Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

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  • Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024

Комментарии • 119

  • @andreabonvini
    @andreabonvini Год назад +116

    Finally someone that actually derives the PCA without just reporting the algorithm, great work!

  • @cken27
    @cken27 2 года назад +35

    A well-designed animation surpasses thousand words!

  • @kalathiyasmitmukeshbhai2178
    @kalathiyasmitmukeshbhai2178 2 года назад +16

    i am very thankful that i found your video.
    i was learning PCA but wasn't able to imagine in the 3d space but you explained it really well.
    kudos to you mate.

  • @timng9104
    @timng9104 Год назад +9

    PCA is like 'magic', never really understood it but it is so useful! thanks for the great video.

  • @findclue
    @findclue 6 месяцев назад +1

    This video is very good! I like how you labeled the first component as "power". I think it is important to clarify that PCA loses the distinction of original features unless you keep all the principal components, and this new labeling explains this very well.

  • @rezahomam7454
    @rezahomam7454 Год назад +5

    That is an absolute masterpiece. Thank you for your plain, visualizing video.

  • @samiswilf
    @samiswilf Год назад +2

    Best video on PCA I've seen out the hundreds

  • @anjishnu8643
    @anjishnu8643 3 года назад +17

    Really well explained and amazing visualizations! Thanks.

  • @TAHIRKHAN-be6qf
    @TAHIRKHAN-be6qf 2 года назад +1

    Amazing Bachir Khadir ! Visually you explained in much lesser time. keep developing Visual world. waiting to see you

  • @吳冠賢-t1v
    @吳冠賢-t1v 11 месяцев назад +1

    such a clearly explanation for PCA! Giving the example really helps a lot to understand the meaning and how to use it.

  • @GeorgeZoto
    @GeorgeZoto Год назад +2

    Awesome visual and intuitive way to explain PCA, loved the graphics too :)

  • @sudhenduahir802
    @sudhenduahir802 3 года назад +4

    Very well put in such a short time.. conveyed the essence very well.. I'll go ahead and subscribe to you..
    Keep up the awesome work..

  • @pietro452
    @pietro452 Год назад +1

    Best video out here about PCA!

  • @alexfoo_dw
    @alexfoo_dw 3 года назад +11

    Beautiful and well explained :) Hello from Singapore!
    I'm wondering: what animation software do you use to produce this?

    • @VisuallyExplained
      @VisuallyExplained  3 года назад +13

      Hello! :) I used the software Blender3D for creating the 3D animations, the library manim for 2D, and premiere/after effect for putting everything together.

    • @alexfoo_dw
      @alexfoo_dw 3 года назад +3

      @@VisuallyExplained amazing! Thanks much :) keep doing what you do

  • @linusisu
    @linusisu 6 месяцев назад +9

    Extraordinary Video! I will show this to my students in all my linear algebra classes. One very minor comment: it is worth mentioning that your data is centered before beginning your analysis. That is, each column vector has it mean subtracted. That is why, C (as you defined), is a covariance matrix.

  • @Mohammed-hr9th
    @Mohammed-hr9th 7 месяцев назад +1

    Perfectly explained.

  • @suheladesilva2933
    @suheladesilva2933 8 месяцев назад +1

    Brilliant video, thanks very much.

  • @santali-tr3rj
    @santali-tr3rj Год назад

    U are great sir .I messed up with finding what is PCA .All ppl 's explaining way is complicated .urs way can help ppl understand python PCA.Thanks .

  • @shivamakarte4184
    @shivamakarte4184 8 месяцев назад +1

    great visuals, thanks!

  • @rubenfranciscoarterobanare4862
    @rubenfranciscoarterobanare4862 Год назад +1

    Nice explanation simple fast and efective, good job with the example and the edition too

  • @shenglifan6487
    @shenglifan6487 Год назад +1

    amazingly clear explanation of PCA!

  • @erikhallstrom5259
    @erikhallstrom5259 2 года назад +2

    Amazing! But such a cliff-hanger! I want to see the kernel trick as well :)

  • @akoredeadebayo4269
    @akoredeadebayo4269 Год назад +1

    Thank you, the video was fun to watch with clear explanations

  • @CStrik3r
    @CStrik3r 3 года назад +1

    Big ups from 🇲🇦 Keep up the great work 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼

  • @LLL_elder
    @LLL_elder 3 года назад +1

    Excellent explanation with a beautiful aesthetic

  • @chouaib0012able
    @chouaib0012able Год назад +1

    Excellent brother 🇲🇦

  • @arthmishra6474
    @arthmishra6474 Год назад +1

    Loved the visual depiction to explain the concept.. I wish to know which software was used for the animations ??

  • @charlesmiller8391
    @charlesmiller8391 2 года назад +1

    Really helpful video and channel overall! Hope you keep It up

  • @tomasjavurek1030
    @tomasjavurek1030 5 месяцев назад

    It might be possible to explain the search for PCs even without explaining the Langrangian optimization: There is simply a linear transformation that one wants to perform on the features such that the covariance matrix is as diagonal as possible. The reason for that is that when non-diagonal terms are 0 or close to 0, it means, that the two corresponding new features are really independent. So the explanation can actually boil down to finding the best linear transformation. So this wage explanation shows why we should search for eigenvectors. It however doesn't explain why the best eigenvector is the one with the largest eigenvalue.

  • @anna.a189
    @anna.a189 2 года назад

    Very well Explained!! Leaving a comment to increase the popularity of the video!

  • @cobrasniper555
    @cobrasniper555 5 месяцев назад

    Great video! But, how is happiness related to any of these factors? Based on the covariance matrix, I could only see how each factor is related to one another. Was there another vector in there based on ranking that is not included?

  • @luis96xd
    @luis96xd 2 года назад +1

    Great video and nice explanations! has a lot of work on the animations and textures 😁👍

  • @magalhaees
    @magalhaees 3 месяца назад

    We center the data to have a mean of 0, which allows us to match the form of the covariance matrix provided in the video

  • @tomasjavurek1030
    @tomasjavurek1030 5 месяцев назад

    And thanks for the video btw. It is amazing.

  • @iskhezia
    @iskhezia 4 месяца назад

    I love it! Thanks for that. Can you share the code used for PCA in this video, please? I am trying repeat, but my results dont check with yours, I want to see where I'm going wrong (I didn't find it in the description on github).
    Thanks for the video.

  • @0202fabrice
    @0202fabrice Год назад

    Thank you! It brings back (mostly unpleasant) memories of college matrix algebra from 4 decades past... but I get the gist.
    The only thing I could wish for would be a way to stop the video, and have a tool to re-orient the static 3D representation onto the 2D screen. That would greatly help me visualize what's being said (so well!)

    • @VisuallyExplained
      @VisuallyExplained  Год назад

      Thanks for the feedback, that’s an interesting suggestion

  • @MsKouider
    @MsKouider Год назад

    simple but not simplist.. this is the eigenTRUTH. THANKS FROM ALGERIA...

  • @epsilondelta_873
    @epsilondelta_873 Год назад

    Just asking... am i right to say C is semipositive definite?

  • @fuzhouwang5593
    @fuzhouwang5593 2 года назад

    Thank you for this amazing video. This has helped me a lot, but I am a little bit confused about 2:18 when you say that it can be solved via Lagrange multiplier -- is this a convex optimization problem? The form looks good but this is a maximization problem. How can we apply the Lagrange multiplier method to solve a problem if it is non-convex?

    • @VisuallyExplained
      @VisuallyExplained  2 года назад +1

      Great point! The problem as written is not convex. But this is one of the (very) few nonconvex problems that can be solved to optimality with techniques usually reserved for convex problems.

  • @varunkumar7237
    @varunkumar7237 Месяц назад

    Thank you

  • @user-alexander353
    @user-alexander353 9 месяцев назад

    Thanks!

  • @pomegranate8593
    @pomegranate8593 Год назад

    SUPERAWESOME!!!

  • @곽효상-f1d
    @곽효상-f1d Год назад

    This is so good

  • @AHMADKELIX
    @AHMADKELIX 2 года назад

    permission for learn sir .thank you

  • @NikosKoutsilieris
    @NikosKoutsilieris Год назад

    thanks mate!

  • @vinayakmarv6873
    @vinayakmarv6873 2 года назад

    Nice

  • @popping1483
    @popping1483 5 месяцев назад +2

    I know that Moroccan accent

  • @flaguser4196
    @flaguser4196 2 года назад

    how i imagine a typical united nations summit discussion to be

  • @igorg4129
    @igorg4129 Год назад +1

    I am sorry for criticism, please read it only if you want to improve, otherwise leave it.
    Your graphics are great, and you know it, but some steps are not explained at all. For example at 4:45 suddenly show 3 axes that stop being perpendicular it is not only not clear why, but this unexplained "why" keeps the student`s brain busy instead of keeping following you. I am well familiar with the PCA and I maybe understood what you were trying to say, but others probably or didn't get you or (the most common) think they did. but they did not.

    • @VisuallyExplained
      @VisuallyExplained  Год назад

      Thank you for taking the time to watch the video so carefully. I very much welcome your criticism to help improve the channel :-)

  • @RonMatthews-q6h
    @RonMatthews-q6h 6 дней назад

    Garcia Angela Jones Jason Thompson Patricia

  • @Clare-n8y
    @Clare-n8y 11 дней назад

    Lewis Deborah Gonzalez Helen Moore Christopher

  • @gloriahodges5127
    @gloriahodges5127 11 дней назад

    Lopez Steven Jackson Richard Davis Helen

  • @AprilCollins-c1z
    @AprilCollins-c1z 12 дней назад

    Gonzalez Mary Harris Dorothy Perez Kenneth

  • @AnetteSmith-z3m
    @AnetteSmith-z3m 20 дней назад

    Rodriguez Timothy Moore Michael Walker Shirley

  • @StephenHolder-p3u
    @StephenHolder-p3u 11 дней назад

    Miller Daniel Hall David Brown Amy

  • @kaylabrooks4252
    @kaylabrooks4252 7 дней назад

    Martin Edward Walker Cynthia Taylor Jennifer

  • @SvjVdmdmm-y6e
    @SvjVdmdmm-y6e 14 дней назад

    Young Kevin Miller Patricia Brown Nancy

  • @NancyMendozai
    @NancyMendozai Месяц назад

    Taylor Sharon Walker Nancy Moore Gary

  • @DevenRandla-d7x
    @DevenRandla-d7x 26 дней назад

    Clark Joseph Young Elizabeth Johnson Jessica

  • @LyttonDominic-s5l
    @LyttonDominic-s5l 11 дней назад

    Jackson Jeffrey Williams Jeffrey Hall John

  • @ad_koishi3266
    @ad_koishi3266 Год назад +2

    awesome animations!!! Thanks so much!

  • @StephenHolder-p3u
    @StephenHolder-p3u 24 дня назад

    Harris Jennifer Harris Kenneth Thompson Richard

  • @BurneJonesClaire-b1v
    @BurneJonesClaire-b1v 24 дня назад

    Lee Jason Perez Karen Jones Betty

  • @judgelaloicmoi
    @judgelaloicmoi 2 года назад +3

    very good explanation. just how could you infer the meaning of the first two components that you called ‘power’ & ´balance’ ?

    • @VisuallyExplained
      @VisuallyExplained  2 года назад +2

      This is actually a very good question! One of the downsides of PCA is that it gives components that not interpretable by defaults. The only way to give them meaning is to look at the coefficients of the vector components and try to make sense of them (which is what I did for the video).

  • @Higgsinophysics
    @Higgsinophysics 2 года назад +3

    You are a very talented teacher !

  • @StevenFrancis667
    @StevenFrancis667 Год назад +2

    just wanted to thank you brother for this hard work! best explanations! saving me in grad school right now!

  • @laurielgm
    @laurielgm 10 месяцев назад +1

    Awesome!!! Thank you so much! It's so fun to watch and so well explained!

  • @dragnar4743
    @dragnar4743 11 месяцев назад +1

    Wow, simplified the entire concept of PCA. And also I love the example u gave. Thnx for the vid 💛🧡

  • @amrithagk4477
    @amrithagk4477 Год назад +1

    Amazing explanation! Thank you

  • @ashaswathi
    @ashaswathi 10 месяцев назад +1

    Absolutely loved the explanation

  • @gj1hj6013
    @gj1hj6013 Год назад +1

    Super informative and so eloquently explained! Thankyou so much!

  • @nano7586
    @nano7586 2 месяца назад

    But where does the factor "happiness" play a role here? We usually optimize some dependent variable (e.g. "happiness") but it isn't represented anywhere here, while it's the question we're asking. I'm a bit confused here :/

  • @revanthyanduru6755
    @revanthyanduru6755 2 года назад +1

    excellent!!

  • @jayantnema9610
    @jayantnema9610 2 года назад +1

    dude! what an amazing channel! Super underrated man

  • @LucyTaylor-n4m
    @LucyTaylor-n4m 22 дня назад

    Wilson Angela Garcia Elizabeth Martinez Anthony

  • @nitika9769
    @nitika9769 8 месяцев назад

    1:55 information preserved i.e. dot product would be just x transpose u, wouldn't it? why did we square it? is it because how we always take root mean square ??

  • @nano7586
    @nano7586 2 месяца назад

    But what does it mean "to provide as much information as possible"? To maximize the variance?

  • @MuslimaAhamed-w8q
    @MuslimaAhamed-w8q 18 дней назад

    Thomas Jose Clark Kimberly Davis Susan

  • @Arthur-uw1vm
    @Arthur-uw1vm 4 месяца назад

    at 4:57, "the happiest country seems to be the most balanced ones", seems wrong, it should be "the most power ones" ?

  • @FaradayDave-x2s
    @FaradayDave-x2s 15 дней назад

    Martinez Steven Robinson Kevin Perez George

  • @bryansalewinese7738
    @bryansalewinese7738 13 дней назад

    Hall Shirley Jones Maria Williams Linda

  • @SusanCrone
    @SusanCrone 7 дней назад

    Martin Kenneth Garcia Deborah Moore Sarah

  • @SusanCrone
    @SusanCrone 14 дней назад

    Moore Patricia Johnson Frank Garcia Sandra

  • @penelopegalbraith4189
    @penelopegalbraith4189 13 дней назад

    Lewis Mark Taylor Jose Perez Betty

  • @1matzeplayer1
    @1matzeplayer1 4 месяца назад

    Great video!

  • @techbeauti
    @techbeauti Год назад

    Great video, For clarity, I've noticed that the features are color coordinated however, Social is green and Life is Blue which makes your equation for u1 and u2 the life and social labels should be swapped. u2 = (0.22 GDP + 0.55 Social) - 0.8 Life . Check the vectors as well. Could you please clarify.
    Just an observation for clarity. Thank you. :)

  • @seydapoyraz9684
    @seydapoyraz9684 5 месяцев назад

    thank you

  • @HåvardNordlieMathisen
    @HåvardNordlieMathisen 11 месяцев назад

    Well explained video, but just a quick pointer. "Icelandic countries" is not a thing. Iceland is a country by itself. I am sure you must have meant Scandinavian countries. :) Otherwise, well made.

  • @huh_wtf
    @huh_wtf 2 года назад

    Very respectfully, please use correct maps of countries. For example India.

  • @ayushjaiswal5288
    @ayushjaiswal5288 8 месяцев назад

    Great great video very much easier to understand

  • @kaushalgagan6723
    @kaushalgagan6723 2 года назад

    this channel really good

  • @kejiahu3531
    @kejiahu3531 Год назад

    Thank you! Very clear!

  • @cP-rh9cf
    @cP-rh9cf Год назад

    how u hv taken gradient

  • @piyukr
    @piyukr 2 года назад

    One word: grateful

  • @roshinroy5129
    @roshinroy5129 2 года назад

    Amazing explanation man

  • @drOthman1984
    @drOthman1984 Год назад

    Excellent work.

  • @haraldurkarlsson1147
    @haraldurkarlsson1147 Год назад

    Hmm - I don't Norway would appreciate being called an "Icelandic" country. Iceland might not.

  • @kavinyudhitia
    @kavinyudhitia 2 года назад

    Nice!

  • @guilhermehx7159
    @guilhermehx7159 Год назад

    0:00

  • @BurneJonesClaire-b1v
    @BurneJonesClaire-b1v 10 дней назад

    Garcia Charles Moore Brenda Martin Sandra