[HLHW] The Power of One: The Holocaust in Bulgaria with Aaron Cohen
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- Опубликовано: 27 окт 2016
- On March 1, 1941, Bulgaria officially joined the Axis powers. The stage seemed set for the deportation of the local Jewish community.
Thanks to the intervention of King Boris who refused to give in to the pressure of his German allies, thousands of Jews miraculously survived. Among them was Aaron Cohen, born in Plovdiv in 1929. Despite the dramatic events unfolding around him, Aaron spent a relatively normal childhood and youth, going to public school and preparing for the Youth Aliyah. In the fall of 1944, several weeks after the Soviet entry into Bulgaria, he emigrated to Palestine where he helped found Kibbutz Urim in the Negev. Eight years later, he moved to the United States. In this presentation he shares his remarkable story of resilience in adversity and the power of one person to make a difference.
Date and Time: Oct 5, 2016 at 5:00 pm
Location: Seuss Room, Geisel Library 
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My uncle is a Bulgarian Jew whose family was saved by the Bulgarian people....truly a blessed and an amazing people long live Bulgaria!
The sad thing is that right now Bulgaria is dying at terryfing rate
@@lurky6439 why?😢
@@MrPickledede well in 25 years we lost 26-25% of our population and most of our south parts dont even speak bulgarian (we basically lose 50000-60000 people every year by daeth and emigration)
@@lurky6439 What is the causes of the large loss of the population and Bulgarian speakers? That is horrible!!
@@MrPickledede In 1997-2001 Ivan Kostov sold the 90% of the industry for scrap ,the gold ore deposits,the silver ones too,the rights for the rose oil and etc.Whitch left the coutry without work for the people and they simply left so they don't left there chieldren to starve and live in misery (right now we are rebuilding slowly dont worry).The lost of the south is the problem it comes from turkish broadcast of news,music and etc.Nothing out of the ordinery so does you think.This lead whole regions on Bulgaria forgeting there launguage and turkish imigrands refiling the places left by bulgarian emigrants.
Very interesting. I visited Bulgaria in 2018 and fell in love with its beauty and welcoming people. Hearing this heroic part of their history just makes me love Bulgaria even more.
And we love you too :)
I was there in 2004 . Plovdiv and the Rodopi Mountains. The people there are lovely . I couldn't find my hostel as it didn't exist and it was a bar ( thanks to my outdated travel book ) I had a drink in there and one of the locals took me in for the night and looked after me . I salute Plovdiv and Bulgaria as you ' ll always have a place in my Liverpool heart ♡
I visited Bulgaria on many occasions over a period of 20 years and the country and its people are very fine indeed. Bulgaria is the only country in Europe that refused to give up its jewish people to the Nazis during WW2
As a Bulgarian listening to your perspective of this story was very interesting . I saw the events with a new light .Thank you for that .
That was our national hero Vasil Levski's dream, a pure and holy republic for everyone, he gave his life to this, fighting the Ottoman enslavers.
It was not a republic at that time though. And you don't need a republican system if you got a proper government and tsar!
This guy was russian spy and not a national hero , a traitor to the bulgarian nation
@@khanusmagnus577
Who?
@@khanusmagnus577 кой we :D
@@khanusmagnus577 Who ? Vasil Levski? That is the most ridiculous comment I have ever read in my life! Lol
God bless you Aaron Cohen, God bless your family and Israel! Greetings from Bulgaria!
many thanks to the Bulgarian people
Interesting fact about Bulgaria, in the capitol city of Sofia very close to one another, actually you can see the other three buildings from each one of them, there is an orthodox church, catholic church, mosque and synagogue.
That is absolutely true!!!
Because it's the place of the alignment and agreement formed between those 4 cults mentioned.
They teamed up, or were created in Bulgaria. The year 800 to 900 somewhere
Using a new writing system all throughout Eurasia. CYRILLIC SCRIPT
It became national script for and used by tukic, Mongolian, Slavic, Caucasian, iranic, ulralic speaking countries
I want to say thanks to Mr. Cohen, he made me feel proud of my ancestors! Greetings to the Jewish people, from Bulgaria - You are always welcome here!
This story brought tears in my eyes. I feel very proud to be a Bulgarian right now. If we stand united and brave we can fight evil.
Also, he has a clear Bulgarian accent which made me smile :)
I am Bulgarian, but not proud with Jewish suffering and humiliation...
@@novozagorec Защо сте толкова разстроени от евреите, ако знаете колко пъти са предавали Иисус и да не кажем сега, ръководени от САЩ са агресивни към палестинците.
@@novozagorec
You understand, that Bulgaria saved so many jews, right?
In schools the Jewish children were affraid to appear with the yellow stars, but they had to... And their Bulgarian classmates also put yellow stars, just not to separate their Jewish brothers and sisters...
This story is very noble
@@haunebu421 я млъквай
Sounds made-up.
Dear Mr Aaron Cohen, Thank YOU from the bottom of my heart for keeping alive the memory of brave and good Bulgarian people. I live in Plovdiv now, and this city will not forget your story either. I am also grateful my children are able to listen and learn from your fascinating speech, so they add another reason to be proud with their Bulgarian ancestors. God bless you and your loving family!
Bulgarians are amazing, you have to visit the country,to learn the history of them..God bless them
It was amazing to hear your perspective and to learn new things! Thank you for sharing! I hope that we, Bulgarians, can regain our true spirit and understanding, good luck to all Bulgarian and Jewish people!
Just one more point for the reason why Bulgaria joined the Axis. Bulgaria stayed neutral for a very long time, however only the Axis offered them to reclaim lost territories from WW1, if Germany won.
Hello, I have my knowledge from Bulgarian history books and discussions with teachers on the subject. I am happy to hear your point so we can discuss it.
Yes, I am.
След края на войната през 1913, България увеличава територията си като цяло, дори след загубата на част от Македония. Докато последици от Ньойски мирен договор, са достатъчно добре отразени из изворите.
One correction - not just to reclaim lost territories from WW1, but in fact, territories where the population was predominantly Bulgarian at the end of the XIX century and the beginning of XX century. This was the Bulgarian quest ever since Liberation day (the 3rd of March 1878) up until WW2 - to unite the lands on the Balkans with predominantly Bulgarian population. This quest however was opposed and stopped by the British government and all their allies because it was and still is against their interest to preside.
Whichever super power wants to have the upper hand must control the Balkans because of the region's strategic location - on the border between Europe and Asia. This explains why the Balkans are so divided into little states - because it is easier to control smaller separated groups of people than a larger power. To this very day the region is still of utmost importance to the ruling elites of the current super powers in their struggle to dominate the world.
They were at the border in that time, and Bulgaria had no choice, but join them, instead of destruction.
I'm originally from Sofia, Bulgaria. As a huge history buff this was an interesting history lecture. It was the Bulgarian people alone who convinced their government to ultimately not deport the Jewish people to Germany, and who realized what Germany was doing was real messed up. Even though Bulgaria lost 10,000 Jews, the other 25,000-40,000 were saved. The Bulgarian People were the heroes for protesting back then.
По отношения на статистике от тогава има 50 хиляди евреи и няма жертви от 10 хил. от тях. 50 хил си остават и след войната като голяма част от тях се местят в Израел.
@@vasil.kamdzhalov Жертвите са от администрираните от царството окупирани Македония и Тракия.
@@todortodorov5299 Знам, ако така ще го гледате бройката за България само е 50хил.
48,000 were saved. 11,343 were sent to concentration camps. Less than 10 of them survived. I think 7 or 8.
I can tell this guy was born here and speaks Bulgarian by the way he pronounces the names of the cities and I am just 15 minutes in.
I am living now in the Jewish neighborhood in Sofia. The synagogue still stands. As well as the Sofia central market. But no much else remains. I didn't know much about its background until very recently. I understand 5/6 thousand Bulgarian Jews still live in Bulgaria. Many sephardic jews who arrived from Spain after 1492. Shortly after the end of the Granada War, the Catholic Monarchs signed the decree of expulsion of the Jews in Granada. Many settled in Bulgaria. At one point there were 60 thounsand Jews in Bulgaria. Most emigrated to Israel after 1945. I can tell you that even today it is one of the liveliest neighborhoods in Sofia. Very international. You can see Jewish tourists from time to time. There is one Kosher shop not far from the Romanian church, two blocks away from the Sofia Synagogue. The synagogue is located in an area unique in Europe. There is a mosque, a Orthodox church, and a Catholic church in the same area. A testament to the religious tolerance in Bulgaria.
Well in 1941 Hitler arrived at the northern border of Bulgaria with an army of 600 000 man and we had two choices a) fight he Nazis and be obliterated or b) let them pass trough Bulgaria on their way to Greece. We did the second. On top of this, Bulgaria lost 50% of its territory during WWI. On these territories Serbs and Greeks started a small Holocaust against the Bulgarians. The Bulgarians had to either give up their national identity, emigrate or face the consequences. Since we had the strongest army in the region and a strategic location, Hitler tried to lure us into fighting the USSR. We never did that and were the only country in Europe (besides Switzerland) with a Russian and a German embassy. At that time most of the land we lost during WWI was part of the German Reich. So Hitler agreed having Bulgarian administration in those lands, but of cores all decisions had to have the German final approval. This is why we couldn't save the Jewish population from the "new lands" and about 11 000 people perished. We managed to save only the people from the old realms of the Bulgarian kingdom 50 000 people, who were also Bulgarian citizens. Now comes the big topic. Since Former Yugoslavia tried to annex parts of Bulgaria, we were their biggest enemy. For 70 years Serbs spread hatred against Bulgaria and declared us 'even more nazi than the Germans', although 200 000 Jews form Yugoslavia were murdered (they tend to forget this). Hating your neighbors is the norm on the Balkans. This basically continues to this very day. The place, where things are pretty bad is Northern Macedonia. Before 1944 the population there was Bulgarian, but with some ethnic cleansing and concentration camps, the Serbs managed to convince them, that they are Descendants of Alexander The Great and Cleopatra of Egypt. Serbians devised a new nation born out of hatred to everything Bulgarian. What Serbian chauvinism is capable of, you have seen during the Yugoslav wars (The worst crimes against humanity since WWII). The same happened to Bulgarians in Yugoslavia with the difference, that back in 1944 there was no CNN to report it. Were there any Nazi supporters in Bulgaria? Yes, but were only a marginal group. Both the King and the political elite never sported the Nazi ideas and knew that Hitler is a maniac, who will eventually loose the war. Because the King was against the german plans, he payed with his life. Died form poisoning few days after arriving from a meeting with Hitler. Why the master race ideas never took hold? Well, it was basically very difficult to teach the Bulgarians to hate their friends and neighbors, just because of different religion.(Quite different from the rest of Europe). So, the guy pretending to be a Bulgarian is actually either Serb or Northern-Macedonian on a hate rant.
Serbia had same choice 1941 but Serbs stand up and fights. Serbia were occupied mostly by Germany but some part occupied by Bulgaria. Rest of Yugoslavia was Nazi puppet state called Croatia. Serbs didn't killed Jews at all cos they didn't have any power. Actually nearly one milion Serbs died in conc camps together with Serbs. But in Bulgaria during 1941 to 1945 Bulgarians control Bulgaria and by that all murdered Jews were killed by Bulgarians people and don't write bs and trying to clear yourselves as Bulgarians. After so many years all Nazi puppet states including Germany want to change history and clear their conscience and trying to made Russians as worst. In future we will read how Germans are not quilty at all or Germany alias they were simply make small mistake. It's obviously American fascist propaganda as CNN BBC etc. That's why we hearing every day how Russians are bad but all Nazi state are democratic and good by western countries leading with USA. You disgust me people like you taking rubbish and making opinions about stuff you don't know at all but you watch youtube and TV news and believe in West propaganda. You are idiot.
@@sasablagojevic3256 Well, until th 1850's, all the lands until Nis, with Nis included, had a majority of Bulgarian population. My great-grandmother was from Leskovac. She left that place together with her entire family of 12 people to Bulgaria because they were persecuted by the Serbs in the beginning of the 2nd Balkan war.
She said to me that back at the time there were 5 Bulgarian neighborhoods in Leskovac and 1 Serbian. Her youngest/oldest brother, however, identified as Serbian.
@@sasablagojevic3256 They can call themselves whatever they want after you force them in concentration camps to not be Bulgarian :D
@@sasablagojevic3256 say that to the jews that gave to Bulgaria the monument in Varna with which thay express thair gratitude... gratitude that Bulgaria did something that no other country in Europe did back then. Serbians... ahhaha you serbians were the first allies to the ottomans ... and not only that ... lets not forget Srebrenica, it wasnt even a long time ago.
@@sasablagojevic3256 Let's see some of these fascists according to Yugoslav propaganda:
1. Shteryu Gulev, son of Pitu Guli, mayor of the village of Adantsi, Krushevsko - 1941-1944. He committed suicide in October 1944 when Tito's Yugoslav partisans were allowed into his native village.
2. Milan Antonov Gotsеv - nephew of Gotse Delchev - mayor of Kumanovo 1941-1944. He died in Sofia at the age of 104 in 2010 as a pure BULGARIAN and "fascist" according to Tito!
3. Andrey Poparsov, brother of Petar Poparsov - mayor of the village of Bogomila - killed in 1944 by the Yugoslav communists.
4. Gergi Karev - brother of Nikola Karev. Mayor of Krushevo - killed in Idrizovo - 1950.
5. Hristo Miladinov - grandson of the Miladinovi brothers( who written Bulgarian Folk Songs in 1961) - Bitola vice governor killed by the communists - 1944.
And many others.....
Therefore it is not good to speak with the slogans of the communist Tito, Tempo and other Macedono-Bulgarian murderers.
Yes, little known story. My grandfarher was one of those saved, he spent WW2 in a working camp, not concentration. He was still able to visit opera concerts in Sofia during "free time".
Ние,никога не предадохме еврейските си комшии,съседи и приятели!
Да се знае!
Мисля,че в вашия музей,,Яд'' България,Царя и българският Народ трябва да бъдат ,,Праведниците на този Свят!""
Уф,извинявай...сега забелязах,че си от нашите евреи...
My thanks for providing this stirring dialog with Mr. Cohen. I have many loyalties vulcanizefc in the fires of resolve that speak of great heroism, but few speak so clearly as King Boris, and the Saint of the Orthodox Faith that tell of tolerance and love. Bless you from the core of my being for being as God intends us all to be.
Вечна ,Слава на България !
Народът,който не искаше да воюва със абсолютно ....никой!
Народът ,който каза ,,Не,,!
Very touching and sIncere, Mr Kohen. Thank you!
And true about Bulgaria and Bulgarians.
Just to add, during WWII, many Juish boys and girls from Bulgaria had joined anti-nazi armed Resistance (in Bulgarian mountains) and even lost their lives in battles. RIP
Shalom from Plovdiv.
Екскремент комунистически, каква съпротива те гони, ма?! Имало е 200 регистрирани обирджии на мандри лол да горите в ада с дядовците и бабите ви, че съсипахте хубавия ни народ и Родина. Как нямаш срам да не се изкендзаш под това видео, отпадък шумкарски. Дядо ми е бил офицер от ВВС на Царство България, от "Орлите"! Православен чист българин- познай! Имам вкъщи еврейски звезди, които са носили с баба! От СОЛИДАРНОСТ С ПРИЯТЕЛИТЕ СИ. Познай, отрепко комунистическа! Звездичките са пренебрежимо малки, едва се забелязват! От Съпротивата били.... Да ви беше изтрепал до един Цар Борис, съветски изроди и национални предатели. Срам за теб и предците ти, отпадък. Ако ми отговориш, следващия път ще пиша на английски и френски, за да разберат повече хора какво лайно си ти и анцесторите ти. И Димитър Пешев вкарахте в лагер, боклуци мръсни, а сега се пишеш "борец за Свобода". Нагли съветски въшки 🤢🤮Има Бог
Made me cry
Thank you for sharing your story it was very interesting to hear.
What a beautiful story ❤
I am really proud that my ancestors have contributed to such a great cause as rescuing all these jewish people. I grew up in small village near this town Kyustendil who has important role in the story. I recently learned about its brave habitants ,who have gone to the internal minister appealing for salvation of their jewish neighbours.
such an amazing gentleman...and so educated and sharp minded 🤍🤍🤍
Благодаря Ви ! Thank you, great video !
An informative and amazing history lesson. Thnak you good Sir
That was very interesting video. There is only one thing I want to correct. The King Boris have been actually Tsar Boris and Bulgaria have not been Kingdom, it has been Tsardom. I just heard you call the Russian ruler Tsar, but the Bulgarian one King. The title "Tsar" is higher that the title "King". Tsar Simeon I, is the first ruler who proclaim himself for Tsar during the 10th century. Lately during the rule of his son Peter, the East Roman Empire admit the title to Peter, but with the addition, calling him "Tsar of Bulgarians, but not Tsar of Romans". This is because the title Tsar is considered to come from the name "Caesar" and is considered to be equal to the title Emperor, which mean the East Romans proclaim Peter for "Emperor of Bulgarians, but not Emperor of Romans".
Yuliyan Milenkov just a quick correction while names like Peter and Petur and Samuil and Samuel and simmilar and probably come from the same name they are still different names.
No , they are the same names. You even said it yourself, they come from the same root. Both names are biblical. Peter, Petar, Petur, Petros - all the same name.
@@alexmilchev5395 They are the same, they just sound different in different languages.
Can you be my history teacher 😂
The first tzar in the world is Simeon I the great 893-927 and the last tzar is Simeon II 1943-1946, both from Bulgaria. Well, the latter one is the opposite of Simeon I :( - totally awful person - stupid, corrupted - he even became Bulgaria PM, nobody else has such CV - tzar and pm..
The Bulgarian Church is Orthodox no catolic .
When my mom went to Israel she was really shocked how reseptive people were of her, and her driver actually mentioned the fact that it was because she is bulgarian and they appreciate us even today still . We know our history of course but we still did not expect it would come up in such a way. Our people have a lot in common actually , great injustices were done to us. When I look back I am honestly not surprised our ancestors refused to do these horible acts since slavery under the ottoman empire was still fresh in their minds, I am glad for once our country did the right thing, when all other civilized countries blundered.
Why "for once"? When did bulgarians do the wrong thing?
@@thatisme3thatisme38 , we don't :) But we have been on the "wrong" side of the history several times :) That lead us to lose almost 1/3 of the lands populated with bulgarians. I won't even mention the manpower and financial losses.
@@0xe849 being on the wrong (losing) side is not the same as doing the wrong thing.
@@thatisme3thatisme38 , sometimes being on the wrong side force you to do the wrong things. For example Bulgaria is blamed for being on the triple pact side, no matter that we were forced to do this. If you ask North Macedonians or Serbians, I am fascist for them only for being bulgarian. Yeah bulgarian jews was saved by bulgarians, but these who was in today's North Macedonia was not (no matter that we could not saved them, because these lands were not part from Bulgaria but only administrated by Bulgaria). And serbians and macedonians are blaming Bulgaria and bulgarians for this. They don't even blame the germans because the germans apologized for killing Jews, but we didn't apologize even though we didn't killed Jews. This is what to be on the wrong side of history. The question of whether Bulgaria's assistance in exporting the Jews from Macedonia was right or wrong?
@@0xe849 that's because they are ignorant. the germans shipped out the jews from macedonia. there are documents now confirming that.
you cannot argue with ignoramuses nor should you be ashamed of your history because some clueless people accuse you of something you have not done.
I am Bugarian and proud what my nation did for its Jewish people! We are the only country in Europe to do such a brave , heroic thing in such dangerous times! I hope that the Bulgarian tzar Boris lll will be one day honored as "Righteous among the nations" for saving thousands of Jewish lives! ✡ Love & Peace!
Do not hide the real historical facts&truth! Instead being "proud" you should be ashamed!!!-In 2WW Bulgarian Army, as part of the Hitler's allies, occupied Macedonia and killed lot of Macedonians and most tragically! as fascists- Bulgarians sent to Treblinka, the concentration camp for exterminating the Jews, 7000 Macedonian Jews!!!, for which the witnessing facts are in the Museum of Holocaust in Skopje, the capital of Republic of Macedonia/Macedonia Timeless!!!
Denmark also saved its Jews. And Boris III will never be acknowledged by Israel, because they believe he did not do enough to protect the Jews.
In that labor camps - the Jewish man worked for 2-3 hours and than they were DRINKING AND SINGING WITH THE GUARDS (sic!). Every Friday they were able to go home and at the 1 of September the students were free to go to school and at 1 of October the camps were closed because it got cold.... You probably do not believe that, but that is exactly that way....
5 years later, it’s more vital than ever.
I'm from the same city Plovdiv and as kid I was playing game Jew, Turks, Armenian. It was fantastic time.
Mr Cohen, thank you for your testimony ❤️ it’s sad that your father’s best friend and the two saints as you’ve called them that have helped with saving us were treated as “enemy of the people” by the communist after they came to power. Thank you once again for the lovely lecture!
I am Bulgarian and i had tears in my eyes to know that people actually acknowledge the things my forefathers have done and my country and WE WILL DO IT AGAIN IF GOD FORBID THE NEED COME AGAIN
A nice talk. I would like to correct some minor historical mistakes - not Ivan Shishman, but his father Ivan Alexander married a Jewish woman. She is the mother of Shishman. And it was not in the 15th, but in the 14th century.
Regarding her name - she was called "Sara" by Ivan Vazov who wrote a theather piece in the 20th century. We actually don't know her real name because there are no historical sources mentioning it.
The Russian Tsar who liberated Bulgaria was not Nikolay, but his son Alexander II.
this is bullshit and a complete conspiracy , no bulgarian king has ever married a jew , let alone 700 years ago
@@khanusmagnus577 We have had rulers who married Armenian, Greek, Serbian & Tatar women.
@@Shuforces1 How does that prove that a Bulgarian monarch married a Jew?
I think it's simple: in our Bulgarian psychology we judge people by what kind of a person they are, and that's it. As a kid in Bulgaria I had friends who were partly Greek, partly Russian, partly Armenian - nobody there cares; this is like being a merchant, a doctor, a shop owner - all are still Bulgarian. Later on when I lived in other countries I learnt how much importance other cultures give to origin.
Being in the same position as you absolutely agree
I think you're full of it. I don't have these conclusions at all and I've lived in Bulgaria my entire life.
Thank you very much for this movie! One comment - Mr. Cohen said that officially the Tzar has disappeared when the documents for deportation needed to be signed. There are pieces of information that at that time many people, including the Tzar, have been working to overcome the deportation. However these acts couldn't be official and need to be reviled, but somehow historians do not dig that much into it or their opinions differ. Another fact is that Tzar Boris III died shortly after a visit with Hitler few months later with poisoning symptoms. One of the versions is that the Bulgarian Jews salvation couldn't be forgiven. This version is not proven, not denied. The other sad fact is that many of the other supporters described have been sentenced by communist courts after the war.
Than you so much for the Kaddish to the Tsar Boris III, sir!!
32:00 you dont know,but we know.It was my spiritual Master Beinsa Douno(Peter Dunoff,the founder of the White Brotherhood in Bulgaria) ,who intervened,through his student,the advisor of Tzar Boris III,Lyubomir Lultchev.He told Lulchev to tell the Tzar,that if 1 Jew leave Bulgaria in this way(to the nazi conc.camps),from the Tzar and his family and dinasty nothing will be left.Lultchev went to find the Tzar,but couldnt.He came back to the Master ,who saw clearvoyantly that the Tzar is in his residency in Krichim,where he is hiding(from anyone opposing his signature,giving green light to the transportation out of the Jews-a decision he didnt want to do ,but was forced by Hitler).Tzar was found by Lultchev,and witnessed by another brother from the Brotherhood(who told the story later),Tzar destroyed his own order and cancel it.This is a story known well in the Brotherhood circles,to what I belong for 30 years,but not so widely known outside of them,even in Bulgaria.So,here you have it.
oh and btw.Master Beinsa Douno was actually secretly advising the Tzar through Lultchev,who was Master's good pupil,a military officer and an advisor of the Tzar(as Lultchev was also an advanced occultist himself),with exclusive access to the Tzar.Tzar was not a nazi,nor he simpatized to this philosophy,nor liked Hitler.He was more forced into cooperation with the nazis,more from forces from outside(incl.Bulgarian nazi sympatizers,who were a lots in Bulgaria at that time,on all levels),as well as by his position as a Sax-Coburg and Gotha(the same family as the English Queen btw!they changed their family name to Widsor just after the war with Germany began,to not piss off English ppl),etc. In fact he called Hitler and his party "crazy ppl"(in a private conversation with Lultchev,described in his diary),after one of his returns from visit of Hitler in Germany.That position of the Tzar towards the nazis,was the cause of his death at certain point.Officially,he died of heart attack(just after coming back from his last visit of Hitler),but many evidences show he was poisoned by Germans during the visit with a special slow acting poison,what caused the heart failure.
Great story, what makes me sad is that, the people that did this act of mercy and help those people in very difficult moment, most of them lost their lives as Nazi-phashists from the "People's Court" this is the Bulgarian version of the Nuremberg process. In Germany was sentenced to death 12 people, in Imperial Japan was sentenced 9 people to death, in Bulgaria was sentenced and killed over 2300 people to be phashists. Peshev was sentenced to 15 years in prison.
According to Stefan Tzanev, Queen Ioanna saved the jews . One morning the King Boris went to the royal garden to see all roses were torn . He confronted the Queen - What did the roses do to you . Queen Ioanna answered - And what did the jews do to you ! Do not underestimate the authority of wives in their families !
TIME STAMPS!
Just a little remark: The Russian Tsar Nikolay is called "Deliberator" not because he helped in the deliberation of Bulgaria but because he have deliberated the russian serfs in the XIX-th century.
Also, it's not Nikolay but Alexander II. Nikolay II is his grandson, the last tzar of Russia.
I thought it was Alexander who liberted serfdom
Many people don't talk about our saving of jews its really sad. Thank god I live in this nation with beautiful nature to know it
Now I know about your saving Jews, I pray to God to help a Bulgarian person 🙏🏻😊
Fun fact. We may not be using RUclips now if the father of John Attanassoff the inventor of the digital computer (and any digital device) did not survive a shot fired by the turkish soldier while he and family were fleeing the ottoman army. His grandfather was however killed by the ottoman turk army.
Many people contributed to the creation of the modern day computer.
@@slyapbg the concept of digital computer was essentially his. It's the basis of all components. His design of ram is also what is still being used
So many stories how ordinary Bulgarians helped Jews in Bulgaria..... even illiterated farmers signed a petitions to the Tsar to save them, by their finger prints ...... now, may be, that is the Stamp of God ...
The 11 000 Jews coming from the Aegean-area ( Беломорието ) who perished in the Nazi death camps had not been under Bulgarian jurisdiction and sorely could not be saved as the 48 000 Bulgarian Jews coming from Bulgarian old lands !
Do not forget Jews from Pirot, a town in southeastern Serbia, also occupated by Bulgarians who considered that region as so-called Western Bulgarian provinces. They annexed the Pirot region and incorporate it into Bulgaria. What is more, they brought three Jews from Sofia to administrate deportation who came back home.
It is conveniently forgotten that these lands were occupied by Germany and Germans did not want the Jewish population of these lands to get Bulgarian citizenship. the Bulgarian government cannot protect non-Bulgarian citizens. Also, according to most of the world, these are not old Bulgarian lands. So the question is what did the local population do to prevent the deportation? the answer is absolutely NOTHING. in Bulgaria it was pressure from the population that prevented the deportations.
@@RositsaPetrovarjp7 Thank You very much for quick response. I read dozens of scientific books, articles, and documents (and TV series Недадените) concerning the issue, but I never have seen such an apology, so please send me facsimile ore photo of document(s) that prove "Germans did not want the Jewish population of these lands to get Bulgarian citizenship". Local population was under occupation and afraid for their own lives, but three of them, saved two children and a man during the night of deportation. State of Israel honored them as Righteous Amongst the Nations. Bulgarians should be very pride of Dimitar Peshev, Elin Pelin, Metropolit of Plovdiv, bishop of Vidin and thousands of citizens who saved their Jewish neighbors and friends, but they leaved in the state and under government they elected. Please do not judge to the people who were under threat to die in the case of helping to save others life.
@@dejanciric8502 a matter of choise and smart leadership. sadly we don't have it now, nor you btw
@@dejanciric8502 ruclips.net/video/r6-abdwb-Eg/видео.html
I'm from Plovdiv too, I remember when he came to my school, we had to read our essays to him, I don't remember the exact topic but was about suffering. Hope he is all right.
Listening now I remember the story he tells. BTW we're not racist in Eastern Europe Bulgaria don't know why people would assume that .
Heck yeah Bulgaria
Wow I was born in Gorna Dzhumaya which nowadays is Blagoevgrad. Maybe my family knew Cohen`s. Im sure they would cuz the town is small and we all know each other. By then it had been smaller. How small is the world ?! We are the only coutry from the Axis which saved all the jewish people . We didnt want to participate at the war but the germarns offers us the pale green territories , where were/are living bulgarian people.
When the Soviets came to power in Bulgaria after the war, they desecrated Tsar Boris's grave and re-buried his body in an unknown location. A lot of the members of the parliament including Peshev who participated in the delegation for saving the Bulgarian Jews were prosecuted, Peshev was convicted for Nazi activities and antisemitism and got 15 years of forced labor, some of the others - were sentenced to death. It is interesting fact that Peshev's advocate was a Jew, and he played a major role in saving Peshev from a death sentence. Actually, the Nurnberg trials had killed fewer Nazis (12), than the communists in Bulgaria had killed politicians (22 out of 42 who participated in the declaration for saving the Jews) who stuck to the Jews
I don't think it's relevant but in the map from the first 10 minutes Gabrovo and Tarnovo are switched
Bulgaria is a land from GOD.!!!🇧🇬❤️☦️
Actually the liberator tsar was Alexander II .
For the record at 8:25 (INAUDIBLE) he says Tzar Shishman
The Russian tsar who waged war on the Ottomans was Alexander II, the grandfather of Nikolay. His nickname is "The Liberator" because he gave freedom to his subjects - the so called "krepostni" (abolished serfdom). Obviously, the nickname has another level of meaning in Bulgaria but to insinuate that the war was waged to free the Bulgarian people is only romantic and not true - his goal was to defeat the Ottomans and take control of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles. Also, after the reestablishment of our state, the Russians actually stayed here and de facto occupied the country for some time. They finally went away 7 years later because they assumed our young army wouldn't manage to resist the attack of the Serbian king without the help of Russian officers (turned out they were wrong).
The other thing that I think needs to be corrected is that in 1943 when Bulgarian Jews were spared, the situation on the Eastern front was not a big factor in Boris' decision making on the matter. The Soviets may have turned the tide already but their advances were no where near our borders.
Nevertheless, a great lecture - you can tell the man feels as much a Bulgarian as he feels Jewish and that's not only because he was born and raised here, but because he appreciates the people and he knows why. And us Bulgarians can hear just from his accent that Bulgarian is his first language.
There is one minor mistake, only. Bulgaria was liberated from the Ottoman Empire by the Russian Tsar Alexander II, not Nikolay II.
8:24 he says Ivan Shishman
King Boris, and Bulgaria was never honoured by the Jewish people in their memorials. Why?
I would like to know too.
It were the bulgarian people not the King
@@Anonymous-qx1vd BS, if King Boris would have signed the deportation documents, those people were gone.
ЦАР
@@onchobg1 ruclips.net/video/r6-abdwb-Eg/видео.html
Bulgaria has never had slaves because our laws are such and state
Every person who came to these lands is free and has equal rights
Acctualy king Boris never sig heiled and he was killed because he never wanted to sign
Hitler killed for sure.
My grandparents hid a family of Jews in their basement. Gob bless them.
Tsar Alexander || freed Bulgaria from the turks, not Nikolay. Just FYI.
Russian occupation army does not do any freeing
@@broxxironsmith8547 Russians raped killed and stole from Bulgaria during that time, so I agree.
Dailybg I agree with you but then Bulgarians are called “ backstabbers ” 😔
The Bulgarian empire has its genesis as a result of defeat victory over the tartarians. Who retreat to Scottland. "Tartan" quilt around the waist. To which the expression Ta Ta
(bye bye) is coined.
😂Tatar is big joke for Russian .
ruclips.net/video/GWRJpwQ5n_4/видео.html on this part (INAUDIBLE) is the name of the king Ivan Shishman
Bulgaria is very strange land to many,our history is deleted from bigger powers ,but one day world will wonderstand i believe in baba Vanga,and for the lady,we are orthodocs,as fathers Stefan and Kiril).BTW do you know how many armenians,have bin saved and live in Bulgaria until today ,from genocide?I have since kindergarden,armenian frend,even my grand parents,have armenian family frends,almost every wikend had party togeder,drink and dance
Powerful testimony. But it’s not true that Bulgaria is the ONLY place Clergy stood up and gave their lives for the Jews. I believe this also happened in Denmark and Netherlands. Corrie Ten Boom, though not a clergy, is one of many
who are true followers of Jesus Yeshua Messiah who protected His people.
It also happened in Greece and Serbia.
Currently in Bulgaria live about 2000 Jews. After the end of WW II they were 48 000.
A lot of misinformation in this presentation, sadly. Like at least research the names and locations. There were three provinces given and they were Thrace, Dobrouja and Macedonia, and all three had primarily Bulgarian population. Those were Bulgarian territories taken after WWI.
Macedonia and Macedonians have never and will NEVER be part of fascists BG!!! and leave us alone!- Your goebels propaganda teaches you about:"Lost territories "taken" after WWI" and after WWII, and forever!- because you are always traitors, lairs! and on the side of the losers!-That is your everlasting trauma!!!
@@blagojakunovski5831 Check an Ottoman document from the late 19th century regarding the population of Macedonia. All of them show a majority of Bulgarians, no one mentions the term 'Macedonian'.
@@DeepSlice -Yes, only your Goebbels propaganda under the control of neofasist BAN are OK!-In Macedonia never ever bulgarian lived!!!, according of the language spoken by the ancestors/old Macedonians who teached/educated your Tatar wild tribes in Cyrillic letters and make them finally literate!
@@blagojakunovski5831 why do ottoman documents and centuries of history say otherwise? Where is this Macedonia that everyone is fantasizing...?
@@DeepSlice- Only you, blind fucking antifascists say that!!!-The other normal world perfectly good knows what was! what is! and what will stay forever Macedonia Timeless!!! and the Macedonians with their authentic history, culture and language!!!, recognised in UN as Macedonian Language!!!
Long live the tsar! Царства сила!
When Hitler stand of coast of river dunav he give to the Bulgarian 24h to anser are whith them or not king Boris thing some time and sey to the gardner to cut all the rosses in the palas and sey to the Queen this lil look the Bulgarian people if you refuse hitler"'s ofers
Holocaust came with Rasha occupation in Bulgaria, monarch Boris Treti was loved by his people shi is big democrat
Yes, the Bulgarian Empire had a Jewish queen in the 15th century who single-handedly destroyed it by usurping the eldest prince and heir to the throne and placing her own son Ivan Shishman. So yeah, she's famous.
Emperor Boris III, not King. Tsar means Caesar (Emperor).
Not quite. Yes tsar does derive from the word caesar but the title doesn't imply that the ruler is an emperor,never will you see such a thing as "bulgarian empire" on a map, the translators simply used the word "empire" due to the lack of a better word. Some authors use the word "tsardom". The main difference between emperor and tsar is that the tsar had the most influence and his persona concentrated the most power whilst western emperors of the catholic world had to bow to the church. In orthodox countries there's caesaropapism (relative balance between the church's head and the state's head).
@@slavenahotinova8546 I would suggest checking the maps again. First Bulgarian and Second Bulgarian empires are there, what you state is simply not true.
@@yatzekamaten5232 i'm referring to bulgarian maps as they're the official source of information here. None of my tutors have referred to Bulgaria as an empire and they defended their thesis with the fact that an empire includes an important city of the Christian world (Rome and Constantinople at the time). We've had numerous rulers who have tried to take Constantinople because of that but they've failed,hence the lower title they had.
@@slavenahotinova8546 "Never will you see Bulgarian Empire on a map"? Are you serious? Are you Macedonian or something?
First Bulgarian Empire:
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire
Second Bulgarian Empire:
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire
Old Great Bulgarian Empire:
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Great_Bulgaria
@@Bolghar_wolf noo find me a bulgarian site that says "empire" because tsarstvo and empire are completely different words
Tzar not king
Ziezi ex quo Vulgares! 😉
George Smith yea nice ;) good job, big knowledge
ruclips.net/video/r6-abdwb-Eg/видео.html
As a Bulgarian, it saddens me to hear how tolerant the Bulgarian people have been just 70 years ago and how poverty has changed this in the last 20 years and all this wonderful tolerance, Mr. Cohen is talking about, has become merely a legend of olden days.
Nowadays you can hear and read anti-Semitic and xenophobic slurs against all Bulgarian minorities, all over Bulgaria and the Bulgarian part of the internet. When people become so extremely poor, unfortunately fascism starts showing its ugly face.
It's not about poverty, we've been through harder things before, more hurt, with higher poverty rates.
I think we just made the mistake of seeing the West as more advanced than us when it was the other way around. We starting taking lessons from countries that are actually hundreds of years (at least) behind us in their development. For example, Bulgaria has been multi-ethnic since it was found, the West is just waking up to that, they are still ignorant and arrogant, they are just becoming multi-ethnic to improve their economy. However, I would not think that the situation is as bad as it seems on the internet.
Hey there, ivz zvi ;)
Definitely, it is sad to see the unfair high levels of poverty, lack of industries, demographics and many other problems facing Bulgaria. However, I think if we can speak of tolerance towards minorities, I guess, it never disappeared, though, it is missing between compatriots' relationships. Bulgarian history proves it in numerous occasions (e.g. did we ever had colonies or slaves? Did our Roma/Gypsy minority have been expelled for not obeying the 'system' while living a tax-free lifestyle? Do our Turkish minority had any non-privilege apart from the "Revival process" during the 80's under the communist regime? ) The problems are complex, but the origins of all that, in my opinion, start straight after the Soviet 'invasion'. The uncensored history, between 1944 and 1989, gives many answers and explanations for the development of most negative trends and hatred within the Bulgarian society. Totalitarianism brought no good in the long term. The last 27/8 years are just a continuation of that evolution, which has repercussions in all spheres of life (e.g. education, a key factor, being one of them).
Nevertheless, the world should be inspired and familiarised with the facts shown in this video. Most importantly, I hope that at some point, the current right-wing Israeli government elite will either transform itself or change its direction, in order to stop this mad dispossession and oppression of the indigenous people. The same applies to all other radical factions in the region. If there is a moral of this story, it is the following: Never become an oppressor after being oppressed, because it only leads to further hatred and suffering. In some or other way, we Bulgarians, are quite familiar with suffering and oppression throughout history. This current 'intolerance' that is discussed here, lives only in the virtual and verbal worlds. At the end of the day, I think, we are still the same tolerant people as we've always been, no matter how vulgar our language and attitude might be sometimes. Fruitful cooperation, mutual tolerance and bravery (between ourselves) are what our society lack on a big scale. Apart from that, we are not intolerant at all (being negative or fatalistic is another topic) :) at least, this is what my knowledge and experience are showing me so far ;)
Vasil Hristov At least check what fascism is before spewing that utter nonsense. It's so easy to blame all your problems and misery on outsiders and to demonise them. But most of all have you no shame to spew it under this video, in which a survivor of the last rage of fascism over Europe is telling his story?
No one is destroying your culture, nor your "pure" blood(don't be under the delusion that "aryans" in the west consider you an aryan). In fact if you hate multiculturalism so much, then you must hate passionately everything Bulgarian, since that region has been a melting pot of cultures and blood for millennia. Spare me your further parroting of watchwords, please.
autumn3333 Hi! Unfortunately I see many wrong things with your reply.
I don't think you can list examples of Bulgarian tolerance and then dismiss the Revival process as a minor hiccup. You should've better left it out instead of whitewashing it, because it really doesn't play along with your "moral of the story" - never become an oppressor after being oppressed. If anything, it proves that we haven't learned anything. You then continued to contradict yourself by claiming that tolerance can exist alongside hateful language and attitudes. I don't think there is such a definition of tolerance in any book.
As for the existence of intolerance solely in virtual space, I've seen mosques with broken windows, I've seen desecrated Jewish and Muslim graves, Pomak is a dirty word, though Pomaks are Bulgarians, I've heard insults and seen fights. What's worse, this evokes a response on the other side and people fight back. Where will this end? Nowhere, it's an endless vicious circle "an eye for an eye". If I came across as fatalistic, then it's only because I've seen it with my own eyes.
I'm still holding strongly the opinion that the tolerance, of which Mr. Cohen spoke, has vanished. Maybe it's been substituted by the pseudo-tolerance you are talking in your reply. Maybe we have to take some lessons from our own past.
How about a Stalinite politician in the wings...
9th century AD
Even Antonescu in Romania saved 400000 jews but is considered a criminal only because he participated at the eastern front(unlike Boris III).
Well guys i wanna ask if somebody of you know about the genocid over the bulgarian population in otoman empire who payed it and why bulgaria is also known ass true palestina:):)
иван шишман married to jewish god damnit.....she brought ottoman empire
conspiracy , not true
I don't totally agree about Russia liberating us, to say the least.
Long story short: they did in fact fight the Ottomans, but they had different agenda for the Balkans (Balkan Peninsula)
Also, Russia was against the unification of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia.
With today's war in Ukraine, you can see their imperialistic mindset.
Те са винаги симпатизирали сърбите повече, спрямо нас, та и да не кажем, че те създадоха РСМ, чиито жители отричат, че те са ги създали ужким.
Whatever the reason... they did Helped us!!!
@@taniam5314, yeah but that's a byproduct, not their intentions.
Lose the clucks, who cares?
kahn arian
Kahzarian
Keiser
Caesar
Tsar
King
Of whom has its history based in Caucasians
From caucaus mountains
Caucasus***
Give us all a break.
Care to elaborate, dick?
Richard Curry? Do you eat lots of Indian food? :D :D
@@kosmicheskiprah kkkkkkkkkkkkk he must be for sure. Crazy guy
a lots of non-acurate things in the lecture but the guy is too nice for me to criticize.
Bulgaria was a Tsardom. You could at least address the proper title of your savior Boris.
He probably used the word king, because the word tsar seems to be more connected with Russia in western circles.
BULGARIA is the onli country in this wolrd ho never have slaves
That's because you slaughter all of of them!
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surdulica_massacre
@@sale2298 dont speek to me fucker
Стига с тез евреи България на шест океана 💪🇧🇬
Of Germanic origin
Of Nazi Germany
WW 2 Bulgaria was with Germany 🇩🇪
@V V en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surdulica_massacre
@V V you can believe in Santa Claus but he doesn't exists. And yes you are Nazi nation.
Out of evil blackmail of evil nazis
as Bulgarians we made a mistake
Mistake for saving Jews? Come on. Unless you are a crying Nazi.
Interesting.
True fact: In year 1943, Bulgarian fascistic army transported 7000 Jews from occupied territory of Macedonia (97% of Jewish population in Macedonia) to Treblinka concentration camp !!!
And to continue that statement, then the world history would have looked into the statement that Bulgaria is the only nation that saved it's jews apart of Denmark.
@@vasil.kamdzhalov Sure. None of the 7000 Jews survived!
@@Daniela-pc4cd Maybe the bulgarians didn't send them off??? Big brain time, ask you frinds the germans, sure you want to go work there or in Switzerland.
@@vasil.kamdzhalov Бугарите ги собраја од цела Македонија, ги натоварија на вагони до Вашата Бугарска Државна Железница и им наплатија карти во еден правец за Треблинка. Ако те интересира провери на страната од Јад Вашем, главниот музеј на холокаустот.
@@darkomiceski3755 Не каза нещо ново. В България по онове време са записани 48 хиляди евреи. В тази бройка по нациския списък не са записани евреите от Македония или Гърция. Двете групи са вземи от германците и тяхната армия. Ние успяхме да запазим нашите като граждани на България и защото имаме контрол над тяхното бъдеще. Колкото и да ни мразите в Македония, ние тям нямаме военен контрол и територията не е представена като напълно българско владение. 11хиляди евреи от Гърция и Македония са взети от тяхната армия, ние може да помолим за друго решение, но не можем да кажем категорично не на най-голямата сила в Европа за онове време. Ние имахме само админисративен конторл над Македония: полиция, публични услуги е подобни, военен конторл е германски, ако имахте и германски административен контрол можехте да очаквате да ви избиват германците както в Сърбия, където за 1 убит войник на Германия ,са убивани 100 сръбски жители ( не само партизани ). Ние нямахме подобен закон и настоявахме за по-мирна окупация.
За повече информация ето видео от чужденец, който сам си е направил филм, защото иначе не вярвате на нас, 30мин., но мисля, че ще ти хареса, качествено е направен:
ruclips.net/video/tAnHWn7u7JE/видео.html&ab_channel=FAISTUDIOS
The Jews of Bulgaria-proper were saved in spite of Boris, not because of him. If Boris was not confronted by the Bulgarian people, the Jews of Bulgaria-proper would have ended in Treblinka, where Boris sent the Jews of the "new lands".
BS! You have no shame! Boris was saviour pushed hard by the Germans and did what he could to save the rest!!! Read actual history, not offensive lies in Wikipedia or else!!! What you say is shameful!
Respect what the survivor said Mr. Kohen. Do not do communist's propaganda here, please! Show respect to survivors and to their saviour- Tsar Boris!
@@petremitrov there were no survivors among the 12 000 deported from Macedonia and Greece - they cannot say anything. Who will respect them? They were rounded up by Bulgarian police and officers of the Bulgarian KEB (not Germans), put on Bulgarian trains, surrendered by Bulgarians.On the orders of Boris and his government. So may Boris, Gabrovski, Belev burn in hell forever.
@@petremitrov very true. It took the leadership to listen to the people otherwise if he was weak he would have surrendered his people to evil Hitler
BULGARIA ON THREE SEAS
interesting how the bulgarians are praised . The people of bulgaria rightfully should be but that same fascist bulgarian government that occupied macedonia that rounded up 11 thousand jewish people and sent them away to camps not even one jewish person came back to macedonia how can you say that so easily. Macedonia and the macedonian people would never sacrifise not even one jewish person or any human being. that same bulgarian fascist government still blocks macedonia and the macedonian people from rediculous demands that macedonia has to accept to enter the european union maybe in the your future videos you can speak a little more about macedonia and the macedonian people. The jewish people should know that macedonia never sent any jewish people to concentration camps the fascist bulgaria that occupied macedonia rounded up the jewish people and sent them to concentration camps
Why are you writing nonsense, the man was an eyewitness and explained everything about the Jews in Macedonia and how much effort was made to save them. Maybe it's better to watch the whole video and then spit on Bulgaria and the Bulgarians. And after watching it all, if you're not ashamed of your words, then I don't know. To me, his words are much more important than your insults.
i certainly watched the whole video i have 2 question for you. what happened to the 11 thousand jews from macedonia. and who put those 11 thousand jews from macedonia on trains to concentration camps and they never returned back? by the way i never said a bad word about the bulgarian people. just the fascist bulgarian government
@@anastaziallc6713 The Bulgarian authorities had no rights over these Jews because they were not Bulgarian citizens. They were citizens of the Serbian Banovina province of Yugoslavia. They were puted on Bulgarian wagons at the request of the German army. You should be aware of what was happening then to anyone who refused a request from the German army. All, I repeat all Jews, who had Bulgarian identity documents were saved by the Bulgarian people and the Bulgarian church. The more important question is what did the citizens of this province to save their Jews as the Bulgarian people did? Before looking for guilt elsewhere, isn't it bad for you to think about what they did to prevent this tragedy? If the citizens of the then province of Macedonia had protested as the Bulgarian citizens did, perhaps this tragedy would not have happened, because the Bulgarian authorities would have had the right to protest in front of the German army. The Bulgarian Tsar Boris paid with his life because he saved so many Jews and even this man said that, show a little respect!
@@anastaziallc6713 Ти ,,македонка" ли си?
@@HeroManNick132 cista