown or today's version of it still being reproduced all over the country.
There's a reason Nobody in America makes houses with this "style".... Because it's cold, sterile, empty and dead... That's why people add colorful tiles on the floor, as well as many other accessories and themes to make it more comfortable, a human family would Never live in a house like this Pavillion
The walls and columns are not at all haphazard. The walls are placed very rigidly into subdivisions of the structural grid and they begin and end to modules of the grid. Nothing is ever haphazard in a vdR building.