How to grafcinate the olive tree with beard pen

How to graft olive trees, first
* What is vaccination?
The vaccination process means the installation of part of a plant (bud or pen) and its union with another plant to form a new independent plant, called the plant on which it is originally installed to benefit from the root group, while the other plant that grows the vegetative and fruit total is called bait, and the vaccination process is one of the methods of vegetative propagation
* Why do we vaccinate?
- Vaccination until the item is changed
- Vaccinate fruitless and old olive trees
- Grafting fruit trees that are small and low infruit meat and are undesirable to eat or to extract their oil with types known for their good productive and profitable qualities.
- Vaccinate olive seedlings on seed assets of one or two years old
- Vaccinate wild bushes with desirable varieties
- Vaccination to enter production early
- Vaccination of items that are not compatible with climatic conditions
- Replying some unsolicited items in marketing with those that are in high demand
- Changing olive varieties that are hypersensitive to fungal diseases such as wilting and peacock eye staining with other less sensitive varieties
- The introduction of pollinated varieties with the aim of increasing mixing pollination and thus increasing production
2- Pen vaccination
Pen vaccination is carried out in several ways: in the method of lingual or suti vaccination, incision vaccination and bareal vaccination. The three methods converge in the success rate, but the easiest to implement and apply in most commercial nurseries are
Whip or lingual vaccination
A. Linguistic vaccination
The original is cut to the appropriate height and run wild on it inclined from the top side with a length of 2.5-4 cm, and in general the length of the wilderness ranges 2-3 times the diameter, then we make an incision in the form of a tongue of 1-1.5 cm long starting from the end of the last third of the clip (wild) from the thin
An inclined wilderness is made at the bottom of the vaccination pen and a tongue-shaped incision is 1-1.5 cm long starting at the end of the last third of the (wild) section on the thin side, matching the wilderness of origin upon installation. The two wilds are applied to each other in both origin and taste so that the two tongues interfere with each other. The grafting area is attached to polyethylene strips or raffia fibers after ensuring that both origin and taste are fully matched.
- It is similar to black vaccination, but it differs from the action of the tongue in the form of an incision inside the wild to increase the area of fusion surfaces and the cohesion of the taste with the original, which increases the success rate of vaccination.
Note: If it is not possible to secure vaccination pens with a diameter similar to that of origin (the diameter of origin is larger than the diameter of the bait), which does not match the tissues with each other, we make a unilateral match between the taste and the origin and tie them well to the vaccination ligaments and cover the wounds with vaccination wax
Use cases:
Used to vaccinate small assets with low-thin thickness branches.
When the origin and taste are one thickness
B. Incision vaccination
This grafting is done by cutting the original in the bait area horizontally and flat in the middle of the grafting section. The bait is prepared to contain at least one knot and cut over a bud horizontally and cut below it from both ends inclined and in such a way that the angle between the shear level is less than 30 ° C. The This vaccination is observed in the field after the possibility of sub-zero hypothermia has passed.
Use cases:
Used to vaccinate assets with large diameter branches.
Old trees.
C. Alfal vaccination with beard pen
Divided into two parts either peripheral erminary or lateral erminous.
This operation takes place in the period of succulent, where it is easy to separate the bark from the wood from late February to early May.
We do this when it is intended to change the variety of large trees, where the desired variety can be installed on the main branches that make up the structure of the tree. It is not recommended to cut all branches of the tree and vaccinate them at once, but vaccination is carried out in stages (2-3) years because grafting all branches at once weakens the tree, and the

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