I saw one version on the origin of the practice of gladiatorial combat that it began in an ancient funeral practice where two slaves would fight to the death. It had fallen out of common usage until Julies Caesar revived it in a set of spectacular games that were supposedly intended to honor his aunt but were really just a public relation event for one of his elections.
Aztecs would do something similar by giving the doomed feather armor and a feathered club and pitting him against multiple warriors in full combat dress and war weapons
Fantastic content once again. I love that you cover the often unexplored aspects of Roman history. If you ever get a chance, I would love to see your take on the topic of the often used Germanic bodyguards of the emperors. From The Ubii thay saved Caesar at Alesia, to the Varangians of the late Byzantines, it seems to be such a prevalent theme in Roman history. Yet the topic is seldom expounded. Thanks again for an awesome video!
What about a small village in the USA that reacted strongly to a human sacrifice in early America of a woman by a Christian. ruclips.net/video/Mim4u36CqYo/видео.html
This channel (all three that is) and Ancient Rome Live are my two favorite channels on ancient Rome, but thanks to the algorithm I was recommended to watch Carlo Pavia. He is the guy for underground Rome with over 40 years exploring and documenting the extensive ruins under the city. Unless fluent in Italian, captions should be on with the appropriate language translation. Phenomenal journeys that would otherwise have no access. Bellissimo!
This is a very interesting set of questions. There were survivals of human sacrifice in classical Greece and Rome, even if they were rarely conducted as fully public ritual slaughter or immolation the way we know it from the standard examples of the Aztec empire, ancient Mesopotamia, tribal Brazilian cultures etc. Almost certainly human sacrifice was fully accepted within Minoan and Mycaenean religion; this is shown both by archaeological finds and by traces of the practice in myths that go back to the Bronze age (Iphigenia, the Minotaur, Pelops etc). Tragic drama as an art form seems to emerge at a point when human sacrifice had become a very rare or veiled thing but the ideas surrounding such rites were still alive in the minds of many people.
Iphigenia wasn't sacrificed. She was teleported to Tauris (modern day Crimea) and lived there. The theater play Iphigenia in Tauris covers her life in Tauris, and her eventual return back home, after her brother Orestis, is unknowingly led by the Goddess there, to set his sister free from the indigenous Crimean people. If you read the actual primary sources, they never say that Artemis demanded the sacrifice of Iphigenia. They say that a character named Calchas got an oracle, that in order for Artemis to excuse Agamemnon, he had to sacrifice his most valuable possession. And Calchas thought that the most valuable possession of Agamemnon was his daughter, so he interpreted the oracle as saying Agamemnon had to sacrifice his daughter, when the Goddess said nothing like that, and in fact the Goddess herself teleported Iphigenia away to save her from the dumb Calchas who was about to sacrifice her. There isn't a single time where ancient Greek mythology or history endorses or accepts human sacrifice. In all the cases it shows up, the Gods show their detest and get offended by it, and punish those who practice it. Plus there is absolutely no archaeological evidence suggesting human sacrifices taking place in Greece. Ever. At least that's what books of scholars like Walter Burkert and Oliver Dickinson say.
@@OrphicPolytheist Yes, but that one and other myths indicate that they originated in a society where the idea of human sacrifice was not seen as foreign and impossible (if it was ascribed to a leading Greek king and Greek goddesses, in this case Artemis). Presumably that society would have been Mycaenean Greece, because several of these myths are fairly sure to reach back well into the Bronze age (M.P. Nilsson, The Mycaenean Origin of Greek Mythology and G.S. Kirk, The Nature of Greek Myths). How far into the Dark Ages human sacrifice persisted as an open practice we can't know for sure,
I really love your channel. I'm going to get one of your books. If this channel is any indication of the quality of the work, it'll be an excellent read. I'm looking forward to it.
Everyone giving up human sacrifice in the old world must have been why the Maya and Nahuatl had to pick up the slack. Gotta keep the world in balance somehow!
There is an argument to be made that the accused did not commit murder, but rather he was participating in a religious ritual -- a Constitutionally protected right. I doubt that such an argument will succeed, but I still think it is worth attempting.
@@zainmudassir2964 Technically, decapitation and general murder of infidels in Islam is human sacrifice. They do it specifically in the name of their god. Just look at the modern Islamic practice of suicide bombing. They chant to their god just before the mass murder. Not to mention that they sacrifice themselves for their god.
Very odd how he glosses over such an obvious example of human sacrifice, but it's okay because legally the Romans called it something else. Very bizarre.
@@KingAwesome8218 It's not just called something else, it is something else, namely an execution. Unlike sacrifices to gods with specific victims for a specific intent the life of the enemy king or general wasn't explicitly offered as a sacrifice to a god, it's more about the Triumphing Consul/Dictator and the Republic making clear the power of Rome through capital punishment. I say unless you're killing someone to offer their life or blood to a god it's not a sacrifice, and wanting to stretch definitions of other ritual killings/executions just seems like one wants to make the Romans appear less civil than they were in comparison to their neighbors.
@@okdude8215 You can argue it all you like, all you're doing is ignoring their reasoning and differentiation and the material differences at hand; your opinion in service of, I assume, some kind of moral claim and attempt to level the field isn't relevant to the truth.
Devotio is the most fascinating manifestation of it, basically the spiritual equivalent of the general turning himself into a nuclear suicide bomber, with catastrophic results for the enemy. If there was one thing I could see about early Roman warfare it'd be those early Devotii and see the reaction it caused among the enemy and among the soldiers.
I'm fascinated by sacrificial volunteers, especially high ranking ones . There are stories (possibly apocryphal) of cultures where someone was treated like a king for a period before being dispatched.
Reaction of the enemy is obvious. It would be like "Oh look that's the enemy officer over there. Why is he riding towards us all alone? Does he want to parley? Nope, he wants to attack us, he lost his marbles. Let's cut or capture and ransom that moron".
The festival poster was an amazing detail! But seriously, weren't the captives slain at the end of the Roman triumph *before the temple of Jupiter* essentially sacrifices to Jupiter?
@@flyingeagle3898 the resemblance is pretty striking, and one of the few exceptions to the ban on executions within the pomerium. And note the sacrifice of the white bulls immediately after the mass-killing of the prisoners ruclips.net/video/F-VjCLR5L-c/видео.htmlsi=TXT2ziWbKr_yhCjd&t=879
0:15 seems like Yahweh wasn’t different from other gods. Genesis 8 “20Then Noah built an altar to the LORD. And taking from every kind of clean animal and clean bird, he offered burnt offerings on the altar. 21When *the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma,* He said in His heart, “Never again will I curse the ground because of man, even though every inclination of his heart is evil from his youth. And never again will I destroy all living creatures as I have done.”
The Old Testament also has instances of animal sacrifice to Yahweh, starting with Cain and Abel. Abraham was going to sacrifice his son Isaac, until Yahweh told him, "just kidding, never mind." Goatchella poster, priceless.
The Bible preserves “fossil” evidence in the text that human sacrifice was practiced by ancient Israelites. Isaac is an example, but there’s also Jephthah's daughter. Yahweh didn’t say “never mind” for her. Same as for the Romans and the Greeks, the practice eventually fell out of favor and not only was abandoned, it was also heavily frowned upon. I find it interesting that both the Romans and the authors of the Bible used accusations of gruesome and large scale human sacrifice to discredit their enemies. The Conquistadores did the same with the native American civilizations. Hell, even during WWI and WWII there was propaganda accusing the Germans/ the Jews/etc. of “eating children”.
I agree. Even when a gladiator did die, his blood was in no way considered an offering to the gods and combat would not have been considered ritual murder as there was no sacred ritual going on and no one chosen as the victim in advance. As for criminals executed in often bizarre ways in the arenas, they could never be considered an offering to the gods but I suppose that could be considered a form of ritual murder.@@Joanna-il2ur
Great lecture. I have difficulty differentiating human sacrifice and ritual murder. An underground entrance to the Colosseum from the palaces was a transport for statues of Roman gods to observe the atrocities. I don’t believe the Romans strayed from the ideas discussed. It’s the question of human sacrifice being redemptive verses punitive that is the real question.
What's your opinion on Holt Parker's paper (2004) that suggests Vestals functioned as scapegoats for human sacrifices when things went bad for the Roman state?
Since they were protected by every Roman law know, I don’t see the argument as having evidence. If you want to see a scapegoat, Massalia had one, instigated by the Greeks. He was termed pharmakos
@@Joanna-il2ur Pliny the Younger believed that Cornelia, a Virgo Maxima buried alive on the orders of emperor Domitian, may have been an innocent victim. He describes how she sought to keep her dignity intact when she descended into the chamber:
@@benjalucian1515 Pliny hated Domitian, and was mates with Trajan, the eventual successor. I hardly think that counts as evidence. Most elite stuff about dead emperors from a previous dynasty is lies, such as the stuff about Nero in Tacitus and Suetonius, as is the stuff told by Dio about Commodus.
you werent kidding about the carthiginians. i didnt know there were any things left on earth that i'd be happier not knowing about and then i learned about a/the tophet.
christians though that the cruxifiction was the perfect sacrifice promised in the old testament, and replaced traditional sacrifice with the christian mass, where people belived they were co partisipating in the and only sacrifice in the cross as such the tradition of sacrifice staid in the roman culture tho in a new way
You've almost got it backwards, the reason why the idea of a sacrifice given to replace other sacrifices was so potent was because of the Roman world having already embraced such a concept surrounding human sacrifice, the Jesus narrative just dials it up to 11, and kills BBQ culture.
You should also mention that your book is in audio form through audible. Just preordered your second book through there. Do you ever plan on doing the narration for your audio books?
I knew this wouldnt be uncut Human sacrifice was a KNOWN THING to the Gods Of rome and greece but just like they always do dilute the history to make them look a way man they were burning and slaying all the time keep it real
I've always found the supposed disgust the Romans had for human sacrifice very hypocritical. when barbarians killed someone in a religious ritual it was human sacrifice, but when a captive ruler is strangled before the temple of Jupiter it's not, it's just called a triumph. Putting aside such blatant cases of actual human sacrifice, there's also just the constant war and conquest. Is killing thousands of people to invade a land and destroy it's culture for secular reasons really more noble or acceptable than it would be if you put on a black robe and chanted while doing it?
The title card painting is the sacrifice of Iphigenia, only she didn’t die, did she? She was snatched away in the twinkling of a nose by Artemis and became a priestess of Artemis at Taurus in Crimea, from where she was rescued by Orestes, as set out in Euripides’ Iphigenia in Taurus.
@@merrittanimation7721So Euripides was playing his let’s rewrite the story thing again, as in Medea. Mind you, the version in the Cypria she IS rescued by Artemis, so it is genuinely old. I just checked. I was also reminded of something I used to know but forgot. In the early myths, she had a different name, starting with the Iliad. Some supposed experts think the two females are different daughters. We could be talking about a conflation of two myths.
It's not just Greek and Roman religion that called for sacrifice. Sacrifice (though not necessarily human sacrifice) is central to virtually all religious expressions, and always has been.
As I understand Roman Gladiatorial games grew out of funeral games in which the loser of Gladiatorial combat was supposed to accompany the person whose funeral it was to the after life or something like that.
I would be curious to hear a review and your take on practices further afield to the east. What is the history of Human Sacrifice in the Near and Middle East? What were the effects of Judaism, Christianity and Islam on them to this day? Far East too. Thanks
Ancient Hebrews were OK with human sacrifice. Remember the story of Abram and Isaac? God asks for Abram to sacrifice his son and Abram doesn't even protest.
@@samuraijosh1595 Carthagenian claims don't hold up under scrutiny, Celts left no record. All we have is what their enemies wrote about them. Same with Canaanites. The bible describes Hebrews having child sacrifice.
Yes, there probably was a religious element in the original background of those games, even if by the time of the empire they had become entertainment. It was also a way pf dramatizing what could happen if you challenged the political order - it's no coincidence that fighting in the arena/getting thrown before the beasts was also used as a way to finish off criminals, robbers and "enemies of the state" (by no means just the Christians).
Average height of men was 5'6". Winters in Rome were cold and wet. They had braziers to burn coals for heat, underfloor central heat, and they wore long sleeves on their wool tunics.
Woild you be interested in doing a video about the roman law of Homo Sacer? One who may be killed but not sacrificed. It's been written about by Giorgio Agamben in his book Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life
The druidic religion of the celts featured human sacrifices, the Romans used it as a reason to destroy the druids, but it’s doubtful that it wasn’t true.
I don't know if I'm saying the incantation incorrectly or using the wrong sacrificial knife, but I've wasted 4 perfectly good virgins this week and the spell still hasn't worked. Maybe they're not being honest about being virgins.🤔
That Goatchella lineup is FIRE!
I bet Flava Flavian wore a big sundial necklace.
I legitimately laughed aloud reading those Goatchella band names. But seriously, thank you, as always for your superb content. Best regards.
100% agree and laughed
Rage Against the Patricians! 😂
Bath House Mafia, Juno Mars, Aristotle Grande (Imagine Ariana Grande as Aristotle), Miley Cyprus, Odyssey Osbourne 🤣🤣🤣
I totally cracked up too! Bravo and thanks for the good laugh!😂
@@LordTelperion That was my favorite
The goatchella poster was glorious 😂
I saw one version on the origin of the practice of gladiatorial combat that it began in an ancient funeral practice where two slaves would fight to the death. It had fallen out of common usage until Julies Caesar revived it in a set of spectacular games that were supposedly intended to honor his aunt but were really just a public relation event for one of his elections.
It appears to have been an Etruscan ritual at first.
Aztecs would do something similar by giving the doomed feather armor and a feathered club and pitting him against multiple warriors in full combat dress and war weapons
Fantastic content once again. I love that you cover the often unexplored aspects of Roman history. If you ever get a chance, I would love to see your take on the topic of the often used Germanic bodyguards of the emperors. From The Ubii thay saved Caesar at Alesia, to the Varangians of the late Byzantines, it seems to be such a prevalent theme in Roman history. Yet the topic is seldom expounded. Thanks again for an awesome video!
ex-Brits guarding Greeks larping as Romans, Byzantine history is such a meme it's delightful
@@theeccentrictripper3863the Roman’s were just Italians larping as Greeks
@@apryldowns8586 No no, they were watered down Trojans mixed with Sabines through struggle-snuggles, doesn't anyone read Livy or Virgil anymore?
@@theeccentrictripper3863 The eastern Romans were just that, Romans. They would have been quite confused and even offended if one called them greeks.
@@dayros2023 Relax it's just the meme, I'm on team ERE most of the time
Would it be possible to have a closer look at the cult of Baal, in a future video?
What about a small village in the USA that reacted strongly to a human sacrifice in early America of a woman by a Christian. ruclips.net/video/Mim4u36CqYo/видео.html
Keep up the awesome job, Garrett 👏
5:40 these names are just too funny 😂
And thanks for the very informative video once again.
I liked last year's line up better - Thunderfelis, Ordo Nova, Taliatrix Celeri, a reunited Numidians With Attitude, etc
This channel (all three that is) and Ancient Rome Live are my two favorite channels on ancient Rome, but thanks to the algorithm I was recommended to watch Carlo Pavia. He is the guy for underground Rome with over 40 years exploring and documenting the extensive ruins under the city. Unless fluent in Italian, captions should be on with the appropriate language translation. Phenomenal journeys that would otherwise have no access. Bellissimo!
This is a very interesting set of questions. There were survivals of human sacrifice in classical Greece and Rome, even if they were rarely conducted as fully public ritual slaughter or immolation the way we know it from the standard examples of the Aztec empire, ancient Mesopotamia, tribal Brazilian cultures etc. Almost certainly human sacrifice was fully accepted within Minoan and Mycaenean religion; this is shown both by archaeological finds and by traces of the practice in myths that go back to the Bronze age (Iphigenia, the Minotaur, Pelops etc). Tragic drama as an art form seems to emerge at a point when human sacrifice had become a very rare or veiled thing but the ideas surrounding such rites were still alive in the minds of many people.
Iphigenia wasn't sacrificed. She was teleported to Tauris (modern day Crimea) and lived there. The theater play Iphigenia in Tauris covers her life in Tauris, and her eventual return back home, after her brother Orestis, is unknowingly led by the Goddess there, to set his sister free from the indigenous Crimean people.
If you read the actual primary sources, they never say that Artemis demanded the sacrifice of Iphigenia. They say that a character named Calchas got an oracle, that in order for Artemis to excuse Agamemnon, he had to sacrifice his most valuable possession. And Calchas thought that the most valuable possession of Agamemnon was his daughter, so he interpreted the oracle as saying Agamemnon had to sacrifice his daughter, when the Goddess said nothing like that, and in fact the Goddess herself teleported Iphigenia away to save her from the dumb Calchas who was about to sacrifice her.
There isn't a single time where ancient Greek mythology or history endorses or accepts human sacrifice. In all the cases it shows up, the Gods show their detest and get offended by it, and punish those who practice it.
Plus there is absolutely no archaeological evidence suggesting human sacrifices taking place in Greece. Ever. At least that's what books of scholars like Walter Burkert and Oliver Dickinson say.
@@OrphicPolytheist Yes, but that one and other myths indicate that they originated in a society where the idea of human sacrifice was not seen as foreign and impossible (if it was ascribed to a leading Greek king and Greek goddesses, in this case Artemis). Presumably that society would have been Mycaenean Greece, because several of these myths are fairly sure to reach back well into the Bronze age (M.P. Nilsson, The Mycaenean Origin of Greek Mythology and G.S. Kirk, The Nature of Greek Myths). How far into the Dark Ages human sacrifice persisted as an open practice we can't know for sure,
They still practice this today!
@@maggiemae7539 You mean, as in war?
I really love your channel. I'm going to get one of your books. If this channel is any indication of the quality of the work, it'll be an excellent read. I'm looking forward to it.
Your content is always gold, gilded even, like the Ox’ horns. God bless, hope all is well!
Everyone giving up human sacrifice in the old world must have been why the Maya and Nahuatl had to pick up the slack. Gotta keep the world in balance somehow!
@vladimirspoutine1264 Spain rolled the dice for us all and we're still here, guess ol' Helios found some aliens to sacrifice
There is an argument to be made that the accused did not commit murder, but rather he was participating in a religious ritual -- a Constitutionally protected right. I doubt that such an argument will succeed, but I still think it is worth attempting.
You're right but why didn't the NHI protect the Native Americans?
Pre Islam Arabia was also known for human sacrifices
for their pagan gods
@@zainmudassir2964 Technically, decapitation and general murder of infidels in Islam is human sacrifice. They do it specifically in the name of their god. Just look at the modern Islamic practice of suicide bombing. They chant to their god just before the mass murder. Not to mention that they sacrifice themselves for their god.
Bought the first book! Definitely buying the 2nd!
The executions of the likes of Vercingetorix outside the temple of Jupiter at the end of a triumph could be argued to be a human sacrifice
Very odd how he glosses over such an obvious example of human sacrifice, but it's okay because legally the Romans called it something else. Very bizarre.
Killing an enemy king is not sacrifice, it's secular expansion of the Roman sphere of influence.
@@KingAwesome8218 It's not just called something else, it is something else, namely an execution. Unlike sacrifices to gods with specific victims for a specific intent the life of the enemy king or general wasn't explicitly offered as a sacrifice to a god, it's more about the Triumphing Consul/Dictator and the Republic making clear the power of Rome through capital punishment. I say unless you're killing someone to offer their life or blood to a god it's not a sacrifice, and wanting to stretch definitions of other ritual killings/executions just seems like one wants to make the Romans appear less civil than they were in comparison to their neighbors.
@@theeccentrictripper3863I'd argue regardless of your reasoning if you kill someone after a ritual at a temple you're sacrificing them.
@@okdude8215 You can argue it all you like, all you're doing is ignoring their reasoning and differentiation and the material differences at hand; your opinion in service of, I assume, some kind of moral claim and attempt to level the field isn't relevant to the truth.
A moment of appreciation for the puntastic Goatchella bands at 5:30 👏👏👏
Devotio is the most fascinating manifestation of it, basically the spiritual equivalent of the general turning himself into a nuclear suicide bomber, with catastrophic results for the enemy. If there was one thing I could see about early Roman warfare it'd be those early Devotii and see the reaction it caused among the enemy and among the soldiers.
My thoughts exactly ! P Decius Mus going full berserk
I'm fascinated by sacrificial volunteers, especially high ranking ones . There are stories (possibly apocryphal) of cultures where someone was treated like a king for a period before being dispatched.
Reaction of the enemy is obvious. It would be like "Oh look that's the enemy officer over there. Why is he riding towards us all alone? Does he want to parley? Nope, he wants to attack us, he lost his marbles. Let's cut or capture and ransom that moron".
The festival poster was an amazing detail! But seriously, weren't the captives slain at the end of the Roman triumph *before the temple of Jupiter* essentially sacrifices to Jupiter?
5:32 - "Goatchella" *festival poster* - I missed it at first, but this is indeed very funny, the names.
I missed it while watching the first time, but after seeing your comment I went back and they're hysterical!
not officially, it merely had a striking resemblance, also it was a exception, in many surrounding societies human sacrifice was a regular occurrence
@@flyingeagle3898 the resemblance is pretty striking, and one of the few exceptions to the ban on executions within the pomerium. And note the sacrifice of the white bulls immediately after the mass-killing of the prisoners
ruclips.net/video/F-VjCLR5L-c/видео.htmlsi=TXT2ziWbKr_yhCjd&t=879
0:15 seems like Yahweh wasn’t different from other gods.
Genesis 8 “20Then Noah built an altar to the LORD. And taking from every kind of clean animal and clean bird, he offered burnt offerings on the altar. 21When *the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma,* He said in His heart, “Never again will I curse the ground because of man, even though every inclination of his heart is evil from his youth. And never again will I destroy all living creatures as I have done.”
I’ve always wanted to see rage against the patricians live
I you haven't seen IX Uncia Nails live I highly suggest you make the effort. Thanks for some learning and laughs Dr. Ryan!
BC/AD ROCKS!
Always exciting to see an upload! Thanks you!
The Old Testament also has instances of animal sacrifice to Yahweh, starting with Cain and Abel. Abraham was going to sacrifice his son Isaac, until Yahweh told him, "just kidding, never mind." Goatchella poster, priceless.
You know I’ve had a vision, and you know I’m strong and holy, I must do what I’ve been told. L Cohen, Story of Isaac.
The Bible preserves “fossil” evidence in the text that human sacrifice was practiced by ancient Israelites. Isaac is an example, but there’s also Jephthah's daughter. Yahweh didn’t say “never mind” for her. Same as for the Romans and the Greeks, the practice eventually fell out of favor and not only was abandoned, it was also heavily frowned upon.
I find it interesting that both the Romans and the authors of the Bible used accusations of gruesome and large scale human sacrifice to discredit their enemies. The Conquistadores did the same with the native American civilizations. Hell, even during WWI and WWII there was propaganda accusing the Germans/ the Jews/etc. of “eating children”.
@@pansepot1490are you kidding?? It never fell out of favor. This abomination still exists today!
@@maggiemae7539 it fell. Where do you see human sacrifices? Maybe in Africa, but very isolated cases
@@M4th3u54ndr4d3its everywhere sweety, just not on the 3 letter fake media
Lake Nemi? I drove by that daily for years and I think I remember it being called Lago d'Averno?
Different lake. Lago d'Averno is near the Phlegraean Fields near Naples. Lake Nemi is a small circular volcanic lake in the Alban Hills.
What an awesome and insightful channel.
It could be argued that many of the people killed in the arenas constituted human sacrifice and ritual murder.
I don’t agree. Very few died and all were professionals.
I agree. Even when a gladiator did die, his blood was in no way considered an offering to the gods and combat would not have been considered ritual murder as there was no sacred ritual going on and no one chosen as the victim in advance. As for criminals executed in often bizarre ways in the arenas, they could never be considered an offering to the gods but I suppose that could be considered a form of ritual murder.@@Joanna-il2ur
@@Joanna-il2urIt wasn't just Gladiators in the Arena. Lots of litetal executions, slaves getting slaughtered etc.
The Roman did do human sacrifices, after a triumph the king or leader was strangled as a sacrifice to Jupiter by the triumphant general or consul.
No because they were condemned by law and were criminals
Wouldn't the Etruscan funeral rite of people fighting to the death be considered a sacrificial rite as well?
Great lecture. I have difficulty differentiating human sacrifice and ritual murder. An underground entrance to the Colosseum from the palaces was a transport for statues of Roman gods to observe the atrocities. I don’t believe the Romans strayed from the ideas discussed. It’s the question of human sacrifice being redemptive verses punitive that is the real question.
When will the audiobook for the new book going to be available? I loved the first one on audible.
Loved the 'Blink 182' reference using Roman numerals! Great little Easter Egg...
New toldinstone video! Let’s go!
HYSTERICAL GRAPHICS!
LOVE THE CONCERT POSTER!!!
Those Goatchella names are incredible
Thank you for recommending tv show Rome. Wife and I had a blast. We're watching I, Clavdius next.
4:07 when I heard you say no fewer, I was thinking like 20. I was wrong
Love this video! Very informative! Btw, are Aphrodite and Demeter accidentally switched around @1:03?
What about the Roman self sacrifice in battle as a spell to guarantee victory? Isn't that a form of human sacrifice?
Yes it is
Yes.
War is and will always be a form of sacrifice.
What's your opinion on Holt Parker's paper (2004) that suggests Vestals functioned as scapegoats for human sacrifices when things went bad for the Roman state?
Since they were protected by every Roman law know, I don’t see the argument as having evidence. If you want to see a scapegoat, Massalia had one, instigated by the Greeks. He was termed pharmakos
I think Domitian scapegoated a few of them to try to shore up his declining popularity as pontifex maximus.
@@benjalucian1515 No. this is incorrect. He didn’t even persecute Christians. That was Maximian in the West. There was no persecution in the East.
@@Joanna-il2ur Pliny the Younger believed that Cornelia, a Virgo Maxima buried alive on the orders of emperor Domitian, may have been an innocent victim. He describes how she sought to keep her dignity intact when she descended into the chamber:
@@benjalucian1515 Pliny hated Domitian, and was mates with Trajan, the eventual successor. I hardly think that counts as evidence. Most elite stuff about dead emperors from a previous dynasty is lies, such as the stuff about Nero in Tacitus and Suetonius, as is the stuff told by Dio about Commodus.
Loved the CGP Grey rating scale. Lol.
hahahaha extra credit for the Goatchella band names!! 👌👌👌
you werent kidding about the carthiginians. i didnt know there were any things left on earth that i'd be happier not knowing about and then i learned about a/the tophet.
Goatchella!! Love the poster.
congrats on new book
Loved the video but you mixed up Demeter and Aphrodite in 1:07.
christians though that the cruxifiction was the perfect sacrifice promised in the old testament, and replaced traditional sacrifice with the christian mass, where people belived they were co partisipating in the and only sacrifice in the cross
as such the tradition of sacrifice staid in the roman culture tho in a new way
You've almost got it backwards, the reason why the idea of a sacrifice given to replace other sacrifices was so potent was because of the Roman world having already embraced such a concept surrounding human sacrifice, the Jesus narrative just dials it up to 11, and kills BBQ culture.
@@theeccentrictripper3863Jesus sacrificed himself. An the bbq started with the Canaanites
@@maggiemae7539 Jesus did not sacrifice himself. He wanted "this cup to pass" him by. God sacrificed him
@@benjalucian1515 There's no archaeological evidence of Jesus ever even existing.
You always set a new high bar
Dear Dr. Ryian @ 1.10 Demeter and Aphrodite are confused with each other
Aphrodite is the naked statue, whereas Demeter has the Toga but no crown.
5:37 I really appreciate the satirical poster for Goatchella🤣.
I can't believe Blink CLXXXII got billing over Rage Against The Patricians. Let's sacrifice the booking agent.
5:32. Good times 😊...
Id like to declare that Im the first viewer of the video
👏
I’m the 408th
Love the band names lol
I can't believe I didn't go to GOATCHELLA this year!!!
You should also mention that your book is in audio form through audible. Just preordered your second book through there. Do you ever plan on doing the narration for your audio books?
Goatchella!! and those headliners were hilarious....
Great episode.
I think Vercingetorix was strangled on the steps of the temple of Jupiter, which sounds a lot like human sacrifice imo
Was there another video uploaded today right before this one about opium addicts or was I hallucinating that? Is it gone now?
Still there. It's a second channel vid.
@@fruitygarlic3601 oh that would make sense. Thank you. I'm subbed to both but I missed it when looking in my sub box a few tines lol.
Beware of the gods. Thanks for this great content!
What about the sacrifices required when founding a new city?
4:47 Glad I wasn't alive then
In Miletus, Turkey there is an ancient greek text describing how they sacrificed humans.
Source?
@@benjalucian1515 I am travelling Turkey right now and I literally read the translation in the Museum.
@@tehdreamer OK, that's fine, but some details would be nice. Where was the inscription found, to when was it dated , etc.
OK, I need a Goatchella t-shirt. When do they go on sale?
Great video
1:10 Isn't the first statue actually Aphrodites ??? 🧐
I knew this wouldnt be uncut Human sacrifice was a KNOWN THING to the Gods Of rome and greece but just like they always do dilute the history to make them look a way man they were burning and slaying all the time keep it real
I want to go to Goatchella 😅
Nothing like a bit of human sacrifice to start the weekend.
There are a lot of questions now as to whether the Cathaginians actually sacrificed children.
Yup. Nothing really pointing to it. Anything written about it by their enemies is totally suspect.
Goatchella has a great line up
You should read Violence and the Sacred.
que interessante este video, difícil encontrar temas como esse sendo falados no RUclips.
I've always found the supposed disgust the Romans had for human sacrifice very hypocritical. when barbarians killed someone in a religious ritual it was human sacrifice, but when a captive ruler is strangled before the temple of Jupiter it's not, it's just called a triumph. Putting aside such blatant cases of actual human sacrifice, there's also just the constant war and conquest. Is killing thousands of people to invade a land and destroy it's culture for secular reasons really more noble or acceptable than it would be if you put on a black robe and chanted while doing it?
The title card painting is the sacrifice of Iphigenia, only she didn’t die, did she? She was snatched away in the twinkling of a nose by Artemis and became a priestess of Artemis at Taurus in Crimea, from where she was rescued by Orestes, as set out in Euripides’ Iphigenia in Taurus.
Depends on the version. It's implied to be true in the Iliad and the play Agamemnon.
@@merrittanimation7721So Euripides was playing his let’s rewrite the story thing again, as in Medea. Mind you, the version in the Cypria she IS rescued by Artemis, so it is genuinely old. I just checked. I was also reminded of something I used to know but forgot. In the early myths, she had a different name, starting with the Iliad. Some supposed experts think the two females are different daughters. We could be talking about a conflation of two myths.
Some say that human sacrifice was also practiced relative to the saturnalia the winter solstice event.
Nah, that all ended prior to the 1st century bce.
It's not just Greek and Roman religion that called for sacrifice. Sacrifice (though not necessarily human sacrifice) is central to virtually all religious expressions, and always has been.
*Give* to *get*
I thought there were some question about the sacrifice of children in Carthage, the sources are generally Roman and likely biased
You are correct.
It’s been credibly argued that Greek dramatic tragedy (which I love) was an echo of actual ritualistic “sacrifice”.
As I understand Roman Gladiatorial games grew out of funeral games in which the loser of Gladiatorial combat was supposed to accompany the person whose funeral it was to the after life or something like that.
As soon as I saw the ranking chart I laughed so hard lol
Rectal impalement must have been the slowest and worse way.
You left out Poughkeepsie. Maybe somebody should look into that.😰
no mention of vestal virgins??
I would be curious to hear a review and your take on practices further afield to the east. What is the history of Human Sacrifice in the Near and Middle East? What were the effects of Judaism, Christianity and Islam on them to this day? Far East too. Thanks
Ancient Hebrews were OK with human sacrifice. Remember the story of Abram and Isaac? God asks for Abram to sacrifice his son and Abram doesn't even protest.
a video on haruspices and augury from your channel would rip
It's still happening...
I know human sacrifice is referenced in myth but is there any evidence outside Roman writings of things like the Gaulish wicker man?
They found evidence of human sacrifice of babies. It was the Canaanites
No, they haven't. Scholars figure it's just the Romans demonizing their enemies.
@@maggiemae7539 No such evidence exists.
@@benjalucian1515 Carthigenians, Phoenocians/cannanites, Celts and more evidence
@@samuraijosh1595 Carthagenian claims don't hold up under scrutiny, Celts left no record. All we have is what their enemies wrote about them. Same with Canaanites. The bible describes Hebrews having child sacrifice.
As someone who works at Mt Lykaion, that skeleton is definitely NOT a human sacrifice.
What about gladatorial fights where some were going to die?
Yes, there probably was a religious element in the original background of those games, even if by the time of the empire they had become entertainment. It was also a way pf dramatizing what could happen if you challenged the political order - it's no coincidence that fighting in the arena/getting thrown before the beasts was also used as a way to finish off criminals, robbers and "enemies of the state" (by no means just the Christians).
Thunder Dome! Two Men Enter! One Man Leaves!
I have two questions. 1) What was winter like in ancient Rome? and 2) What was the average height of ancient Romans and Greeks?
Chatgpt is your friend
Average height of men was 5'6". Winters in Rome were cold and wet. They had braziers to burn coals for heat, underfloor central heat, and they wore long sleeves on their wool tunics.
@ 5:45 ... basically what they did to Ghaddafi, but he got it much worse i hear. I'm sure even the ancients wouldve believed they went too far.
i didn’t know the narrator from the “how it’s made” show had a youtube channel
Woild you be interested in doing a video about the roman law of Homo Sacer? One who may be killed but not sacrificed. It's been written about by Giorgio Agamben in his book Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life
What ever happened to the sacrificing the priestess/women down a hole after losing a battle?
The Romans claimed the British Druids practice human sacrifice, but it may have been propaganda to dehumanise their enemies.
The druidic religion of the celts featured human sacrifices, the Romans used it as a reason to destroy the druids, but it’s doubtful that it wasn’t true.
@@dayros2023 there is some archaeology evidence of human sacrifice, but it may have been executed criminals or prisoners of war.
I don't know if I'm saying the incantation incorrectly or using the wrong sacrificial knife, but I've wasted 4 perfectly good virgins this week and the spell still hasn't worked. Maybe they're not being honest about being virgins.🤔