EXCELLENT !!!! EXCELLENT !!!! The more I listen to John the more I appreciate his knowledge !!!! He always boils history down to something a relative uneducated guy like myself can actually understand, like history how we treat each other. We are a very strange species with so much of our efforts put on proving /convincing others "I am Right". "Those that know do not know. Those that do not know, KNOW" When will we learn to appreciate and value our differences ???? "That which is hateful to you, do not to your Fellow" Hillel. GOOD LUCK HUMANITY !!!!
Actually the last vestige to fall wasn't Constantinople. The Morea (including Patras) fell in 1460, and Trabizond in 1461. This left the Principality of Theodoro, in southern Crimea, which fell in 1475.
Superb knowledge covering in depth periodization and integral parts of formidable Roman empire's history. Deciphering personal , omnipresent traits of multifarious rulers allows for a more limpid, accurate view of the Roman empire
Khor or Chora Church in Istanbul has the most gorgeous Byzantine frescoes inside. Sadly, the church is not mentioned in the Wikipedia article about Istanbul. And there are other gorgeous churches, so make sure if you go to Turkey, you get a good guide book. The town in Anatolian Turkey where the Council of Nicea took place is now a Muslim city, Iznik, known for it awesome porcelains with tri color flowers and also tricolor peacock designs: Ottoman Iznik ware. The Islamic Art Museum in Istanbul is not far from the Hagia Sophia. It has a large room filled with Ottoman Iznik ware and you can photograph every piece
Split, Croatia still has a big white tower remaining from Diocletian's Palace, very beautiful, and there is a huge Roman amphitheater up the coast in Pula, and a fantastic church with interior mosaic walls similar to what you find in Palermo, Sicily is located in a town on the northern Croatia border. The most beautiful mosaic churches in the world are in Palermo, Sicily.
In the triumphal arc commemorating constantines victory over his rival, there is no indication of his christian conversion. But there are greco roman gods like apollo
A bit different from the normal topics but maybe inferring from history a lecture on how you think religion might change or even be completely different in the future
When the Emperor Constantine declared himself to be the Summus Pontifex, what followed was more than ten centuries of Dark Ages, during which time people who professed Christ rather than Mary or the Popes, people who denied transubstantiation, were fed to lions or burned at the stake. During the Dark Ages, for a common person to read the Bible was a sin for which there was no forgiveness; and so the people were spoon-fed from the papist pulpit. The Bible was said to exist only in the Latin text and the common and largely illiterate people could learn the stories that were in the Bible from paintings and stained glass windows. Those who first made the Bible available in the language of the people were killed for their trouble; but when Martin Luther quoted Paul, of all people, the Protestant Reformation began. The gospel that saves is that Christ accomplished everything needed to save you from sin and death when he died on the cross for sins.
Alike to aspects of both Albigensian & Bogomil belief, the Emperor also declined baptism until the very last moments of his life. It seems to be a neglected, even forgotten aspect of his life.
Excellent lecture as usual - thank you It was interesting that you said The Logos has many names and paths throughout our earth - C.S.Lewis hinted at that thought in his Narnia books - the children asked Aslan (his name in Narnia) if He exsisted in other worlds; Aslan said 'He does, but is known by other names'
I label myself Christian, raised Catholic and Methodist (divorced parents), I am attracted to Orthodoxy but want no part of organized religion in any form
But if u know the Catholic Roman history, then how could u not b one? Yes Protestantism is the weaker and more corruptable part but either one I would say if u truly believe will save u. Read your Bible with Catholic goggles then c how u think of it. As a Traditional Latin Catholic, I would say the Novus Ordo Mass is good but the lesser of the two period. Again both r good but also u have to know your faith and have a good doctrine of it so u can find a good church with great priest's and that's almost always the TLM. Without an organization wut do u have? Something easily corrupted also. Even Christ had a judas. Good luck brother, to each their cown. I figured I might give u something to ponder more...
I think Hinduism only survived universalist religions because the structure of castes already created a de-facto apparatus for the Hindu religion. They also had sacred texts. Your lecture was great! God bless.
God was using those visions because you coukd deeply relate to them. It was a tool and it worked. Everyone has an experience that will most resignate with them. It existed only for you. Tgere is no ongoing hell. It worked for you and will benefit those who hear your story and have a belief in that particular construct.
When in Britain Constantine and his father stayed at the Roman city verulamium, on their journey from London to York. Where his father died and Constantine was proclaimed Emperor. ..the ruins of verulamium are 5 mins walk from my house, its amazing the history of that city, apart from boudicca destroying it in the 1st century, other famous emperor's such as Hadrian, Maximus, stayed so close to where I live. It was more than just 'a wall' it had towers and forts built on to it from end to end. It wasn't to stop the tribes north of the wall from raiding the south. Before the wall was built Celts in that part of Britain had lands which covered both sides of the wall. Britain was an island of Celtic kingdoms, there was no border separating north from south. The wall just denoted the end of the Roman empire. Archaeological evidence shows the forts were attacked from the south, and that's why vindolanda and other forts were built further south of the wall . Celts both sides were angry because the wall went through lands belonging to both.
As you said, paganism focused on everyday life. As people begin to think about life after death, isn't it pragmatic to fill this with a different religion to appease the masses.
The Council of Nicaea, which OFFICIALLY established Jesus as God for the first time in Christianity, was organized by a Roman emperor named Constantine, who was a pagan and not a Christian, and was only baptized shortly before his death. 1. He chose which priests and churches would be invited, thereby arranging the "majority" and "minority" positions at the Council of Nicaea. 2. Nicaea, Anatolia, was an area where the majority of the population opposed Arianism, the doctrine that believed Jesus was not God. Thus, it is clear that Constantine did not need to be actively involved in the council, as the participants had already been "selected," the environment was "arranged," and therefore the outcome of the voting decisions was likely predictable by Constantine.
"Its part of the long and complicated history of all of this" I like how "this" is inserted in place of whatever proper noun we want to use. (Christomdom, christianity, etc). I think though there needs to be some reasoning as to what triggered christianinity and what caused it to gel. Christianity was gelling into a parallel belief system before constantine adopted it. To understand what happened we need one key fact that John sort of avoids. Early followers of John the Baptist, many of them were mystics. And when he was killed the followers divided in various camps, and the Yeshu_ movement was one such camp, at this point they were a jewish movement, but the activities of herod, herodians, and saduccees made it increasingly made it difficult to reside in galillee or judea. Yacov the pious managed to stabilize the Jerusalem movement by making the followers less fringey, but they were what they were and they (many mystics) left. In John's diagram he shows the valentenians and the gnostics branching of the Pauline church, but this buries several other issues or places of thought origins, for example an equally important part of the sethians was born out of a Afro-Arabian Jewish sect. The fact is that the itenerate "christians" were of various and sundry beliefs they developed through their mysticism, and to develop these ideas they need to leave Israel or risk peril on the Yacovian movement. As they left the interacted with other mystical belief systems. By the end of the first century there are at least a dozen divergent lines of greco-chistian, judeo-christian, or eastern-christian [all psuedonyms] and these expanded into the second century. For example Epiphanese of the carpocratians was taken as a dying and rising god when he died at a young age. We need to imagine protochristianity as a radiation of belief that continued to expand up until the bar-koftka revolt in which self-identification as jewish in the roman empire became problematic. And here the Yahweh god becomes problematic as well as those who the romans thought were practicing magus. By the time of Iraneaus, whose antecedent was polycarp, as so martyred, put the elders and scholar in the ecclesia at risk, looked at a large swath of belief practices as kind an eye-sore to romans. So started the process of conformalization. Key to this process is the absorption of the gospel of John, which is canonical hingepoint of orthodox doctrine. We see in the text extensive use of greco-roman ideas, the logos, neoplatonism, the memesis with the bacchae, etc. From the late second century on christianity, the philosophical movement is drawing not only pagan motifs, but text which embody more centic views (e.g. luke, matthew, and mark) and excuding text like the hetero gospel of tomas, peter, mary. As christianity draws these acceptable pieces in, its pushing the unacceptable pieces out in acts of self preservation, not neccesarily to win the Emperor, but to stave off his wrath. But there is a key point to be made about the gospel of John, this made by Pagels. The problem in the gospels up to John was that the coming messiah didnt come. And while there were full preterist running around (probably the most mystical of the radiant sects). People wanted their heaven on earth to be visible to them. And so Gospel of Tomas and John provide an higher order elective path in the elective religion, just like gnosticism and marcionism. But John could be interpreted two ways, the elect would come to understand its true meaning, and hopefully not offend the romans in doing so.
Did God create a perpetual memorial to the crucifixion and resurrection on day five of creation? Does this prove that the crucifixion happened and how? "THE CRUCIFIX FISH TESTIFIES" Look it up.
@@brisadelcastillo2840 There's a crab off the coast of Japan that carries a samurai on its back. Heikeopsis japonica. Look it up. Pareidolia (/ˌpærɪˈdoʊliə, ˌpɛər-/; also US: /ˌpɛəraɪ-/) is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus, usually visual, so that one sees an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none.
Constantine is a saint in the Catholic Church as well, but only in the Eastern liturgies. The reason the Roman Catholic Church de-sainted him is a complicated thing tied to the 11th century Schism(s). However, he was originally a saint in Catholicism as well. In more modern times, the Catholic Church has not made the move to re-saint him because they now accept that Church history lied about Constantine's orthodoxy. Historically he swayed back and forth between Arianism and Orthodoxy and at one point started exiling Orthodox bishops he originally agreed with in Nicaea. Most damning to the Church, however, is that he was baptized by the Arian bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia. This means Constantine was technically Arian and therefore a heretic. The Orthodox tradition ignores all this. They simply reject the real history.
I think it's because he had his family wacked. I don't blame him but if u look into the saints with the exception of st Paul, he isn't a saint also he never performed a miracle. He is considered a very good man and the greatest emperor but not a Saint. Maybe were wrong but I'm sure Constantine isn't to mad...
What impact did Constantine and his new established council have on the bible? Is it true they revised the whole scriptures and decided what was kept and what was not appropriate and eliminated? Or is this a myth?
I mean I would disagree on Constantine not really knowing anything of Christianity. There were many soldiers who were converts, u look at all the yrs of persecution. There were many Roman converts hence the wonderful Roman church. His mother is a Saint and so one has to believe her son had some wut of a secret knowledge of Christianity. This is ultimately y he had this vision and also y he became great. Great video, love the length of all this great history is truly amazing.
@@battleborntj How so? Prove historia wrong and I'll say bravo but if not, well then u need to research MORE. The smartest person in the room won't b you even if u still think so.
it was a civil war conflict ..as of history n christianity he was in amist the struggle saw a cross sign at some bridge as a sign and take on make his soldier wear it banner fight under the cross and won the fight..after victory he adopted christianity as state religon
😀Hello, I've been listening to your very informative videos and am very interested in these subjects and eager to learn about these subjects.... Could I please be honest with you with my opinion??? I'm finding the way in which you deliver your incredible information with your voice terribly boring and difficult to keep engrossed. I don't really know how to explain it but you don't sound passionate about your subjects. It's like you just can't wait to get to the end. Your voice keeps going up at the end of each sentence as though it's boring you to distraction to deliver each sentence of the information or as if you are reading it sentence by sentence. I do wish you could teach by delivering this wonderful information with real passion and emotion. Hope you forgive me for being so honest but I'm sure you yourself and all of us would greatly benefit if you sought out a teacher who could offer instruction to you on improving your need to keep the viewer engaged, free of boredom and not fall asleep from your voice and how you deliver the information. Your videos could be so mind blowing otherwise. Really want to engage with your material but you know 😴💤😴💤...🫤🙁
And changed the bible don't forget that. Boiled his wife in oil and changed the calendar we use today. He's considered the antichrist of that time. People just don't know
Wisdom 7 30 for light must yield to night, but against Wisdom evil cannot prevail. Matthew 17:26 “From others,” Peter answered. “Then the children WORDS SOWN BY HOLY SEED CHRIST are exempt,” Jesus said to him.
Came here knowing everyone in the comments was going to suddenly be a Ph.D in Theology & History, as well as knew Constantine personally lol. You gotta love some goof with a name of random letters & numbers, who always knows better than the experts.
The beautiful ancient Roman ruins of Palmyra, Syria--I am referring to the map of the Palmyrene Empire--these ruins were destroyed when ISIS entered Syria from Iraq around 2,005 as a result of being pushed out of Iraq caused by the US invasion. I photographed these ruins in 2,004 during Ramadan while US soldiers were murdering Iraqis in their homes in Al Falujah. The longest Roman colonnade ever built in Aphemia, Syria was destroyed by ISIS along with numerous Byzantine sites. The National Museum in Baghdad was also looted, but the oil ministry was saved.
Good presentation except for anything regarding Christian spirituality or the Gnostic side. Just the fact that all spiritual material like Apocrypha was edited out of the Bible by these Romans makes a massive change to original Christianity. Also the Hindu religions do not qualify as paganism because there are historical ties to many of the gods, like the Bible.
It is interesting, that the two giants, who moved Christianity in a particular direction, first away from Judaism. Secondly, integrated state religion, converted to Christianity after seeing a vision or having a dream that moved them to accept the religion, constantine and Paul. And neither being Jewish. Yet embracing that which could be seen as a child of Judaism or an outgrowth of it, but both also integrated into platonic thought and polytheism and look where it’s gotten us lol.
at that time mainland europe and italia was dirt poor and not as strong wealthy as istanbul for one major reason it is cross rd to egypt grain wealth supply out of africa trade routes north-south-west junction capital is a very smart base camp to be on the wealthier richer stronger side..plus rome can only access by long sea distance going only straight to him as port and alp-east rd route..a military trade supply position stagiic calculated decision ..
Constantine only formalized what was already a reality, he did the right thing in settling differences and understood that sectarianism inevitably leads to separatism and this to disaster on the society, he simply did not took the risk of playing "everyone is free to do what they want", had it not been so, so many people claiming versions of the same religion would have created an ever increasing problem, Constantine understood the how dangerous was this threat for society and acted decisively by forcing the bishops and theologians of the time to agree, what is true and what is false, who is right and who is wrong based in the simple truth, in the gospel, Christ founded only one church, not many, What is said about him today.. or rather, against him, is pure nonsense cringe, "he did this, he did that,".. people clinging to their own personal opininons and their customized self-comfortable version of "christianity", specialy in the U.S, a country in wich every year, tens of new sects appear claiming to be the true one, right now christianity is seriously damaged and cracked thanks to sectarianism.
Octavian was a very successful general?! What? No. Octavianus himself was only a rather successful and lucky operator, but had no military aptitude. Actually, he was a disaster on the battlefield and tended to "get sick" whenever a battle was to be fought. However, he had a very successful "general" (military and even a navy leader) Agrippa at his side to plan and command his battles. Without Agrippa, Marcus Antonius/Marc Anthony would've prevailed in conflict between him and Octavianus. And, BTW - FEWER is a good word, use it instead of LESS, when appropriate! Eg. around 6:15 - it's "fewer farmers, fewer estates, fewer merchants..." not "less". So annoying, just as using adjectives in place of adverbs. EDIT: Game of Thrones was filmed (the Croatian location - King's Landing, Qarth...) in (architecturally, Baroque and Venetian Renaissance influenced) Dubrovnik (at the tail end - to the east - of Croatia's coastline), not in Split, which is around the centre of eastern coast of Adriatic sea. As for Diocletian, he was born in the city of Salona (present-day Solin), which was very near Spalato and is now sort of suburb of Split. He built himself a town-palace to retire near his birthplace, knowing there were sulphur springs, deemed medicinal, nearby. So to the present day, the poshest part of Split's centre reeks of rotten eggs, especially in the summer, on days with no wind.
@@senefelder Korčula. But the main thing was Dubrovnik. Say, Diocletian's palace wasn't in GoT, neither were Prokurative, or any other known landmarks. However, Dubrovnik's walls, St. Dominic street in the old town - Cersei's walk of shame), baroque Jezuit staircase, Ploče gate (Red Keep gate) - one of two bridged gates into old town and Arboretum (Qarth market)... all well known sites. Oh, and Knežev dvor (Dodge's palace), too. Those are the big ones, but I recognised many other streets, vistas, passages...
Constantine was a pagan till his death. He reused to be baptized. He was a politician, not a Christian. He changed Christianity into "CHURCHIANITY" . Changing the Christian ten commandments to suit his political needs. The Catholic {which means "universal") church has broken every one of the ten commandments including and especially thou shall not kill. They murdered (in the most horrible ways imaginable) anyone who did not comply. The word "heretic" comes from the Greek word " HERITICOS" and the meaning is... wait for it... ABLE TO CHOOSE. GOD GAVE US FREE WILL. THE CATHOLIICS KILLED YOU FOR IT. The famous Spanish inquisition wasn't just in Spain. They brutally killed all Europeans ( and more) who would not OBEY.
@@Bcfcuklhpwalker Constantine mother helena was Greek Whatever made you think she was British ? Maybe you're getting confused with Constantine becoming declared as emperor while he was in England .
Pity Christianity is no longer practiced the same way as in Constantine's time. I think JC would be grabbing a whip and flipping tables Edit to add: same way as in Christ's time. Not Constantine's time Bloody autocorrect
@@TheKrispyfort christianity in the 4th century ( Constantine's time) was divided into different sects, each with their own version of what it meant to be a Christian . Theodosius 1st, emperor 60 or 70 years after Constantine death , outlawed paganism and any Christian sects that didn't join and accept his version were wiped out. But when his wife died he had her deified and minted coins with her portrait replacing his . So the Romans obviously didn't completely abandon their pagan ways by the 5th century. I guess it took a few centuries before Christians were on the same page so to speak. Even in the 7th century ad they were celebrating Easter at different times in other countries, until the synod of whitby When they met in England to agree on a single date for Easter for all Christians.
Thank you for this lecture. It was very very enjoyable. Although, i do respectfully disagree on point. I do not believe that Constantines conversion was genuine at all. For a few reasons. After his "vision" and victory, what praise was given to Jesus? He built a giant monument in his own honor. He built a 40 ft tall statue of himself with a sun crown adorned on his head, and built a city and put his name on it. Seems a bit narcissistic for someone that was given victory by God Himself. Lol. Also, he was only baptized ( converted) on his death bed. I absolutely think he seen an opportunity to easily take control of a large, growing number of people and be able to put himself at god status with some of the other Ceasars. He was at that point able to secure the title of divinley inspired and the one that stole and gained the favor of the Jewish messiah. Just my personal thoughts, but im fairly certain he was a narcissistic A-hole.
If u read the Bible u should know the y, the who , and the where of our tru Faith and how to make it to Heaven and with not to do and how to not make it.
I've read the bible, I was catholic, I went to Sunday school and bible classes during the week after school. Explain to me why God made a talking snake ? Why did God make a perfect garden but then planted a tree Adam and Eve were forbidden to eat the fruit ? It was a set up, Who made God ? Why was God the last of all religions, paganism was around since the Stoneage hunter gatherers started worshipping the moon and the sun .
@@joeychicago6322 what proof, everyone except Christians know there isn't any proof . No proof that the exodus happened, no proof the 10 commandments were zapped into a slab of stone . No proof of jesus, Christianity is just a different name for people who are really pagan but don't realise it .
As a Catholic the Trinity isn't confusing . They r one period. Read the Nicean Creed. It is a higharchy but yet Jesus is the only way to the father and of course also we have their Spiritu Sancti in us who is the voice of them. Some things ultimately r a mystery but a wonderful one at that. I very much do agree with thee heretic slap of st Nicholas period!! If we disagree today which is rare we have to correct each other, it is our duty. As good follower's we should all know this period!!
I'm baptized catholic, Christians dont all agree with each other If they did there would only be ONE church , But since protestantism split the church into 30 different versions, it's all become meaningless nonsense.
@@kevwhufc8640 just because they wrote it doesn't make them anything. Wut were they? Catholic because if u actually do some research into the early martyrs and the underground churches were the Apostles mainly st Peter and st Paul performed the Holy Sacrifice vof the Mass. The Catacombs, I mean it's bright there. Y don't U look up who st Linus was and maybe u will b enlightened. The Orthodox is another one, well it's simple where did they brake from? Know your historia my friend. The new testament is Catholic book period. Read in our lense then try it in wut ever u are...
Protestantisim shouldn't count period! We can't forget about our Sancta Mater, she was teaching and leading many converts and followers all threw out the rest of her life on all things and places of Jesus until She was Assumed up to Celo. We know this cause there r recordings and by the Saints.
Constantine is the great is Ilir origin mean, is Albanian it’s not Greek. it is nothing to do with Greek. Even today, the churches in Albania is same style built even today what Alexander, the Great have been built with the churches. It’s not on the Greek style.
U had the desert father's and I'm pretty sure all Christians were follower's of Jesus Christ period. Paul rejected Peter twice publicly on his Judaism form of Christianity and of course the greatness of Peter he's agreed and repented so by the time of Constantine they were all today's Christians or should I say Catholicum. U know this by the ancient underground churches with all the alters that r ad orientum!!!
see a cross sign a military bridge is a code meaning junction cross over otherside signal take on n follow over this side join and together achieve victory ..then breake of crossing europe n asia water bridge is istanbul new eastern roman emperor sphere of the east...istanbul is the bridge holy cross he swa n he did exactly that
Theodosius 1st was the first emperor to outlaw paganism And make christianity the official religion of Rome, he did close some pagan temples and pulled down a few others, during his time ( late 4th century) christianity had many different sects with different ideas of what christianity was about. So Theodosius destroyed all those that didn't change to his version of christianity . Yet he remained pagan, a look at some of his coins proves it, one has his dead wife depicted as a goddess, others show pagan images on the reverse of his coins,, With so many different languages within the empire, emperors used coins to send a simple message to the people within the empire, None mention anything about christianity or outlawing paganism , because the majority of people were still pagan into the 5th and 6th centuries.
@@MonikaEscobar1965 I'm lucky to live in a town that used to be one of the biggest Roman city's in Britain ( verulamium) I search ploughed fields with my metal detector and have a good collection of Roman coins, Historians, history books, are full of errors, assumptions, based on Victorian ideas , quoting from copies of copies of so called originals, who knows how many changes or additions have been added, But coins can't be misinterpreted , or altered, from Constantine, to Theodosius and honorius, they used coins for propaganda or to depict their favourite god, all the above continued to show pagan images on the reverse of their coins. Some have a mixture of pagan and Christian, ie , goddess victory holding a banner with the chi-rho symbol. I don't trust church history, bede etc, or generic history books.
Watching this, how can one not ponder how truly lost are the people of the protestant beliefs??? Sad could be one way to explain it or maybe unfortunate is more proper...
Paganism was on the decline simply because it was becoming and it's concern on the people was declining and basically u can c with this type of culture only the ignorant keep up with it. Christianity was spreading especially threw the ranks of the military, which was important for Rome. Lust and unruly acts of selfish evil was disrupting Rome.
@darkenlightenment9773 Yes unclean idols, false God's, before Jesus walked the earth in the flesh!! Let me guess Constantine the GREAT is a bad guy right?? Misinterpreting is very strong still today sadly...
I like Constantine 1st, he was proclaimed emperor in my country, in York just a few miles north of London. He ended 80 years of bickering and uprisings, in the west and the east and united the empire under his own rule, He saved the empire from falling apart.
Yes he pushed the fake religion christianity on half of the world (or better he was the starting point along w/ Helena his mother). Ofc there were more like him later who also became popes etc. who killed and tortured millions of europeans
You’re wonderful, John! That bit about multiple paths to salvation was just perfect. Thanks for another great lecture!
I have learned so much from your lectures the last couple days. Thank you! I wish there were more channels like this explaining other religions.
I'm always impressed with the depth, care, and insight you bring to helping us understand our history and religions
, I 1😅😅😅
⁰p0⁰🎉🎉🎉90🎉😅😮😮
An outstanding lecture, as usual. Thank you very much
EXCELLENT !!!! EXCELLENT !!!! The more I listen to John the more I appreciate his knowledge !!!! He always boils history down to something a relative uneducated guy like myself can actually understand, like history how we treat each other. We are a very strange species with so much of our efforts put on proving /convincing others "I am Right". "Those that know do not know. Those that do not know, KNOW" When will we learn to appreciate and value our differences ???? "That which is hateful to you, do not to your Fellow" Hillel. GOOD LUCK HUMANITY !!!!
One of these days, I’ll catch it live again. I only got one so far. Lol! Thank you so much for these!
🎉 first person here - love these lectures thank you for amazing content
This was just a beautiful lecture; incredibly knowledgeable, easy to follow and entertaining 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
Nicely done!!!! ❤
Found this really useful as being named after Constantine.
Marathon of history, amazing, thank you
Actually the last vestige to fall wasn't Constantinople. The Morea (including Patras) fell in 1460, and Trabizond in 1461.
This left the Principality of Theodoro, in southern Crimea, which fell in 1475.
Santa has a temper. ROFL. I love your lectures!
Superb knowledge covering in depth periodization and integral parts of formidable Roman empire's history. Deciphering personal , omnipresent traits of multifarious rulers allows for a more limpid, accurate view of the Roman empire
A remarkable and exceptional presentation of complex history- thank you
Khor or Chora Church in Istanbul has the most gorgeous Byzantine frescoes inside. Sadly, the church is not mentioned in the Wikipedia article about Istanbul. And there are other gorgeous churches, so make sure if you go to Turkey, you get a good guide book. The town in Anatolian Turkey where the Council of Nicea took place is now a Muslim city, Iznik, known for it awesome porcelains with tri color flowers and also tricolor peacock designs: Ottoman Iznik ware. The Islamic Art Museum in Istanbul is not far from the Hagia Sophia. It has a large room filled with Ottoman Iznik ware and you can photograph every piece
Split, Croatia still has a big white tower remaining from Diocletian's Palace, very beautiful, and there is a huge Roman amphitheater up the coast in Pula, and a fantastic church with interior mosaic walls similar to what you find in Palermo, Sicily is located in a town on the northern Croatia border. The most beautiful mosaic churches in the world are in Palermo, Sicily.
Amazingly interesting and informative. Thank you!!!
Glad you enjoyed it!
In the triumphal arc commemorating constantines victory over his rival, there is no indication of his christian conversion. But there are greco roman gods like apollo
Learned a lot about early Christianity and Roman history😊
A bit different from the normal topics but maybe inferring from history a lecture on how you think religion might change or even be completely different in the future
That’s a lecture I’d like to hear... may be tough for a historian but great suggestion
Santa has a temper. ROFL. I love your lectures!. I second the historical Joan of Arc idea!.
When the Emperor Constantine declared himself to be the Summus Pontifex, what followed was more than ten centuries of Dark Ages, during which time people who professed Christ rather than Mary or the Popes, people who denied transubstantiation, were fed to lions or burned at the stake. During the Dark Ages, for a common person to read the Bible was a sin for which there was no forgiveness; and so the people were spoon-fed from the papist pulpit. The Bible was said to exist only in the Latin text and the common and largely illiterate people could learn the stories that were in the Bible from paintings and stained glass windows. Those who first made the Bible available in the language of the people were killed for their trouble; but when Martin Luther quoted Paul, of all people, the Protestant Reformation began.
The gospel that saves is that Christ accomplished everything needed to save you from sin and death when he died on the cross for sins.
Also a lecture on the prophet Muhammad would be interesting since you are very adept at giving an unbiased lecture
Alike to aspects of both Albigensian & Bogomil belief, the Emperor also declined baptism until the very last moments of his life. It seems to be a neglected, even forgotten aspect of his life.
Revelation 14:12
12 Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus.
Excellent lecture as usual - thank you
It was interesting that you said The Logos has many names and paths throughout our earth - C.S.Lewis hinted at that thought in his Narnia books - the children asked Aslan (his name in Narnia) if He exsisted in other worlds; Aslan said 'He does, but is known by other names'
@1:09:00 That's because we live in a society that practices freedom of religion.
I label myself Christian, raised Catholic and Methodist (divorced parents), I am attracted to Orthodoxy but want no part of organized religion in any form
But if u know the Catholic Roman history, then how could u not b one? Yes Protestantism is the weaker and more corruptable part but either one I would say if u truly believe will save u. Read your Bible with Catholic goggles then c how u think of it. As a Traditional Latin Catholic, I would say the Novus Ordo Mass is good but the lesser of the two period. Again both r good but also u have to know your faith and have a good doctrine of it so u can find a good church with great priest's and that's almost always the TLM. Without an organization wut do u have? Something easily corrupted also. Even Christ had a judas. Good luck brother, to each their cown. I figured I might give u something to ponder more...
I think Hinduism only survived universalist religions because the structure of castes already created a de-facto apparatus for the Hindu religion. They also had sacred texts.
Your lecture was great! God bless.
Great video, thank you very much , note to self(nts) watched all of it 1:04:24
God was using those visions because you coukd deeply relate to them. It was a tool and it worked. Everyone has an experience that will most resignate with them. It existed only for you. Tgere is no ongoing hell. It worked for you and will benefit those who hear your story and have a belief in that particular construct.
When in Britain Constantine and his father stayed at the Roman city verulamium, on their journey from London to York.
Where his father died and Constantine was proclaimed Emperor.
..the ruins of verulamium are 5 mins walk from my house, its amazing the history of that city, apart from boudicca destroying it in the 1st century, other famous emperor's such as Hadrian, Maximus, stayed so close to where I live.
It was more than just 'a wall' it had towers and forts built on to it from end to end.
It wasn't to stop the tribes north of the wall from raiding the south.
Before the wall was built Celts in that part of Britain had lands which covered both sides of the wall.
Britain was an island of Celtic kingdoms, there was no border separating north from south.
The wall just denoted the end of the Roman empire.
Archaeological evidence shows the forts were attacked from the south, and that's why vindolanda and other forts were built further south of the wall .
Celts both sides were angry because the wall went through lands belonging to both.
History is what happened! Nobody changed it, including Constantine!
I second the historical Joan of Arc idea!
Or Cathars, or medieval heresies, in general.
As you said, paganism focused on everyday life. As people begin to think about life after death, isn't it pragmatic to fill this with a different religion to appease the masses.
This was great! I'd love a lecture on the gospel of Peter.
So intersting. Great.
The Council of Nicaea, which OFFICIALLY established Jesus as God for the first time in Christianity, was organized by a Roman emperor named Constantine, who was a pagan and not a Christian, and was only baptized shortly before his death.
1. He chose which priests and churches would be invited, thereby arranging the "majority" and "minority" positions at the Council of Nicaea.
2. Nicaea, Anatolia, was an area where the majority of the population opposed Arianism, the doctrine that believed Jesus was not God.
Thus, it is clear that Constantine did not need to be actively involved in the council, as the participants had already been "selected," the environment was "arranged," and therefore the outcome of the voting decisions was likely predictable by Constantine.
"Its part of the long and complicated history of all of this"
I like how "this" is inserted in place of whatever proper noun we want to use. (Christomdom, christianity, etc).
I think though there needs to be some reasoning as to what triggered christianinity and what caused it to gel. Christianity was gelling into a parallel belief system before constantine adopted it. To understand what happened we need one key fact that John sort of avoids.
Early followers of John the Baptist, many of them were mystics. And when he was killed the followers divided in various camps, and the Yeshu_ movement was one such camp, at this point they were a jewish movement, but the activities of herod, herodians, and saduccees made it increasingly made it difficult to reside in galillee or judea. Yacov the pious managed to stabilize the Jerusalem movement by making the followers less fringey, but they were what they were and they (many mystics) left.
In John's diagram he shows the valentenians and the gnostics branching of the Pauline church, but this buries several other issues or places of thought origins, for example an equally important part of the sethians was born out of a Afro-Arabian Jewish sect. The fact is that the itenerate "christians" were of various and sundry beliefs they developed through their mysticism, and to develop these ideas they need to leave Israel or risk peril on the Yacovian movement. As they left the interacted with other mystical belief systems.
By the end of the first century there are at least a dozen divergent lines of greco-chistian, judeo-christian, or eastern-christian [all psuedonyms] and these expanded into the second century. For example Epiphanese of the carpocratians was taken as a dying and rising god when he died at a young age.
We need to imagine protochristianity as a radiation of belief that continued to expand up until the bar-koftka revolt in which self-identification as jewish in the roman empire became problematic. And here the Yahweh god becomes problematic as well as those who the romans thought were practicing magus.
By the time of Iraneaus, whose antecedent was polycarp, as so martyred, put the elders and scholar in the ecclesia at risk, looked at a large swath of belief practices as kind an eye-sore to romans. So started the process of conformalization. Key to this process is the absorption of the gospel of John, which is canonical hingepoint of orthodox doctrine. We see in the text extensive use of greco-roman ideas, the logos, neoplatonism, the memesis with the bacchae, etc.
From the late second century on christianity, the philosophical movement is drawing not only pagan motifs, but text which embody more centic views (e.g. luke, matthew, and mark) and excuding text like the hetero gospel of tomas, peter, mary. As christianity draws these acceptable pieces in, its pushing the unacceptable pieces out in acts of self preservation, not neccesarily to win the Emperor, but to stave off his wrath.
But there is a key point to be made about the gospel of John, this made by Pagels. The problem in the gospels up to John was that the coming messiah didnt come. And while there were full preterist running around (probably the most mystical of the radiant sects). People wanted their heaven on earth to be visible to them. And so Gospel of Tomas and John provide an higher order elective path in the elective religion, just like gnosticism and marcionism. But John could be interpreted two ways, the elect would come to understand its true meaning, and hopefully not offend the romans in doing so.
Did God create a perpetual memorial to the crucifixion and resurrection on day five of creation? Does this prove that the crucifixion happened and how? "THE CRUCIFIX FISH TESTIFIES" Look it up.
@@brisadelcastillo2840 There's a crab off the coast of Japan that carries a samurai on its back.
Heikeopsis japonica. Look it up.
Pareidolia (/ˌpærɪˈdoʊliə, ˌpɛər-/; also US: /ˌpɛəraɪ-/) is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus, usually visual, so that one sees an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none.
I always thought Constantine’s mom was a Christian from birth and that’s what influenced him to become a Christian
Constantine is a saint in the Catholic Church as well, but only in the Eastern liturgies. The reason the Roman Catholic Church de-sainted him is a complicated thing tied to the 11th century Schism(s). However, he was originally a saint in Catholicism as well.
In more modern times, the Catholic Church has not made the move to re-saint him because they now accept that Church history lied about Constantine's orthodoxy. Historically he swayed back and forth between Arianism and Orthodoxy and at one point started exiling Orthodox bishops he originally agreed with in Nicaea. Most damning to the Church, however, is that he was baptized by the Arian bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia. This means Constantine was technically Arian and therefore a heretic.
The Orthodox tradition ignores all this. They simply reject the real history.
I think it's because he had his family wacked. I don't blame him but if u look into the saints with the exception of st Paul, he isn't a saint also he never performed a miracle. He is considered a very good man and the greatest emperor but not a Saint. Maybe were wrong but I'm sure Constantine isn't to mad...
What impact did Constantine and his new established council have on the bible? Is it true they revised the whole scriptures and decided what was kept and what was not appropriate and eliminated? Or is this a myth?
I mean I would disagree on Constantine not really knowing anything of Christianity. There were many soldiers who were converts, u look at all the yrs of persecution. There were many Roman converts hence the wonderful Roman church. His mother is a Saint and so one has to believe her son had some wut of a secret knowledge of Christianity. This is ultimately y he had this vision and also y he became great. Great video, love the length of all this great history is truly amazing.
Then that would be biased
@@battleborntj How so? Prove historia wrong and I'll say bravo but if not, well then u need to research MORE. The smartest person in the room won't b you even if u still think so.
it was a civil war conflict ..as of history n christianity he was in amist the struggle saw a cross sign at some bridge as a sign and take on make his soldier wear it banner fight under the cross and won the fight..after victory he adopted christianity as state religon
😀Hello, I've been listening to your very informative videos and am very interested in these subjects and eager to learn about these subjects.... Could I please be honest with you with my opinion??? I'm finding the way in which you deliver your incredible information with your voice terribly boring and difficult to keep engrossed. I don't really know how to explain it but you don't sound passionate about your subjects. It's like you just can't wait to get to the end. Your voice keeps going up at the end of each sentence as though it's boring you to distraction to deliver each sentence of the information or as if you are reading it sentence by sentence. I do wish you could teach by delivering this wonderful information with real passion and emotion. Hope you forgive me for being so honest but I'm sure you yourself and all of us would greatly benefit if you sought out a teacher who could offer instruction to you on improving your need to keep the viewer engaged, free of boredom and not fall asleep from your voice and how you deliver the information. Your videos could be so mind blowing otherwise. Really want to engage with your material but you know 😴💤😴💤...🫤🙁
The dude murdered his own wife and son....
And changed the bible don't forget that. Boiled his wife in oil and changed the calendar we use today. He's considered the antichrist of that time. People just don't know
Thank god for the deist Founding Fathers of the USA.
Wisdom 7
30 for light must yield to night, but against Wisdom evil cannot prevail.
Matthew 17:26
“From others,” Peter answered. “Then the children
WORDS SOWN BY HOLY SEED CHRIST
are exempt,” Jesus said to him.
Great
Whats the name of this guy who is speaking on this video??
I believe John Hamer.
Came here knowing everyone in the comments was going to suddenly be a Ph.D in Theology & History, as well as knew Constantine personally lol. You gotta love some goof with a name of random letters & numbers, who always knows better than the experts.
The beautiful ancient Roman ruins of Palmyra, Syria--I am referring to the map of the Palmyrene Empire--these ruins were destroyed when ISIS entered Syria from Iraq around 2,005 as a result of being pushed out of Iraq caused by the US invasion. I photographed these ruins in 2,004 during Ramadan while US soldiers were murdering Iraqis in their homes in Al Falujah. The longest Roman colonnade ever built in Aphemia, Syria was destroyed by ISIS along with numerous Byzantine sites. The National Museum in Baghdad was also looted, but the oil ministry was saved.
propritiate? I keep kicking around learning koine greek but what's the point i don't even know english yet.
Norway was not forced into submission by the papacy until the pagan year 1030🫵
( we are members of Ski for Light, XC Skiing for low vision / blind folks
A Sons of Norway program in U.S. / Canada )
Good presentation except for anything regarding Christian spirituality or the Gnostic side. Just the fact that all spiritual material like Apocrypha was edited out of the Bible by these Romans makes a massive change to original Christianity. Also the Hindu religions do not qualify as paganism because there are historical ties to many of the gods, like the Bible.
Play @ x1.5
Start @ 40:00.
This emperor did not know the history of Pharaoh Akhenaten nor that of Pharaoh Ramesses II.
Jeremiah 9:23-24
It is interesting, that the two giants, who moved Christianity in a particular direction, first away from Judaism. Secondly, integrated state religion, converted to Christianity after seeing a vision or having a dream that moved them to accept the religion, constantine and Paul. And neither being Jewish. Yet embracing that which could be seen as a child of Judaism or an outgrowth of it, but both also integrated into platonic thought and polytheism and look where it’s gotten us lol.
Paul was Jewish, I’m quite sure about that.
Paul was a Jew named Saul, who persecuted Christians before his religious conversion.
at that time mainland europe and italia was dirt poor and not as strong wealthy as istanbul for one major reason it is cross rd to egypt grain wealth supply out of africa trade routes north-south-west junction capital is a very smart base camp to be on the wealthier richer stronger side..plus rome can only access by long sea distance going only straight to him as port and alp-east rd route..a military trade supply position stagiic calculated decision ..
Also worshipping Jesus is to also worship the Trinity. We also pray to all of them threw Jesus Christ our Lord Amen...
it simple why he chose istanbul as capital
I was told that the legionaries were Christians . Is that shown with evidence.
a military stratigy planning and winning battle
Constantine only formalized what was already a reality, he did the right thing in settling differences and understood that sectarianism inevitably leads to separatism and this to disaster on the society, he simply did not took the risk of playing "everyone is free to do what they want", had it not been so, so many people claiming versions of the same religion would have created an ever increasing problem,
Constantine understood the how dangerous was this threat for society and acted decisively by forcing the bishops and theologians of the time to agree, what is true and what is false, who is right and who is wrong based in the simple truth, in the gospel, Christ founded only one church, not many,
What is said about him today.. or rather, against him, is pure nonsense cringe, "he did this, he did that,".. people clinging to their own personal opininons and their customized self-comfortable version of "christianity", specialy in the U.S, a country in wich every year, tens of new sects appear claiming to be the true one, right now christianity is seriously damaged and cracked thanks to sectarianism.
Octavian was a very successful general?! What? No. Octavianus himself was only a rather successful and lucky operator, but had no military aptitude. Actually, he was a disaster on the battlefield and tended to "get sick" whenever a battle was to be fought. However, he had a very successful "general" (military and even a navy leader) Agrippa at his side to plan and command his battles. Without Agrippa, Marcus Antonius/Marc Anthony would've prevailed in conflict between him and Octavianus.
And, BTW - FEWER is a good word, use it instead of LESS, when appropriate! Eg. around 6:15 - it's "fewer farmers, fewer estates, fewer merchants..." not "less". So annoying, just as using adjectives in place of adverbs.
EDIT: Game of Thrones was filmed (the Croatian location - King's Landing, Qarth...) in (architecturally, Baroque and Venetian Renaissance influenced) Dubrovnik (at the tail end - to the east - of Croatia's coastline), not in Split, which is around the centre of eastern coast of Adriatic sea. As for Diocletian, he was born in the city of Salona (present-day Solin), which was very near Spalato and is now sort of suburb of Split. He built himself a town-palace to retire near his birthplace, knowing there were sulphur springs, deemed medicinal, nearby. So to the present day, the poshest part of Split's centre reeks of rotten eggs, especially in the summer, on days with no wind.
Some scenes were filmed in Split, Šibenik and other locations
@@senefelder Korčula. But the main thing was Dubrovnik. Say, Diocletian's palace wasn't in GoT, neither were Prokurative, or any other known landmarks. However, Dubrovnik's walls, St. Dominic street in the old town - Cersei's walk of shame), baroque Jezuit staircase, Ploče gate (Red Keep gate) - one of two bridged gates into old town and Arboretum (Qarth market)... all well known sites. Oh, and Knežev dvor (Dodge's palace), too. Those are the big ones, but I recognised many other streets, vistas, passages...
Greetings from CCAA Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensis aka Cologne or Kölle Köln
Oh, dear! More than two hours, I was looking forward to this.
But then you say "Kon-stan-TEEN" instead of Con-stan-TYNE.
I hope I can cope!
{:o:O:}
He took Christianity from being a crime to being required
it is not a real cross he saw in italia but it mean crossing over to ustanbul capital and set up christianity religion and cross as base
Constantine was a pagan till his death. He reused to be baptized. He was a politician, not a Christian. He changed Christianity into "CHURCHIANITY" . Changing the Christian ten commandments to suit his political needs. The Catholic {which means "universal") church has broken every one of the ten commandments including and especially thou shall not kill. They murdered (in the most horrible ways imaginable) anyone who did not comply. The word "heretic" comes from the Greek word " HERITICOS" and the meaning is... wait for it... ABLE TO CHOOSE.
GOD GAVE US FREE WILL. THE CATHOLIICS KILLED YOU FOR IT. The famous Spanish inquisition wasn't just in Spain. They brutally killed all Europeans ( and more) who would not OBEY.
Constantine's mother was Christian and he loves his mother. His mother told him of Christ.
Hahahaha this is so naive
@@Bcfcuklhpwalker Constantine mother helena was Greek
Whatever made you think she was British ?
Maybe you're getting confused with Constantine becoming declared as emperor while he was in England .
Pity Christianity is no longer practiced the same way as in Constantine's time.
I think JC would be grabbing a whip and flipping tables
Edit to add: same way as in Christ's time. Not Constantine's time
Bloody autocorrect
@@TheKrispyfort christianity in the 4th century ( Constantine's time) was divided into different sects, each with their own version of what it meant to be a Christian .
Theodosius 1st, emperor 60 or 70 years after Constantine death , outlawed paganism and any Christian sects that didn't join and accept his version were wiped out.
But when his wife died he had her deified and minted coins with her portrait replacing his .
So the Romans obviously didn't completely abandon their pagan ways by the 5th century.
I guess it took a few centuries before Christians were on the same page so to speak.
Even in the 7th century ad they were celebrating Easter at different times in other countries, until the synod of whitby
When they met in England to agree on a single date for Easter for all Christians.
How is that the only thing you can highlight from this? Weirdo.
The 4th Crusade
Thank you for this lecture. It was very very enjoyable. Although, i do respectfully disagree on point. I do not believe that Constantines conversion was genuine at all. For a few reasons. After his "vision" and victory, what praise was given to Jesus? He built a giant monument in his own honor. He built a 40 ft tall statue of himself with a sun crown adorned on his head, and built a city and put his name on it. Seems a bit narcissistic for someone that was given victory by God Himself. Lol. Also, he was only baptized ( converted) on his death bed. I absolutely think he seen an opportunity to easily take control of a large, growing number of people and be able to put himself at god status with some of the other Ceasars. He was at that point able to secure the title of divinley inspired and the one that stole and gained the favor of the Jewish messiah. Just my personal thoughts, but im fairly certain he was a narcissistic A-hole.
WITH RESPECT IT WAS HIS MAMA
If u read the Bible u should know the y, the who , and the where of our tru Faith and how to make it to Heaven and with not to do and how to not make it.
Faith just another way of saying there's no actual evidence
I've read the bible, I was catholic, I went to Sunday school and bible classes during the week after school.
Explain to me why God made a talking snake ?
Why did God make a perfect garden but then planted a tree Adam and Eve were forbidden to eat the fruit ?
It was a set up,
Who made God ?
Why was God the last of all religions, paganism was around since the Stoneage hunter gatherers started worshipping the moon and the sun .
@@kevwhufc8640 Riiiight. Forgeta bout all the proof right???
@@joeychicago6322 what proof, everyone except Christians know there isn't any proof .
No proof that the exodus happened, no proof the 10 commandments were zapped into a slab of stone .
No proof of jesus,
Christianity is just a different name for people who are really pagan but don't realise it .
As a Catholic the Trinity isn't confusing . They r one period. Read the Nicean Creed. It is a higharchy but yet Jesus is the only way to the father and of course also we have their Spiritu Sancti in us who is the voice of them. Some things ultimately r a mystery but a wonderful one at that. I very much do agree with thee heretic slap of st Nicholas period!! If we disagree today which is rare we have to correct each other, it is our duty. As good follower's we should all know this period!!
Saint Patrick explained the trinity to the ignorant using a 3 leaf clover ,
Anyone who can't understand the meaning must be pretty dumb .
I'm baptized catholic, Christians dont all agree with each other
If they did there would only be ONE church ,
But since protestantism split the church into 30 different versions, it's all become meaningless nonsense.
@@kevwhufc8640 Ya except the original church...
@@joeychicago6322 what is the original church ?
Greek orthodox , Jewish ,they wrote the bible, , or Roman catholic ?
@@kevwhufc8640 just because they wrote it doesn't make them anything. Wut were they? Catholic because if u actually do some research into the early martyrs and the underground churches were the Apostles mainly st Peter and st Paul performed the Holy Sacrifice vof the Mass. The Catacombs, I mean it's bright there. Y don't U look up who st Linus was and maybe u will b enlightened. The Orthodox is another one, well it's simple where did they brake from? Know your historia my friend. The new testament is Catholic book period. Read in our lense then try it in wut ever u are...
he join forces with
Protestantisim shouldn't count period! We can't forget about our Sancta Mater, she was teaching and leading many converts and followers all threw out the rest of her life on all things and places of Jesus until She was Assumed up to Celo. We know this cause there r recordings and by the Saints.
Constantine is the great is Ilir origin mean, is Albanian it’s not Greek. it is nothing to do with Greek. Even today, the churches in Albania is same style built even today what Alexander, the Great have been built with the churches. It’s not on the Greek style.
Rome created Christianity
U had the desert father's and I'm pretty sure all Christians were follower's of Jesus Christ period. Paul rejected Peter twice publicly on his Judaism form of Christianity and of course the greatness of Peter he's agreed and repented so by the time of Constantine they were all today's Christians or should I say Catholicum. U know this by the ancient underground churches with all the alters that r ad orientum!!!
Constantine killed his wife and mother
see a cross sign a military bridge is a code meaning junction cross over otherside signal take on n follow over this side join and together achieve victory ..then breake of crossing europe n asia water bridge is istanbul new eastern roman emperor sphere of the east...istanbul is the bridge holy cross he swa n he did exactly that
WONNA KNOW
HISTORY
JASON BRESHEARS
ARCHAIX
WILL EXPLAIN
OUR HISTORY
HAHAHAHA
The Council of Nicea affirmed the Trinity, which Mormonism rejects.
That´s completely not true. Instead Theodosius I and his frankish allies changed history and Christianity!
Theodosius 1st was the first emperor to outlaw paganism
And make christianity the official religion of Rome, he did close some pagan temples and pulled down a few others, during his time ( late 4th century) christianity had many different sects with different ideas of what christianity was about.
So Theodosius destroyed all those that didn't change to his version of christianity .
Yet he remained pagan, a look at some of his coins proves it, one has his dead wife depicted as a goddess, others show pagan images on the reverse of his coins,,
With so many different languages within the empire, emperors used coins to send a simple message to the people within the empire,
None mention anything about christianity or outlawing paganism , because the majority of people were still pagan into the 5th and 6th centuries.
@@kevwhufc8640 what´s your problem with me? I´m anti Theodosius I. But thanks for your comment.
@@MonikaEscobar1965 I wasn't disagreeing with anything you said, I don't like Theodosius either, he was a hypocrite
So was his son Honorius :)
@@kevwhufc8640 correct. ☝
@@MonikaEscobar1965 I'm lucky to live in a town that used to be one of the biggest Roman city's in Britain ( verulamium)
I search ploughed fields with my metal detector and have a good collection of Roman coins,
Historians, history books, are full of errors, assumptions, based on Victorian ideas , quoting from copies of copies of so called originals, who knows how many changes or additions have been added,
But coins can't be misinterpreted , or altered, from Constantine, to Theodosius and honorius, they used coins for propaganda or to depict their favourite god, all the above continued to show pagan images on the reverse of their coins.
Some have a mixture of pagan and Christian, ie , goddess victory holding a banner with the chi-rho symbol.
I don't trust church history, bede etc, or generic history books.
the eastern power military regional power sold him his saw the cross ing bridge planning
yes that is prepare plan and sold a bible
Thank you John Hamer. Now repent
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Watching this, how can one not ponder how truly lost are the people of the protestant beliefs??? Sad could be one way to explain it or maybe unfortunate is more proper...
So any religion leads to salvation? Okay...
Constantine changed the Bible and added the word HELL
So the Turks invented the cannon?
Constantine was a pagan
Paganism was on the decline simply because it was becoming and it's concern on the people was declining and basically u can c with this type of culture only the ignorant keep up with it. Christianity was spreading especially threw the ranks of the military, which was important for Rome. Lust and unruly acts of selfish evil was disrupting Rome.
Lust, unruly acts , evil , lies , deceit, all describe the Christian church.
@@kevwhufc8640 To those who r easily swayed...
@darkenlightenment9773 Yes unclean idols, false God's, before Jesus walked the earth in the flesh!! Let me guess Constantine the GREAT is a bad guy right?? Misinterpreting is very strong still today sadly...
I like Constantine 1st, he was proclaimed emperor in my country, in York just a few miles north of London.
He ended 80 years of bickering and uprisings, in the west and the east and united the empire under his own rule,
He saved the empire from falling apart.
@darkenlightenment9773 10 commandments,
Zapped on two stone tablets by God's finger ...
It never happened, its crazy to believe such nonsense happened
It was nothing great about him
Yes he pushed the fake religion christianity on half of the world (or better he was the starting point along w/ Helena his mother). Ofc there were more like him later who also became popes etc. who killed and tortured millions of europeans
From false roman gods to a false Hebrew god.
Still stuck in make believe.
it us a lie now that i link fact and story
Useless lecture since nothing is presented about the Bible book construction.
At that point the Bible canon was like 90% complete, the council of Nicaea (and others) just officialized it.
If you read the title, 'How Constantine Changed History', you would not expect a lecture on the Bible.
@@josepheridu3322Nicea had nothing to do with canonization of the bible, nothing, zero.