How does an atom-smashing particle accelerator work? - Don Lincoln
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- Опубликовано: 4 май 2024
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/how-does-an...
An atom smasher, or particle accelerator, collides atomic nuclei together at extremely cold temperatures, very low air pressure, and hyperbolically fast speeds. Don Lincoln explains how scientists harness the power of both electric and magnetic fields to smash atoms, eventually leading to major discoveries about the matter in our universe.
Lesson by Don Lincoln, animation by Sputnik Animation.
"Then the real fun begins, the smashing!" - video ends...
The Hulk once said:
Johnny sins once said
@@FloridaMan69. Crazy
Ph chime plays
'Atom Smasher'.. How many other people understand?
0:57 -456 F -> -271 C (near absolute zero)
1:25 ~ 300,000 KM (speed of light)
may blessings come to you comrade. thank you!
I needed this thanks.
Thx. I wanted to write that if he uses SI all in all in job why not to do the same here. TED-Ed is not for USAians but for everyone.
@@mikloscsuvar6097did you mean Americans?😭
@@Bullkingcobra Approximately. USAians =/= Americans (like Argentinians, Brazilians, Chileans etc.). Esperanto language call them also like that.
This literally answered so much. Asking physicists to explain things is hard because most will keep trying to complicate things and I’m like “Bruh just say it to me in basic science terms.”
Well, the problem here is that complicated terms for us are simple, scientific terms for them.
@@notdumbrella6399 yeah
the thing is when mathematicians or physicists "complicate" a topic, theyre usually trying to express the full nuance of that topic. 9 times out of 10, it sounds like they're complicating things but really they're just trying to give you the full picture. Nature is absurdly complex and a simple anecdote cannot fully express that complexity.
Science without metric is just wrong.
bruh im from Asia and i have no idea how imperial works so i had to convert each value he said to metric every time
Except myanmar
How would you measure anything you found inside that monstrosity?
Speaking truth
Cope, seethe, mald
This is the most relatable explanations of the particle accelerator that I have seen. If someone doesn't enjoy science after seeing this video then I don't know what to say to them.
😢
Then they are not built for earth 😂
Metric system please.
little less than 300,000 m/s
They love using their own system instead of a thing created for scientist all over the world called ''Standart International'' :)
@@alitoprak806 Thats because america has the smartest people inventing the most stuff.
@@klaus6178 yeaaah sure okay
@@klaus6178 sure they do, in metric that is LMAO
First time seeing light speed in miles per hour/sec WTF
Pham H. Anh
lol its weird. but Americans love their imperial system
c
Right wtf wad that I'm still crying and shaking
Lmao I'm about to use miles per hour to trigger all of you. But I still don't understand why people complain alot about it tho. I have to convert everything to SI yet many people are used to not converting at all and are inconvenienced by the one time they have to change something.
In U.S. Customary units, the speed of light is 186,282.397 miles per second.
I find it quite confusing the the mesurements. I use the metric system and have no idea how long 10 feets are, and what are -456 F° ? I use C° !
Ten feet is near (but not exactly) 3 meters or so. To convert F (Fahrenheit) to C (Celsius), just take the F temp (-456) and subtract 32. Now you have -488 degrees. Now multiply by 5/9. -488 * 5/9 =-271.11111...
10 feet is the length of your foot time 10.
Simon Engelholm use Google omg
IanCraftsAndMines 0 Kelvin I guess
I use kelvin
Why not using international units ?
Because 'murica
probably made by an american, just convert though :)
Please never use american systems when talking about international science taking place in Europe where we use the metric SI!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+THE UNKNOWN There's a thing called learning imperial measuring system. We have to learn your stupid metric system over here in America.
+EMROXRealm USA only. I'm American too but i don't live in USA and i don't use Imperial system
Exactly!
i agree. i mean, indiana once tried to change pi to 3.2. WHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAT
They can use what ever metric they want, when ever they want.
I congratulate the both of you to have one of the most civilised arguments on youtube well done.
Celsius isnt an SI unit, but its a way better system to compare temperatures with. 0° cel = water freezes, 100° = water boils
This was a great reminder, but I do think Dr Don you are way more fun on your channel!
Awesomely educational. The art is great too!
Thank you this have enlightened me so much
I wouldn't say that is an example of how primitive we are. It's actually quite ingenious. We want to know what is inside these tiny particles, but we can't cut them, since we can't create a knife that has an edge finer than an atom. Also, we have to overcome the strongest force in the universe that holds these particles together. So, we decide to use the particles themselves and smash them together so that they break apart. We can then examine the wreckage to see what they are made of.
Fr
"it's really hard to pay attention to the video when you are constantly having to convert measurements to units that you are familiar with."
- 95% of the world
Why? They don't have minutes in Europe?
@@lime455they literally used miles, feet and F° in a physics lesson.
Learn freedom units! -“some Texan some where”
Its soo unnecessary as well, when doing reaserch for the video they would have needed to make the conversions over to merka units, and in a phisics based setting nobody would even use these units to begin with.
Whine more person from an irrelevant country
This was brilliant. Thanks!
Teded teaches me stuff i would never thought i would want to know
Great explanation! One small problem.
Most of the world does not use Freedom Unit.
I love the animation! Great vid!
Beautiful animation! Well explained as well. Thanks.
Love hearing Don Lincoln here! His Fermilab videos are the best
oh yeah i seen those
Great explanation 😍
Thanks for explaining. I have been wondering a particle accelerator works for a long time.
98%complain about him using the imperial system 1%like the video 1%talking about the flash
cool, i didn't know most of this, it's good to learn it. thanks.
I've searched many years traveling from sea to land and at last I finally find it.
I would like to see more on this.
Sir can u pls tell how the partical added in this cavity circle
Beautiful. Science is so intriguing
I came here to write exactly that, I’m glad someone already pointed that out
For the accelerating portion (with the positive and negative plates hooked up to a battery) if an electron were being accelerated then on its way back wouldn't it be repelled by the plate of the same charge
Indeed!
I think what they do is use the same principle working on a DC motor.
Turn the electric field on when the particle enters between the plates. Doing so will have a double benefit, the positive plate will repel the electron and negative will attract. And than turn the plates off again…tho it’d be hard to time it correctly as the e is moving quite literally in light speed…
This shit blows my fucking mind. Love it.
I guess you could say that the very idea of these things are positively smashing.
the flash brought me here!
YAAAASSSS
May the speed force be with you
+KBT_Kraft may your time revenant be with you
dude omg yesss
I was wondering if i could be a metahuman !!!
In the diagrams of electric and magnetic fields, shouldn't charge be going from negative to positive regardless of the charge of the particle?
What I wanted to know is what they're able to see and learn by smashing particles together.
You should sell T shirts with that two arrow smash graphic.
For the people who don't use archaic units of measurement, -456*F is equal to 2.04K, the speed of a photon in a vacuum is 299,792,458m/s
literally none of that is true
@@kulled What isn't true ?
@@cinemaclips4497 "none of that" implies all of it. actually i suppose you could argue that it directly communicates that all of it is incorrect. either way.
Me at 8 AM: Okay I need to go to bed early because I have a test tomorrow
Me at 3 AM
this was uploaded 10 years ago and today it has had 3 people comment on it
Amusingly excellent.
The description of the "acceleration" part is wrong as if you do it as described the particles would brake between your accelerating structures. In a particle accelerator RF is used in a cavity (in the LHC Supra-conductive) to accelerate the particle on the edge of the oscillating RF.
Do we need to ionize the electrons/protons we accelerate before accelerating them?
❤️ Ted Ed videos
I have a question. How strong is the magnetic fields inside a particle accelerator? The large hadron colider usees strong superconducting magnets. How strong are these magnets in MeV all by themselves?
Great video !
So how do you measure temperature of vacuum? :-)
How do you get the particle that you want to smash..? Like I understand how you can build the machine, but how do you get the particle? I don't understand that part.
This certainly helps understand the flash more
Ditto on that, I grew up with Imperial but I love metric. So much simpler.
Why does the electron from positive plate move to negative. Shouldn't be opposite cathode to anode
How do you isolate a single photon for the lhc?
it doesn't matter that much, this video is all about understanding. Though i agree with your point
As an American, I value the use of Imperial units: if you talk to an average American about meters their eyes immediately glaze over and their ears close. Whatever you tell them will immediately be dismissed as boring and above their heads and not worth their time. In general the average person here in America has about the same understanding of science as a 14th century farmer. (i.e. none) so anything that could reach the masses here in america is greatly appreciated. Thanks TED.
How do they get the individual particles?
Can you please use metric units, please?
Amazing how all that happens without a computer. Just amazing.
Eeh no?
Eeh no?
I'm American, so I was raised with imperial units, but I like the idea of SI units. Unfortunately I have no concept of kilometers or kilograms. I wish the U.S. had switched a while back.
Can we use the particles as bullets?
So true!
what particle should be used and how does one put it inside the thing?
Often electrons, u can get them inside through thermionic emission, which, in simple terms, is the process of giving an electron enough energy that it gets loose from the atom
Please include metric units in the animations. There is no way i can convert -451° F in C on the go.
Love TED! :)
just curious do you have any sources on that 14th century farmer fact? I know we are behind in science/math but is it that bad?
And how do they get this "particle" and accelerate it? Aren't there particles everywhere? Or do they pick up a particle with tongs, insert it, and let it rip?
These videos are awesome! I love the internet :D
Dear Addison, I understand you are well versed in all your US units then - points, picas, links, rods, chains, furlongs, leagues, fathoms, cables, sections, acre-feet, minims, gills, hogsheads, pecks, bushels, drams, hundredweight, pennyweight and slugs (all part of your lovely system). I hope you can convert between all of them with ease. If you can't handle the simple calculations between US Customary to US Customary, I suggest switching to SI and joining the rest of the world.
yaaaaahhhhh
DON LINCOLN
nice video, can we build an atom-smasher the length of the earth's equator?
It still wouldn't be faster than light so doesnt matter
@@bluedonkey180 wasn't expecting a response after 9 years, why this comment?
I know what I'm building this summer :D
it has been 8 years are you finished yet?
1:48 Hook up them parallels.
How do they get the particles to go in opposite directions?
Probably with a rectifier? Idk
great video, although I do wish they would stay away from imperial units
Guys, petition for a metric system version.
Wow! I always thought they gave the electrons tiny, tiny bicycles.
My question is why do scientists always has to blow stuff up or collide thing together
now i have a question. what if a magnet fails and the particle crashes into the atom smasher?
*think that fast eletron*
Does that mean that if that thing explodes, we'll have metahumans?
exactly
You now pray that thing some day to go boom, right? :-D
Agreed... leave the imperial units out next time, please. Thanks.
That’s what our universe is
I am American and I wish they would use SI units as well.
Don left Fermilab and started teaching at ted-ed
Cant i just get 4 Hot wheels Boosters and a small circle? Just very small carticle acclerator
Agreed :)
Miles, Fehrenheit... use the metric system please!
Exactly what I was going to say
All of US units originated from UK units, and all those mentioned are a part of the US units - en wikipedia org/wiki/United_States_customary_units . Whether those units were created by the US is a moot point - they are still part of the system there.
large hadron colilder dose this mean there is a small Hadron colilder?
I have a idea that wont work but what if there was a huge one of these and you were to put a space shuttle in it and after it reached a certain speed open a part of the circle sending the shuttle headed straight towards mars wouldn't you technically be there in less than a day.?
You would die of vaporization in less than a second
+KnifeingNinja The shuttle would have to be electrically charged, which could massively mess up electronics inside. Also, the force and energy needed would be equivalent to tying that space shuttle on a lasso and swinging it around until it reached such a speed, then throwing it. A space shuttle is about 1680000000000000000000000000000 times (I calculated it!) heavier than an atom.
It would hypothetically work but it would destroy the shuttle itself along the way, but if we could use something else like Bose Einstein condensate it might work
+KnifeingNinja also, the inertia exerted from going around at that speed would kill/destroy anyone inside that shuttle! OMG that would be a lot of Gs!!
Si unit please
I agree with u guys. No imperial units please.
Why don't we try to combine the magnetic fields and the electric fields with gravity. I know that gravitational force is the weakest of the 4 fundamental forces in the world, but wouldn't it help to increase the velocity of the particle by a bit more?
Although, building one supported by gravity would be hard.
We don't know how to manipulate gravity
Gravitational force on fundamental particles is so small it's negligible
Was i the only one who remembered Dr Harrison Wells!
Nope. This is the only reason I'm here!
I couldn't phantom the weight or the length of an object without the use of SI units...I can totally agree with that..:)
I did that once too. My Gmail inbox had like 2-3 pages with replies.
A simple google search on "benefits of particle physics" will show you that it has influenced almost every aspect of your life. A very common one I'm sure you're framilar with is a MRI scan.
could you make it small enough to put in a bag and if yes what are the consequences
I think they use the imperial system because they grew up with it (and therefore to them easier), not because it is better.
Why cant someone run them in a series of loops and find a way to control the accelerators with the magnets to cross the series of loops into a spiral and open a portal like a pyramid? :P
American here, so it's not as bothersome for me, but I too appreciate SI units.