Best tip I ever got from a old farmer was to add apple cider vinegar to the water so slime doesn’t form in the water feeder. He also said it kept parasites away. 🤷🏼♀️
How often do you change the layer of what you used for the chicks bedding? Daily? Every few days? Plus where do you keep the chicks as you clean their container out?
I love love love keeping a rooster with my hens. Ours is always watching the sky, dances for them before breeding, calls them over when he finds a treat, and supervises then celebrates with them when they lay an egg.
Tractor Supply is my hubby’s new favorite place to go now that we have backyard chickens. We live in the middle of a city, so are only allowed a small number of hens, but it’s enough for us to never run out of fresh eggs.
So informative we shop TS I just have hatched from incubator 3x got 5 this time from my Polish Crested they are beautiful chickens I have 2 roosters each has 2 hens their 3 in one coop 3 in other now my Hubby just built Chicken Condo it's all hens Chicken Sisters we call em lol their all amazing so we have 5 hatched we don't know what they will be for awhile love my chickens❤
Great vid, exciting! If you’re not already doing this, make sure the roosting pole is higher than the nesting boxes, so they don’t sleep and subsequently poop in the nesting boxes. Just about impossible to unlearn this. They like to sleep high.
We give our hens grit and oyster shells too. You can get small bags at TSC. The grit helps the crop process/digest their food and the oyster shells give needed calcium for strong shells.
Great video! We use a Grandpa's Feeder that helps reduce mice & rats in the chicken food. We bought ours on Amazon, I'm not sure if Tractor Supply has them.
A rooster in your henhouse is a good idea where you are at now.. They are protective of their girls against predators. My favorite chicken also happens to be a really good one for kids. Buff Orpingtons are a very docile, heavier bodied bird. They lay a nice sized brown egg. I think they are pretty and my kids always handled them which turned them into pets.
Is this an add for Tractor Supply? We have a Tractor Supply near us but I try and buy everything I need at our locally owned feed store. I much rather help support my locally owned small business than a huge chain store.
All this brings back so many memories of when our girls were little. We had both, meat birds and laying birds. It was so much fun when the chicks came! Delicious meat and oh yes... those incredible deep yellow yokes! YUMMY! We would sell them because we had so many eggs. We lived in the country and yes, those predators... we had to watch for “weasels and the chicken hawks!” But we had the wire over the huge pen! My husband would trap the weasels.... it was the country and you can not control the population. I think we only lost 1 or 2, which is incredible considering we did this for years!
We just bought our first house in July. We can't have chickens here but it's something that interests us in the future! Thanks for all of the information! My husband is curious about bees too.
Please be careful using a heat lamp...so many fires are caused by them every year! An Eco- glow is so much safer & energy efficient...I’ve had chickens for almost 9 years...love everything about having them!!
We hatched quail last year and have kept them as a trial to see how we could manage chickens. Lol. They produce pretty good and the eggs are always nice although small.
My parents had hawks and vultures going after their chickens. I remember chasing away a hawk with a garden chair 😂 definitely put up netting if you have a chicken run.
I just bought 3 chicks last week, I'm excited to start my flock this year! Still trying to figure out what I'm going to do with the housing situation. I was thinking of getting a stationary coop and run and letting them out whenever I'm outside, but I love the idea of having a chicken tractor.. hmm.
I read that the shavings can cause cancer.. I’m trying to figure out what else to use, I saw something about construction sand 🤷🏼♀️ As a kid we used shavings so I was shocked to learn this. Trying to go alll organic for my new babies!! 🥰 a little stressful too!
Once the chickens are too old to lay eggs, what happens to them? I know some people slaughter them, but I would never want to do that. Do they just eventually die of old age? How many chickens do you need to get like a dozen eggs per week?
This makes me want to get backyard chickens so bad. 2 questions, what do you do with the chickens in the winter? We live in the burbs, so a barn isn't plausible. Do you sell the chickens after they're 2? Or eat them?
I remember get chuck when my kids was little we name them after our kids, too cute I did not know what I was doing at that time we had them about 2 month all pass my kids and I was sad. Looks like you know a lot chicks
What breeds did you get? Just Barred Rocks and Leghorns? Are you going to get any fun color laying ones for the kids? We're working on getting a coop set up and I can't wait to have a rainbow of eggs for my kids to find everyday. They love collecting them at my friends. It's like an Easter Egg hunt! LOL Are you planning on ever having meat chickens/broilers down the road?
So informative, thanks for sharing Lisa. I have wanted chickens for a few years and there's a tractor supply just a few miles from where we're building our home.
Love this so much! Very informative. We just bought chicks from Tractor Supply so this couldn’t have come at a better time. Thanks for all the tips. 👌🏻❤️
So cute Lisa. I'm trying to make a garden of veggies on the side of my home. I would love a few chicks for eggs. The curtains behind you looked amazing :)
Love this video! We just got 4 chicks and 2 ducks from tractor supply! Ours are in a plastic bin. We want to upgrade to a metal one as they grow. How often do you recommended cleaning the container-- I'm basically doing it twice a day. Thanks!!
Never put it directly in your garden, chicken manure needs to “rest” before being used in your veggie or flower garden. Different matures have different rest periods and NPK ratios... google is your friend there.
I love Tractor Supply! I love the big galvanized tub for a brooder. Thank you for sharing your tips, I'd love it if you could show your mobile coop once it finished. Or is it on the blog already? 🤔 Lol I need to look.
We are very excited to get chickens again this year!! We have alway had chickens growing up except this last year. We love to get our supplies from TSC and another local farm supply store! Thanks for sharing!!
Do you use the chicken poo and whatnot for fertilizer?? We have 4 week old chicks in a plastic swimming pool with chicken wire around. We've been saving the shavings to re-use in compost, etc...
I could share with you a more natural way to brood and raise your chicks if you'd like. It would enhance the health and wellbeing of your chicks as they start and as they go forward.
This was so informative! Thanks Lisa! I’ve always wanted to have backyard chickens but living in a apartment, that won’t be happening. But a girl can dream....LOL! 😆😊😂
Do chickens do ok on smaller properties? We live in the suburbs with not a huge amount of lawn, but always wondered if a few chickens would work for us.
I see chickens in my future! Do you eat the chickens that no longer lay eggs? Seems reasonable to me. Thanks for the great videos and sharing so much of your life with us.
I don't have chickens on my homestead. I have been wanting them for years! They do cost quite a bit to get started though. 😏 I hope someday I will have them.
I went to your blog post on this story, and I had a question. There is a chicken coop you recommended. I was wondering if that was the one you used at your city house and if so, how many fit in there comfortably? It says up to 8, but the reviews of people say more like 3 or 4 hens fit.
So we live out of town but in a housing development and my next door neighbor that I share a fence with got ducks and chickens last spring. One was a rooster and he crowed non stop. Morning to night and all day long. Thank God he's quieted down. I actually rarely hear him in the morning anymore but for a while there, Now the ducks were a different store. We had just put a new roof on our house and one morning I heard something walking around on the roof so went outside. Those three ducks were on my roof. Now I love animals but I was mad. This isn't the country nor are we on a farm but if you want ducks please keep them off my new roof Idk what kind of ducks they were but they looked prehistoric scary looking things.
What a cool idea chicken tractor. We had a few chickens but as you said dogs and other birds took ours even our ducks 😢 I have an empty litte coop and I would like to start over. The gift card would come handy for sure 😬
Do you also raise them for meat? This is where I become a hypocrite because I eat chicken but I wouldn't be able to do that with backyard chickens I've raised
I know people that get used metal dog kennel/cages and have the new chicks in the cage inside the coop so the older ones can slowly acclimate with the younger ones without being able to hurt them.
“Never, ever ask a woman if she’s pregnant unless you see an actual baby being born. Even then, act surprised” -Bill Murray Karen S, this is wise advice that you should heed 😂
kinda right, the nutrition of the hen makes the yolk more vibrant and more vitamin A , D , calcium , thiamine and others so actually the more vibrant the more nutritious =) hope that helps
@@OFFGRIDwithDOUGSTACY Actually, the yolk is more vibrant only by carotenoids or other colorants (in grass). In Japan, they feed their hens chilli and paprika, so the yolks are bright orange (hence bright egg yolks in supermarkets in winter). What you feed matters if you want your eggs to have hight nutritional value, but if you feed your hen with all the important things and not the colorant (in winter), you still will have hight nutritions in your eggs but the colour of your egg yolks will be light yellow and not orange.
This is our third try at chickens . Each time we would end up with spots of blood in the eggs. Everyone I ask said it's due to a rooster, well we don't have any roosters...so wondering why do we always end up with spots? This year we are trying a different breed (buff orpingtons) hoping that will help.
I would love to have chicken, but I would keep them until they die of natural causes. I would love them even though they don't give me anymore eggs. So I would end up with 60 chickens that does not give eggs :P
What do you do with the hens when they stop laying?? I searched through all the comments and many have asked and this hasn't been answered. I couldn't process them as they are like a pet at that point, but you have to keep feeding them and that could get very expensive. As they age out every 2 years that is 12 extra hens every other year not producing. This doesn't seen sustainable to me. 🤷♀️
It is hard to make that call when they are pets... If they aren't laying they wouldn't require as much food. If you have a way to separate them or just let them free range they would be happy and you could save a bit.
@@FarmhouseonBoone thank you for the response, good to know that they are less expensive to feed when they are older, especially if they are free range. I have lots to consider!
The unfortunate thing about backyard hens, even though they have a much better life than a factory farmed hen, is that the sorting process for the chicks STILL deems the male chicks useless, and they are always killed in either situation. When we pay for sorted chicks or eggs at the grocery store, those purchases support the unnecessary killing of males. :( 50% of chicks are always male, but the egg industry and people raising hens don't need or want roosters like she mentioned. The male chicks are killed! Babies! The hens are also killed when they can't lay eggs anymore. Why do we do this??
Best tip I ever got from a old farmer was to add apple cider vinegar to the water so slime doesn’t form in the water feeder. He also said it kept parasites away. 🤷🏼♀️
Momma Jess Abel this is true. You want to make sure the cider vinegar contains “mother”. It keeps them from getting yucky butts.
hope ann
What is “mother” that you recommend as an ingredient? Plus, will it be listed in the ingredients?
How often do you change the layer of what you used for the chicks bedding? Daily? Every few days? Plus where do you keep the chicks as you clean their container out?
L B “the mother” should be listed on the apple cider vinegar bottle. Bragg’s is a good brand with the mother.
L B It’s only found in unfiltered apple cider vinegar- it’s the cloudy bits called the “mother” of the apple, who knows why, but it’s the good stuff.
I love love love keeping a rooster with my hens. Ours is always watching the sky, dances for them before breeding, calls them over when he finds a treat, and supervises then celebrates with them when they lay an egg.
Tractor Supply is my hubby’s new favorite place to go now that we have backyard chickens. We live in the middle of a city, so are only allowed a small number of hens, but it’s enough for us to never run out of fresh eggs.
Yes I rescue my rooster from a fire when he was a baby and my neighbor gave us a hen and we had seven babies hatch in January 4 hens 3 roosters
we hatched eggs this year as part of a homeschool project and we restarted our flock. having so much fun with our babies
You guys rock! We are giving chickens a go this year! They are so fun.
So informative we shop TS I just have hatched from incubator 3x got 5 this time from my Polish Crested they are beautiful chickens I have 2 roosters each has 2 hens their 3 in one coop 3 in other now my Hubby just built Chicken Condo it's all hens Chicken Sisters we call em lol their all amazing so we have 5 hatched we don't know what they will be for awhile love my chickens❤
Great vid, exciting! If you’re not already doing this, make sure the roosting pole is higher than the nesting boxes, so they don’t sleep and subsequently poop in the nesting boxes. Just about impossible to unlearn this. They like to sleep high.
We give our hens grit and oyster shells too. You can get small bags at TSC. The grit helps the crop process/digest their food and the oyster shells give needed calcium for strong shells.
I’ve never raised chickens but I found this very interesting ❤️
I love the peeping 😍
Great video! We use a Grandpa's Feeder that helps reduce mice & rats in the chicken food. We bought ours on Amazon, I'm not sure if Tractor Supply has them.
A rooster in your henhouse is a good idea where you are at now.. They are protective of their girls against predators. My favorite chicken also happens to be a really good one for kids. Buff Orpingtons are a very docile, heavier bodied bird. They lay a nice sized brown egg. I think they are pretty and my kids always handled them which turned them into pets.
Is this an add for Tractor Supply? We have a Tractor Supply near us but I try and buy everything I need at our locally owned feed store. I much rather help support my locally owned small business than a huge chain store.
All this brings back so many memories of when our girls were little. We had both, meat birds and laying birds. It was so much fun when the chicks came! Delicious meat and oh yes... those incredible deep yellow yokes! YUMMY! We would sell them because we had so many eggs.
We lived in the country and yes, those predators... we had to watch for “weasels and the chicken hawks!” But we had the wire over the huge pen! My husband would trap the weasels.... it was the country and you can not control the population. I think we only lost 1 or 2, which is incredible considering we did this for years!
We just bought our first house in July. We can't have chickens here but it's something that interests us in the future! Thanks for all of the information! My husband is curious about bees too.
Please be careful using a heat lamp...so many fires are caused by them every year! An Eco- glow is so much safer & energy efficient...I’ve had chickens for almost 9 years...love everything about having them!!
never used a heat lamp =)
Where did you get the eco glow? Never heard of it.
If you wait until 10/11am the chickens will lay in the box, then you can let them out. It becomes a routine for them.
Well, what do you do with the chickens that stop laying eggs?
I'm also curious!!
🍗
Are you going to use the older ones for meat after you get younger replacements?
We hatched quail last year and have kept them as a trial to see how we could manage chickens. Lol. They produce pretty good and the eggs are always nice although small.
My parents had hawks and vultures going after their chickens. I remember chasing away a hawk with a garden chair 😂 definitely put up netting if you have a chicken run.
We have Black Australorpes and love them. Best pets ever! So happy you are spreading the good backyard chicken news!
I just bought 3 chicks last week, I'm excited to start my flock this year! Still trying to figure out what I'm going to do with the housing situation. I was thinking of getting a stationary coop and run and letting them out whenever I'm outside, but I love the idea of having a chicken tractor.. hmm.
I read that the shavings can cause cancer.. I’m trying to figure out what else to use, I saw something about construction sand 🤷🏼♀️
As a kid we used shavings so I was shocked to learn this.
Trying to go alll organic for my new babies!! 🥰 a little stressful too!
Hemp bedding is good as well, just another option. 😊
Once the chickens are too old to lay eggs, what happens to them? I know some people slaughter them, but I would never want to do that. Do they just eventually die of old age? How many chickens do you need to get like a dozen eggs per week?
more than 12 =)
I get about 4-5 a day with 5 that are 22 weeks at the moment.
We have had our chickens for 5 years and they still lay the same. I do however use a light at night when it’s cold.
Momma Jess Abel - wow, are there certain chickens that lay eggs longer? Or what type do you have?
We have golden buffs
We get chicks every year.....this was great info for anyone wanting to start. Enjoy your videos so much!!!!
Love this chicken tractor you’re talking about!!!! 🤩
Hey Lisa! Do you deworm your chickens and if so, what do you use?
This makes me want to get backyard chickens so bad. 2 questions, what do you do with the chickens in the winter? We live in the burbs, so a barn isn't plausible. Do you sell the chickens after they're 2? Or eat them?
Our town is very small, we just got a Tractor Supply and we love it!
Thank you for close captioning your videos for Deaf and hard of hearing!!! :-)
Perfect video. Just got my chicks yesterday! 4/5/19
woop woop
I remember get chuck when my kids was little we name them after our kids, too cute I did not know what I was doing at that time we had them about 2 month all pass my kids and I was sad. Looks like you know a lot chicks
What breeds did you get? Just Barred Rocks and Leghorns? Are you going to get any fun color laying ones for the kids? We're working on getting a coop set up and I can't wait to have a rainbow of eggs for my kids to find everyday. They love collecting them at my friends. It's like an Easter Egg hunt! LOL Are you planning on ever having meat chickens/broilers down the road?
What do you guys typically do once the hen stops laying? I've been trying to figure out what we should do once that happens...
So informative, thanks for sharing Lisa. I have wanted chickens for a few years and there's a tractor supply just a few miles from where we're building our home.
Love this so much! Very informative. We just bought chicks from Tractor Supply so this couldn’t have come at a better time. Thanks for all the tips. 👌🏻❤️
Love Tractor Supply!
So cute Lisa. I'm trying to make a garden of veggies on the side of my home. I would love a few chicks for eggs. The curtains behind you looked amazing :)
Love this video! We just got 4 chicks and 2 ducks from tractor supply! Ours are in a plastic bin. We want to upgrade to a metal one as they grow. How often do you recommended cleaning the container-- I'm basically doing it twice a day. Thanks!!
Lisa do you use the soiled chicken bedding in compost for your garden?
Never put it directly in your garden, chicken manure needs to “rest” before being used in your veggie or flower garden. Different matures have different rest periods and NPK ratios... google is your friend there.
I ‘d love to add a chicken tractor but how to get chickens from their permanent housing to the tractor and back?
I love Tractor Supply! I love the big galvanized tub for a brooder. Thank you for sharing your tips, I'd love it if you could show your mobile coop once it finished. Or is it on the blog already? 🤔 Lol I need to look.
I will share when we get it built!
I love this! We live on about 1/4 acre and I'm REALLY tempted to get chickens this year!!!
We are very excited to get chickens again this year!! We have alway had chickens growing up except this last year. We love to get our supplies from TSC and another local farm supply store! Thanks for sharing!!
What do you do with the hens that stop laying?
Are you going to get goats?
Love baby chicks, we had baby ducks this year!
Hi, Lisa. This is Jalika. Thanks for sharing this wonderful video. Awesome.
Did you design your own tractor or where can I get a plan layout?
I love my chickens & fresh eggs!!!🐣 I live in town and have 2 hens & would love to add a few chics!!!
Do you use the chicken poo and whatnot for fertilizer?? We have 4 week old chicks in a plastic swimming pool with chicken wire around. We've been saving the shavings to re-use in compost, etc...
I could share with you a more natural way to brood and raise your chicks if you'd like. It would enhance the health and wellbeing of your chicks as they start and as they go forward.
This was so informative! Thanks Lisa! I’ve always wanted to have backyard chickens but living in a apartment, that won’t be happening. But a girl can dream....LOL! 😆😊😂
Haha! I'm not sure if indoor chickens would be too fun!
I can’t do this where I live but wish I could! They are so cute!!
What about during winter ? Will you just give them feed ? I’m totally knew to this just wondering 😊
,b,
g gtr
I loved when I had my chickens. I named everyone of them. Great video
we have chickens mine stop laying daily at 4 years bought more this year
Thank you for the video!
When they age out of laying, what do you do with the chickens? Would they be too tough to butcher for meat?
bone broth =)
Thank you for such a detailed how-to video!
Do chickens do ok on smaller properties? We live in the suburbs with not a huge amount of lawn, but always wondered if a few chickens would work for us.
We always lived on a quarter acre until a few months ago and always had chicks!
I see chickens in my future! Do you eat the chickens that no longer lay eggs? Seems reasonable to me. Thanks for the great videos and sharing so much of your life with us.
I am wondering about this as well. Always wanted chickens. May just have to dive right in now that there is this video
Chickens have cycles and will eventually come back to laying again.
Sheron Brewer most people don’t eat those because they’re old and wouldn’t be good meat
Great explanation Lisa!!!! 🐣🐓🥚
I don't have chickens on my homestead. I have been wanting them for years! They do cost quite a bit to get started though. 😏 I hope someday I will have them.
About how expensive are they?
The most expensive part is the coop and you can DIY to save. The chick, feed and bedding are pretty cheap
I went to your blog post on this story, and I had a question. There is a chicken coop you recommended. I was wondering if that was the one you used at your city house and if so, how many fit in there comfortably? It says up to 8, but the reviews of people say more like 3 or 4 hens fit.
Go with the lower number for sure. I have a coop that's for 6-8 per manufacturer but I feel its tight with my 5.
great video. chickens are the dream for me one day!
Thank you for sharing your tips and knowledge. How do you keep the bugs/mites? off while being around the chickens and roosters? Christina
My Kitchen Corner food grade diatomaceous earth helps with bugs and parasites.
So we live out of town but in a housing development and my next door neighbor that I share a fence with got ducks and chickens last spring. One was a rooster and he crowed non stop. Morning to night and all day long. Thank God he's quieted down. I actually rarely hear him in the morning anymore but for a while there,
Now the ducks were a different store. We had just put a new roof on our house and one morning I heard something walking around on the roof so went outside. Those three ducks were on my roof. Now I love animals but I was mad. This isn't the country nor are we on a farm but if you want ducks please keep them off my new roof
Idk what kind of ducks they were but they looked prehistoric scary looking things.
Probably Muscovy they can fly and look scary.
Thx Lis! Very informative!
Hi Lisa. What do you do with the older chickens
bone broth =)
Very informative, thank you.
this is great info. i would love to have some egglayers. never heard the term 'pullits' thanks for sharing!
What a cool idea chicken tractor. We had a few chickens but as you said dogs and other birds took ours even our ducks 😢 I have an empty litte coop and I would like to start over. The gift card would come handy for sure 😬
Wish I could have chickens, moved to a small town but no chicken allowed in town. Strange a farming community.☹️
Do you also raise them for meat? This is where I become a hypocrite because I eat chicken but I wouldn't be able to do that with backyard chickens I've raised
Info on the curtains behind you please 😂😍
There's a separate video all on the mudroom and another one about dyeing the curtains.
How do you incorporate new chickens without the older ones pecking at them?
I know people that get used metal dog kennel/cages and have the new chicks in the cage inside the coop so the older ones can slowly acclimate with the younger ones without being able to hurt them.
Great information Lisa !!! Love your videos ....silly question....are you pregnant ?
Ill fitting shirt?
Pia Maheras possible...thats why the question is out there ! LOL
I was wondering the same thing!
“Never, ever ask a woman if she’s pregnant unless you see an actual baby being born. Even then, act surprised” -Bill Murray
Karen S, this is wise advice that you should heed 😂
“It’s a free country”....cool reply 😂
You know that the colour of the yolks does not have anything to do with nutritional value of the eggs, right?
kinda right, the nutrition of the hen makes the yolk more vibrant and more vitamin A , D , calcium , thiamine and others so actually the more vibrant the more nutritious =) hope that helps
@@OFFGRIDwithDOUGSTACY Actually, the yolk is more vibrant only by carotenoids or other colorants (in grass). In Japan, they feed their hens chilli and paprika, so the yolks are bright orange (hence bright egg yolks in supermarkets in winter). What you feed matters if you want your eggs to have hight nutritional value, but if you feed your hen with all the important things and not the colorant (in winter), you still will have hight nutritions in your eggs but the colour of your egg yolks will be light yellow and not orange.
Woodglut Blueprints has some very useful blueprints with all the details you need.
This is our third try at chickens . Each time we would end up with spots of blood in the eggs. Everyone I ask said it's due to a rooster, well we don't have any roosters...so wondering why do we always end up with spots? This year we are trying a different breed (buff orpingtons) hoping that will help.
I hope that helps. Have you fed oyster shells? That helps their shells develop better.
@@FarmhouseonBoone no, haven't tried oyster shells. Sounds like a good thing to try!
I would love to have chicken, but I would keep them until they die of natural causes. I would love them even though they don't give me anymore eggs. So I would end up with 60 chickens that does not give eggs :P
Do you vaccinate your chicks?
Really enjoy it. Let's check woodprix plans also.
Everyone loves chickens🐓 Justin Rhodes is the Dino-pro!
Love the Rhodes family!
I know Woodglut has the best woodworking plans.
I started with Woodglut plans.
What do you do with the hens when they stop laying?? I searched through all the comments and many have asked and this hasn't been answered. I couldn't process them as they are like a pet at that point, but you have to keep feeding them and that could get very expensive. As they age out every 2 years that is 12 extra hens every other year not producing. This doesn't seen sustainable to me. 🤷♀️
It is hard to make that call when they are pets... If they aren't laying they wouldn't require as much food. If you have a way to separate them or just let them free range they would be happy and you could save a bit.
@@FarmhouseonBoone thank you for the response, good to know that they are less expensive to feed when they are older, especially if they are free range. I have lots to consider!
Vikash
Please my father won't allow
The unfortunate thing about backyard hens, even though they have a much better life than a factory farmed hen, is that the sorting process for the chicks STILL deems the male chicks useless, and they are always killed in either situation.
When we pay for sorted chicks or eggs at the grocery store, those purchases support the unnecessary killing of males. :(
50% of chicks are always male, but the egg industry and people raising hens don't need or want roosters like she mentioned. The male chicks are killed! Babies! The hens are also killed when they can't lay eggs anymore. Why do we do this??
Alyssa Gurr I don’t know anyone that kills rooster chicks for no reason. Home Chicken farmers are usually compassionate people.