@@Rainbowcolours09 Yoo dude, use the binding energy equation to solve the question. The equation with all those volume, surface ,.... terms , use that equation. Apply maxima and minima to that equation by differentiating with respect to Z
I don't understand what the symmetry term signifies. The coloumb term denotes the binding energy spent to overcome proton proton repulsion, what does symmetry term denotes?
The theoretical justification for this term is more complex. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions can occupy exactly the same quantum state in an atom. At a given energy level, there are only finitely many quantum states available for particles. What this means in the nucleus is that as more particles are "added", these particles must occupy higher energy levels, increasing the total energy of the nucleus (and decreasing the binding energy). This is an extract from Wikipedia(Semi Empirical Mass Formula) regarding the term(Asymmetry term).
As a working example, please consider a simple case of four nucleons A=4. They have to be filled in energy levels E, 2E, 3E, etc. Only two neutrons (and protons) can be accommodated in a single level, due to Pauli's exclusion principle. Case-1:- Let us assume there are two protons and two neutrons. N=Z=A/2=2. Both protons are accommodated in level E so are the two neutrons. Hence total energy will be E+E+E+E=4E Case-2:- Take the asymmetric case when N=3 and Z=1. Here single proton, as well as two neutrons, are accommodated in the ground state of energy E. One neutron is left and placed in level 2E. Here calculate the total energy it will be E+E+E+2E=5E. So we found that the total energy in the second case is larger than the first case. Hence the system prefers a symmetric configuration with N=Z=A/2.
You can refer the book on Modern Physics by Beiser,there its discussed(not in much detail) and then you can refer higher books too.What it actually denotes is the energy gap between the most energetic proton and most energetic neutron(for heavier nucleus) which arises due to the assymetry in the number of protons and neutrons in the nuclues.
rahul kumar saha I don’t know what books the professor has referred, but I can tell you some recommended books on Nuclear and Particle Physis 1. K.S. Krane, Introduction to Nuclear Physics 2. D.J. Griffiths, Introduction to Elementary Particles 3. Donald H Perkins, Introduction to High Energy Physics
Here are the books referred by the Professor: 1. Nuclear and Particle Physics - Kenneth Krane 2. Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics (World Scientific) - A. Das, T. Ferbel 3. Particles and Nuclei (Springer) - Povh, Rith, Scholz, Zetsche 4. Particle Physics a comprehensive introduction (Pearson) - A. Seiden 5. Quarks and Leptons (Wiley) - Halzen and Marti
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1. R=5fm
2. Be is more stable than B
3. Z=11.32 , Sodium
Correct I got the same one
3 Rd question how to solve??...😢...which formula we should use
@@Rainbowcolours09
Yoo dude, use the binding energy equation to solve the question. The equation with all those volume, surface ,.... terms , use that equation. Apply maxima and minima to that equation by differentiating with respect to Z
Thank you sir.... today my concept totally clear
put playback speed 2x ...
I don't understand what the symmetry term signifies. The coloumb term denotes the binding energy spent to overcome proton proton repulsion, what does symmetry term denotes?
Amit Singh take hc verma lecture then come here...
The theoretical justification for this term is more complex. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions can occupy exactly the same quantum state in an atom. At a given energy level, there are only finitely many quantum states available for particles. What this means in the nucleus is that as more particles are "added", these particles must occupy higher energy levels, increasing the total energy of the nucleus (and decreasing the binding energy).
This is an extract from Wikipedia(Semi Empirical Mass Formula) regarding the term(Asymmetry term).
Umer Butt Don’t have to be a jerk about it, help him or just keep your shit to yourself.
As a working example, please consider a simple case of four nucleons A=4. They have to be filled in energy levels E, 2E, 3E, etc. Only two neutrons (and protons) can be accommodated in a single level, due to Pauli's exclusion principle.
Case-1:-
Let us assume there are two protons and two neutrons. N=Z=A/2=2. Both protons are accommodated in level E so are the two neutrons. Hence total energy will be E+E+E+E=4E
Case-2:-
Take the asymmetric case when N=3 and Z=1. Here single proton, as well as two neutrons, are accommodated in the ground state of energy E. One neutron is left and placed in level 2E. Here calculate the total energy it will be E+E+E+2E=5E.
So we found that the total energy in the second case is larger than the first case. Hence the system prefers a symmetric configuration with N=Z=A/2.
You can refer the book on Modern Physics by Beiser,there its discussed(not in much detail) and then you can refer higher books too.What it actually denotes is the energy gap between the most energetic proton and most energetic neutron(for heavier nucleus) which arises due to the assymetry in the number of protons and neutrons in the nuclues.
Which books you have use for nuclear physics tell me total books please...
rahul kumar saha I don’t know what books the professor has referred, but I can tell you some recommended books on Nuclear and Particle Physis
1. K.S. Krane, Introduction to Nuclear Physics
2. D.J. Griffiths, Introduction to Elementary Particles
3. Donald H Perkins, Introduction to High Energy Physics
@@sreekarg9553 is the Griffith book a beginner level mr.sreekar?
Here are the books referred by the Professor:
1. Nuclear and Particle Physics - Kenneth Krane
2. Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics (World Scientific) - A. Das, T. Ferbel
3. Particles and Nuclei (Springer) - Povh, Rith, Scholz, Zetsche
4. Particle Physics a comprehensive introduction (Pearson) - A. Seiden
5. Quarks and Leptons (Wiley) - Halzen and Marti
Sir लाइन by लाइन clas notes chahie😊