Chuck is awesome! Every time I watch Star Talk and I have a question about something Chuck literally asks that question to Neil as if he is reading my mind. These two are great together.
Families make life altering sacrifices and their loved one makes the ultimate sacrifice. They deserve answers. This is using technology to do good, how refreshing.
The way Dr. Tim McMahon was so easily able to explain such advanced concepts in such simple terms REALLY shows you how deeply he understands what is happening in his department. I'm Canadian, but I'm glad that such a competent man is in such an important position, recovering the identities of fallen and missing soldiers!!
This is one aspect of the military that definitely deserves a place in the sun. You cannot price the sense of closure their work brings to thousands of families. The govt's "no man left behind or forgotten" is such a noble endeavor.
All due respect to your other comedic co-hosts but if it ain't Chuck, I don't want it 😂. Just to give my two cents, I'm an active duty army officer in the field of logistics (which encompasses mortuary affairs operations) and I had never heard of this until watching this episode. So, I do think it is safe to say that many people have not heard of it and kudos to y'all for shedding light on it. What an excellent mission!
My daughter is a contractor for the DoD, working in Hawaii for the DPAA, identifying the remains of WWII soldiers in the pacific. She takes her job very seriously and she tries to attend the funerals of those she identifies, especially if there are no family.
That's actually really amazing. What a heartwarming thought to know that someone worked so diligently, so many years later, to identify your remains after giving your life for country. To then attend your funeral and give thanks for your sacrifice, long after those who knew you have passed. /heartstrings
Interesting, my family was contacted in Canada by the US army last fall. They traced us as next of kin for a US army soldier, turned out he is relation. My father provided dna to help identify his remains from a mass grave in the Phillipines from WW2. Cool to learn the Identification process. Thank you for the awesome insight!!
They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
I was also contacted and told I was related to one of the president's 😅 got a hold of my great grandfather's records and he has records from when things were handwritten generations past of brothers, sisters, aunts and uncles going all the way back TO the president that that email years ago had said! My parents and I are Canadian born and raised so that was cool to find out!
Just in case it wasn't clear. The bodies of the sailors on USS Arizona were left in place because the ship was sunk and remains were it was on Dec 7th. USS Oklahoma was also sunk in the attack, but was later patched up and re-floated. Obviously the bodies would have to be removed if the ship was to be repaired and put back into service. In the end, she sank as she was being towed to the west coast when a temporary repair failed and she foundered.
There was an article in the print issue of the WSJ (Wknd Edition May 21/22) that focused on this topic. How forensics was able to ID a serial killer in the late '80s in Oregon via distant cousins. Using a unit of measurement called the centiMorgan (CM) invented by T.H.Morgan who won the Nobel based on his studies in 1933. Article goes about saying that your genetic code is really not that private because you share enough genetic code even out to your 5th cousins (20-85 CMs) where they can still identify you and confirm you are in the same family tree. Each person typically has 6800 CMs and you share 3400 CMs from each of your parents. So basically it gets halved as you move up the tree. However, since each person can have anywhere from 5000-15,000 fifth cousins, upwards of 1000 4th cousins and around 200 3rd cousins, testing can be done on a rather large population of seemingly random people. But they'll share enough identical DNA that a common ancestor is the only possible source. In this case, a 5th cousin and you would share the same set of great-great-great grandparents (who would have 200-340 of the same centiMorgans as you. Cool article and very timely for this episode!!
Since all DNA shows haplotypes which are essentially nested hierarchies beginning with all Human shared Ydna or MtDna than one can keep further deducing haplotypes to a more specific line, really each individual has they're own specific haplotype, and a family haplotype, and more and more extended, this is partially die to Founders Effect. So most western European males are R1B, which is a subset of R1 and R, which is related to Q of some Asians and Native Americans. L21 is predominant in western Europe and especially in Ireland, England, Wales, Scotland, Brittany and areas correlating to "Atlantic Celts" and is more than likely from the Bell Beaker Culture, L21 is a major haplotype of R1B. But ALL human Ydna goes back to haplogroups of origin in Africa such as Yadam, L1085, P305, P108, etc as a nested hierarchy. So if you have a gap of an unknown person but you can find a higher haplogroup you hypothetically could generate random sequences based on that and one of the codes will be more simmilar to that individuals. They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
I've seen plenty of amazing episodes of Star Talk but at the end of this episode I found myself clapping in appreciation of having been given access to knowing this field of work exists and the ppl behind it who are advancing it's cause. Absolutely beautiful!!
Thank you for sharing this episode gentlemen. It is so comforting to know that we are putting so much effort into bringing those lost in conflict and unknown then back to their kin.
My mind is blown.Also, Dr Tim Mcmohan's explanations are just sooo coool.I am a biotechnology student and I feel as if all that I learnt is being applied here and it all makes so much sense now! Amazing what humans can do with our knowledge base!!!
Every one who thinks war is the answer to conflict or considers fallen soldiers disposable should listen to this revealing episode. I loveStar Talk but this episode may be the best. Thank you NDT and CN!
Thank you StarTalk for presenting your guests biomedical scientist Tim McMahon and forensic anthropologist Franklin Damann. The discussion of their methods to help identify POW/MIA soldiers was fascinating! Both men possessed the ability to simplify complex procedures and concepts.
Wow, I hadn't thought of the challenges 😳. The creativity of those who found new ways go accomplish this is brilliant and fascinating. That it also helps the living is even better.
I've always loved looking up.. your hosting of Cosmos was my introduction to you Dr. Tyson...you make science so INTERESTING! I listen to ALL eps of Star Talk.. and listened to you read Astrophysics For People In A Hurry.. your mind is just amazing.. Keep up the great work! Chuck is awesome too..he's always asking great questions!!
16:19 Actually a 7/16” and an 11mm are so close (7/16” = 11.1125mm) you can get a real snug fit on a 7/16 bolt with an 11mm socket, but yeah there is a greater risk to round out a 11mm bolt with a 7/16 socket. A 10mm socket will never fit on a 7/16” bolt. He meant to say 3/8” bolt and 10mm socket.
19:20 The hard drive is unable to tell the computer what to do without BIOS first telling the hard drive what to do. I wonder what the human body's BIOS would be?
Chuck, why did you question being the co-host for this show? You are an intelligent man and ask intelligent questions, that is why you got that email. You shouldn't doubt yourself.
They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
Astonished ro see how science helps to identify unknown soldiers. But what with those who died during WW1? At least 21 unk own Zmercan soldiers are buried in Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial, another 43 are mentionned on the wall in the chapel of that cemetary. Every now and than, farmers in that area find remains, artifacts of those American soldiers, evertime we try to identify the owner and if possible their family. But nothing mentioned during this interview. 🤔
I don't know if this is in the comments yet, but speaking of forensics and soldiers. Paul Revere made the earliest dental ID. He made dentures, and was able to identify an unknown soldier's body because he recognized the guy's dentures.
There are about fifteen hundred official Vietnamese MIA, and, obviously, the Department Of Defense is interested in getting a final resolution for those families. For those American families that is... for tens of thousands of Vietnamese American children, they still have no resolution to where their fathers might be. The Department of Defense seems less interested in finding answers for them - after all, fertilizing the native population has always been one of the perks of the military.
I think when he said Hard-drive he meant CPU or maybe he meant Binary. I'm not exactly sure because the binary is the instruction and the CPU interprets and tells all other devices to do with that Binary. The hard drive is just where the products of this process is stored until it is needed again
The use of genetics to formulate personalized drug therapies has to do with liver metabolism. It’s called pharmacogenomics. Many drugs are metabolized in our liver by certain enzymes and these enzymes have varying metabolizing ability amongst individuals based in genetics. Varying from ultra rapid to poor metabolizers. The alleles for these enzymes have polymorphisms detail how well an individual can metabolize a specific drug, thus altering dosages for recommended metabolizers.
My Brother worked at Scofield Barracks a quarter century ago. Lived in Pearl Harbor Dorms with the bullet holes on the facade, too. Hopefully before remains we're stored there.
12:14 Neil shows respect, I'm sure he doesn't condone drugs but I think it's superfly how he gives drug dealers kudos for their intelligence of math. That in mind its the capacity to use math; but, on that note ain't it a shame how those skills are being used. Just sayin', for you Neil.
Wait until this department gets something like - and, to be clear, I know JUST enough to know that I don't really know what I'm talking about - Neural Networks or Machine Learning type things. You know, once they get a sophisticated enough computer program that IT can more effectively pour through the crazy range of data points and come up with effective suggestions than a human, giving these GENIUS anthropologists more effective targeting abilities
Two veterans organizations I belong to have reported on two local WW II internment's that are the direct result of this organization efforts. One was a crewman of a bomber lost in the Ploesti Oil Field bombing raid in Romainia and one was a sailor from the Oklahoma. Both burials were to be done locally. Due to COVID I did not attend.
This is a field I would love to study in college but don't know how to get started if anyone knows anything please let me know if I even need college or just on the job training??..
😂 yup. Even soldiers know that. When I transferred to the Army from Marines they would say things like "hey troop" from a distance and I always got yelled at because I didn't respond because I wasn't conditioned to being called troop 😂
No other comedic co-host asks such related and awesome questions that we are all thinking. This is why Chuck is the best!!!
Definitely, Chuck is all of us.
And all the completely off the rails comments none of us thought of😂😂 I agree, Chuck is awesome
And yet he isn't mentioned in the title, as if he's not part of the conversation. Shame :/
@@Romulusmap you’re right 😔
Chuck is awesome! Every time I watch Star Talk and I have a question about something Chuck literally asks that question to Neil as if he is reading my mind. These two are great together.
Families make life altering sacrifices and their loved one makes the ultimate sacrifice. They deserve answers. This is using technology to do good, how refreshing.
The way Dr. Tim McMahon was so easily able to explain such advanced concepts in such simple terms REALLY shows you how deeply he understands what is happening in his department. I'm Canadian, but I'm glad that such a competent man is in such an important position, recovering the identities of fallen and missing soldiers!!
Hate to be ageist/glib, but I hope he's got a protege he's working on/with!! Haha
This is one aspect of the military that definitely deserves a place in the sun. You cannot price the sense of closure their work brings to thousands of families. The govt's "no man left behind or forgotten" is such a noble endeavor.
All due respect to your other comedic co-hosts but if it ain't Chuck, I don't want it 😂. Just to give my two cents, I'm an active duty army officer in the field of logistics (which encompasses mortuary affairs operations) and I had never heard of this until watching this episode. So, I do think it is safe to say that many people have not heard of it and kudos to y'all for shedding light on it. What an excellent mission!
it’s a comfort to know there are people like your guests that are doing this work for our fallen veterans
The editor is upping their game. We a get a little preview in the beginning now
My daughter is a contractor for the DoD, working in Hawaii for the DPAA, identifying the remains of WWII soldiers in the pacific. She takes her job very seriously and she tries to attend the funerals of those she identifies, especially if there are no family.
As a Veteran I give your daughter a heartwarming Hand Salute for her work and actions.
@@webbtrekker534 same! Bravo Zulu 👋👋👋👋👋👋👋👋👋👋👋
That's actually really amazing. What a heartwarming thought to know that someone worked so diligently, so many years later, to identify your remains after giving your life for country. To then attend your funeral and give thanks for your sacrifice, long after those who knew you have passed. /heartstrings
That is amazing.
Interesting, my family was contacted in Canada by the US army last fall. They traced us as next of kin for a US army soldier, turned out he is relation. My father provided dna to help identify his remains from a mass grave in the Phillipines from WW2. Cool to learn the Identification process. Thank you for the awesome insight!!
They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth
ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
I was also contacted and told I was related to one of the president's 😅 got a hold of my great grandfather's records and he has records from when things were handwritten generations past of brothers, sisters, aunts and uncles going all the way back TO the president that that email years ago had said! My parents and I are Canadian born and raised so that was cool to find out!
Incredible! A new piece of family history. Thanks for sharing your story!
@@RyanDavis-nr2gl Wow!!! Which President?
That’s beautiful!
"Yeah, I've been trying to go white my whole life." Chuck killed me with that one!
Just in case it wasn't clear. The bodies of the sailors on USS Arizona were left in place because the ship was sunk and remains were it was on Dec 7th. USS Oklahoma was also sunk in the attack, but was later patched up and re-floated. Obviously the bodies would have to be removed if the ship was to be repaired and put back into service. In the end, she sank as she was being towed to the west coast when a temporary repair failed and she foundered.
There was an article in the print issue of the WSJ (Wknd Edition May 21/22) that focused on this topic. How forensics was able to ID a serial killer in the late '80s in Oregon via distant cousins. Using a unit of measurement called the centiMorgan (CM) invented by T.H.Morgan who won the Nobel based on his studies in 1933. Article goes about saying that your genetic code is really not that private because you share enough genetic code even out to your 5th cousins (20-85 CMs) where they can still identify you and confirm you are in the same family tree. Each person typically has 6800 CMs and you share 3400 CMs from each of your parents. So basically it gets halved as you move up the tree. However, since each person can have anywhere from 5000-15,000 fifth cousins, upwards of 1000 4th cousins and around 200 3rd cousins, testing can be done on a rather large population of seemingly random people. But they'll share enough identical DNA that a common ancestor is the only possible source. In this case, a 5th cousin and you would share the same set of great-great-great grandparents (who would have 200-340 of the same centiMorgans as you. Cool article and very timely for this episode!!
Since all DNA shows haplotypes which are essentially nested hierarchies beginning with all Human shared Ydna or MtDna than one can keep further deducing haplotypes to a more specific line, really each individual has they're own specific haplotype, and a family haplotype, and more and more extended, this is partially die to Founders Effect. So most western European males are R1B, which is a subset of R1 and R, which is related to Q of some Asians and Native Americans. L21 is predominant in western Europe and especially in Ireland, England, Wales, Scotland, Brittany and areas correlating to "Atlantic Celts" and is more than likely from the Bell Beaker Culture, L21 is a major haplotype of R1B. But ALL human Ydna goes back to haplogroups of origin in Africa such as Yadam, L1085, P305, P108, etc as a nested hierarchy. So if you have a gap of an unknown person but you can find a higher haplogroup you hypothetically could generate random sequences based on that and one of the codes will be more simmilar to that individuals.
They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth
ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
Thanks for sharing!
I think that killer was arrested in Maine which is where i’m from
Tim Mcmahon must be a teacher. He ELI5 after everything he says. I love it.
I know! He really nailed the explanations for the types of DNA.
Blimey I had to Google ELI5.
It Explained Like I'm 5. 🤦
I've never been so interested and so confused at the same time, love it
Me too lol
I've seen plenty of amazing episodes of Star Talk but at the end of this episode I found myself clapping in appreciation of having been given access to knowing this field of work exists and the ppl behind it who are advancing it's cause. Absolutely beautiful!!
Thank you for sharing this episode gentlemen. It is so comforting to know that we are putting so much effort into bringing those lost in conflict and unknown then back to their kin.
My mind is blown.Also, Dr Tim Mcmohan's explanations are just sooo coool.I am a biotechnology student and I feel as if all that I learnt is being applied here and it all makes so much sense now! Amazing what humans can do with our knowledge base!!!
EXCELENT PODCAST THEME!!👍👍
Every one who thinks war is the answer to conflict or considers fallen soldiers disposable should listen to this revealing episode. I loveStar Talk but this episode may be the best. Thank you NDT and CN!
GOOD JOB NEIL YOU ARE TURNING A GREAT COMEDIAN INTO A SCIENCE GUY
There are bodies on Everest that no one gave thoughts to as well
Thank you StarTalk for presenting your guests biomedical scientist Tim McMahon and forensic anthropologist Franklin Damann. The discussion of their methods to help identify POW/MIA soldiers was fascinating! Both men possessed the ability to simplify complex procedures and concepts.
I love the progression of Startalk over the years!
We’re just getting started!
Wow, I hadn't thought of the challenges 😳. The creativity of those who found new ways go accomplish this is brilliant and fascinating. That it also helps the living is even better.
Our scouts just placed flags at a local cemetery. This included a plot where hundreds of GAR troops were laid to rest.
I agree with Neil, a TV show would be amazing.
Always thank a veteran 🇺🇸👍
This guy is great with the analogies that explain what he does!
I've always loved looking up.. your hosting of Cosmos was my introduction to you Dr. Tyson...you make science so INTERESTING! I listen to ALL eps of Star Talk.. and listened to you read Astrophysics For People In A Hurry.. your mind is just amazing.. Keep up the great work! Chuck is awesome too..he's always asking great questions!!
What a rewarding field that must be to work in.
Salute to the unknown soldier.
We need a Neil deGrasse Tyson for all sections of science especially on social media and RUclips and stuff
We also need a Chuck Nice for each one too because he's definitely smart and funny
16:19 Actually a 7/16” and an 11mm are so close (7/16” = 11.1125mm) you can get a real snug fit on a 7/16 bolt with an 11mm socket, but yeah there is a greater risk to round out a 11mm bolt with a 7/16 socket. A 10mm socket will never fit on a 7/16” bolt. He meant to say 3/8” bolt and 10mm socket.
Where can I find audible lectures and discussions without money?
I love this show. Thanks yall
19:20
The hard drive is unable to tell the computer what to do without BIOS first telling the hard drive what to do.
I wonder what the human body's BIOS would be?
I love Neil's Lego Space Shuttle in the background! LOL
Tyson... the Barry White of science.
That... voice 👍
ha! 2 points to gryfindor. He's definitely always had smooth jazz radio host vibes.
@@IAMNIVERSE Totally.
Cool theory about the finding the silver dollar ...
Chuck, why did you question being the co-host for this show? You are an intelligent man and ask intelligent questions, that is why you got that email. You shouldn't doubt yourself.
Another great informative Startalk episode!
Comedy + Science = Good
the cold case task force are some of the best on the planet and using dna is awesome science.
They things we can discover with isotopes is amazing, way cooler than geneological DNA, it's how they found The Isdell Woman was born in southern Germany from strontium isotopes in her teeth
ruclips.net/p/PLgRoK-eyLjol5-Mz2Yh_ffkCU50RHJ68t
Any ETA on when we're gonna get back face-to-face shows?
a family member was on USS Oklahoma and is part of process of identification
The DPAA guy 100% is using his profession looking for alien origins. Did you catch that question he asked Neil?
Astonished ro see how science helps to identify unknown soldiers. But what with those who died during WW1? At least 21 unk own Zmercan soldiers are buried in Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial, another 43 are mentionned on the wall in the chapel of that cemetary. Every now and than, farmers in that area find remains, artifacts of those American soldiers, evertime we try to identify the owner and if possible their family. But nothing mentioned during this interview. 🤔
I don't know if this is in the comments yet, but speaking of forensics and soldiers. Paul Revere made the earliest dental ID. He made dentures, and was able to identify an unknown soldier's body because he recognized the guy's dentures.
This was a fantastic educational experience for me. Thank you!
So glad you enjoyed it! :)
Hi Guys!! Awesome show!!
Hi Andrea! Thank you!!
Don't stop that show , I gonna give you three headphones
This is fascinating, and families must be so touched.
There are about fifteen hundred official Vietnamese MIA, and, obviously, the Department Of Defense is interested in getting a final resolution for those families.
For those American families that is... for tens of thousands of Vietnamese American children, they still have no resolution to where their fathers might be.
The Department of Defense seems less interested in finding answers for them - after all, fertilizing the native population has always been one of the perks of the military.
Just finished watching your conversation with First guest good as always :)
this is one the most interesting shows i have ever seen!
This was a information powerhouse
this brought tears and laughter to tears...nuff said🙏🙏🙏
I think when he said Hard-drive he meant CPU or maybe he meant Binary. I'm not exactly sure because the binary is the instruction and the CPU interprets and tells all other devices to do with that Binary. The hard drive is just where the products of this process is stored until it is needed again
I'd love to hear Neil sing some Barry White!
The use of genetics to formulate personalized drug therapies has to do with liver metabolism. It’s called pharmacogenomics. Many drugs are metabolized in our liver by certain enzymes and these enzymes have varying metabolizing ability amongst individuals based in genetics. Varying from ultra rapid to poor metabolizers. The alleles for these enzymes have polymorphisms detail how well an individual can metabolize a specific drug, thus altering dosages for recommended metabolizers.
they say destruction breeds creation but so does most things
How fascinating; must be such a rewarding experience.
Fascinating !
What a great episode! Well done Star Talk!💚🖖
It all came together in the end bro
My Brother worked at Scofield Barracks a quarter century ago. Lived in Pearl Harbor Dorms with the bullet holes on the facade, too. Hopefully before remains we're stored there.
Science guys talking cars, is like car guys talking science 🤣
A silver dollar is a silver dollar
12:14 Neil shows respect, I'm sure he doesn't condone drugs but I think it's superfly how he gives drug dealers kudos for their intelligence of math. That in mind its the capacity to use math; but, on that note ain't it a shame how those skills are being used. Just sayin', for you Neil.
Good info
Wait until this department gets something like - and, to be clear, I know JUST enough to know that I don't really know what I'm talking about - Neural Networks or Machine Learning type things.
You know, once they get a sophisticated enough computer program that IT can more effectively pour through the crazy range of data points and come up with effective suggestions than a human, giving these GENIUS anthropologists more effective targeting abilities
Two veterans organizations I belong to have reported on two local WW II internment's that are the direct result of this organization efforts. One was a crewman of a bomber lost in the Ploesti Oil Field bombing raid in Romainia and one was a sailor from the Oklahoma. Both burials were to be done locally. Due to COVID I did not attend.
This is a field I would love to study in college but don't know how to get started if anyone knows anything please let me know if I even need college or just on the job training??..
This is awesome!
Plus, it's glowing!
This reminded me of that Johnny Bravo episode
Ps.. please refer to Sailors as such. We're not Soldiers! Neither are Marines.
😂 yup. Even soldiers know that.
When I transferred to the Army from Marines they would say things like "hey troop" from a distance and I always got yelled at because I didn't respond because I wasn't conditioned to being called troop 😂
I'm a salty sailor...
I just searched for Chuck night comic on Twitter and got zero returns.
I still use imperial and metric tools
Neil, good job with creating great videos and uploading them quickly.
Facts
Glad you enjoy them. More on the way!
I wanna do government science so I can apply physics right upside the publics head
I thought the channel deals with issues related to astronomy.
Okay
Is gold plated superconductivity,Dr Tyson what do you by super conductivity.
I wonder if Citizen Science could be a useful resource for identification
Saving Private Ryan's DNA?
Good one!
Is Tim Jay Lenos brother? 🤔
Great topic! *Chuck* too funny!
I love the show God bless you all 💖
Let the guest talk!
Hace falta subtítulos
One day a hope your job is not need but untell that day keep doing your amazing work.
"Curious. Very curious."
Y’all Left 100k’s of men behind! :)
Don't tell any of the anti-vaxxers about that"DNA-magnetizer-stuff"!🤣
😶😐☺😁😃🤣🤣
Is that Ed McMahons bro?🤔
Great... But à little slow.
Thanks
neil nebraska'd someone so hard he broke their collarbone
Encino Man would like a word.