I'm sitting here waiting for a fishing boat and I'm looking at a sailboat and wondered how this thing works. This guy 100% explained it in the easiest way to understand possible. What a great video explanation.
You blew my mind when you said, "it's an airplane sideways." Boom all I needed to hear. Absolute master at explaining. I was concerned wondering how sail boats don't get pushed around.
The fact that the sail of a sailboat is essentially an airplane wing was a huge revelation for me! One small correction though, the Coanda effect doesn't pull the wing upwards at all. The Coanda effect describes how powered jet flows will stay attached to a convex surface, whereas the flow over a sail stays attached due to its viscosity forming an attached boundary layer (much like how water will stay attached to the edge of a cup if you pour it out slowly)
I just started my physics college class, and someone had posted this video to help better understand how sailboats move. Your video was not only informative but cute as well! I loved it!! I'll need to watch your other videos now!
This is so easy to understand especially since every one else has to make a 20 minute video about it and it’s so hard to understand so this guy is and his channel has the best most simple illustration
I may be more confused than when I started... I could understand the airplane wing in my little guy years, this still escapes me. I might have to get out on a boat to try to understand this. I will watch this again, I can tell it's a very good video. Thank you!
Just took my first sailing lesson yesterday and couldn't deduce the relationship of the angles of wind to sail to keel (rudder in my case). This was the analogy I wish I'd seen in their intro part of the lesson. I need to fwd this to that instructor and i give you my compliments.
I grew up on a sailboat and my dad always taught me to point my nose into the sea highways (the lines made by wind pushing on the water). I always used the water to determine where my nose should be and how to adjust my sail. explaining that to ANYONE never made sense, but now I can just show them this haha
Best explanation of sailing physics I was able to find! Beats the MIT video because the latter requires solid knowledge of physics which I don't have. It would be nice if you could make a more indepth video and explain the role of the rudder and discuss the force of the wind as well.
This was such a great explanation. I'd love to hear more about what the maximum speed this can propel a vessel is, since the relative wind speed increases as the ship speeds up. Why can't you theoretically generate infinite momentum from this?
I honestly thought sailing was when you had to follow an air current or an ocean current like just being on a running river. I assumed sailors just moved along different currents like one-way freeways and had to hop from one current to another until it eventually zig zagged them to their destination. I always figured this meant that people sailing from england to the american colonies had to bounce around these water freeways according to nautical charts. Never knew you actually flew forward AGAINST the wind. I also happen to be a sailing instructor for the navy, so this was news to me. 😂
Great explanation! Although I already knew the physics, it took me a while to find it in RUclips. Thank you. But may I say that this is only true for triangular or lateen sails? This does not happen with square sails. And it was this invention (among others) that open the seas for the Portuguese on the year of 1500.
What do you mean 45 degrees on either side of the wind, about the no-go zone? Does it refer to the fact that the wind passes along both sides of the sail, or am I reading this wrong?
It’s virtually impossible to sail in that zone, as it’s hard to create that lift, when you’re going head on into the breeze. Some Maxi Racing Yachts can sail higher into that zone. But it depends on how they are designed.
With all due respect, there is a scientific error in the explanation of the keel and rudder part, as per the end of the text immediately below. . The starting point to understand how it is possible for a sailboat to sail against the wind is to understand how an airplane sustains itself (by Bernoulli's Principle and by action and reaction) and how an F1 "sticks" to the ground (essentially by action and reaction, and not by Bernoulli). . When an airplane is cruising and flying completely horizontal, it is lifted almost exclusively by Bernoulli: the difference in geometry at the top and bottom of the wings creates lift. This force is perpendicular to the motion of the plane, and drag (drag, or air resistance) is minimal. . As a curiosity, the aerodynamic drag of an Airbus A380 in cruise, for example, is 0.0265 (against 0.001 of a laminar fluid on a plate, and 0.005 of a turbulent fluid on a plate); even so, it consumes a huge amount of fuel, something like an average of 5 liters per second in a flight. . An airplane can also fly based on action and reaction; the most obvious example is that of a paper airplane, whose wings are straight and could not be supported by Bernoulli. In its flight, however, its beak must be slightly tilted upwards, so that the air enters underneath and sustains it. The main characteristic of a flight by action and reaction is the high drag: a study with two types of paper airplanes showed that they have a drag coefficient between 0.8 ("Stunt Plane") and 1 (" The Glider"). . Note that even an airplane like the A380 will face enormous drag both in the climb and in the descent, due to the air that enters either below or above and will tend to brake it. . Another situation in which there will be enormous fuel consumption is if it were to fly upside down: in this case it would be like a paper airplane, and its beak, in order to sustain itself, must be kept slightly tilted upwards. . To close this part, an F1 car "sticks" to the ground due to the forces generated by the wings (two front and one rear), which are basically inverted wedges: the airfoils of an F1 do not work like an inverted wing of an airplane ( they perhaps more closely resemble the elevators of this one). They are just wedges in which the natural downforce is generated at the cost of drag (this is sometimes positive, because it helps the car to brake. It can contribute up to 1g of braking), that is, based exclusively on the principle of action and reaction. . As a consequence, the drag coefficient of an F1 is very high, reaching values as high as 1.1! A driver once commented that driving an F1 is like trying to accelerate a car with an open parachute behind it. . . Having made this introduction, it became much easier to understand how a sailboat sails against the wind. That experiment where you blow on the side of a sheet of paper and it rises, almost like magic, is a clear demonstration of Bernoulli's Principle! Due to the greater air velocity in the upper part of the paper, there is a lower pressure (to understand, imagine a hose connected to a faucet, and this one is open: with the faucet open, but the nozzle of the hose locked, the force against the walls is huge, but when we unlock the nozzle and the water acquires enormous speed it may be that, even with a hole in the hose, it does not leak through it, but continues to flow), and with that the leaf rises! . Note that blowing in one direction generated a lift force, in a perpendicular direction, which is amazing! . Returning to the sailboat, it cannot face the wind head-on and walk against it in this situation, but it can be placed on its side, in such a position that the wind generates lift in the sails from the difference in inclination of its material (the sail is with a more rounded side, like an airplane wing); note that one of the components of lift is in the opposite direction to the force of the winds (and will obviously have a much lower intensity than this one) and the other in a perpendicular direction to this one (also lower intensity). The tendency is for the sailboat to walk inclined in the direction of the wind (for example, either northwest or northeast, if we are talking about a north-south wind), that is, going sideways. . And here comes the mistake. . In a common boat, not a sailboat, the rudder is largely responsible for steering it (the helm changes the position of the rudder). On a sailboat, it also serves to counterbalance the force to one side generated by the sails, but this does not occur as an "inverted lift", or the same lift in the perpendicular but to the other side; in other words, they say that the Bernoulli Principle is at work there, when it is not. What happens inside the water is just action and reaction (that is, something more similar to the wings of an F1, and not to those of a cruising plane): if the boat tends, for example, to the northeast, just turn the rudder to the left, so that the course is corrected, so that the sailboat has the final tendency to walk into the wind. . As we are not talking about an active force, that is, in the end, it is the wind that is setting the tone (note: I am ignoring possible sea currents and proximity to surf zones), the tendency is that, even with the rudder positioned in such a way as to counterbalance the force of the sail in the opposite direction, it will still be displaced in an inclined manner, either to the northwest or to the northeast (in the case of a north-south wind), however the solution is simple: after a while, just invert the position the sails, as well as the rudder, so that the vessel zigzags around the main straight path into the wind.
The water is not an active force if the boat is not moving and there is no current. But when the boat is in motion the rudder and keel are also wings the water is moving in the same way the air is moving I relationship to a wing is apparent current
The lift vector for the keel is wrong. The keel can only produce lift at an angle that is 90 degrees from its cord. There is no way that the keel provides lift in a forward direction. This video could be better in terms of a more accurate vector analysis for the lift vector produced by the sail and the lift vector produced by the keel.
I always hate the comparison to the "simple" plane wing physics. Because it isnt simple at all. Lift is very counterintuitive and we actually don't fully understand how it works when it comes to rounded wings. Like we dont understand it as a human race yet lol. But yes the basics are simple if you dont think too hard about what is actually happening
Dude, I have licence to sail and I was never able to explain the physics.
I strongly believe your channel is gold
Wow, thanks!
Im still searching for the explanation I can understand.
@@AMEER-114-you should not even play with a toy boat , even in a bathtub.
@@coolfix948
Thanks for the encouragement.
What do they teach you while getting certified?
This is the best illustration of how a sailboat works I can find on the internet.
Glad it was helpful!
Lodha 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
You just said that I am a very stupid person
@@AMEER-114-
nothing wrong with being stupid as long as you want to learn
@@namename4396 yeah...
But IF that's the best illustration and I still dont get it...
I'm tooooo stupid to learn it.
I'm sitting here waiting for a fishing boat and I'm looking at a sailboat and wondered how this thing works. This guy 100% explained it in the easiest way to understand possible. What a great video explanation.
You blew my mind when you said, "it's an airplane sideways." Boom all I needed to hear. Absolute master at explaining. I was concerned wondering how sail boats don't get pushed around.
The fact that the sail of a sailboat is essentially an airplane wing was a huge revelation for me! One small correction though, the Coanda effect doesn't pull the wing upwards at all. The Coanda effect describes how powered jet flows will stay attached to a convex surface, whereas the flow over a sail stays attached due to its viscosity forming an attached boundary layer (much like how water will stay attached to the edge of a cup if you pour it out slowly)
I wonder why the final illustration with wind "under and over the 'wing'" going at it from opposite directions.. (left and right) makes sense?
I just started my physics college class, and someone had posted this video to help better understand how sailboats move. Your video was not only informative but cute as well! I loved it!! I'll need to watch your other videos now!
This is so easy to understand especially since every one else has to make a 20 minute video about it and it’s so hard to understand so this guy is and his channel has the best most simple illustration
Wow, great video.
I never imagined any similarities between sailboats and planes. This was phenomenally explained and illustrated.
I may be more confused than when I started... I could understand the airplane wing in my little guy years, this still escapes me. I might have to get out on a boat to try to understand this.
I will watch this again, I can tell it's a very good video. Thank you!
Best use for when I’m teaching sailing, so much clearer and concise ☺️☺️
Happy to hear!
A true master can explain the most complicated thing in the simplest way
Just took my first sailing lesson yesterday and couldn't deduce the relationship of the angles of wind to sail to keel (rudder in my case). This was the analogy I wish I'd seen in their intro part of the lesson. I need to fwd this to that instructor and i give you my compliments.
That is the best and simplest way of explaining how sailing boats work that I've seen. Brilliant. Thanks!
Concise and to the point. Enjoyed this educational video thoroughly and came away understanding the concept. Thank you.
By far the best explanation of sail physics I have seen. A+
The best explanation I've seen, thanks a lot for sharing!
Appreciate it, thanks for watching!
Just starting my beginner sailing class soon. Finally the explanation I needed! Thank you!
You are a real inspiration for an aspiring Science RUclipsr like me.
THANKS
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoy this channel
Excellent
I feel like you should have also mentioned rudders
But it was still brilliant
Thanks for the advise.
Succinctly explained; and, through cool animation. Thank you very much!
Things that seem common sense but aren't actually really, this is one fine example of that. Sailing is not a simple as it first seems.
I grew up on a sailboat and my dad always taught me to point my nose into the sea highways (the lines made by wind pushing on the water). I always used the water to determine where my nose should be and how to adjust my sail. explaining that to ANYONE never made sense, but now I can just show them this haha
Thank you - as a beginner windsurfer, this helps
Amazing video. I have showed ALL of my friends
Glad you shared!
Best explanation of sailing physics I was able to find! Beats the MIT video because the latter requires solid knowledge of physics which I don't have. It would be nice if you could make a more indepth video and explain the role of the rudder and discuss the force of the wind as well.
Watch a few videos and this is the best. Thank you.
Wow great stuff
I'll start reffering students here,
great animation and analogy mah dude !
Cheers
wow, this is so easy to understand!!
This was very interesting and well explained
Great video. Thank you
What a clear explanation!!
Thank you.
Excellent video
Great video
This was such a great explanation. I'd love to hear more about what the maximum speed this can propel a vessel is, since the relative wind speed increases as the ship speeds up. Why can't you theoretically generate infinite momentum from this?
the wind never came dead on?
watch the very end of the video
I honestly thought sailing was when you had to follow an air current or an ocean current like just being on a running river. I assumed sailors just moved along different currents like one-way freeways and had to hop from one current to another until it eventually zig zagged them to their destination. I always figured this meant that people sailing from england to the american colonies had to bounce around these water freeways according to nautical charts. Never knew you actually flew forward AGAINST the wind. I also happen to be a sailing instructor for the navy, so this was news to me. 😂
Very helpful video!
Who’s watching this before their sailing license exam? 😭
Thank you very much for this perfect video ♡
Brilliantly described and in layman's terms.
Great explanation! Although I already knew the physics, it took me a while to find it in RUclips. Thank you.
But may I say that this is only true for triangular or lateen sails? This does not happen with square sails. And it was this invention (among others) that open the seas for the Portuguese on the year of 1500.
The second you said "Airplane on its side" I knew exactly what you meant
What about huge boats like pirate ships? Does the keel of those larger boats have the same affect?
Wow, best video ever man;x
nice trousers
But how can a keel generate lift left and right depending on circumstance? Airplane wings are shaped to provide vertical lift always
Leeway on the keel
Great job🎉
Thanks I appreciate it.
Love your explanation and animation.
How do I learn to animation like this? What tool do you use?
I’m wondering the same!!! There’s no way it’s classically done. Wondering if it’s a program he uses.. if so which?
Sadly I doubt we’ll get an answer.
Superb
Glad you enjoyed it!
GREAT STUFF
Excellent! Explained so simply and logically!
I assume Solar "wind" won't let us fly towards the sun?!? No lift and no keel... - I am asking... :)
if the force is from the bottom water and top air are opposite, the boat might get disbalance and go down. is it right?
Say it in simple words and methods
Wouldn't square sails work differently?
Thank you for the explanation, I was wondering how a certain event happened in Jojo part 7.
Still dont get it. How does it sail against the wind. I cant get my head around it.
The wind "sucks" it along, albeit at an angle to the wind
What do you mean 45 degrees on either side of the wind, about the no-go zone? Does it refer to the fact that the wind passes along both sides of the sail, or am I reading this wrong?
It’s virtually impossible to sail in that zone, as it’s hard to create that lift, when you’re going head on into the breeze.
Some Maxi Racing Yachts can sail higher into that zone. But it depends on how they are designed.
Finally!
this is good
Thanks I appreciate it.
With all due respect, there is a scientific error in the explanation of the keel and rudder part, as per the end of the text immediately below.
.
The starting point to understand how it is possible for a sailboat to sail against the wind is to understand how an airplane sustains itself (by Bernoulli's Principle and by action and reaction) and how an F1 "sticks" to the ground (essentially by action and reaction, and not by Bernoulli).
.
When an airplane is cruising and flying completely horizontal, it is lifted almost exclusively by Bernoulli: the difference in geometry at the top and bottom of the wings creates lift. This force is perpendicular to the motion of the plane, and drag (drag, or air resistance) is minimal.
.
As a curiosity, the aerodynamic drag of an Airbus A380 in cruise, for example, is 0.0265 (against 0.001 of a laminar fluid on a plate, and 0.005 of a turbulent fluid on a plate); even so, it consumes a huge amount of fuel, something like an average of 5 liters per second in a flight.
.
An airplane can also fly based on action and reaction; the most obvious example is that of a paper airplane, whose wings are straight and could not be supported by Bernoulli. In its flight, however, its beak must be slightly tilted upwards, so that the air enters underneath and sustains it. The main characteristic of a flight by action and reaction is the high drag: a study with two types of paper airplanes showed that they have a drag coefficient between 0.8 ("Stunt Plane") and 1 (" The Glider").
.
Note that even an airplane like the A380 will face enormous drag both in the climb and in the descent, due to the air that enters either below or above and will tend to brake it.
.
Another situation in which there will be enormous fuel consumption is if it were to fly upside down: in this case it would be like a paper airplane, and its beak, in order to sustain itself, must be kept slightly tilted upwards. . To close this part, an F1 car "sticks" to the ground due to the forces generated by the wings (two front and one rear), which are basically inverted wedges: the airfoils of an F1 do not work like an inverted wing of an airplane ( they perhaps more closely resemble the elevators of this one). They are just wedges in which the natural downforce is generated at the cost of drag (this is sometimes positive, because it helps the car to brake. It can contribute up to 1g of braking), that is, based exclusively on the principle of action and reaction. .
As a consequence, the drag coefficient of an F1 is very high, reaching values as high as 1.1! A driver once commented that driving an F1 is like trying to accelerate a car with an open parachute behind it. . .
Having made this introduction, it became much easier to understand how a sailboat sails against the wind. That experiment where you blow on the side of a sheet of paper and it rises, almost like magic, is a clear demonstration of Bernoulli's Principle! Due to the greater air velocity in the upper part of the paper, there is a lower pressure (to understand, imagine a hose connected to a faucet, and this one is open: with the faucet open, but the nozzle of the hose locked, the force against the walls is huge, but when we unlock the nozzle and the water acquires enormous speed it may be that, even with a hole in the hose, it does not leak through it, but continues to flow), and with that the leaf rises!
.
Note that blowing in one direction generated a lift force, in a perpendicular direction, which is amazing!
.
Returning to the sailboat, it cannot face the wind head-on and walk against it in this situation, but it can be placed on its side, in such a position that the wind generates lift in the sails from the difference in inclination of its material (the sail is with a more rounded side, like an airplane wing); note that one of the components of lift is in the opposite direction to the force of the winds (and will obviously have a much lower intensity than this one) and the other in a perpendicular direction to this one (also lower intensity).
The tendency is for the sailboat to walk inclined in the direction of the wind (for example, either northwest or northeast, if we are talking about a north-south wind), that is, going sideways.
.
And here comes the mistake.
.
In a common boat, not a sailboat, the rudder is largely responsible for steering it (the helm changes the position of the rudder). On a sailboat, it also serves to counterbalance the force to one side generated by the sails, but this does not occur as an "inverted lift", or the same lift in the perpendicular but to the other side; in other words, they say that the Bernoulli Principle is at work there, when it is not. What happens inside the water is just action and reaction (that is, something more similar to the wings of an F1, and not to those of a cruising plane): if the boat tends, for example, to the northeast, just turn the rudder to the left, so that the course is corrected, so that the sailboat has the final tendency to walk into the wind. . As we are not talking about an active force, that is, in the end, it is the wind that is setting the tone (note: I am ignoring possible sea currents and proximity to surf zones), the tendency is that, even with the rudder positioned in such a way as to counterbalance the force of the sail in the opposite direction, it will still be displaced in an inclined manner, either to the northwest or to the northeast (in the case of a north-south wind), however the solution is simple: after a while, just invert the position the sails, as well as the rudder, so that the vessel zigzags around the main straight path into the wind.
How do you invert the position of the sails?
The water is not an active force if the boat is not moving and there is no current. But when the boat is in motion the rudder and keel are also wings the water is moving in the same way the air is moving I relationship to a wing is apparent current
설명좋았다
Still don't get it :( but this sounds like a great explanation
I feel like an enlightened idiot. I'll take what I can get, subscribed!
the things i need to learn for my dnd campaign...
Gituh boi 🙏🏽
Some of the wind “pulls the wings up.”……how does that happen then? 😂
so basically 45* of front is no go zone right :V
That's right!
Meanwhile galleys: 🗿🗿🗿
The lift vector for the keel is wrong. The keel can only produce lift at an angle that is 90 degrees from its cord. There is no way that the keel provides lift in a forward direction.
This video could be better in terms of a more accurate vector analysis for the lift vector produced by the sail and the lift vector produced by the keel.
Keel leeway?
@@pigslefats In order for the keel to produce lift, it has to have an angle of attack against the flow of water.
You really glazed over the end there, it sounds like you can't sail DIRECTLY into the wind?
I always hate the comparison to the "simple" plane wing physics. Because it isnt simple at all. Lift is very counterintuitive and we actually don't fully understand how it works when it comes to rounded wings. Like we dont understand it as a human race yet lol. But yes the basics are simple if you dont think too hard about what is actually happening
I ate some edibles, and wondered if you could sail toward the wind.
I don't understand either 😆
Who the hell genius behind this sail invention, I wander??
east asian sailor. javanese recording the use of that sail on 7century temple.
So the sails on a sailboat was invented based after the invention of the wings of an airplane? 🤨😏
Exemplary
I’m so confused. lol.
ㅎㅇ
Not a good demo.
The force of water on the keel is PERPENDICULAR to the boat, not at an angle.
Let Mark Alexander Hulme Sail Upwind 🎭 @markhulmemma