Passing Pathophysiology: Potassium

Potassium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate nerve signals, fluid balance, and muscle function. Abnormally high or low potassium levels can cause serious health problems. Low potassium (hypokalemia) can result from inadequate dietary intake, vomiting, diarrhea, kidney disorders, or certain medications. Symptoms include muscle cramps, fatigue, and abnormal heart rhythms. High potassium (hyperkalemia) can be caused by renal failure, certain drugs, or tissue injury. It can lead to numbness, irregular heartbeat, or even heart attack. Checking potassium levels through blood tests is important, especially for those at risk. Maintaining normal levels through proper diet and supplements when needed helps prevent complications from abnormal potassium.