Inside the Smokestack of a Battleship!
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- Опубликовано: 17 май 2023
- In this episode, we're inside a smokestack talking about to reduce the number of stacks on a ship.
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When Ryan is old and gray and lost his mind he'll finish every conversation with, "Battleship New Jersey receives operating funds...." 😊
Thanks for what you do. I've learned a lot.
Made me chuckle HARD. Perfect response. ---- :) :) (old school)
Don't worry about your dress or appearance! You may not exactly resemble the average museum curator, you don't exactly run an average museum! Most of those folks just sit at desks all day- they don't have to go rooting around or even maintaining the inside of their artifacts very often. Seeing that there's a young, fit, blue-collar looking guy running this show gives me confidence that you can manage and organize the maintenance on this beast! I wouldn't have it any other way
Having your own Iowa class Battleship to play on and explore. Lots of work I am sure but DANG it must be fun
World's best curator, dressed appropriately.
You still didn't go into the smoke stack of the ship. You visited the uptakes. Plenty of room in the after funnel, just go up the vertical ladder on the aft part of the after funnel, open the hatch, then you'll have to turn sideways to get past the two larger vertical pipes partially blocking the opening. 😀
He's used the term funnel a few times. He did a video on the repair of the metal on top of the after funnel. He's also done videos where he was in other uptake spaces because they're used for storage of large parts. Lot more room in other uptake spaces to view the uptakes. Doesn't have the dramatic effect of squeezing into a tight space to look at an uptake
And, yeah, it'd have been nice to get into the actual funnel, but it might have required too much planning for what was clearly intended to be a short, easy video.
considering what substances there is in oil smoke I think he did a wise decision
@@janandersson5739 That's why he should do a video inside the funnel because it's nothing like that. It's a large funnel surrounding a large exhaust pipe. I was last inside it in 1990 and it wasn't dirty or sooty in the least
Sadly, we don't have the insurance of the Navy to climb that exposed ladder anymore lol. I'd personally love to because I'm an engineering freak and have spelunked around all the boiler and engine rooms. Still need a few more uptake visits
I find a little humor thinking that in WWII, we had smoke stacks that curved to deny the enemy a means of getting a bomb into the heart of the ship. Yet in Star Wars, .... (Death Star).... Just gonna leave this comment here. Thank you for everything you do. Appreciate it as always.
I really hope they pay Ryan and his crew well for all that they do for the ship and channel. Thank you all!
That and the drydock cost
Considering this is a museum that relies mainly on donations, probably not as well as he should be.
I think the Iowa class battleships were (and still are) the most beautiful ships ever made, and their two funnels are almost works of art. No more, no less.
I think the six stacks of USS Ranger (CV-4) make her look like a hot rod when they're sideways for flight ops. Definitely one of the most unique designs out there!
Looked great perform wierd but thats how you learn
@@b1laxson And in Navy procurement, sometimes learning takes much longer than a single carrier. The Gerald R Ford is finally implementing the lessons learned from US and Japanese carrier ops from mid 1942 onwards - the Essex and Midway were bigger Yorktowns (which were a good design), the and Forestal design was moving the strength deck to the flight deck after the experience from the Royal Navy and early US carrier operations through Coral Sea. Ford takes care of the re-arming problems and survivability problems (e.g. Kamakazi damage) learned from Midway through to the end of the war.
The design and engineering that happened over 80 years ago is incredible . Especially when we were in the era of slide rules, old fashion draftsmen as compared to modern day CAD CAM used today !
The metal workers and pipe fitters were artists. Those curves and joints in the trunking are beautifully made.
It’s a craft that’s now dead due technology, the workers are much dumber nowadays than the old days, see it all the time, and the young kids don’t have any drive
Can't imagine the army of draftsman it took to take the 10's of thousands of blueprints to build one of these. How many full time jobs it took just to keep them organized and updated and delivered to who needed to use them, all these jobs that don't exist anymore and they still got things done quickly in a way we can't come close to today.
@That Patriot people are just as smart as they always were, just focused on different things.
And plenty of young people have drive to do their jobs and to a good standard.
@@black07rr I knew instinctively that some muppet would blarp that nonsense out 😂
Ryan has shown us all the places on an Iowa that we didn't know were places. My nerd brain loves this.
The RMS Titanic , which was roughly the same length and displacement as the USS New Jersey , had 29 boilers for a maximum speed of 23 knots. Amazing what advances were made in ship propulsion in only 30 years. I'm sure that going from coal to oil helped a lot.
It also had a fake "funnel." Just like the fake exhaust on cars today to make it look faster.
@@tangydiesel1886 As I recall it wasn't entirely fake. It was used for something, just not boiler exhaust. Interior ventilation I believe. The Queen Mary's 3rd funnel similarly was not a boiler funnel but was used to ventilate the kitchens and machinery spaces.
@@WardenWolf It was for the third class smoke room and a vent for kitchen or something iirc
@@jermasus The grand fireplace and the first class smoking room as well as the kitchens and provided some ventilation for the engine room, there were also a set of ladders that the engineers could climb to get to a platform that they used for smoking/fresh air/lookout
Don't forget, she had reciprocating triple expansion engines and not steam turbines, that makes most of the difference.
My uncle stood watch on the back of the forward upper superstructure of Indiana watching the individual pipes or outlets. If smoke or sparks was emitting he would let them know from which opening it was coming out. He was hard of hearing later in life due to the main guns...
Seems 2 is a good balance for spreading out boilers for redundancy while not taking up more deck space then needed.
People comment on what you wear?? Some people's children. I love the videos. Keep up the good work.
“You people”!
Yes. We people, we lovers of all things Battleship. Show us more! ❤
Lexington, CV2, had a narrow scary catwalk between the forward end of the funnels and the mast or superstructure.
They'd make the new guys walk it, as told to me by a Lexington survivor.
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Damaged_USS_Lexington_%28CV-2%29_underway_on_the_early_afternoon_of_8_May_1942_%28NH_76560%29.jpg
One must keep in mind that these huge ships were build and designed without computers. A feat in itself.
It would be nice to have a video showing the crew and volunteers that help ryan keeping battleship new jersey alive and clean and all the great work everyone does i think they need the spotlight once and ahwile
I agree! They need a good job and thanks for pitching in. Just a bit more spit and polish on the brass rail. Kidding, of course...
Function has beauty. The Iowa's survived and the Yamato is a coral reef. Thus, I feel two stacks is superior to one.
I know you were using a common vernacular meaning "sunk" but in reality the Yamato is far too deep for a coral reef to grow! Coral needs light to grow and light does not reach that far down. LOL Good point though I agree 2 better than 1!
As cool as it would have been to have either Yamato or Musashi as a museum ship, politics would have never allowed it even if they survived. They sure as heck weren't going to let the Japanese keep her, and having such an iconic ship displayed as a war trophy in the US would have permanently soured relations. Even if they survived the war they would have been destined for scrapping.
It was MacArthur's policy of treating them with respect and helping them rebuild that turned them into one of our staunchest allies post-World War 2..
@@WardenWolf you mean vassal state
Do you think Titanic is a coral reef? Have you been on a coral reef?
LOL - at 2:00 - "we're gonna crawl in there" . . . better you than me, dude.
I'm glad YOU are gonna crawl in there and I'm really glad you are sharing your continueing adventures on RUclips.
clearly, you are unfamiliar with claustrophobia. . .
A big change that reduced the number of boilers was adopting water tube boilers over fire tube designs. Fire tube boilers are round tanks with tubes passing thru. Water tube boilers can run much higher pressures and you don't get boiler explosions. When a water tube boiler goes over pressure some tubes blow blow out. Some of the older battleships had a mix or coal fired and oil fired boilers or a boiler that could use both. Most of those boilers were removed in the 1920s and replaced with what was modern boilers of the time. BB Texas was originally built with coal fired boilers and modernized in 1925-6.
Both the 14 coal and 6 oil fire boilers on Texas were water tube and both were 300psi rated. When modernized, the new Dyson oil fired units had a considerably better total steaming rate than did the coal fired. In both case, as with all boilers, tube surface area is a significant factor in determining that. However, what really separated them was grate surface area of the coal fired boilers. You could only make the grates so large and you could only pile so much coal on them. Too little and the fire burns cold. Too much and you won't get good air circulation through the coal bed and it burns really dirty and inefficiently. On the other hand, you can keep adding burners to an oil fired boiler until you get it so hot that the tubes boil dry and/or you damage the refractory brick lining of the fire box. Running large orifice burner tips on the outermost burners on Dysons could erode the fire brick closest to them in the fire box. Texas' coal fired boilers could also supplement with oil, but they ran into problems with it. It got the fire hot enough to warp the grate bars, which then required pulling the fire, removing the bars and either replace them or beat them straight.
@@tomscotttheolderone364 Coaling was a lot of fun, too. My dad was an engineer in WWI. They had to wear whites. The coal was dumped on deck and the crew had to move it to the bunkers in wheelbarrows and buckets. They rubbed grease all over their bodies so the coal dust wouldn't get into their pores. I got some pictures of him coaling. On ships with large crews they got 1 gallon of water a day for washing. First they washed themselves (no showers), then they washed their clothes (no laundry for enlisted).
For the purpose of good looks, side by side dual funnels can be a cool look. I think the shape of the superstructure and masts along with the funnels is equally important for aesthetics of a ship, though. Someone mentioned how Titanic had a "dummy" funnel that was used for various subsystems but not for engine exhaust, nevertheless the builders made it look like the other stacks to make the ship look better.
Side by side funnels are often found on car ferries where there is a car deck through the middle of the ship so the designers locate the uptakes either side. See MV Isle of Arran or MV Stena Caledonia.
Interestingly Fred Olsen's Bolette and Borealis (formerly Holland America Line's Amsterdam and Rotterdam) have side by side funnels (although close together, not right at the edge of the deck), but below deck they are trunked through the centre of the ship and are structurally identical to the Zaandam and Volendam, which only have a single funnel. It's a wierd design.
Three! 😅😅😅 You look like Gulliver talking through that door.
Interesting that number of funnels being an indicator of speed. The Titanic and her sisters had four funnels but only three were functional. The fourth was a dummy 8n order to make them look faster.
The fourth vented smoke from the grand fireplace and the fumes from the fist class smoking rooms as well as the ship's galley.
Looking at ID tag for the hatch…
“Huh, it doesn’t say funnel!”
Little fun dig at Drach?
Interesting info.! I was really hoping you would show us some of the inside of the funnel beyond that tiny space....
This man is amazing. I’ve been watching this channel for awhile and I honestly think he knows more about that ship than the sailors that were actually stationed on it.😂🇺🇸THANK YOU FOR YOUR SERVICE.
If the Navy ever recommissioned New Jersey they would commission Ryan too.
Absolutely he does haha. There would be anywhere from 1600-2700 crew on board New Jersey throughout her career. The sailors were each trained for a very specific job and the ship is massive, so chances are most sailors never saw much outside of their working areas or where they could stroll around during downtime.
Perhaps the enlisted rating with the most general knowledge of mid sized and smaller ships was the Electrician's Mate, we not only dealt with machinery and equipment in EVERY part of the ship, but stood watches "down in the hole" as well. (spoken by a 1960s sailor)
@@markmark2080 from a late '80s sailor, on my ship when you finished qualifying for your underway EM watches you would have started on the IC watches. The reverse was also true. Pretty sure that my hearing loss was from SS Switchboard and Emergency Diesel Switchboard watches, and not from standing my "normal" Main IC Switchboard/Gyro Watch. Sounding and Security and DC Central watches were a given. When I left active duty I was also qualified for Repair Party Electrician and was working on Inport Duty EM.
As far as general knowledge goes, think for a moment upon how many compartments did NOT have a 1MC speaker, a sound-powered phone jack, and/or a dial telephone.
@@kevincrosby1760 Thanks for replying, YES, I was more of a VERY average "Gear head" when I went in with no particular interest in the movement of electrons, getting assigned to EM school was, at first, a disappointment that quickly changed. Standing watches in a 135 degree (I kid you not) diesel generator room on a WW2 LST in the tropical heat of blue and brown water Viet Nam, Steam turbine engine rooms on two other ships, changing reefer blower bearings down in a minus 10 degree freezer cargo hold in the middle of the night, stringing "Med lights" whenever entering a European Port, and my personal favorite was repairing/changing the aircraft warning lights at sea (only got to do it twice but each time took my camera up with me). It's kind of sad to think of the sailors who never really got to see their whole ship...After I got out of the Navy, that EM experience opened some Amazing doors for me that would have never happened otherwise...Cheers man.
I thought the configuration you showed was best in practicality.
Could you get a drone for views of the superstructure on topics like this?
It would have been great to look down into the funnel. I'm sure theres grates covering the opening
I've always wanted to find a way to vent them underwater eliminating the stacks altogether. That said, I think that the way some of the early CVs had their stacks laid to the side was a horrible idea. My idea stems from the way that the RAH-66 Comanche helicopter had be designed to have the exhaust gases venting the whole length of the of the tail boom in an effort to give them more room to cool before being pushed out of the aircraft to reduce it IR signature.
The less dense hot gas in a vertical tube assisted in getting the exhaust out of the ship. Chimneys don’t get built horizontally.
Love your videos and many of comments.. I had 5 uncle's in WW2 and all came home.. what a miracle
You dress just fine! Love the places you take us!
Again, thank you for uploading.
I pause the video and then I come back to it and then you just like oh hey over in this area is a wonderful pit of death
I like single funnel designs as exemplified by South Dakota class battleships and Des Moine class cruisers.
When I worked at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard we would Sun bathe on top of the stacks of the Perry Class Frigates. We had to work on the ECM room on top of the stacks and would periodically takes breaks.
Depends on the length. Iowa and North Carolina were long enough to have two funnels and enough deck space. SoDak not so much. I do appreciate the engineering of the SoDak. Best designed full treaty BB.
There are things that the US Navy does while ships are underway. They blow the Stack. The ship I was on did about every 2 hours. There were Watch posts at the stack, Aft Port, and Starboard lookouts. When that blew the stack you best not be around the vents This black, gooey, soot blew out it stuck to skin like glue.
They were divided so that each boiler had it's own stack inside the 2 main funnels. This allowed the BT's to clean the stack of each boiler without the stack gasses from the steaming boilers killing them. Never cleaned the stacks from a ship burning NFSO, but distillate fuel made enough mess that you couldn't tell a black sailor from a white sailor till we took off our goggles.
I’ve been waiting for this video since I started watching this awesome channel.
You have told me more in five mins , to help me understand ships workings , well done my mate
If your ship is optimised for speed, in the treaty/ww2 era, two funnels are probably the most optimal compromise of space/protection/plant distribution, depending on how exactly the steam and engineering spaces are laid out. From a purely personal and aesthetic view, two funnels always look more balanced than one. Older cruisers and destroyers can get away with more, but for me two is always the best looking.
Two things:
Bismarck’s speed was not affected by any of the torpedoes that struck alongside the engineering spaces. The below-waterline shell hit and maneuvering did more damage. Yes, the stern torpedo crippled the ship.
How were the North Carolina and South Dakota class’ engine rooms arranged?
Ryan, I do tend to agree with you on the funnel numbers. 4 stackers are generally a great looking ship. 4 stacker destroyers, cruisers, Olympic class, Lusitania class, Aquitania and some of the German liners. There are some 3 stackers that look good too such as the HMAS Canberra, a few of the british BCs and Queen Mary. There were also some great looking twin stackers as well like the SS United States. If Montana class had been built, hate to say it they would have looked even better than the Iowas. That being said the number of funnels that look good are alao directly related to the age of the ship. The Great Eastern was an impressive looking ship with 5 funnels, sails, a propeller, and paddle wheels. I also always liked the look of the Hindenburg that was scuttled at Scapa Flow. The picture of its funnels sticking out of the water will always be iconic.
My grandfather served on an old 4 stack Wickes class destroyer during WWII, DD-149 USS Barney.
Stern mounted diffusion funnels … saw it as a POC. Looked cool and was partially water diffused BUT also looked impracticable.
My grandfather served on a four stack armoured cruiser during WW1 Ryan the USS FREDRICK! If you visit the USS SLATER you can also see the four mufflers leading to the smokestack.
It is better to have fewer funnels because it allows you to route the smoke away from the fire control directors. They really do need to trunk the forward boiler rooms into a rearward funnel to avoid this, and that is exactly what the Iowa-class does. Two funnels, though, are better than one as damage to one of the stacks won't have as big an impact.
Interesting - I spent 90% of my time aboard Perry-class frigates with it's single stack for the 2 gas-turbines. Then again, I was an Airedale , so didn't pay much attention to the boat until I decided to get Surface Warfare qualified as well as Aviation and Aircrew qualifications - was actually rather FUN learning the ships systems.
The stacks are divided by fire rooms it was so the smoke watch can let them know if they are smoking black etc
Sometrhing enjoyable about watching Ryan trying to fit in small places
IRN Askold had 5 stacks, and had standard armament for 1st rate protective cruiser and almost 24 knots speed, which was pretty impressive for 1902 launch time.
You bring up good points that most wouldnt think about. I notice Massachusetts has 1 funnel. But, its about 150ft shorter, so Im thinking engine and boiler arent spaced and staggered. What about Essex class? Wasnt that spacing of machinery reason for the monolith stack on Lex and Sara? For that matter, Big E, Hornet and Yorktown had pretty big uptakes.
Essex class carriers had them paired together
Have you ever noticed how fast Ryan can say "Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial"? I wonder how many times a day he says that?
Ryan- Thank you for this video. My follow-up questions are: What is the purpose of this space inside the smoke stack? Who would go in there? When? Why? Thanks.
Boy, definitely nerdy to have a preferred number of smokestacks on a battleship... 😉
Love the old 4 stackers
Saratoga had one stack. Was handy in the winter. There were vents on the outboard side down at the flight deck level.
We would huddle back there to keep warm.
I just so happen to agree with you Ryan I love the old 4 stack Dreadnoughts and Dreadnoughts in general, the design is very imposing.. actually menacing. To see one approaching an enemy fleet billowing black smoke and advancing quickly had to strike fear in the hearts of many an able Seaman.
wonderful pit of death!! I love when Ryan stuffs himself into tiny spaces. you guys do such a good job. love the channel
Would be interested in seeing the top down view into the funnel. Maybe doable with a camera drone.
One stack for aesthetics. They're not practical, but the Richelieu class and Yamato class look so pretty. The King-Nimtiz design Iowa looks astonishing as well.
But for practicality, two stacks is probably best. Sufficient deck space saving, leaves enough interior space, and you minimize the effect that a damaged smoke stack would have. Instead of it effecting 100% of your bullets, a hit on a stack only effects 50% of your boilers. A good trade off imo.
More stacks more better
If I were in charge of a nation and producing or modernizing a gun-carrying battleship for surface combat, I wouldn't be wasting space on fuel boilers or smokestacks at all. I'd go right for the nuclear-powered design. Yes it is a liability if damaged, but it's also far more compact and reduces a huge amount of topweight, allowing the ship to be more stable and also have those engine and powerplant spaces even more heavily armored.
Armored trunking is about to enter the chat, I suspect.
Lexington was a crazy design. Glad it was reused for a CV. I think the two pairs design, which you seldom see, was interesting. I think two smoke stacks make the most sense and look good on the Hood. Again giant stack on Lexington (barf) next to useless 8" guns (double barf). Never sure what Brits were thinking on Dreadnaugts with mast just behind smoke stack (cough cough) with ranger finders (can't see anything as covered with hot soot, sir).
So much goes into these ships. More than people realize.
you guys should get a drone for these videos. Imagine how sick an intro would be from a drone POV getting closer to wherever ur at and then it shifts to the camera
Just finished building the Battleship New Jersey that you talked about about a month ago
we call it breeching into the uptake manifold and out the stack.
Thank you for responding to my request for showing the inside of the fore smoke stack.
This is a great channel! Thank you for all the hard work you guys put into it.
3 stacker like the County class heavy cruiser of the RN and the 4 stacks Omaha cruiser takes the cake when it come to multiple funnel ship, otherwise a single stack ship like South Dakota, Bismarck and Yamato are the most eyes pleasing to me(now that i think about it only the Kongos retained their second funnel in the IJN capital ships roster surely due to the argument you said about arcs of fire and centerline space, especially for the Ise and Fuso)
Battleship Texas called the truck space drying rooms because they were very hot inhaptable but perfect for drying clothes
One other aspect with ducting is any fans or similiar for airflow control. Forced draught means air forced (fanned) to the in side of the boiler. That increasded air mass also has to come out the "backside". with better air flow in less boilers needed for same horsepower thus easier to have less funnels.
Personally I like the two stacks look as it balances with the fighting tops with aux crt (boats or planes) in between where guns can't shoot anyway
You do a great job, thanks.
A quite a few years ago I was working with a company and I was working with a man and we were working on a USNS ship on the false stack, we were getting ready to leave and he dropped his flashlight down the big uptake. I was the one who had to climb down the ladder inside of it to get get the flashlight.
I think the old ships with four were very cool, but practically, I think one or two makes the most sense.
Thankyou master curator
I would bet that radar equipment for the MK-37 director is the High Voltage Power Supply for the MK25 radar.
I like single stack personally. Looks nice and clean. And arcs if fire to me seem most important of the many factors mentioned.
Could call them chimneys too, since those have the same function on land.
I agree 3 or 4 funnels is my ideal number.
I think two funnels looks good because together with the conning tower it kind of maintains a semblance to a full rigged sailing ship with lots of tall stuff sticking out above its deck.
5 is right out!
At the time the Iowas were built, I would think that stacks were going out of style and today a funnel is a great big bullseye for a heat seeker ordinance. Today if you built a big capital ship like a battleship, they would have the same power plants as the navy carriers today. Many ships if they use a turbine that also dumps its exhaust in the sea below water level hence little or no heat signature. 😊
Not quite correct! You are mixing the closed loop steam cycle with the fuel combustion path. Yes, a steam turbine exhausts into a main condenser which uses seawater inside cooling tubes to turn the exhausted steam back into pure boiler feed water. In a completely separate flowpath, the fuel ignited in the burners and then used to boil the feed water into steam must still exhaust through a smokestack unless you are using a nuclear reactor. The last oil fired Aircraft Carrier we built, CV67 USS John F Kennedy built in 1968 used smokestacks just like the New Jersey. I am fairly certain that "IR Heat Signatures" is not a concern for such a large vessel that has Jet Engine Exhausts running 24/7/365 on the flight deck. Also ships of that size have defensive systems to defeat weapons or aircraft using any type of Heat Sensors. I served aboard 2 Nuclear Powered Ships in the Engine room in case you wonder how I know this!
I'm a 2 smokestack person myself, but I can see where 4 would be nice looking as well. I used to play a game many years ago called Naval Ops Warship gunner where you could build and design your warship. I went with 2 stacks of different sizes. The lead stack was larger by 1 and half over the second stack. It was something that I like doing and it was very cooling.
Off the tour route, near the machine shop there is a door that is labeled in such a way as to suggest it too leads into the funnels. Did you ever do a video inside that space?
1 or 2 stacks depending on type. Obviously a CV will prefer to have smoke in just one spot. But, C# hulls and BB hulls would be 1 or 2. DD is a little more subjective based on details of role, but 1-3.
I'm a sucker for 4 stackers as well, but because I'm a huge Titanic nerd.
I hate to break it to you, but only three of the Titanic's funnels were actually connected to the engine rooms. The fourth one just vented the kitchen stoves.
@@JustSomeCanuck I'm fully aware, still a four stacker
I think 2 is the ideal number. Maximizes deck space so you can have more guns, better arcs of fire, etc as well as interior volume for ammo and crew. I feel like a single stack sacrifices way to much inside the ship, and 4 while looking attractive sacrifices to much on the deck. So 2 it is.
The number of stacks is largely determined by function. The ideal number is what it takes to contain all of the boiler uptakes while staying within a practical size. Boiler uptakes must stay within their design constraints of cross sectional area and the number and degree of bends you can put in them without reducing draft. Even if they could all be contained within one funnel, wide spacing between boilers may result in too many or too angled bends in the uptakes to fit, requiring them to be split between two funnels.
@@tomscotttheolderone364 Those are all valid design considerations of course.
I was just thinking out loud in an over simplified perspective of aesthetics and function I suppose.
@@sparkplug1018 Sure, I understand!
As an engineer, my opinion is two stacks it the most efficient use of space and is esthetically appealing as well. A single stack becomes unwieldy trying to get all the boiler uptakes to align with the single stack. Multiple stacks beyond two obstructs gun angles and uses too much deck space.
Wasn’t the very unclever boiler ducting of the Ark Royal largely behind it sinking from relatively minor damage by one U-boat torpedo?
I am surprised you didn’t mention the South Dakota class. Here is a class of ships of the same technological era as the Iowa class, with similar dimensions, capabilities, and technology, but only a single stack. You would think the Navy, with its abundance of engineering talent, would’ve done some sort of analysis as to which approach is better.
...or maybe they did, and that's why the Iowas we designed with twin "smoke stacks".
The military never 'engineered' anything. The lowest bidder did. Just ask Congress. I served, my brother served and so did my dad and two of his brothers.
Titanic had four, but one was just for show.
Now, that was weird.
And I can't imagine the noise the steam-venting made when the ship finally stopped.
I find that between 2 and 4 is an ideal range for funnels, aesthetically speaking.
Im a fan of five funnels in a gradient, each successive funnel is slightly lower than the funnel forward of it. But I'm also a big fan of dark smoke plumes. I have been known to trunk it down to two or three recently as I've been putting more Iowa stylized superstructures on my battleships. Not s huge fan of the British side-by+side style either.
i also agree 4 smoke stacks are the perfect number nothing more!!👍🏻🖖🏻😉
I'd go for three funnels bunched together in an Edwardian-like manner, but with the trunking arranged in a way so that the fire rooms are separated by watertight and armoured bulkheads for protection.
2, with rounded stack caps painted black.
No love for the macks (combined mast + stack), Ryan? The Knox class Frigates pulled that look off pretty well.