The One-Electron Universe | Space Time
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- Опубликовано: 9 авг 2017
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Could it be that all the electrons in the universe are simply one, single electron moving back and forth through time?
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Previous Episode:
Dark Flow
• Dark Flow
In the spring of 1940, the great physicist John Archibald Wheeler had a flash of insight. He picked up the phone and called Richard Feynman. The fateful conversation began, “Feynman, I know why all electrons have the same charge and the same mass." "Why?" asked Wheeler’s former graduate student. "Because, they are all the same electron!" Wheeler went on to describe the One-Electron Universe idea: that there exists only one electron, and that electron traverses time in both directions. It bounces in time, eventually traversing the entire past and future history of the universe in both directions, and interacting with itself countless times on each pass. In this way it fills the universe with the appearance of countless electrons. And when the electron is moving backwards in time it is a positron; the antimatter counterpart of the electron.
Written and Hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Produced by Rusty Ward
Graphics by Kurt Ross
Assistant Editing and Sound Design by Mike Petrow
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
Comments answer by Matt:
0xFFF1
• Dark Flow
Daniel Grass
• Dark Flow
M Paulson
• Dark Flow
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I love this theory. I wish I could convince the electric company of it. One electron a month can't be expensive.
Lmao
Well they could also turn that around on you and say that you’re sharing that electron with everyone on earth, and will thus have to pay accordingly.
8
So you're telling me I'm paying for the same electron billions of times over...where is the Galactic court? I need to sue someone
I would counterargue that it's not the amount of electrons you receive that's important but the amount of energy that said number of electrons transfers
mom said it's my turn with the electron
can someone explain😅
I love my Digitak!
@@boogerbust619 Mom said it's my turn to play the Nintendo.
My turns. :)
What electron?
It's like how there's only one Olsen Twin, moving back and forth very fast.
Lmaaaaaaaaaao
The displaced Olsen theory. I wrote a thesis about this back in college but my dog ate it.
I’m pretty sure she did enough coke to achieve that!
Actually it just Elizabeth ;)
I'm still convinced there are 3. Mary, Kate, and Ashley.
“Actually it’s slightly more complicated”. That’s okay I’m only slightly lost.
😂😂😂
😞
RUclips has apparently mistaken me for a smart man.
it's only a mistake to you if you fail to realize it.
My electron was just in you and WOW, you're a naughty boy!
@@laughlinflyer thats amazing
You are in your own way
This channel is full of waaay more complicated videos than this one.
It always cracks me up when he says, actually it's a little more complicated than that. You don't say?
It is even worse when he says: "It is as simple as that" when it isn't.
@@Alkis05 can you give an example? Because when he says things are clear, _they are,_ but that doesn't mean your comprehension is automatically deep and connected enough to realize how all the puzzle pieces fit.
The one electron universe is like Bugs Bunny in the classic baseball cartoon in which he plays all positions
Correct
That phonecall between Wheeler and Feynman must have been some sort of a *_hits blunt_*-moment.
I'm going to tell my electricity supplier I've only used one electron!
Yeah but you used it 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 times so it's going to cost you.
a. y haha they should ‘charge’ you 1/Avogadro usd.
Lol
Its about the voltage bruh.
"Why should I pay, I only used my electron!""No no no, YOU used MY Electron" "No no no no no, MY Electron"
Spoiler: it's actually a single positron, and we're the ones going backwards in time.
That's good, this way we won't see the Big Crunch that's about to happen in 13.7 bn years.
I thought Big Crunch is an outdated idea... Heat Death is all that remains?
Francisco, thedeemon means that, if we're the ones going backwards in time, then Big Bang is actually the Big Crunch.
Okay now I understand that 13.7 bn years. And this comment just got much interesting
A universe so dense, light doesn't escape itself. I call it "dead universe". It's all there, having stages and phases. But light doesn't"flow-like beams"
String theory makes the sight of stars weave and and stretch, making the light unpredictable. Gravitational impulses however may be like sending Morse codes.
But the abuse of this "impulse machine"
And the mix of high energy,
And converging it into small portal-like atom,
Making more of them, are like two bubbles merging together and so on. When the desired size has reached. It is impossible to just "let it go" or have a release button.
You could use this technology for total destruction, or harvesting different kind of fuel-stars circulation method.
Let's be honest here.
Could we adapt to higher radiation like other species have? Or we ditched Mars and lost history, some even choose to send and grow their babies somewhere safer? (sperm timer injection + artificial womb-hibernater) maybe someone's A.I could have scan us already but signal is still sending to them for a long time but hasn't got there.
The way we see stars, is how you seen them yesterday.
I like to imagine the electron getting to the end of time, panting as it tries to catch its breath for a few seconds, then chugs a Gatorade super fast before turning around and bolting off the way it came :)
"Now that we completely understand the fundamental nature of antimatter..."
Excuse me?
antimatter is not dark matter. I switch them all the time myself too lol. Antimatter is just opposite matter, there's nothing else to it.
I didn't confuse dark matter with antimatter. I just taught the statement was a bit funny, because he says this to the audience as if we have some intuitive understanding of the subject, which most of us don't :D
@@iamkocka6457 alrighty then :3
If theres anti matter and EMc2 then there should be anti energy aswell?
@@TheRobGuard antimatter still has regular mass, so it would just be regular energy
Opening sound and graphic.....OOPS, didn't realise my speakers were turned up so high.
Matt starts to talk.....OOPS, I must have turned it down too much.
Another graphic/sound.....WTF WHY IS IT SO LOUD!?
Matt talks again......SPEAK UP HOLY SHIT!
OMG the sound mixer must have fallen asleep doing this one.
seems fine on headphones..
So just like Hollywood levels of sound production?
+flow, nope it's exactly as described by +Shane Davis on headphones as well.
It has been like this for a long time... and while I haven't complained, I highly agree!
The universe is really just you and one guy running around really fast with a flash light.
Kurtz's just made a video
69 likes nice
????
I knew it
Its just theory.
I could have sworn til my head fell off that this was my crazy idea but it turns out these guys came up with it 100 yrs back and it was probably just something I'd heard and regurgitated out of my subconscious. I've gone very quickly from feeling really clever to just very insecure about every creative idea I will ever have.
Don’t be insecure. It’s just as likely you came to the same idea independently.
Wittgenstein put that his only success of the Tractatus Logic-Philosophicus was to be understood and enjoyed by at least one person, and this (enormously great and mysterious work) might only be understood by those who have already come to the same notions and ideas:
“Perhaps this book will be understood only by someone who has himself already had the thoughts that are expressed in it-or at least similar thoughts.-So it is not a textbook.-Its purpose would be achieved if it gave pleasure to one person who read and understood it.”
Can you explain, at least to yourself, how to came to idea?
If not, then likely it seeped in.
But hey...at least it seeped in.
But if you know what made the light bulb go off in the first place, you can lay claim to having the idea.
Just not first.
It doesn't really matter as long as your idea came about organically. You would have to live in a vacuum to come up with truly original ideas.
It’s okay to adapt the ideas of others into your own creative twist
@@deepender_neat
What if there was simply a single electron field, and what we think of as electrons are simply the points of interaction between matter and the electron field.
Makes sense i recall something actually turned out to be that way
Like ur idea
The problem is, if we consider matter to be what's oscilating through electron fields, and not electrons. Then what would be the dense nucleus that isn't oscilating? Also, what about solids? If electron fields are simply the interaction with matter, why is it that at a colder temperature matter stops oscilating through electric fields?
That’s a natural surmise. Now, do the math to prove it.
But... That is what they are
"Every time you do math, you use the same 3 as Archimedes"
- Henry from MinutePhysics
I just counted. Yup, there's 1.
:D
I checked your work. I got in my time machine and it was same one.
sarcasmo57
Lets smash it in an accelerator
i had to count too, you were right
there is one behind you :-p
tbh considering we have the "wow signal" and the "omg particle," "wtf flow" doesn't sound _that_ far out there.
I'd love it to be named like that :D
The main problem I've always seen with this is the fact that a positron and electron can be created and then annihilate with each other. That would be a separate electron in a time-loop according to this idea, although it would be interesting if it turned out that the math would be the same if we allowed those particles to have any mass, charge, etc.
Maybe there are many electrons, each stuck in its own time loop?
Why would they annihilate themselves if energy cannot disappear
This was my first thought.
@@olejakobaune8033 The energy doesn't disappear. When an electron and a positron collide, it normally creates two gamma rays, each about 511 keV (the rest mass energy of an electron). Similarly, electron-positron pairs are usually produced from the splitting of a gamma ray with energy greater than 1022 keV (the excess energy becomes kinetic energy, at least until it gets really high).
Different processes can happen, particularly when the electron and positron have extreme kinetic or potential energy, and electrons and positrons can also be created by beta decay and reactions of neutrinos with nuclei (another complication with the one-electron universe idea), but in any case energy is conserved.
The original theory by Wheeler stated that the positrons that are created as the electron is trajecting backwards in time are confined into protons.
That would explain their positive charges.
I may believe that you could derive the Pauli principle for fermions - at least for protons - from that:
Protons must be spatially separated, else due to two positive charges being created, they summon the electron at extremely high energy potentials (electroweak force) which cause further time dilation for the protons that capsule the time-backwards positrons, thereby requiring increasingly more energy to bridge that gap in space-time.
"It surrounds us, and penetrates us; it binds the galaxy together" - Obi-Wan Kenobi
"penetration"
Thomas Valen surrounded, penetrated, and bound
@@pinkfloydguy7781 sounds like the wrong party☹️
Neutrinos.
Oh the force was a electron
I'm GOING to understand this one!
I'm going to understand.. this one..
I'm .. going to..
Um..
-plays next vid
I'm GOING to laugh on this one !
I'm going to laugh.. on this one..
I'm .. going to...
Um..
- watches another comment
I know the feeling. I start so positively, then as the seconds tick by, and I am following less and less, I blame the host for talking too fast. Yeah, that's it!
Kent Hoyt you can always slow down the video. But, let's be honest, we both know that's not the reason why we all can't comprehend the one electron hypothesis. 😢
I've been squirreling on the idea of FTL travel for years and it led me to this vid. It helps IMMENSELY. Thank you!
Not your fault, explanation sucks. Other vids clearer.
9:13 "hey everyone, now that we COMPLETELY UNDERSTAND the fundamental nature of antimatter..."
Oh yes, I understand, 100%
Yeah and why there's more matter than antimatter.... Totally
In "Surely you're joking Mr. Feynman" I recall that Feynman said that they looked into the one electron theory and it didn't work mathematically. It was supposed to be an example of how novel theories aren't very meaningful if they don't pass the tests of the scientific method.
A close analogy would be CRT screens. An electron gun creating a pixel on the screen can be thought of as the "one" electron. Then sweeping it across the screen at very high speed creates an image. It looks like we have so many pixels but in reality it is just one pixel present at so many points at the same time (given persistence of vision of-course). This one electron universe makes some sense to me.
nice
Really???
Lol !
That is how exactly old TV sets work!!!
I like your way of thinking
_"Actually, it's slightly more complicated than that."_
I propose a Hofstadter's rule for physics:
_It's slightly more complicated than you think, even when you take into account Hofstadter's rule for physics._ 😉
Wheeler: there is only one electron
Pauli exclusion principle:I'm I joke to you
@Brad Mayo explanation?
For dark matter and singularities and even Bose-Einstine condensates, super symmetry unification energy, ...
YES,...
Pauli's Exclusion principle is ineffective.
LOL LOL LOL I don’t get it LOL LOL LOL
My son (15) asked me this and I couldn‘t answer: What happens when this single electron crosses the event horizon of a black hole? Is it going to come back because it can move backwards in time?
All black holes evaporate through so called hawking radiation. If you watched this topic, hawking radiation should be pretty easy to grok
Supersonic Tumbleweed 1. I had to look up „to grok“ (my English isn‘t that advanced it seems).
2. I now have an amateur understanding of Hawking radiation.
3. I gather the single electron obviously can wait to get back in the game via Hawking radiation since has all the time in the world. But I still can‘t figure, still equipped with this merely amateurish understanding, whether it can skip the evaporation wait and in principle happily go wherever it pleases by backwards time travelling.
Someone wanna chime in?
@@volkerwiedersheim If a positron would fall into the black hole then yes. But the problem with that is that anti-matter, which positron is, would be repelled by normal matter black hole? I am not sure how that works
Maybe reverse time gravity repells instead of attracts...
Well if a electron world line moves past an event horizon and then back out, you would see an electron and a positron fall into a black hole. But you can also have another world line showing an electron and positron generate just outside the horizon and come out from the hole, appearing as Hawking radiation. In one electron theory, these would be part of the same world line, connected somewhere, either inside or outside the black hole. I wish I could easily show a picture here.
I for one approve of "WTF Flow" and "Discombobulating Energy".
It's my electron. You can't have it!
But mom said it was my turn! 😢
I enjoy O'Dowd ...he reminds me of a full sized Peter Dinklage
The one electron theory is a lesson to all scientists that no matter how crazy your theory is, it might actually spark some creativity in someone else. You should never dismiss an idea just because it seems impossible
Now I got evil plan to stop electron in spacetime.
no plz
No easy feat
That would litterally break all of the universe
Yes, break the universe
I mean ok but it already did all its past and future movements, you're just locking it in the present
Why does everyone seem to presume that the observable universe is a good proxy for the entire universe? Couldn't the imbalance of matter and anti matter just be a localised phenomenon?
Do you want to say positrons were created together with electrons and then somehow moved faster than light to escape the observable universe? We see light from big bang as CMB radiation, we see all the matter that moved slower than light since then (in observable region), and we don't see any signs of big chunks of anti-matter.
Well for one thing it involves invoking incredible chances, (Beyond astronomical that we just 'randomly' ended up as a patch like this.) for another it isn't testable, the outside universe could contain anything. You may as well say God did it.
Science assumes a testable in-universe reason for everything as that's the only way it can advance, anything else is just giving up.
That doesn't seem correct to me.
Firstly we already have the goldilocks principle applied to many aspects of why were here (and I mean scientific reasons) from why this planet and its location, the laws of physics themselves, and even which of the multiverses were in.
Secondly, science also involves thinking and deducing, and as above includes theories about other universes. If we can apply that principle to other universes, I don't see why it cannot be applied to our own.
So other than dismissing the idea, I come back to my original question "Why does everyone seem to presume that the observable universe is a good proxy for the entire universe?"
I'm pretty sure we already established that matter didn't end up uniformly distributed across the universe, why presume matter and anti-matter got a smooth distribution?
Because they get born together. For every particle of matter created, at the same time and place an antiparticle gets born.
If the positron is in fact Wheeler’s single electron traveling back in time, are all positrons-like the electron-homogeneous? Do they also have the same mass and the same charge? If so, this could help strengthen Wheeler’s hypotheses.
Yes they do, they are identical except their charges are opposite ^^
Same mass and same magnitude of charge... However, Dirac had a different explanation for their existence I believe
The problem with this it that there are an infinitesimal number of positrons in the Universe. They have only been made in very high power accelerators.
@@arsh9908 Thank you. Correct.
@@Kayaz48 yep, Baryonic asymmetry. Dirac's sea explains it better imo. Wheeler's hypothesis seems to be just that- a hypothesis. Pretty random, to the best of my knowledge.
"What Goes Around Comes Around - The One & Only Electron"
I often play PBS Space Time's Video's on loud whilst I'm out and about. I just watch and nod to everything being said ( when In reality, I don't have a clue ). At least everyone in McDonald's and Greggs thinks I have a PHD. Bless you, PBS :D
Lmao
HAha i do same
hahahah
Woobywooo i do this with porn at burger king
alan ross
I expect everyone thinks you have an STD. 😀
so, it is *OUR* electron.
*comunism anthem intensifies*
ruclips.net/video/MJdz3i44dIc/видео.html (HEADPHONE USERS BEWARE)
Yon Malikul Kudus Capitalist music stops
*You just started a war with the communist aliens on mars*
Mom is the electron.
Spellcheck.
Basically "The Egg" story, but for the electron.
I was thinking the same thing. Maybe this is where they got the idea for that story?
Eggs came first. There were eggs long before there were chickens.
@@TheJeremyKentBGross I think they are talking about "the egg" story from the video of "in a nutshell" ,that is very interesting by the way, and not about the egg and chicken thing
@@katerina9360 Ah. I don't know that one. I'll have to look it up.
@@katerina9360 Hmm. I don't find a spacetime video with that name.
There may only be one electron 'field'. which resonates at multiple locations where it's perceived as a 'particle' . A 'positron' occurs when it vibrates in the opposite phase. (I just made the last part up, but it sounds as valid as any other hypothesis!)
So the electron is like the Olsen twin(s)?
There is ONLY ONE Olsen girl, its just that it moves really fast left-right and that gives the illusion of two and one day I will have the proof, you just wait and see...
the only question remaining to be answered is WHY?
It's all a lie! I don't know why but it is!
mystery solved!
Wake up sheeple, wake up, before its too late
Electron is god, praise electron
yea
hail electron.
But then God was always a negative little one
Damn... Maybe 🤔
Doesn't that mean I am you and you are me because we one electron in the end 😅mind blow 😏
From what I can tell though, the one electron theory can't account for photon excitation creating a positron electron pair that then self annihilate, because the electron can't escape that interaction, it's a closed temporal loop.
The ultimate and most plausible simulation hypothesis. With this, we can understand that we and the universe are exactly like the world and characters in the film “Tron”. We’re all graphic images drawn by a damn powerful computer of higher “something”.
There can be only one electron. One electron to rule them all! :-)
Oh good, I needed to have an existential crisis today
I've been obsessing on this for a couple of decades now. I hope you can clear it all up for me.
Everyone: You cant time travel because of the grandfather paradox
The electron: Hold my charge!
One particle to rule them all..
There can be only one! Hylander
One does not simply charge-parity-time reversal into Mordor.
I always come to this channels video with a lot of excitement but always end up understanding nothing.
It's very hard to understand quantum mechanics imo. Einstein initially had a lot of trouble understanding it
i feel ya
Speed Savvy come back when you've studied more physics
Einstein never liked quantum mechanics and neither do I!
BOO
This was a good one. Mind blown. So everyone's mind is blown. Cause it's the same electron and all.
always coming back to this video, I love the idea
If you take the graph you used and wrapped it around so that the "end of time" and "beginning of time" connect (it would look like a cylinder) and assume that there isn't really an edge to the cylinder, you would find that the electron would just wrap around the graph endlessly- thus mapping the electron onto an infinite universe that would just keep repeating itself. Maybe you could even have a 'singularity'- a point where the electron meets itself an infinite amount of times, thus allowing for the expansion of space from that singular point. This representation even allows for the fact that space is expanding at a rate faster than light. after a certain point, space would start shrinking till the point of singularity and thus repeating itself. Continuing with the theory that positrons and electrons are the same thing, you could change the representation from an electron looping through the singularity to an electron that 'bounces off' of the singularity, thus changing from an electron to a positron. spacetime would still move in a circle essentially, but the electron would bounce back and forth from the singularity.
But if the Universe were to endlessly loop into itself there would surely be an infinite amount of electrons..?
That would work on a möbius strip
@@thomasstrele3231 Then: Infinite = 1
Well look at the big brain on brad
Wait, I've just thought of something. This might be wrong, however, as I'm not an expert on this topic.
For the electron to have travelled in time from the Big Bang to present, it must have had a positive sum of time travelled (13.8 billion years). If visualised (on a 2D graph with y being "universal time" and x being space, "untangled" so it only moves constantly in one direction), it would look like a chaotic squiggly line, but it would move positively through time overall.
That would mean that there would always be one more electron than there are positrons. You could flatten out all the squiggles (by antimatter annihilation) and end up with a simple line going straight up (one electron). Always, because the electron must have had an overall average "temporal speed" of 1 second per second.
But what if there were many time-travelling electrons instead of one? Well, this is what might be causing the slight imbalance between matter and antimatter!
Now it might seem obvious that matter causes matter. However, this theory (or whatever) could be a way of explaining the mentioned imbalance. Eternal "master" electrons sound way cooler than random matter asymmetry. And because this is caused by them moving through time, time itself might have some energy intrinsic to it.
This is possibly just a random 4am thought experiment and English isn't my first language, so it might be wrong and/or hard to understand. Sorry.
I think you are on to something. Publish!
If space time has a bias like an intrinsic gradient then positive matter might go forward either more or exactly as much as it goes back while antimatter is more likely to go back. This could resolve CP violation and even possibly sidestep the Big Bang singularity by placing the highest density of matter/antimatter events just after that singularity would've been.
I remember coming up with this theory in my teens. No idea what idea led to it. I played with it for a few days then forgot it. It was my way of amusing myself, but I knew of nothing I could do with the idea and eventually moved onto the next.
Very interesting and worthwhile video.
7:40 Another problem is that Feynman diagrams can contain electron-positron "islands", where a photon becomes an electron-positron pair which then becomes a photon again. It's like the diagram at 6:50 if you connected the outgoing electron to the incoming electron, making a loop.
So only photons enter and leave such a diagram but there are electrons in it. These electrons can have no connection to the One True Electron that's zigzagging back and forth across the universe. Such Feynman diagrams with islands make a measurable contribution, so they can't easily be explained away.
Bump.
While a lot of people might disagree: Internal lines in a Feynman-Diagramm are only artefacts of the pertubation expansion... sorry...
you're a dumbass
andik70 I agree... Hence "virtual" photons and such?
This is a question: What happens at the moment of time when the electron flips. There is a moment where an electron is without charge and without parity.
This is a good video to send to friends who want to engage in analytical discussion of Tenet
It's Douglas Adams "Heart of Gold" theory of the universe. Don't panic :)
Wouldn't it be interesting if the reason we see an imbalance between matter and antimatter is purely because one dominates over the other to differing degrees based on when in time you are?
:thinking:
hmmmmmmm
Keith Gaughan if we assume all the world lines are closed, that is they eventually loop back to their original location, with no world lines actually ending, then I don't think this is possible. If the lines are all continuous and finite then at any given time, if you're observing an electron moving forward in time, there would have to be a corresponding positron that is moving backward in time to become that electron.
I don't know nearly enough physics to know of that assumption about world lines all being closed is even remotely reasonable.
I always thought it was purely random. The great attractor beyond our observable universe points at the "entire" universe being bigger than what we can see (i.e. our observable universe), so it could be that we happen to exist in a patch of space that happened to have more matter than antimatter.
There could be other patches of space with antimatter with intelligent life asking the same question, or there could be patches where it's more even than in ours, in which case the entire observable universe may look entirely different.
I believe there needs to be equal number of positrons and electrons at any given time for the one-electron universe to work. However there could be some region of space where everything is mostly positrons.
Or in what direction of time you are travelling! If you are travelling in the forward direction you see electrons, but in the reverse direction they pass through our 'frame' so quickly we only observe snapshots of them. (Someone explained this in another comment)
I am really glad Agent Smith is now teaching theoretical physics.
My mind was blown in the first 30sec
Makes sense. Its abundance in the past and its sparseness in the future are reflective of its increasing and decreasing movement across the universe in both directions of spacetime.
I have an idea! Let's put a "dot" on the electron and see if they all get a dot! This way we'll know.
I'm here because of TENET
Just kidding, but this anecdote let me understand the movie in blink. Thanks pbs!
This dude is freakingly charismatic
That moment when you were a kid and you realized something could be divided into smaller and smaller and smaller pieces turns out to be insight into the highest nature of reality
Matt how you managed to make your beard super-symmetrical?
If you have an electric shaver with spacers, a mirror, and a dense enough beard (this is my problem), I assume it to be feasible. If you have an unsteady hand, you could try using a piece of paper to outline where you want to cut - I never tried that myself, though.
One side is reversed in time.
I believe that's because he had been growing it in two different dimensions, each beard being an anti-beard of the other!.!.!
Hindi songs
Perhaps all the hairs on his face are actually only one hair as with the one-electron universe :V.
This for some reason reminds me of the simulation hypothesis. A simulation, covering an infinite amount of space, that works at one equation at a time, on a sufficiently/ridiculously fast computer.
Or, imagine a 3-D printer, and imagine the nozzle represents this one electron, filling in every single particle in the universe within the scale of the smallest measurable unit of time, hence there being a potential limit to the smallest measurable unit of time possible.
I don't claim any academic background, just enjoyed the thought experiment.
What you described is similar to cellular automata. Each unit of space locally computes a single algorithm based on its neighbors. ruclips.net/video/dQJ5aEsP6Fs/видео.html
@@Jadix and to simplify things, everything is based on fractals
Really to make a computer that can simulate something that big doesnt need to do it in real time it might take a millennium to calculate a single day but for anyone in the simulated universe wouldn't be able to tell the difference time would appear normal
I'm a size etc. Nice to feel represented in the merch store.
Srpski prevod. Odlicno , hvala.
Ne pyccya.
9:35 That moment when the teacher asks you to hand in homework and you realise you hadn’t been listening.
To paraphrase Sting & The Police, "One electron is enough, for all of us..."
My favorite way of thinking of this is knitting. There is only one thread, but its continuously interacting with itself at various points along its own length
this theory is crazy hearing it for the first time
Could you please make a video on Erik Verlinde's quantum gravity and (possible) explanation of both dark matter and also dark energy?
Huh-matter, discombobulating energy, WTF Flow. I'm dead 😂
This made me laugh. It reminded me of the one shopping mall theory. A comedian theorized that shopping malls are so much alike that they much all be the same shopping mall.
This is one of my most favorite theories.
What happens after the one electron falls into a black hole?
It becomes a Hawking radiation positron.
Gareth Dean sounds right. That's basically the explanation I've heard for Hawking radiation (the stuff that black holes "emit", when gravity says nothing should be able to escape - or be emitted). Totally 'empty' space supposedly produces quark / anti-quark pairs all the time, which immediately annihilate again. If one member of the pair is JUST outside the black hole event horizon, and the other is JUST inside -- the one that escapes is the Hawking radiation. (So it doesn't really escape.) In the language of this video....if the electron truly falls in, I guess it goes back in time to escape as a positron?
This actually creates some interesting problems. If a hole absorbs a proton and electron it doesn't need to emit either as hawking radiation, it's as if it fused them into a neutron inside. Being able to do that (And do that outside of holes, which can be done in a lab) In essence mixes electrons\positrons and protons, which causes problems for the theory. (Since in essence your one particle now has to be not only electrons and positrons but ALL particles of all kinds.)
Senpai noticed me. o.o
My username is the data value (-15) used in all Animal Crossing games as the null item.
When an actual item is generated a null item disappears into the digital æther. When an actual item is destroyed a null items is instantiated to take its place.
I mean you could argue the same things about protons, neutrons, and the six kinds of quarks. They're all the same, same charge, same mass.
Excellent..... thanks 🙏
The statement of "electrons share the same everything" confuses me because according to the Pauli exclusion principle, all "identical" electrons should have separate eigenstates. If there really is only one electron, how could it maintain separate eigenstates whilst being only one particle..?
Smart feller hope he will answer this
They don't all have the same position or momentum (they can travel in different directions). In terms of the one-electron hypothesis, the Pauli exclusion principle says the electron's worldline can't trace back over itself, drawing the same path twice.
2:47 the 'e' looks like Microsoft edge logo
Omg
This is so great idea from Wheeler! What if there is no 'end of time' and no 'big bang'?
I suppose this could be partially true. Reminds me of programming tbh, when you add an element to the stage you do so by calling the class file. We create the class file to make it easier so we don't have to code the same thing over and over every time we add it. We make one class file and call it everytime we add that particular element and can do so an infinite amount of times with only having to write the code once
Are you maybe, just maybe, trying to tell us we live in a computer simulation?
A better example would be a singleton. Objects are still fundamentally separate and distinct instances of classes even if their underlying properties and methods are the same.
ALL HAIL THE CAPTIONS
Also next time use an audio equaliser
Seconded, audio is trash
As a physicist and "professor" I don't know the actual pedagogical success of this kind of videos. Anyway the interest seems to be there with almost two million views!
I am mesmerized by the narrator's hand signs. I suspect that's where the real answer lies.
What about a case of a gamma photon with enough energy to pair produce an electron-positron pair, but not enough energy to give the pair enough kinetic energy to escape each other's electric field so the two collide and annihilate.
That sounds like a new electron to me.
If the election retraces it's steps backward as a positron, following the exact the same path, the two cancel each other. If at one segment of this joint path the forward and backward motion slightly split apart, and then recombine, you get precisely the event you described: an appearance of the pair, followed by it's annihilation.
an electron stuck in a time loop bouncing back and forth between two deflection events? is it a new electron or did it find its way into the anihilation creation loop constantly flipping between a fowards time moving electron and a backwards time moving positron.
I made a simulation in which I animated a 3d cube rotating on the XY plane, and then applied a rotation on the XT plane. The results are on my channel. Anyway, the thing I noticed is that sometimes the same vertex appears in multiple positions at the same time. If you draw a graph of XT in the original animation and rotate it, you can see that it makes sense, because there are multiple X values for the same T value. I'm wondering if this has any significance in this theory. I also noticed that at some points in the animation, a vertex appears, splits into two, and goes in two different directions. One goes counterclockwise and joins the rest of the animation, and another goes clockwise, meets with one going counterclockwise, and annihilates it. I've struggled to understand the significance of my experiment, but now I'm beginning to think it has something to do with this theory. But I'm only a computer science guy, not a physicist. If you know more about this, please look at my video and help give me some clarity.
I had a similar thought concerning entangled particles. That they are actually a single particle viewed in two different places. Like looking at opposite sides of the same coin. They appear separate from our perspective but the universe may not see them the same way.
This theory would make more sense if the electron wasnt bound to our rules of linear time.
If something doesnt follow the progression of time it should in theory be able to exist anywhere and any time at once without travelling to that point.
Simplified example: a security guard watching screens of all existance at once who can poke in where ever he wants on his screens, being able to rewatch the record over and over without having to travel back first (which takes out the need of there being the same ammount).
Wouldn't a single-electron universe hypothesis imply the total number of apparent electrons in the universe could vary wildly as time advances, as threads pop into and out of the present?
Yes, but each variation would be matched with a positron so the total electrons - positrons would be zero. The fact that it's NOT zero suggests the theory is just a cute idea.
Don't some of the diagrams have an electron producing a photon and a positron spontaneously?
As virtual particles, never as ones that can actually do something OUTSIDE of the diagram. They can basically be ignored.
It would, but it also depends if you count the single electron as creating additional energy in the form of the break in the law of energy conservation
Matt looks like a younger, less chubby George Lucas.
Great video PBS, thanks
This explains the lack of antimatter in the universe. If there is a point origin, and it were "polarized" in time, then there are two universes separated by a zero moment.
Wow! I spend hours and hours within youtube over the year, in order to search for interesting ideas about fundamental physics. And I have been disappointed so many times by so many videos that mostly just repeat that "we know everything"- and "QED is so well tested"-hype. But sometimes I come accross some really (!) interesting ideas! Like this one. Really, thank you for the video! This really is an amazing idea that might be worth to think about more deeply.
Especially this interacts with many of my considerations that really concern Gedankenexperiments whith one-particle-universes. Because there are really strange conclusions that can be made in such universes regarding the nature of rotation and position. But I never had the idea to consider such a universe as THE "real one"^^ This is really an intriguing simple idea!
My desperate considerations have been driven all the time by the idea, that space and time do not exist fundamentally but are only manifestations of the relationsship between objects and processes. But within this one-particle-picture they would only be the manifestations of the selfinteraction of just one thing. This is just such a crazy fancy idea! I am really excited!
Maybe it would also solve the problem of overcomplexity of quantum field theory that results from the high-dimensionality of multiparticle states. This problem is more or less the reason why in quantum field theory it is not really possible to calculate any dynamical behaviour of things (which in my opinion should be the purpose of any physical theory)
Whoever told you that "we know everything" probably shouldn't make science videos.
All Hail our ELECTRON GOD
And we are all Gods