I grew up with the notion that tantalum capacitors were always the "tear drop" design and that they had specific applications outside of what a typical electrolytic would be used for. My biggest problem in learning how to use capacitors was that the instructors failed to teach me how to calculate the value of a capacity needed in a given circumstance and that mean that I never really learned what I wanted to and finally got pulled in a different direction and ended up never learning electronics like I would have liked to.
Appreciate the great video 🙏 Please make a part 2 video, covering other capacitor types that you mentioned at the end of the video, with your great practical examples.
This video does a fair job of covering the basics. I give you a B+ for what you've covered. You forgot C0G ceramics, which are nearly as stable as mica, which you mentioned in passing at the end but deserve special note for their high stability and durability. You also forgot to mention the piezoelectric properties of ceramic capacitors, which can often be a deal breaker. Tantalum capacitors tend to have much lower ESR than aluminum, which is often a design consideration in power supply regulation. With some LDO linear regulators, a designer might specify a low value aluminum electrolytic on an "internal ESR will stabilize it" basis. Class II ceramics with any DC across them have voltage dependent derating that a designer needs to account for. The major manufacturers typically publish derating curves and they're fairly well characterized, so this isn't so much a disadvantage as a "potential trap for young players." Finally, the charge tank motor control circuit could work beautifully with a C0G ceramic and a fairly high value resistor, depending on the desired duty cycle of the motor.
Very helpful, thank you. I believe I will use a ceramic capacitor soldered very close to or on the terminals of my 12vdc motor project where polarity will be switched back and forth on a timer. Before watching this video I only knew of ceramic and electrolytic capacitors .. I knew there must be others but didnt know anything about them. Thanks again, very helpful.
Actually, in 99% of the times you want to place capacitors close to power terminals (in parallel) of critical components. It is a must for ICs, MCUs. As close as possible.
Thanks for explaining the componets of a componant. Ive been wondering this since people exlaining general components just say the inside is complex. I feel explaining the inside of a component will give a understanding of it and how it works. Please do more of the design of components
This was a really great video. I really needed this one. Structured in a good way and with nice to the point practical examples. You should make more videos like this one about different things and technologies an electrical engineer should know about. for example filter types or power supply types and how to design them. Well done. Great work.
great video, but i have a small addition: the capacitors stability over temperature and voltage is more so determined by the dielectric used to build it and not by how many layers it has. A MLCC with a class 3 dielectric can also express huge shifts in it's parameters
Great introduction to capacitors. An important, relatively new type of capacitor is the polymer variant of aluminium and tantalum electrolytic capacitors. In them, the electrolyte is replaced by a solid polymer material, which makes the capacitors have overall better characteristics than their wet siblings. They are becoming especially popular in SMD size.
Thank you for going into such depth! You have answered a lot of my questions on capacitor types and functions. What was the meter you were using? Thanks again! 👍👌
Fantastic video, thank you for the excellent explanation! I knew about the different types and what characteristics were expected, but I did not know which type corresponded with which characteristics and which might be suitable for which task.
thanks very much for this video. i started to watch all videos in your channel. this practice style teaching is best in my opinion. i see some tools in your videos like rigol oscilloscope, unitt tool. Before watcing your videos , i was not thinking an ossiloscope usefull like this. can u advice price quality balanced tools. i wanted to buy your rigol oscilloscope, it is adviced in electronics forums too but it looks expensive, so do u recommend instustar pc ossiloscope. do we need 100Mz 1GB/s for ossiloscope. they say that chinese cheap ossiloscope are not accurate in some conditions. And i need lcr measurement tool, do i need to buy L and C seperately. this kind of video also may be good.
Dear Sir. This video was very interesting and informative. I usually work at high frequencies like 30 MHz and above, and sometimes I get inaccurate results in the circuit performance. What type of capacitors do you advice for such applications to get better results and accuracies?
Thank you for the compliment. It depends on the circuit requirements, this video covers a major part of the journey but there are other points that you have to research yourself. You will come across many problems when working at high frequency other than choosing right capacitor type.
Interesting video. Btw,... at 12:40 you're mentioning tht the electrolitic capacitors are not durable, leakage, inaccurate etc... Last week, I've tested some of my older capacitors which are been recycles and stored, some of them are over 50 (!!) years old. I used professional lab equipment and guess what... Perfect! The value was right on the spot and they all are in a fine working condition. So I guess you could say mine are very durable and accurate... ;-)
They don't make them like they used to. 😁 Electrolytics seem physically smaller for any given capacitance / voltage / temperature rating, than they used to be. So maybe that is a trade off vs reliability.
Please make a video om where the companies get the elements to make a component. Im curious where they form naturally on earth. Is it some vegetables and fruit or is it all metal and material inside the earth?
What about parasitere infectivity of capacitors, which have wound foils? In fact, they should behave like a LC-LC... Circuit where the L are in series and the C are parallel connected between the Ls.
Nice, and I thought i knew all there was to know, had no idea there was so much variation. But i still dont understand how these things work. Like how they pass electricty when theres no connection. I seen a good video that used the water anology with capacitors, a capacitor was an elastic membrane in the water pipe. so normal DC water couldnt flow straight through, but vibrating water (alternating current) the elastic membrane was able to reproduce the wave on the other end. In a way capactirs copy electricity, not really pass iit? Thats what the analogy basically say. So the original electrons dont actaully get past the capacitor, they just get converted to electricla field? But thats just an anology... Anyway thanks for a good one on capacitors.
If properly derated, they work fine. See manufacturer recommendations. But old things can fail. Some electrolytics have destroyed circuit boards due to leakage. Resistors can burn, too. Tantalum is anyway a problematic material due to mining conditions.
Electrolytic capacitors can explode and ricochet across the room leaving a trail of aluminium chaff. That disadvantage is not mentioned in this video. 😁😁😁
@@notaras1985 It is the use of small values of capacitor placed next to digital logic integrated circuits across their power supply lines. Without them, the logic chips will malfunction
Ideal Capacitor vs real capacitors Leakage resistance (parallel) - (series) R equivalent series resistance esr - (series) L esl equivalent series inductance Ceramic Cap - on ardinuo or on a dc motor for filtering. single layer vs multi layer Transformer to diode bridge to cap - DC rectifier Current draw impacts the ripple observed Polarized like electrolytic vs non polarized like ceramic. Different schematic drawing have the positive side as straight, not curved. White strip is the negative (curved) axial leads (straight), radial leads are on the same. in electrolytic capacitors, the have an oxide, black material that he scratches off of the aluminum and that allows for higher capacitances and adds polarity. Bad for an AC application where the polarity matters. tantalum metal is a more expensive and smaller and better. Temperature is proportional to farad. heating increases farads. Thoses are paper film (dialectric) But there are also plastic films (like polyester, or polypropylene, or polycarbonate) They are stabler from a heat perspective. Plastic Film is good for a Motor Control Unit (MCU), a motor delay circuit. Heat sheilding Good for snubber circuits MKT capacitors are plastic that are higher quality. Glass, Air, Vacuum types like paper, plastic films, and ceramic as dialectric materials. Super or Variable types.
Electrolytic capacitors have low voltage rating? Didn't know 500+Volts is low voltage lol. Yes there is much higher voltage rating caps but let's by real, electrolytic caps have very wide voltage range.
Yeah, it is possible to make an electrolytic capacitor with much higher voltage rating. My intention was to talk more generally. I mean electrolytic caps have lower voltage rating RELATIVE to others in general 👍
I told someone recently to use an electrolytic for something, and then when I went to pick one out I realized that we stopped calling them electrolytic caps about four evolutions ago.
Always appreciate you men.
🍻🍻🍻
Thank you as always for the education! There are many places to learn the theory but your lessons offer the practical considerations as well.
I grew up with the notion that tantalum capacitors were always the "tear drop" design and that they had specific applications outside of what a typical electrolytic would be used for. My biggest problem in learning how to use capacitors was that the instructors failed to teach me how to calculate the value of a capacity needed in a given circumstance and that mean that I never really learned what I wanted to and finally got pulled in a different direction and ended up never learning electronics like I would have liked to.
Appreciate the great video 🙏
Please make a part 2 video, covering other capacitor types that you mentioned at the end of the video, with your great practical examples.
Thank you so much for the compliment.
That's a good idea 💡 👍
Very practical and useful knowledge thank you ✨
Glad it was helpful!
Well done , that was a great video with a ton of great information, thanks 👍
Glad it was helpful!
This video does a fair job of covering the basics. I give you a B+ for what you've covered.
You forgot C0G ceramics, which are nearly as stable as mica, which you mentioned in passing at the end but deserve special note for their high stability and durability. You also forgot to mention the piezoelectric properties of ceramic capacitors, which can often be a deal breaker.
Tantalum capacitors tend to have much lower ESR than aluminum, which is often a design consideration in power supply regulation. With some LDO linear regulators, a designer might specify a low value aluminum electrolytic on an "internal ESR will stabilize it" basis.
Class II ceramics with any DC across them have voltage dependent derating that a designer needs to account for. The major manufacturers typically publish derating curves and they're fairly well characterized, so this isn't so much a disadvantage as a "potential trap for young players."
Finally, the charge tank motor control circuit could work beautifully with a C0G ceramic and a fairly high value resistor, depending on the desired duty cycle of the motor.
I appreciate your B+ 😁
Lol
Very helpful, thank you. I believe I will use a ceramic capacitor soldered very close to or on the terminals of my 12vdc motor project where polarity will be switched back and forth on a timer. Before watching this video I only knew of ceramic and electrolytic capacitors .. I knew there must be others but didnt know anything about them. Thanks again, very helpful.
Actually, in 99% of the times you want to place capacitors close to power terminals (in parallel) of critical components. It is a must for ICs, MCUs. As close as possible.
You are very welcome
I'm early in ee education and this gave me a much better feel for capacitors and capacitance, appreciate it!
Wow, awesome 😍
Thanks for explaining the componets of a componant. Ive been wondering this since people exlaining general components just say the inside is complex. I feel explaining the inside of a component will give a understanding of it and how it works. Please do more of the design of components
Thank you for the knowledge you shared Sir😯... It is really helpful...🧐
It's my pleasure❤️
This was a really great video. I really needed this one. Structured in a good way and with nice to the point practical examples. You should make more videos like this one about different things and technologies an electrical engineer should know about. for example filter types or power supply types and how to design them. Well done. Great work.
Awesome, glad you liked the video.
By the way, there is already a video about RLC filters in the channel.
Thanks a bunch, this bothered me for a while 😁
Thank youmy friend for the 50CZK , it was a great source of motivation ❤️
Answers all the obscure questions I always had!
Awesome, cheers 🥂
Your explanation is brief, useful and practical🎉
Glad to hear that dear masoud❤️❤️❤️
Thank you mr Wizard ,
Have good day.
Thank you too, for watching
great video, but i have a small addition: the capacitors stability over temperature and voltage is more so determined by the dielectric used to build it and not by how many layers it has. A MLCC with a class 3 dielectric can also express huge shifts in it's parameters
Thank you for the point 👍
Great introduction to capacitors. An important, relatively new type of capacitor is the polymer variant of aluminium and tantalum electrolytic capacitors. In them, the electrolyte is replaced by a solid polymer material, which makes the capacitors have overall better characteristics than their wet siblings. They are becoming especially popular in SMD size.
I haven't heard anything about it, but it seems awesome 👍
This is a great video brother and thank you for these informations
Glad you enjoyed it
Great lesson, thanks indeed! 👍🏻
My pleasure!
Great work, your explanations are of great value for beginners.
Can you make a similar video on various resistor types ?
Thank youfor your kind words.
Yeah, I can 👍
I like your videos and learning a lot from your videos 🥰
Keep watching my friend ❤️
Thank you for going into such depth! You have answered a lot of my questions on capacitor types and functions. What was the meter you were using? Thanks again! 👍👌
Glad it was helpful. My meter is a UNI-T LCR Meter
@@elewizard Thank you for the response! 👍😊
Thank you!
You're welcome!
Fantastic video, thank you for the excellent explanation! I knew about the different types and what characteristics were expected, but I did not know which type corresponded with which characteristics and which might be suitable for which task.
Glad it was helpful!
Cheers 🥂
GOOD PRESENTATION!WOULD YOU GO OVER SAFETY CAPACITORS X Y?
Thank you so much.
Safety caps? I'll search for it 👍
Very well explained
Thank you for your kind words
This is a great video! Thank you very much!
Glad it was helpful!❤️
Very nice video ! Can i use non polarized capacitors instead of electrolytic one for low capacitance ? Thanks-
Yes, you can 👍
@@elewizard thanks for your answer.
thanks very much for this video. i started to watch all videos in your channel. this practice style teaching is best in my opinion. i see some tools in your videos like rigol oscilloscope, unitt tool. Before watcing your videos , i was not thinking an ossiloscope usefull like this. can u advice price quality balanced tools. i wanted to buy your rigol oscilloscope, it is adviced in electronics forums too but it looks expensive, so do u recommend instustar pc ossiloscope. do we need 100Mz 1GB/s for ossiloscope. they say that chinese cheap ossiloscope are not accurate in some conditions. And i need lcr measurement tool, do i need to buy L and C seperately. this kind of video also may be good.
Thanks! very helpful
You're welcome!
Great videos. Thanks.
Glad you like them!🥂
👍 very useful , thank a lot
👍👍👍
Dear Sir. This video was very interesting and informative. I usually work at high frequencies like 30 MHz and above, and sometimes I get inaccurate results in the circuit performance. What type of capacitors do you advice for such applications to get better results and accuracies?
Thank you for the compliment.
It depends on the circuit requirements, this video covers a major part of the journey but there are other points that you have to research yourself.
You will come across many problems when working at high frequency other than choosing right capacitor type.
Thank you.
You're welcome!
Interesting video. Btw,... at 12:40 you're mentioning tht the electrolitic capacitors are not durable, leakage, inaccurate etc... Last week, I've tested some of my older capacitors which are been recycles and stored, some of them are over 50 (!!) years old. I used professional lab equipment and guess what... Perfect! The value was right on the spot and they all are in a fine working condition. So I guess you could say mine are very durable and accurate... ;-)
I said that in a general manner. I mean, electrolytic capacitors are more likely to get aged compared to other types
They don't make them like they used to. 😁
Electrolytics seem physically smaller for any given capacitance / voltage / temperature rating, than they used to be. So maybe that is a trade off vs reliability.
عالیسن مهندس 🎉
Thank you masoud. ❤️
Thanks
Your welcome dude
👍👍👍
👍👍👍
Please make a video om where the companies get the elements to make a component. Im curious where they form naturally on earth. Is it some vegetables and fruit or is it all metal and material inside the earth?
What about parasitere infectivity of capacitors, which have wound foils? In fact, they should behave like a LC-LC... Circuit where the L are in series and the C are parallel connected between the Ls.
What about a-symmetric high voltage capacitors...?
As was said in an episode of Stargate - SG1: “I like the pink ones” 😁
😁
Nice, and I thought i knew all there was to know, had no idea there was so much variation. But i still dont understand how these things work. Like how they pass electricty when theres no connection. I seen a good video that used the water anology with capacitors, a capacitor was an elastic membrane in the water pipe. so normal DC water couldnt flow straight through, but vibrating water (alternating current) the elastic membrane was able to reproduce the wave on the other end. In a way capactirs copy electricity, not really pass iit? Thats what the analogy basically say. So the original electrons dont actaully get past the capacitor, they just get converted to electricla field? But thats just an anology... Anyway thanks for a good one on capacitors.
Thank you for watching
👍
👍
Iv not seen your videos been put out in a while
💖💖💖💖
❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
In the next videos, try to use another heating device that does not produce electromagnetic pulses and cause distortion in your measurement equipment.
Good point 👍
Tantalum caps can burst into flames upon failing. That disadvantage is not mentioned in this video.
If properly derated, they work fine. See manufacturer recommendations. But old things can fail. Some electrolytics have destroyed circuit boards due to leakage. Resistors can burn, too. Tantalum is anyway a problematic material due to mining conditions.
Electrolytic capacitors can explode and ricochet across the room leaving a trail of aluminium chaff. That disadvantage is not mentioned in this video.
😁😁😁
Tantalum ignites easily
What is the usual uses of ceramic capacitors?
They are general-purpose, you can use them in almost everywhere
Filtering, supply decoupling on digital logic circuits are two key uses.
@@deang5622 what is supply decoupling
@@notaras1985 It is the use of small values of capacitor placed next to digital logic integrated circuits across their power supply lines. Without them, the logic chips will malfunction
Okay to use Chinese capacitors?
It depends on your project. If you are making a disposable product, go ahead 👍
snubber LOL always called them debounce circuits because they remove the power on bounce rapidly
Maybe
Ideal Capacitor vs real capacitors
Leakage resistance (parallel) - (series) R equivalent series resistance esr - (series) L esl equivalent series inductance
Ceramic Cap - on ardinuo or on a dc motor for filtering.
single layer vs multi layer
Transformer to diode bridge to cap - DC rectifier
Current draw impacts the ripple observed
Polarized like electrolytic vs non polarized like ceramic.
Different schematic drawing have the positive side as straight, not curved.
White strip is the negative (curved)
axial leads (straight), radial leads are on the same.
in electrolytic capacitors, the have an oxide, black material that he scratches off of the aluminum and that allows for higher capacitances and adds polarity.
Bad for an AC application where the polarity matters.
tantalum metal is a more expensive and smaller and better.
Temperature is proportional to farad. heating increases farads.
Thoses are paper film (dialectric)
But there are also plastic films (like polyester, or polypropylene, or polycarbonate)
They are stabler from a heat perspective.
Plastic Film is good for a Motor Control Unit (MCU), a motor delay circuit.
Heat sheilding
Good for snubber circuits
MKT capacitors are plastic that are higher quality.
Glass, Air, Vacuum types like paper, plastic films, and ceramic as dialectric materials.
Super or Variable types.
"capacitance" appears 34 times in this video. "capacitor/capacitors" appears 208 times.
Maybe Because of the subject of the video 😁
Part 2 I gather.
پرچم بچه اردبیل بالاست
Yasha gardash
Electrolytic capacitors have low voltage rating? Didn't know 500+Volts is low voltage lol. Yes there is much higher voltage rating caps but let's by real, electrolytic caps have very wide voltage range.
Yeah, it is possible to make an electrolytic capacitor with much higher voltage rating.
My intention was to talk more generally. I mean electrolytic caps have lower voltage rating RELATIVE to others in general 👍
Yes. But why do they smell like rancid peanut butter when you destroy them?
Because of the chemicals used to build them
Asking the hard questions
I told someone recently to use an electrolytic for something, and then when I went to pick one out I realized that we stopped calling them electrolytic caps about four evolutions ago.
imagine most people know electronics someday and there will be more robots will exists
Never gonna happen.
The math required to understand electronics properly is too advanced for most people.