Triarchic Approach - Robert Sternberg's Theory of Successful Intelligence

Robert Sternberg’s Theory of Successful Intelligence also called the Triarchic Approach.
Educational Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Conventional views of intelligence favour individuals who are strong in memory and analytical abilities.
As a result the individuals who may have the talents to do well in life may be labelled as unintelligent, whereas some of those labelled as intelligent may not have what it takes to succeed in life.
There are many definitions of intelligence, although it is typically defined in terms of a person’s ability to adapt to the environment and to learn from experience.
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Sternberg defines Successful intelligence as “one’s ability to set and accomplish personally meaningful goals in one’s life, given one’s cultural context”
According to Sternberg, intelligence cannot merely be defined by IQ tests such as the Stanford-Binet scale; rather, it should be defined in terms of how you perform in your everyday world.
People who are successfully intelligent are able to define and achieve their own idea of success within their culture. They are skilled at adapting to and modifying their environment to fit their needs.
an individual that is considered intelligent in one culture might not be considered so in another.
There are Three components of successful intelligence: analytical, creative and practical intelligence. It is not enough to possess these components, One must also know when and how to use these components in order to be effective and responsible, that's where Wisdom or Emotional Intelligence kicks in.
Analytical Intelligence
Have you ever been told that you're "book smart"? That’s a compliment about your analytical intelligence, also known as componential intelligence, is your ability to solve problems, process information well, and do well in school.
People with strong analytical intelligence are good at:
Problem-Solving, Processing Information, Completing Academic Tasks
They usually excel in:
IQ Tests: Like the Stanford-Binet scale.
School and College Exams: Including subjects like math quizzes.
Critical Thinking Skills: Analyzing and evaluating information carefully.
Looking at Problems from Different Angles: Considering multiple perspectives to understand and solve issues.
Creative intelligence is about using what you already know to deal with new and unusual situations. It’s sometimes called experiential intelligence because it involves drawing from past experiences.
People with strong creative intelligence:
Have Great Insight, the Use Their Imagination and come up with Original Ideas
Unlike analytical intelligence, which is often measured by tests, creative intelligence is harder to test and is often overlooked.
Practical or contextual Intelligence is also sometimes called being "street smart," is about using what you know and your creativity to handle real-life situations and achieve your goals.
Here’s what practical intelligence involves:
Adapting: Changing yourself or your approach to fit new or challenging situations.
Shaping: Adjusting your environment or the way things are done to better meet your needs.
Selecting: Choosing the best strategies or actions to achieve your goals.
In simple terms, practical intelligence helps you make smart decisions and solve everyday problems effectively. It's about applying your analytical and creative skills in practical ways to succeed in life.
Wisdom or Emotional Intelligence is our ability to know when to apply which ability to achieve our goals in our own community. While ensuring that our ideas will help enrich our community and even the world we live in as an empowering, respectful and responsible contribution according to our personal and communal norms and values.
The sub-theories in Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence have three types of mental processes:
Meta-components that enable us to keep track of, control, and assess our mental processes to make better decisions, solve problems, and prepare for the future.
Performance components that allow us to put the plans and decisions made by the meta-components into action. And
Knowledge-acquisition components which assist us in gaining new knowledge that will aid us in carrying out our plans.
Conclusion
theory iterates practicality, has been the subject of several criticisms and challenges throughout the years. Educational psychologist Linda Gottfredson, for example, claims that the theory lacks a solid empirical foundation and that the data presented to support it is not adequate.
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