The Unification of Italy: Every Day
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- Опубликовано: 9 фев 2025
- An animated map of every event of Italian unification from the 1859 War with Austria to the 1870 Capture of Rome. ➤ Support this channel with my Patreon!: / emperortigerstar
Music used:
"Five Armies", "Killers", and "Majestic Hills" by Kevin MacLeod
Note:
Most brigand activity was the equivalent of rural banditry, but there were occasional clashes with soldiers. However most were not outright insurrections like with Crocco's group.
Sources:
Frascella, Tom. “Fight for Unification Comes to Southern Italy.” San Felese Society of New Jersey, August 2015. sanfelesesociet....
Grew, Raymond. “How Success Spoiled the Risorgimento.” The Journal of Modern History 34, no. 3 (September 1962): 239-53. doi.org/10.108....
Lecce, Giampaolo, Laura Ogliari, and Tommaso Orlando. “Resistance to Institutions and Cultural Distance: Brigandage in Post-Unification Italy.” Dissertation, Centro Studi Luca D’agliano, 2021.
Ollivier , Émile. L’empire Libéral. Vol. 4. 17 vols. Paris: Garnier Fréres, 1899.
Trevelyan, George Macaulay. Garibaldi and the Making of Italy. 5th ed. New York etc.: Longmans, Green and co, 1914.
Walpole, Spencer. The History of Twenty-Five Years. Vol. 1. 8 vols. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1904.
Wylly, H. C. The Campaign of Magenta and Solferino 1859. Vol. 4. 6 vols. of Special Campaign. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., 1907.
Past Work: • The Austro-Prussian Wa...
Giuseppe Garibaldi's always a fun historical figure to read about.
Just a correction. The Duchy of Parma was under the Bourbons not the Habsburgs
Garibaldi was a CHAD
Fun Fact: Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the rebels in the Farroupilha revolution (war of independence of Rio Grande do Sul against the Empire of Brazil) and was appointed captain lieutenant, commander of the Farroupilha navy, participating in the conflict until he was dismissed in 1841 and went to live in Uruguay.
A truly legendary man.
we love a historically progressive mercenary
This video is ceded to France who immediately cedes it to Italy.
This video Lost 90% of his empire🇦🇹🇦🇹😂😂
@@Ləonardo08and died of dysentery
A couple fun facts:
1. Garibaldi was against ceding Savoy and Nice to France. He hoped one day those territories could be taken back, and maybe annex Corsica too while they were at it.
2. The Italian Front of WW1 was referred to by some Italians as the “Fourth Independence War.”
Not really, Tyrol at the time was German majority and still is
i recall he was from nice too so he was really upset about his home being controlled by foreigners
Garibaldi was very much against ceding Nice as it was his home town.
@@Brandon-c6fTrento and Trieste not so much.
@@Brandon-c6fbut Trento and Trieste, the main objectives of the war were Italian majority areas.
I love how Austria could not swallow giving the in their eyes "undeserving" Italians land and kept giving the land to France. I imagine Napoleon III being like "Not again" when Austria presented them with Venice.
Also, using your Roman theme for Italy attacking the Pope was a nice touch!
Which is kinda funny because Austrians themselves didnt obtaineid Veneto by conquering it, Napoleon give it to them in 1797.
Mostly caused by the austrians kicking the italians in the face for most of the austro-prussian war
@@poghos633grandissimo !!! 💯
@@VagueCastle649 San Martino... and we are keeping Alto Adige too.
@@VagueCastle649they got slapped by Garibaldi in the Trentino campaign lol, simply they wanted to provocate. Classic Austrian arrogance
Fun fact about this war: the pope said he will excommunicate anyone that declares the conquest of Rome , the Italian general gave it to a Jewish officer to do it (Jewish community of Italy was actually very important to Italian nationalism)
This is partly my fault: turns out Sègre had, by pure coincidence, already been placed in charge of the artillery.
Probably one my favorite memes of “a little bit of trolling”
@@SamAronow Wait so it's not true?
@@SamAronowHey Sam! Good to see you. Liked the video you posted today. Yet even so, thank you for reminding us in your videos like the one you posted today how Jews often disproportionately involved in nationalist movements; because if they can help achieve equality under the law it will mean better treatment for them as it will protect them from unfair discrimination and unfair mistreatment at the hands of antisemitic government.
@@ofersagi5653 It's more a happy coincidence.
Crazy how this all happened in just 11 years. Sardinia went from being a small kingdom bordering France to unifying all of Italy for the first time since the Roman Empire, defeating the Austrians and ending the Papal States. A millennium of a disunited Italy and Papal independence ended in roughly a decade.
I don't want to be that guy, but Italy was also unified under the Ostrogoths, the byzantines and so on
I think it ends up the only strong Italian state after the events of the napoleonic and general early modern period
@@esti-od1mzwhat? The ostroghot didn't unify they were immigrant Who conquered Italy and had clashes with italian people because nobody wanted them there
@@esti-od1mz almost. Italy was unified under the Ostrogoths, then split between Lombards and Bizantium. Justinian did unify it for a little bit, but that doesn't really count
@@amymagdaleneta well, he also said "since the roman empire'
Fun fact: the rebels in the south and the whole banditry thing would linger for far longer, as the newly unified Italians were more busy consolidating the rich north and left the south alone. This causes people to turn to these gangs or local powerful families to effectively run the government for them, forming what we now know as the Mafia.
NONSENSE!
1) the mafia (read camorra) was a thing since the 1600s
2) Italy spent a SHITTON of money to sustain the south which was so badly neglected it still needs tonget on par
3) the brigands were thugs hired by the crown in exile but they were so f*cking busy to pillage their own people their foreigner catalan advisors openly denounced them
sources: Marco Vigna, Pino Ippolito Armino
Because they were betrayed by North. People were fighting for Saridinia and after conquest living there were worse than before
- Saridnia switched them for rich people there...
wrong
the mafia was around since 1600s and the brigands wete thugs hired by the exiled crown
but they were too busy pillaging their own people
@@Dariusz_1.618
the bourbons neglected the land so hard that no matter how much the rest of Italy invested (yes, the flux of money to the south was huge) they still struggle today to stay on par.
@@FlagAnthem
I was comparing Bourbon times to times just after Sardinia took those lands.
It was significant downgrade - from simply poor areas became dramatically poor - that's why you had many insurrections there.
At first, people wanted to change the government back ( restoring ), but later it was a classic fight against the imposed system.
Region integrated with rest before 1914, but economical racism prevailed - the northerners treated the southerners with contempt.
Over time, this has diminished and today it is probably an insignificant fraction of people.
I’m very impressed you mapped the brigand war in basilicata! Bravo. I was planning to make a separate video with all of the different brigand groups in basilicata but it would take too much research.
Marco Vigna wrote a MISTER book on it
I'm still obsessed that the Habsburgs refused to cede lands to Sardinia/Italy directly, because they felt "they didn't deserve it", even if they knew France is going to give the land to them anyway, just to spite Italy and make a point. And they pulled that twice!
Didn't do that in ww1😂
These Austrian...
mere infamy transfer
They take the BIG L in ww1😂 cry in austrian
Also because Austria didn't recognise Italy until the triple alliance
it's crazy to think how much it took to unify italy after fall of rome
It's because Italy wasn't a thing until this unification. Not even under Roman rule.
@@uvbe obviously there couldnt be italy while there was rome
@@uvbe it was a thing under roman rule actually. The whole region of Italia was considered for centuries after the social wars the place where most of the republican/imperial elite came from and all italic had roman citizienship. Augustus even reorganized Italy adding the modern northern italy. While obviously italy was not a nation nor there was a conception of italy as a nation, saying that italy just wasn't a thing is false. Even the Romans said that Italy was "not a Province, but ruler of all Provinces" (Italia non provincia, sed domina provinciarum) and also called the peninsula "Rectrix Mundi" (Ruler of the world) just as the city of Rome was "Caput Mundi"
@@Zyragonnfunny thing, there was. Romans "invented" Italy as the metropolitan area of Rome, a stark contrast to provinces.
@@uvbe"Italia" has been a thing for 3000 years you baloon
Damn, the names used by non italians on some of the unification wars are so cursed (as an italian)
What do you call these tho?
@ayyberk_yavass sardinian austrian war is the second war of indipendence and the italo austrian war is the third war of independence
And the conquest of the two sicilies is just known as the expedition of the thousand
@@ayyberk_yavass second and third war of independence. WW1 is sometimes called the fourth war of independence
I agree
@@fiorino4554I never heard the raw names, I always refer to them as “independence”
4:19 Civitella del Tronto mentioned!!! (It was the last Bourbon fortress to surrender to the Savoys and yet it is often forgotten)
Garibaldi fun facts: July 1807 in Nice, which had been conquered by the French Republic in 1792 to Ligurians. In 1814, the Congress of Vienna returned Nice to Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia, although of course as shown here, Nice would be returned to France in 1860 by the Treaty of Turin, over the objections of Garibaldi. He lived in Istanbul from 1828 to 1832. He became an instructor and taught Italian, French, and mathematics in the Ottoman Empire. Garibaldi had close ties with the vast Sardinian exile network in the Ottoman Empire. In April 1833, he travelled to Taganrog, in the then Russian Empire, aboard a schooner with a shipment of oranges. During ten days in port, he met Giovanni Battista Cuneo from Oneglia, a politically active immigrant and member of the secret Young Italy movement of Giuseppe Mazzini. Mazzini was a passionate proponent of Italian unification as a liberal republic via political and social reform.
Garibaldi first sailed to the Beylik of Tunis before eventually finding his way to the Empire of Brazil. Once there, he took up the cause of the Riograndense Republic in its attempt to separate from Brazil, joining the rebels known as the Ragamuffins in the Ragamuffin War of 1835. During this war, he met Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro da Silva, commonly known as Anita. When the rebels proclaimed the Catarinense Republic in the Brazilian province of Santa Catarina in 1839, she joined him aboard his ship, Rio Pardo, and fought alongside him at the battles of Imbituba and Laguna. In 1841, Garibaldi and Anita moved to Montevideo, Uruguay, where Garibaldi worked as a trader and schoolmaster. There, he learned about the gaucho culture, when he adopted his distinctive style of clothing, wearing the red shirt, poncho, and hat commonly worn by gauchos. In 1842, Garibaldi took command of the Uruguayan fleet and raised an Italian Legion of soldiers known as Redshirts for the Uruguayan Civil War. Garibaldi aligned his forces with the Uruguayan Colorados led by Fructuoso Rivera and Joaquín Suárez, who were aligned with the Argentine Unitarian Party. This faction received some support from the French and British in their struggle against the forces of former Uruguayan president Manuel Oribe's Blancos, which was also aligned with Argentine Federales under the rule of Buenos Aires caudillo Juan Manuel de Rosas. The Italian Legion adopted a black flag that represented Italy in mourning, with a volcano at the center that symbolized the dormant power in their homeland. The legion first wore red shirts in Uruguay, getting them from a factory in Montevideo that had intended to export them to the slaughterhouses of Argentina. These shirts became the symbol of Garibaldi and his followers.
Sardinia fun facts: Sardinia’s coastline measures around 1,850 km long. The island makes up nearly a quarter of the total length of the Italian coastline. The famous scene in 1977 film The Spy Who Loved Me where James Bond drives a Lotus Esprit out of the sea was filmed on Sardinia’s Spiaggia Capriccioli. The cove beach can be found close to the northern tip of the island, along the Tyrrhenian Sea between Sardinia and the Italian mainland. Asinara, a small island off the coast of Sardinia, is home to a colony of wild albino donkeys. There are over 7000 Nuraghi (round stone towers) built on the island that date back to 1800BC. The Nuraghe of Barumini, found in central Sardinia, is listed as a World Heritage Site. The masks of the Mamuthones, Issohadores, Boes, and Merdule, among the best known in Sardinia, belong to two different traditions. The Mamuthones and the Issohadores are typical masks of the Mamoiada carnival parade in Sardinia. The Boes, and the Merdules instead belong to the barbaric tradition of the carnival of Ottana in the province of Nuoro, which depicts the struggle between the animal nature of the Boe and the intelligence of man, the Merdule. Sardinian cuisine is known for casu martzu, a traditional Sardinian sheep milk cheese that contains live insect larvae (maggots). Derived from pecorino, casu martzu goes beyond typical fermentation to a stage of decomposition, brought about by the digestive action of the larvae of the cheese fly of the Piophilidae family. These larvae are deliberately introduced to the cheese, promoting an advanced level of fermentation and breaking down of the cheese's fats. The texture of the cheese becomes very soft, with some liquid (called làgrima, Sardinian for "teardrop") seeping out.
And this little comment is literally four videos on another RUclips channel.
I'd add the fact that the polls in Nice were actually dubious as the city had an Italian population, the French annexation preceded an exodus of Italians out of the city
Wasn't Garibaldi himself born in Nice?
Yeah but that was pretty much the usual for all the plebiscites regarding unfication and nationalism
@@SirioResteghini ya
Dubious? Well also, it's funny to think that the population in very rich regions and under modern governments of Tuscany or Veneto or Lombardy were overjoyed to vote to be succumbed to a rule of absolutist king from some mountains which army very freshly came to occupy them. Nationalist movement was strong but bayonets were and always are a stronger argument..
Italian in what sense?
The unification of Italy is like when I use console commands in EU4. "And then, for no reason at all, they decided to become my vassal"
Victoria 3 has a special event where Italian states can revolt and join with the strongest potential unifier
actually there was a lot of reasons. People were uprising in the name of nationalism and wanted unification. The various Dukes couldn't do much to avoid it.
0:55 here you should’ve mentioned Solferino. So many died in this bloody battle it led to the foundation of the International Red Cross.
Crocco's Brigands straight up sounds like a fake band from a Nickelodeon show.
Big time rush's Italian counterparts!
Interesting fact: in italian historiography, some people refer as ww1 as the 4th war of independence (because the last important italian cities were took, Trento and Trieste)
Garabaldi is one of my favorite generals. The Napoleon of Italy
not really
he wasn't really interested in power and personal gain and favoured guerilla over classical warfare (which he mastered as well)
A fun fact of him is how Garibaldi wanted a republic of Italy rather than a Kingdom of Italy, but since his desires of watching an unified Italy were stronger, he just complied with Italy being unified as a kingdom under the house of Savoy.
I'm pretty sure Napoleon is the Napoleon of Italy
@gabrieleballetta0794 true
As an Italian I like how people are finally acknowledging my country's struggle of unification, Thank you Tiger!
This is when we realize that the United States is older than a United Italy.
Parma wasn't Habsburg, it was Bourbon. It had been ruled by a Habsburg (Marie Louise, Napoleon's widow) as late as 1847, but after her death without heirs, it reverted to its previous ruling dynasty (a branch of the Spanish Bourbons) that in the interim had been parked in Lucca (which was then annexed by Tuscany as part of this whole deal).
After more than 1300 years Italy has become united again. The last person to succeed in this feat was Emperor Justinian and it didn't last long.
Odoacro 500 bc
Great video as always, although there is one technical error: Parma was not ruled by Habsburgs at the time, but Bourbons
Yeah, but they were basically a Habsburg puppet state (not to mention, it was originally ruled by a Habsburg after its restoration in 1815), so why not throw it in too.
For me, the duchy of Massa Carrara should have united Italy. Strongest nation EVER!
San Marino supremacy
Massa capitale del regno? Mai e poi mai
3:08 Garibaldi, after conquering Sicily: one down, one to go!
Yeah theres 2 of them
•San Marino🇸🇲: I am good.😎🍿
we pissed our pants over and over again
but a good word by garibaldi, Napoleon III and Abe Lincoln were enough
@@FlagAnthem WW2?
Tigerstar returning to his roots, I see.
My great-great-great-grandfather Lazare (1833-1893) was a cannon's horse driver in the French expeditionary forces during the 1859 campaign ; I still own his medal and certificate obtained in Bergamo.
It's interesting how Bismarck seems more perceptive than Napoleon III in the medium term, but Napoleon was right in the long term. Cultivating a friendly Italy and promoting its unification created a lasting friendship which would prove vital to France in the First World War. Bismarck's work for the German unification only paved the way for the country's expansionistic ruination, while Napoleon III made lasting contributions to the substance of the French nation that would make it stronger in the end, but not within his lifetime. Conversely, Bismarck's work fell apart after he died.
Except there was no guarantee that Italy would become a French ally in WWI. After all, they were a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, and they did have colonial disputes with France (mainly in Tunisia, which they had wanted for themselves).
@tylerbozinovski427 Italy had irreconcilable disagreements with Austria-Hungary over South Tyrol and Dalmatia. These were a core part of Italian irredentism, and A-H was not going to give them up- not least because Dalmatia was the Habsburgs' only source of sea access. With France, all Italy stood to regain were a few border towns, but a monopoly on the Adriatic and a frontier in the Alps promised real strategic benefit.
As a result, Italy was driven towards the Entente, which offered a much better deal for less risk to Italy's foreign and colonial interests. These would have quickly collapsed if Italy had gone to war with Britain, which could have easily confined the country to the Mediterranean via Gibraltar, a blockade which would have certainly caused a famine and probably a revolution. Italian leaders knew this, and while they tried to maintain friendly relations with both sides to varying degrees, the best hope for Germany and friends is for Italy to remain neutral.
Overwhelming strategic considerations prevented war with the Entente, which Mussolini would ignore to his country's ruin in the next war.
@@irene_deneb to be fair he waited until the french were about to collapse, in 1940 europe was basically in the hands of the germans, it makes sense to join them, as the minor powers in the balkans did
Before seeing Germany's apparent omnipotence Mussolini wasn't very fond of Hitler(to the point of preventing Anschluss in 1934 by guaranteeing Austrian independence)
Sardinia and revolutionaries be like: "Alright, get lost! All of you, you're fired! Go on, scram, get out of here, you moochers!"
(Habsburg Grand Duchy of Tuscany walks away)
(Habsburg Duchy of Modena and Reggio walks away)
(Duchy of Parma and Piacenza walks away)
"That's right, keep moving!"
(Kingdom of the Two Sicilies walks away)
(Papal States walks away)
"Except you, you stay"
*(Most Serene Republic of San Marino)*
For those who don't know, during the later phase of the Italian unification process in the 19th century, San Marino served as a refuge for many people persecuted because of their support for unification, including Giuseppe Garibaldi and his wife Anita. Thus, as a show of thanks, Garibaldi allowed San Marino to remain independent. San Marino and the Kingdom of Italy signed a Convention of Friendship in 1862. Some fun facts about San Marino, San Marino is the world's oldest constitutional republic as its constitution was written in 1600. San Marino's constitution dictates that its democratically elected legislature, the Grand and General Council, must elect two heads of state every six months. Known as the Captains Regent, they serve concurrently and with equal powers. The government of San Marino made US President Abraham Lincoln an honorary citizen. He wrote in reply, saying that the republic proved that "government founded on republican principles is capable of being so administered as to be secure and enduring".
Wait Avery you're still alive? I haven't seen you in a long time.
Austria: I want you to have this *gives venice* It’s a little Venice
France: I don’t really want this
Austria: D:
Italy: I’ll have it if you don’t want it.
France: Ok here. *gives venice* if that’s alright with you, Austria.
Austria: I mean you already… it’s your gift man. Do what you want with it.
A fellow Smiling Friends watcher, I see.
This whole thing of "ceding land to France who then cedes to Sardinia" makes the Austrian Habsburgs look like such sore spoiled brats.
I am from the province of potenza, in basilicata, the brigantaggio part was very accurate, good video❤
“The capital of Italy is officially moved from Florence to Rome”
When men cried tears of joy
Whole video:
Italy declared war on Austria
Italy won
THIS LAND IS CEDED TO FRANCE FOR SOME REASON, THEN IMMEDIATELY ANNEXED BY ITALY
Didn’t expect the origin of the mafia to be in a unification of Italy video but what was I thinking.
*EVVIVA L'ITALIA*
Viva!
Viva!
This is the video I was searching for since weeks. Why do we not learn this in school? We only learn German Unification and Italy isn't even mentioned in the Austria War. 😭
Best video about Risorgimento
Very good video
A rework of the old awesome vid? Nice!
For some reason I never expected Sardinia to be the powerhouse of the peninsula's unification...
Its kind of funny how italy ended up being decided in a face off between the kingdom of sardinia + mainland bit and the kingdom of sicily + mainland bit.
Cool video but it is missing the territory gained after WW1.
It would also have been nice to mention the status of San Marino and Vatican City.
"Fine loyalty! You are all a set of vipers, of whited sepulchres, and wanting in faith. I am no prophet, nor son of a prophet, but I tell you, you will never enter Rome!" -Pope Pius IX, shortly before losing Rome
"Cry more Pope" my honest answer
lol
cry harder
This video has singlehandedly doubled my understanding of modern Italy.
Also find it funny how Rome was destroyed by the Germans and then rebuilt with help from the Germans, considering it was Prussia who helped Italy win northern Italian territories like Venice, and then also went to war with France which gave Italy the ability to invade the Papal States.
What’s incredible is how Corsica stayed part of France instead of also joining Italy.
See what reply the Corsicans did to Mussolini in 1938 and 1940-43 duh
Why is it incredible? Corsica has been French for almost 100 years while Italy didn’t even existed at the time.
@ Because Corsicans are so much closer geographically, and culturally, and genetically, and linguistically to Italy.
@@A410-f1o after being sold by genoa, and a culture doesn't change after you gain control over them
the Corsicans would really like to go their own way
You have to admit that it’s pretty funny that all of italy was united by *sardinia*, and not literally any mainland kingdom.
the name is actually sardinia-piedmont, sardinia was given to Savoy instead of sicily after Napoleon 1, while it was called Kingdom of Sardinia, the actual power and capital remained in Turin, Piedmont
@@Baello999 wasn't it exchanged for sicily after napoleon
the royal title belonged to Sardinia, the house of Savoy were "just" Duchies of... well... Savoy and Princes of Piedmont
Yes, it was given by Austra in exchange for Sicily following the War of the Quadruple Alliance. A war Savoy didn't actually fight in. Savoy got Sicily after the War of the Spanish Succession, after switching sides. Yes Savoy/Italy's military incompetency runs deep.
FINALLY every day activity
Fun fact: the reason why Vatican City exists is because, after the fall of the Papal States, the Pope basically holed up on the Vatican Hill (home to St Peter's Basilica, the most important church in the Catholic world) and refused to recognize Italy unless Italy recognized Vatican independence. It's basically a tiny remnant of the nation of the Papal States.
4:03 Great Sardina
So Italy is basically Greater Sardinia?
If you want to see it that way...
Empire of Sardinia is canon
I guess the UK is Greater Normandy? And Germany is Big Prussia?
Italy is Italy
Sardinia-Piedmont had to provide tbe king and law because everybody else DID NOT.
the only exceptions is language (Italian, not Sardinian) and the navy (which was modelled after the Bourbon one)
Sardinia is not Greater Italy it just unite it
Holy shit, Tigerstar discovered drop shadows
Lol I've been using them for at least a year now.
@EmperorTigerstar guess I wasn't caught up with your uploads
Well arguably the last war of unification was WWI, it should have been included
Florence people: our city as been devastated to make it the house of the King, but at least we're the capital
The King: great job, let's move to Rome
Great!
Can you do history of Germanic tribes form 225bc-481ad?
I loved this animation!
I would be very interested in seeing the rise and fall of the "Most Serene Republic of Venice" (traditionally known as La Serenìssima).
1000 years of empire, marvelous
As an Italian, unification is not complete without San Marino, the Vatican, neice and savoy, Istria and Malta
There's a nice memorial to French troops in a park in Milan, relating to the first war covered by this timeline.
Garibaldi was a mercenary. Italy should have remained the way it was as it is divided today. The north moves the country, the south lives on it, and as consequence mafia moved also to parliament and to the working part of the country.
volunteer =/= mercenary
Cry more, meridionale
San Marino: "If we stay very quiet they won't notice us."
"Austro-Italian War" ?
First time i hear someone call it like that (:
Per l’Italia unita, per il popolo, per dio, per tutti gli italiani, dai piemontesi fino ai pugliesi, VIVA L’UNITÀ!
F in the chat for the bros who died fighting against Garibaldi and were forgotten by history.
Re: Tuscany, the region is still littered or punctuated, take your pick, with statues of one Leopold of Habsburg or another. There's one in Livorno in a big square, that bears a giant plaque commemorating the overthrow of the dynasty and it says they were "no longer conducive to the happiness of the Tuscanian people" which, well, i mean, top level banta
Love me some Risorgimento
4:42 is "exectured" a typo (executed) in the info box?
Yes
6:25 the Treaty of Vienna is on 3rd Oct 1866, not 12!
(Venetia was ceded to France by Austria on 5th July, as mentioned in the Treaty).
Then, 19 Oct, France cedes Venetia to three representatives of the Venetians.
21-22 Oct the referendum on annexation (required by the treaty) is celebrated, but with Italian troops illegitimately present in Venetia.
4 Nov as correctly said Venetia becomes part of Italy.
Thus Venetia was formally independent from 19th Oct to 4th Nov 1866.
I wonder if Two Sicilies repelled expedition of thousand and still existed to this day... 🤔
Impossible. Their garrisons were lead by continental officer who:
1) were way too damn old to do their job (the younger was 60)
2) didn't know the territory they were supposed to defend.
Garibaldi took Sicily most of all because the bourbon soldiers got lost 😂
I like how Austria kept ceding lands to France and just be "nuh uh" to Italy.
FUN FACT: In 1848 Mazzini led a revolution in Rome and proclaimed the Roman Republic which a few months later was repressed by the French. According to Garibaldi Mazzini failed because he did not proclaim himself Dictator of Rome. So in 1860 when Garibaldi landed in Sicily the first thing he did was to proclaim himself Dictator of Sicily.
Bruh i am literally making a school project about this, this is perfect timing
Fun Fact: Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the rebels in the Farroupilha revolution (war of independence of Rio Grande do Sul against the Empire of Brazil) and was appointed captain lieutenant, commander of the Farroupilha navy, participating in the conflict until he was dismissed in 1841 and went to live in Uruguay.
he also freed every slaved found on captured Brazilian ship.
One of them was so grateful he joined his ranks and died during the defence of Rome in 1849 (and Garibaldi was DEVASTATED by his loss)
Dear Empereor Tigerstar, he forgot the 1st indipendence war of 1848-1849
I didn't forget, but rather that war did not result in the unification of Italy so I did not include it.
@EmperorTigerstar ok, but in future you want make a video about that war?
A plebiscite in my room votes to put a comment to favour the algorithm forces and cedes a like to this banger of a video
Majestic
needed this video to explain why italy has three small countries inside it
It's 2
@@Ləonardo08 ok but i think story of monaco, san marino, church, all three would be connected to this
@@DarshanShindeGD idk about monaco, san marino existed since 300 ad and during the Italian unification san marino granted security to the Italian unificator Garibaldi so It still exist, Vatican was created by Italy in 1929 to have a pace with the pope
@@DarshanShindeGD we asked to be left alone and actually gave some help
we were listened
@@Ləonardo08 Monaco was inside of sardinia piedmont before being given to italy, so if italy managed to keep nice they'd have 3 countries inside of them
great video i hope you do a historical video about germany from the early history to modern days... including much of details of all of kingdom of franks holy roman empire prussia austria and german empire and nazi germany......... same think for tunisia before and after carthage to islamic erra and reach modern days... thanks alot for this amazing content u make
i remember the old version of this video
Same
But it also have Germany
@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc true
Essendo un italiano posso dire che questo video mi è servito per ripetere garibaldi e la spedizione dei mille
I sware you uploaded this before
I love how it sounds at first that it’s a proxy war between the two big Italian islands over the whole peninsula lmfao
Why were territories ceded to France, instead of Sardinia/Italy? Was it by a force of a treaty?
It was more of a way of saying, “Hey, man, I don’t want to hand over these lands to a state less powerful than me.”
@@dieletztekavallerie395 skill issue lol
It's cool how much plebiscites were used in integrating new regions! We need more of that, honestly. I'd be interested in a genuine, independent, free and fair plebiscite in the Donbas and Crimea, for example.
One question, what's that area at 6:44 in modern day Algeria directly controlled by France?
bump
France
@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc Thanks mate
i didnt really like how choppy this video was? usually i like to just sit back and watch the changes happen, not watch cuts from phase to phase with other states appearing and disappearing
San-Marino during the whole period: 🗿🍿
I read Sardinia "Indonesië "
Parma didn't technically have an Habsburg government.
Ah, a united Italy... except for That One Hill (tm)... and also That Other Hill (tm)
Who else is waiting for Syria?
Same
Every plebiscite went the way of the most powerful force which desired the territory.
What are the odds?
I will just say people were barred from changing their vote AGAINST unification (some pool illiterate thlught a NO was against the bourbons dynasty instead of against joining Italy) because the vote was sacred.
The general sentiment was pro-unification, no matter what southern revanchist pseudohistorians want to sell you.
What happened in those Habsburg states in the beginning, so that they all got their governments overthrown?? Who overthrew them and how?
the people
Who overthrew the Habsburgs... poor peasants and city workers. The Habsburgs were snobbish nobles who "had a disgust for the poor"... the population came to the conclusion that the Savoys would be better monarchs.
Jews
Crazy that Italy owned land in Africa before owning Rome.
Italy just wanted to get to the Isonzo River for ...reasons. 😉
3:05 Thumbnail
Funny how this happens right during the American Civil War as well... Such a messy time period.
The whole 19th centure is more chaotic than people think. Napoleon, 1848 revolutions, multiple wars leading to unification of Germany and italy, franco prussian war, etc
Dopo 163 anni dalla riconquista di Roma, qui in Italia ci sono ancora battibecchi su "come sarebbe dovuta andare".
In particolare la gente del Sud lamenta la perdita della loro "indipendenza", anche se il Regno di Napoli non era esattamente quell'esempio di virtù che tutti ci aspetteremmo dagli antichi nobili napoletani. Perché un tempo lo erano, nobili. Lo si poteva intuire facilmente. Dal loro portamento più che dalle loro vesti. Dal loro linguaggio arguto più che dal contenuto dei loro discorsi. E via discorrendo.
Eppure le cose sono cambiate. Il napoletano di oggi non è più ol nobile d'un tempo.
Qui nel Nord, in particolare, qui in Friuli, abbiamo dovuto attendere per liberarci della tirannia austriaca.
Abbiamo sofferto due gierre mondiali e prima di ciò le invasioni di barbari e regni stranieri per secoli. Ed il nostro impegno quotidiano era quello di sopravvivere a tutto ciò e tentare di ricostruire quel poco che avevamo e che puntualmente gli stranieri ci portavano via. Costatoci il sudore della nostra fronte ed il sangue della nostra gente.
A Napoli si vantavano di fare la "Bella Vita", così come si vantano tutt'ora. Vale a dire che se quanto favoleggiano è vero, se è vero che sotto i Borboni si stava bene, allora loro non hanno mai dovuto soffrire alcuna oppressione, alcuna invasione, alcuna tirannia.
E nonostante il loro presunto "potere", non hanno mai tentato di liberare il resto degli Italiani dal giogo straniero.
Di certo non possiamo pretendere che proprio gli stranieri empatizzassero per noi Italiani... Ma gli Italiani si per Dio. Eccome se potevano. E dovevano, se ne avevano i mezzi.
Dunque lasciate pure che critichino i Savoia tanto quanto vogliono.
Almeno loro hanno fatto ciò che andava fatto per fare del nostro paese, delle nostre genti, una Nazione libera da tirannie e regimi oppressivi.
L'Italia agli Italiani. E chiunque non si senta tale, sia il loro turno per soffrire ora.
La gente dimentica che tantissimi intellettuali e patrioti napoletani hanno perso la vita per liberare il regno dalla tirannia borbonica persino decenni prima che l'Italia venisse riunificata. Gli eventi della - purtroppo - breve Repubblica di Napoli dovrebbero essere un monito per tutti quelli che si professano neoborbonici
And only took 1300 years to unifie Italy
Let’s go! It’s finally out…