Transcription Elongation in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica.[1] Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.
Eukaryotic transcription proceeds in three sequential stages: initiation, elongation, and termination
Once the initiation complex is open, the first ribonucleotide is brought into the active site to initiate the polymerization reaction in the absence of a primer. This generates a nascent RNA chain that forms a hetero-duplex with the template DNA strand.
After escaping the promoter and shedding most of the transcription factors for initiation, the polymerase acquires new factors for the next phase of transcription: elongation. Transcription elongation is a processive process. Double stranded DNA that enters from the front of the enzyme is unzipped to avail the template strand for RNA synthesis. For every DNA base pair separated by the advancing polymerase, one hybrid RNA:DNA base pair is immediately formed. DNA strands and nascent RNA chain exit from separate channels; the two DNA strands reunite at the trailing end of the transcription bubble while the single strand RNA emerges alone.

[@shilpanandy8576]

Respected sir I find your videw when I read in 1st year ..I regularly follow your videw and gain better result in 2nd year..now am in 3rd year...your study technique is unique ...and simple to understand for anyone..your voice Is so energetic..am always waiting for your new videw..(my 1st comment)

[@hussainbiology]

thanks Shilpa for appreciation..Glad to know that my videos has helped you.
Now within few days Termination of Transcription will follow.

[@user-ei4xd2ub1l]

Your lectures are very amazing who have rough idea of the topic and you make it crystal clear. No useless topic no extra stuff. Just quality content which anyone could ever provide. May allah bless you here and here after 💓💓💓✨. I hope you're preparing for your akhirah also ... Ur salah and other farz. Thankyou so much. May allah bless you immensely

[@hussainbiology]

Ameen............... and thanks.......

[@Scholarship_hunters]

I love the way you deliver lectures❣❣

[@hussainbiology]

thanks....♥️

[@ryugonzaga]

Oh god I'm in medschool and as you know, everything is online due to pandemic. This helps me a lot in understanding the concepts of the DNA thank you!!!

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation.
Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@sakshisingh8954]

I bet this channel would get success with millions of followers with respect 🤗

[@hussainbiology]

thanks Sakshi for appreciation..Glad u like my content.... Thanks again... Lots of love❤️

[@sabasehar7049]

Ossum explains vide of elongation keep it up ,✌👌👍👏🙌

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation.. Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

Dr. Hussain, Very nice! Thank you!! It's hard to comprehend such a complex process--requiring all those different proteins--evolving during the first 2½ billions years. I find the steps from elements to eukaryotes far more confounding and perplexing than the steps from eukaryotes to animals.

[@hussainbiology]

Thanks Michael . Ur analysis is great

[@mohdshahwaj5454]

Thank you sir ❤

[@ammarahchaudhary2820]

Excellent explanation 🤴,keep it up
Great work and plzzzzzzzzzzz upload next videos as early as possible you
Don't delay .

[@hussainbiology]

i don't delay deliberately , there are situations.

[@komaldiptianandmaisuriya4301]

Ty so much ..simple and understandable

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation...Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@anilchoudhary2813]

Sir...u are best...sir..I cleared all my doubt.sir...thankx.sir...u are working very hard...for us...

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️

[@worldtour987]

amazingly you teach

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

[@professionalbiologist]

Beautiful way of explanation
Really you are doing good job

[@SaritaSingh-sd3yt]

Thank you

[@hussainbiology]

most welcome

[@anamikagarg9703]

Best explanation on the internet ❤

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation

[@HariKrishnan-nb4uq]

❤️❤️

[@muralisrinivasan451]

Hello sir u r teaching technique ia easy to understand but in this video i had doubt what is rNTP s

[@ViniciusSantos-mv6zt]

they are ribonucleotides 😁

[@SamirKhan-ee6bd]

💗💗💗💗💗💗

[@abdullahansari8759]

Sir cell nd molecular biology k lia best book konsi hai easy nd detailed aor apna jo lecture dia hai iska data kis book se mila ga plzzz help ???

[@hussainbiology]

have replied

[@Bot12-w9u]

Why did you put these factors as it is ...if they were dissociated in the initation step..reply karzew zaroor sir

[@hussainbiology]

Samgh Turum ne sawaal keh

[@Bot12-w9u]

@@hussainbiology agr transcription factors dissociate hue initation step me to elongation phase me ye kaha se or aaye ..

[@tanu6464]

😊😊😊😊😊😊

[@misbashabir6514]

Termination part?

[@hussainbiology]

here is the termination part
ruclips.net/video/JkMCDSKPUV4/видео.html

[@misbahhussain1021]

Sir can abortive transcription occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

[@user-sm6yg2ft5f]

thats a lot to take in;

[@hussainbiology]

surely

[@sajinasasi2603]

Waitting for termination part

[@hussainbiology]

Will be available today by 7 pm....

[@sajinasasi2603]

Tanks lot sir

[@ammarahchaudhary2820]

Sir plzzzzzz upload next video .

[@hussainbiology]

Replied already in the previous comment that Video will be up by Monday or Tuesday.

[@ammarahchaudhary2820]

One video at Monday and second on Tuesday, that great .

[@hussainbiology]

no no.....only one video either on Monday or Tuesday ✌️

[@amanaparbin4390]

Are bhae aap ko kis chiz ka jaldi he etane speed bol rahe ho kuch samjh me hi nae arra
Jab koe esse samjhene ka niyat se pehelibr dekhega to ky samjhe ga
Note thic he lekin kisi ko samjha ara he ya nae ye bhi dhyan me rakhiye

[@hussainbiology]

theek hai.. i will be slow in video.. Apologies

[@mehbubayeasmin5592]

It is transcription elongation or translation elongation?

[@hussainbiology]

Transcription elongation

[@mehbubayeasmin5592]

@@hussainbiology the previous video is about translation initiation after that it is. Then where is translation elongation?

[@mehbubayeasmin5592]

@hussainbiology Check once please🙏

[@hussainbiology]

@@mehbubayeasmin5592 Plz check the whole playlist of Transcription Series

[@bijayatapatra826]

Plz make it little slower...

[@hussainbiology]

Plz play at 0.75x speed....😁

[@bijayatapatra826]

@@hussainbiology hmm got it

[@abdullahansari8759]

Plzzz

[@ammarahmehak9986]

sir plzzz plzzzzzzzzz upload next video before Eid , then Eid came and you said that I am busy that why I can't upload video plzzzzzzzz upload two videos at a time before Eid plzzz plzzzzzzzz it's a request.
don,t feel bad.

[@hussainbiology]

InshaAllah will try my best , but i think video will be after Eid bcz it takes time to edit a video plus the internet sucks here.

[@ammarahmehak9986]

No I am not agree with your point of view after Eid my uhs exam has been started . I thought at least you complete central dogma along with mrna and it group processing

[@hussainbiology]

Ur agreement or disagreement will not make me a Super hero so that i can make loads of video in few days only.☺️

[@hussainbiology]

It takes 2 days to make a draft , then one or two more days for recording and Editing..So one video is produced in 3 or 4 days....Now i hope u respect my work and appreciate the quality rather than quantity.
So