What the CRISPR Embryo Editing Study Really Taught Us
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 10 авг 2017
- What did the recent study using the CRISPR gene editing technique actually entail, and what did we learn from it?
Hosted by: Hank Green
----------
Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: / scishow
----------
Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Kevin Bealer, Mark Terrio-Cameron, KatieMarie Magnone, Patrick Merrithew, D.A. Noe, Charles Southerland, Fatima Iqbal, Sultan Alkhulaifi, Nicholas Smith, Tim Curwick, Alexander Wadsworth, Scott Satovsky Jr, Philippe von Bergen, Bella Nash, Chris Peters, Patrick D. Ashmore, Piya Shedden, Charles George
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: / scishow
Twitter: / scishow
Tumblr: / scishow
Instagram: / thescishow
----------
Sources:
www.nature.com/nature/journal...
www.nature.com/nature/journal...
www.nature.com/news/crispr-fix...
www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/sh...
www.wired.com/story/first-us-...
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-co...
www.nature.com/news/first-cris...
www.newscientist.com/article/...
www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditi...
Images:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cr...
![100 Days - [Minecraft Creative 2]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/OmogWsk_ZZg/mqdefault.jpg)
Forget designer babies. Can we use this on potatoes? I want my potato chips to be CRISPR.
Master Therion good one mate
Master Therion 🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅🍅
You could get better puns if you took your time and stopped trying to russet
This thread hurts my soul
Master Therion 😂😂
My sister died exactly 18 years ago from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. I don't want that gene continued to be passed on, and am not sure which side it was inherited from, not knowing whether my surviving sister or I have passed it on. I also have a friend who was diagnosed with it, but has survived into adulthood and has two daughters, who hopefully don't have it. I'm more than ready and willing to modify my genes to not pass on any bad genes.
Crispr will have soooooo many applications. Gonna be revolutionary!
Forget designer babies, give me bioluminescence!
Jeff Vader 👍
And photosynthetic hair (using Chloroplasts and Chlorophyll, which is green, because it contains Chlorin, which is green).
oohh. That'll be cool... unless you're trying to hide from someone
I meant to say Chlorin, but autocorrect changed it.
I am thinking of bioluminescent plants.....Think about an enclosed forest with glowing trees much like Pandora from Avatar....
I'm so damn excited, my girlfriend has Cystic Fibrosis and the advances Gene science is making are amazing, they're giving us so much more of a plausible future
It will take time to make it possible for fully developed organisms, it could even be that this will never be possible. But at least CF treatment by medication is also getting better.
If you do not have CF then you do not have to worry about your children developing it, however they can become Carriers. "Luckily" only a single gene is affected, so it is rather "easy" to edit it and to make sure that your children won't be carriers and risk your grandchildren to develop the disease.
Joe Watson Thank the weaklings that shudder at the thought of humanity using technology in any way to progress for slowing research down THOUSAND times.
I'm a microbio major at auburn we've been learning about this system for a while. Very cool to see it finally getting the attention it deserves
kenny Doherty omg dude, same!!!! Microbiology major from Cal State Long Beach
That's an interesting finding about the tech. Thanks, SciShow!
Thank you for this video, was looking for one that explained how the technology was used in HCM and you explained it very well
1:40 and ol' Grinch was diagnosed with a severe case of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy that day.
Your shirt looks like my avatar
Pix3M lol.
That is a really interesting turnout! Loved the video, and Hank... You are a legend, man.
No kiding forget bill nye
Awesome thanks Hank and the team.
An excellent segment! Thank you!
Thanks for the fantastic video!
Dude, I love this guy's breakdown. I also love his crash course philosophy. CRISPR is a pretty exciting, if pretty new research.
Crispr is part of the answer but people on top of the food chain will put an absurd price tag on this.
You heard it boys. Let's scrap it then.
ForzaNewbie then go to school and learn it for yourself/ or buy a book on the subject and get into Diy Biology, if there's a will there's a way
ForzaNewbie then go to school and learn it for yourself/ or buy a book on the subject and get into Diy Biology, if there's a will there's a way
He makes a valid point though, and it's a pretty hotly debated concern about these things. The concern goes that since capitalists will be the distributors of these services, they will charge large sums because who can put a price on a perfect child? This in turn creates a biological divide in mankind created the economic class lines. Those who have means will become genetically superior to those who do not, and that could very well lead to a whole host of problems. So the question becomes, how do we avoid that from happening, without wholly abandoning the technology and all its promise? Nobody has really come up with a solution, which is only one of the many problems both logistically and ethically that surround CRISPR.
Note: I'm not in any way against this technology, I'm simply expressing that ForzaNewbie's comment does merit some discussion.
I don't see it becoming a thing anytime soon. The ethics problem is still an issue and I mean, it'll likely get cheaper as time goes on (lol not in America).
Thanks for sharing!!!
Great episode my dude
I want my baby to be crispy
No wait..
Nah, you gotta get them cooked rare that way its super tender. Some say its as soft as a babies bottom
Genetic engineering is what we'll need to make perfect humans to colonise other planets.
The idiots will kill all the smart people before that happens. Hopefully at least robots will take over and seed the universe (the planets without life) with life
Every time you say CRISPR-cas9 I CANNOT not think of Acappellascience's song about it. It's so good and catchy...
I'm actually excited about designer babies and I hope society realizes how much of an advantage it could be to our future offspring.
have you seen GATACA? I think it explores this really well
I'm a simple man. I see CRISPR, I press like.
Finally a proper reporting on this. I can't explain to anyone on how this is not even close to being close to designing babies.
F'in click baits.
We've been upgrading our tools but neglected to upgrade ourselves. It's time and past time to get up to spec.
I hope this works out in the end, so that we can finally turn our retinas into the right direction.
jeez.... I really wanted to grow those wings
Yeah but you probably won't be able to fly with them, because physics.
that's why wings suck
J C Lovera well this was just for embryos it might work for people who knows
Great, now I have @acapellascience's song stuck in my head again.
wish I was born when crispr was commercially introduced and I was edited to be best at almost everything :/
CRISPr is a huge deal for the future of lettuce
In fact yes, maybe one day it will come with flavor.
bacon. flavored. lettuce.
It will lettuce change the flavor? I'm in!
Party Bot let us, lettus.
Party Bot YES
I saw an add with Hank Green in it (Eons) and thought it wasn't an ad at first because I of his voice lol
Aw.. I was looking forward to the wonders of designer babies in our future >_
Cool!
Does anyone else every load up 17 different Hank Green videos and play them all at the same time while covering yourself in barbecue sauce and dancing the macarena?
It didn't "resist change" so much as it used the egg as the template. The process still changed the genotype of the zygote from what it would have been if left alone. If it has a preference for using egg DNA then it would also make it harder to remove mutations on the maternal side. Or perhaps it simply has a preference for templates that have more DNA surrounding them instead of a minimalist template. Maybe it will just prefer whatever is the longer allele...
The eclipse isn't next monday. It's on August 21.
Hopefully eventually we can use this kind of technology to counteract the absolute slaughtering we have given natural selection.
Do R/C! bump!!!!!!!
It's like trying to doodle with an overly complicated machine made by aliens.. and the alien here is mother nature. There's still so much that needs to be learned, even if now we have the toolbox needed to examine that alien machine.
Hey, can you talk about the Parkinson's study that was in Nature in June? I read through it, but don't understand what it means for our understanding of the disease. Love.
Hopefully we can cure Aids with this. Or cancer.
Hiv possibly but cancer cant be cured by this
Jorge Gaming I hope it will help earth against the single most devastating invasive species to have ever lived on this planet (humans).
zombie blood it can
zombie blood sry that I can't explain more accurate, but I'm German and not that good in English yet. Maybe I'm also just too lazy to translate. Just a keyword ( b memory cells )
Cancer's too big of a subject to be cured collectivley. However, there are already some drugs that can cure certain types of cancer, such as I think Gleevec and Herceptin. So CRISPR definitely can be a faster pathway to finding cures for some of these cancers.
The real sad thing is the video I viewed before this was from Bratayley :( their son died of cardiomyopathy
I memorized what CRISPR stands for *Clustered Regularly Interspace Short Palindromic Repeats* . I have yet to memorize cas-9
might want to fix all that noise coming from hank's mic
as someone who has a gene that can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy i can only at this to spare my 'possible' children the chance to live without the fear that your heart will deteriorate and cripple and or kill me.
These breakthroughs in medicine are total game-changers. If you're curious and like learning, come join a live chat with scientists on the future of health and progress in rejuvenation biotechnology: discord.gg/ftSbffu
Thanks!
my pikachu is super effective against your pidgey
ok...
this stuff always reminds me of the movie GATACCA
please explain magnetic shielding
Scishow on trending!!!
Still I'm not convinced yet that Gattaca is the future...
Does anyone else "hear" the high pitched tone in the video? It's like a constant pressure in my ears
Yeah, bit of interference in the background.
I think there should be more funding to CRISPR so we can decrease (if not eradicate) cancers, heart conditions, mental illness, etc.
Omg the mic
AAaaaaaaand Biology is BACK in the Game w/ Physics and Chemistry!!!!
Bioshock, Fullmetal Alchemist, and Frankenstein came to mind.
5:23 "We're really wooking at a narrow..."
Nice
From an open-minded man of faith, I honestly don't see why there should be any conflict between this and Christianity. From a Christian's point of view, (or at least mine specifically) bodies don't really matter, as they are just our gate to this realm, that our soul uses.
P.S. I love the content on this channel, never fails to spark wonder and seems to always find interesting topics.
That's not a very good argument. If you're going to devalue human life like that then you might as well not bother living at all. Not trying to be hostile. Just pointing out the flaw in your logic. I'm glad to see that you have an open mind. Never stop asking questions and try to see the logic and reason behind everything and you will eventually realize how unnecessary and harmful faith is. And remember: if it's true, it doesn't require belief. If it requires belief, then it isn't true. :)
Men of faith? How old are you? How about you start questioning your beliefs, start studying history, mythology, psychology, physics, chemistry, biology (neuro, and evo-devo). You seem young enough not to have already wasted your life with nonsense. Just make a few more steps in the right direction and be honest to yourself.
+janky Ah maybe. It's just whenever someone tries to give faulty reasoning, I feel it necessary to intervene. It's one of my major weaknesses.
"If it's true, then it doesn't require belief. If it requires belief, then it isn't true."
Either you have evidence for this, or this isn't true. Please elaborate.
+Patrick Hodson I thought that was self-evident but no matter. If something is true, then its existence is independent from that of humans and their thoughts. And as you pointed out, if there isn't evidence for it, it isn't true. That is what I meant. If there is evidence for it, then it must exist objectively outside of people's beliefs.
Genetic engineering is soo cool i would love to decide the height, eye colour and hair colour etc.. Of my kids if we get there someday. I just hate how people complain about it. If u dont like it just dont take part in it but dont take it away from us if we want to do it with are future kids, i think thats fair
This is all well and good, but how long will it be, until I get retractable claws?
(2:56) Oh come on dude! The fact that they managed to basically eliminate mosaicism is worthy of more than just a mention!
can you plz share link of the paper you are talking about
Just imagine, CRISPR and its versions are just the beginning, there is a whole new era of biotechnology underway. Soon we'll be able to manipulate the code of anything
SciShow / Hank Green: If Cas9 and the sgRNA sliced out the mutant gene, and it was replaced with the mothers copy of the gene instead, does that mean we could cut out most of the genes of the sperm upon fertilization and the egg would replace them with the mothers copy? (thus creating a near clone of the mother, but either male or female and with full length telomeres?)
RUclips needs to compile subject matter "TOPIC" playlists that can be filtered by language or just not make them
You should do a video on Nuclear Winter
If this is combined with organ growing for transplants can we get rid of rejection? I know they've been doing work to be able to wash organs free of the donor DNA. Can we then for example fix a recipients DNA with CRISPR and then wash the organs in the fixed DNA so we can create custom organs with fixed DNA in cases for people with genetic diseases like Cystic Fibrosis?
You got a few things wrong. 1) You don't wash out DNA, DNA free Organs would not live.
2) The technology that deals with growing organs is called "Tissue Engineering", the idea is to grow organs from the cells of the recipient himself. The organs would be his own thus no rejection would occur.
3) If the recipients organs are damaged because of a genetic disease, then CRISPR Cas could be used to repair that and grow a healthy organ from the recipients cells.
4) People with CF do not need a new organ (usually, except if their lungs have a severe inflammation, then you'd have to replace the lung.
5) You could theoretically change the immunity genes of an other persons cells to be the same as the ones of the recipients and thus avoid rejection. But why do that if you can just grow an organ from the cells of the recipient himself.
Hi thanks for the reply.
Sorry I was not more accurate with my description:
1) I meant the process called Decellularization. Here's the link. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decellularization
Essentially the genetic markers of the cells are wiped away and all you're left with is the scaffold of the organ unless I'm wrong please correct me if I am.
2) Yep I understand that part 100% as I've already had a double lung transplant.
3) I assume you mean growing new lungs from the genetic material of the recipient. I was just wondering if CRISPR could be used on patients who have already have organ transplants.
4) My assumption would be that it would be a time constraint in terms of growing a brand new set of lungs. It would be to help people who have already gone through the surgery instead of genetically manipulating future embryos and correct their genetic faults.
Thanks for the reply!
what a time
People posting in here dont seem to understand that some dna strands contain multiple traits. The problem isnt that someone will be better than another but rather that people could be affected in unforseen ways. Im pro designer baby but i think it would have to be very minor changes in order to assure accuracy.
Cuda Danger Baird You think people are just going to use it for removing bad genes , I think thats just naive .
If anyone has read the chemical Gardens trilogy then I think this might turn ugly but.. I'm in support of this I'm just weary because of this series! Y'all should google it fr gives you chills lol
did they test with bad eggs/ good sperm to see if they DNA reversion was always to the egg rather than to some "better" copy? Were the markers always present in the mutant genes?
off topic question but will you get a tan if you wear sunscreen?
Yes, although I'm pretty sure there exist some very strong sunscreens that stop you from getting one, don't worry though as they aren't very common.
So if I've understood correctly, it is not possible to add or modify traits a la designer babies, but merely to snip out faulty genes and let the embryo self-correct it into a normal one. Could actually adding traits be possible as well and if so, how?
When I watch this, it reminds me of the history Gundam Seed...
I did a project on this
I wonder if scientists can figure how to get the DNA to accept the donor DNA during repair, that would be interesting. Maybe they can "CRISPR/cas9 it" (donor DNA) into the egg cell first somehow, before inserting the sperm and cas9 enzyme. Then we can utilize the mechanism that the sperm and egg cells naturally use to repair DNA in a different way. Wish I could fully grasp the science behind this; I think it's so interesting!
(Meant to write "DNA template" not "donor DNA")
Making "baby" steps.
Ill see myself out.
Pictures of what is being discussed would help people process this information better. Interesting ideas, though. :-)
The video says that "the cells used the healthy gene from the egg cell to fix its diseased counterpart."
Isn't it also possible for the cells to take the sperm's copy of the gene as a template to fix the cut and thus introduce the possibility of "fixing" it with a diseased version of the gene? I'm a bit stuck there.
The start of coordinaters or innovades
As a person whose friend died from this at the age of 13 this sort of research is good
Progress in genetic engineering is more hope that we, as a species, will survive the effect that the act of saving people from illnesses with medical treatments, is having on our gene pool. Good thing that we know many ways that DNA is destroyed, and how it can be preserved. So if, in hundreds of years from now, we have only just perfected and made pratical, genetic engineering for near everyone, then we'll be able to introduce healthy DNA from a time period where modern medicine was only just beginning to be effective at preventing death. Because, it still wasn't that long ago, when doctors scoffed at the idea of washing their hands before helping to deliver a baby.
simple man, see Scishow notification...click¡
Designer babies is kinda pointless when the scope of this discovery gets fully exploited. Designer adults is where it's at. Fixing cancerous cells would be the most obvious and most needed of course, but the applications are enormous. We could start incorporating new gene snippets to make adults stronger or faster or taller or bluer... eventually maybe, immortality.
You wouldn't be able to kill cancer with this
I'm just here for the offended fundamentalists and hippies.
If anything can unify those lunatics it's science suggesting a better future.
So, can this be used to assist cutting out genetic disorders for a healthier population? Because that would be amazing. Of course, now we have to be careful in continued research because genetic testing on babies tends to be taboo, as it should be for many reasons.
Can we Crispred a plant that grows an iPhone as a flower if we edit it hard enough?
Environmental incorporation is a pretty big part of evolution, like when mitochondria and chloroplasts were incorporated into more complicated cells, or when multicellular organisms evolved. Bacteria scavenge DNA all the time. This doesn't seem much different.
You guys ever watch Gattaka?
Since today is just Friday, I would say the eclipse is "Monday after next".
Would it be possible to c
grow healthy fertilized eggs, use Crispr to take specific genes out of the healthy egg, then take Crispr and those healthy genes and implant them into another embryo?
When your watching a new video and don't release
4:55 "the _Patrick_ of laws in other countries?"
Ummm... _what?_ I've got nothing to do with those laws lol.
Totally blacked out in the middle of the video.
I imagine there will be a kind of butterfly effect from gm entering our gene pool.
Zombie apocalypse is still on the cards
Since we are all pro science here and we watch this channel to learn more about science, I have questions. What happens to the embryos from the trials? Do they become "less perfect" lab grown babies or are they disposed of in biohazardous waste bins? Is it against the hippocratic oath to grow these babies when they will most likely live a shortened lifespan? What are the morals and ethics at hand for human interference to dna on the molecular level beyond what artificial selection could have ever done?
Probably they just dump them out. In principle there shouldn't be anything imperfect about them and could be implanted into a mother as is done with in vitro fertilization.
Why do you keep referring to designer babies as though they're a problem? I've always thought designer babies was one of the main goals researchers are striving for.
firexgodx980 indeed, people with greater lung capacity to allow survival in lower oxygen environments, people with a more refined immune system, and eradication of cystic fibrosis, huntington's and other genetic diseases is a good thing.
Degenerates want society to further degenerate
I think that by "designer babies" people are most worried about those who are given artificially augmented abilities or traits, rather than those who have otherwise harmful traits fixed. It's, at least in part, an issue of limited accessibility and the potential to give the people who are already at an advantage in life (ie monetarily) further advantages, and disadvantage further those who are less fortunate.
Mostly its pure cosmetic changes pepole are worried about
Rather than something pepole need
I'm half a year late, but there's tons of moral problems with it that I don't feel like getting into.
If only this came up 2 years ago... My aunt might still be alive...
Monster girls, nekos, eternal lolies, insect swarm plasmid from bioshock. So much potential. I'm so happy right now!
Painfulldarksoul HHAHA. You aren't looking at reality. It'll be too complicated and we might not succeed. Don't get your hopes up. I want furries. But I guess it won't happen.
Time will tell.
Wait, didn't I see this movie back in 1997? Yes, it was called Gattaca then.
This remind me of Orphan Black