Marni Nixon: Singing voice of the stars
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- Опубликовано: 25 июл 2024
- One of the great unsung stars of Hollywood was Marni Nixon, a voice double whose singing stood in for such actresses as Deborah Kerr in "The King and I," Natalie Wood in "West Side Story," and Audrey Hepburn in "My Fair Lady." Nixon, who passed away this week at age 86, was interviewed by Charles Osgood for a story originally aired on "Sunday Morning" on [insert full date].
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She needs a special recognition Oscar. She's performed in such classics
No she doesn't. She was paid to 'ghost' other singers. No other ghost singers were so bitter and so full of themselves.
100% YES...............!!!!!!! One of several ungodly talents STILL not remotely recognized.
@@DDumbrille I disagree if you bought a music album by Debra Kerr and it didn’t sound like Marni you would be upset! There is nothing wrong with awarding her for her talent as a singer.💕🌅🎇🎆
Yup, was just thinking the same thing. Unfortunately she passed away in 2016.
@@DDumbrille wow! Really?
She didn't just "do dubbing", she's one of the greatest singing voices in cinema history. Period.
What a glorious voice! She seems as talented as Julie Andrews. I love how she matched her singing voice to each actress - it really sounds like it could be each individual actress singing.
I believe she was the mother of Andrew Gold who had a huge hit in 1978 with Lonely Boy.
I certainly didn’t know she was one of the nuns in The Sound of Music!!!
I love that movie & she is one talented lady!!!!
Marni was beautiful and charming enough to be a star on her own.
maybe not an actress?
Wasn’t she one of the nuns in Sound of Music?
We all did get to see Marni Nixon in "The Sound of Music" when she played one of the nuns in the beginning of the movie. She is lovely took.
Then why wasn't she?
@@DDumbrille Hollywood.
What an incredible talent ,she even sounded like the stars she dubbed.
An additional talent in her arsenal of capabilities!
Yes, she purposefully did!
Marni Nixon had to undergo special extra time-training for each of those famous films, to match her vocal timbre to: either Deborah Kerr's, Natalie Woods' or Audrey Hepburn's: particular voice, vocal inflections and accents. Astoundingly gifted AND GENEROUS: lady.
A special Oscar should be given to her posthumously for her incredible work in some of the most memorable movies made. What a talent!
Agreed, Lynn, outlandish as it sorta seems ... At least her family can rest easy! and all of us lovely audience member, over the decades. That wrong can finally be righted.
Yes!
Not only could Marnie sing beautifully, she must have had a terrific ear for accents. In £The King and I", she sound exactly as you would imagine Deborah Kerr would sing.
Yes, it's quite amazing how she really does manage to sing beautifully, and still sound like it's the actress singing.
Nixon didn't sound a thing like Hepburn in My Fair Lady.
@@DDumbrille Much as I liked Audrey Hepburn, she didn't have more than about a four-note range. Why you're so PO'd at Marni Nixon is incomprehensible.
@@fpinzow I'm not PO'd. If anyone was PO'd it was Nixon, who spent the last twenty years of her life on a 'poor me' book tour.
I just disagree that she sounded like Hepburn, who by the way had more than a 'four-note range'.
That and Natalie Wood!
Wonderful voice. I always thought her biography should be called “Unsung Hero”. :)
That's a perfect title for her!
I think it's called I Could Have Sung All Night and she credited her ghost writer.
Or Heroine!
I have a question, why didn't she just do the acting herself?
Thank You!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
May she rest in peace, and thank you for your contributions to cinema.
outinsider M
She had deserved the Oscar.
I love that she got to show her face in 'The Sound of Music' after being the "voice America hears but doesn't see."
And she got to sing with the other actors playing nuns in the "How do You Solve a Problem Like Maria" segment.
@@jannabrackett5244 yep, exactly!
And that's probably what cost her any film career. That homely mug, along with the fact that operatic voices weren't exactly in demand in the later sixties...
@@DDumbrille What did that last ever do to you? You sound bitter.
@@LindaMz24 What did that last ever do to you? Try that again, but next time put the bottle down.
She should of gotten an Oscar. If it wasn't for her singing, the musicals she sang in wouldn't gave won Academy Awards. What would have West Side Story, The King & I or My Fair Lady been like without her?
....non-existent! She really did deserve the credit.
I wish I knew, I'd like to hear the originals...
She won a Grammy ( soundtrack of Mary Poppins) She is the voice of one of the geese in the Jolly Holiday sequence!
That's how they roll back in them days you got paid maybe not much and you kept your mouth shut if you want to work trust me the directors and producers they all have their own network if they had a problem with a star and if that start with a problem they get on the grape Vines I hate don't use this person I had a lot of problems with her and that person would not get to be in the next production of anything so the abuse among female actresses back then wolf up in the gigawatt range so to speak they had to take it if they wanted to work those were difficult difficult times back then especially for a woman is trying to live independent
I loved the way Natalie Wood sang her part in WSS. I think they should have kept it!
Why didn't CBS report that she spenet nearly the last decade of her life fighting for the royalties she so richly deserved? Imagine if all those actresses had to actually carry those tunes themselves, much less leave the audiences begging for more? Marni Nixon left a veritable library of beautiful, heartwrenching, timeless music for the entire world to enjoy.
Well that certainly stinks, Leesey!
Back in 1964, the local community college did "My Fair Lady", and for the leads they got Marni Nixon and Edward Mulhare. My dad was the sound engineer, and because they'd spend months on the road, he'd invite them home for a meal that wasn't from a hotel restaurant. So, both of them have been in my house
Are you in the Seattle area?
No, I'm in central California-but my understanding is that they (and other actors who did these kinds of shows) would come to a city where it was being done a week or so before the open to do the final rehearsals, do the run of the show, then go somewhere else and do the same thing.
EDWARD MULHARE WAS A TRIP....WE WERE ROOMATES FOR A WHILE, WHEN VOICE TEACHER/GURU..SETH RIGGS.... WAS ALLOWING NEW YORK THEATER PALS TO STAY AT HIS MANSION WHILE WORKING IN HOLLYWOOD, 1968.....& EDWARD WOULD GET UP EARLY IN THE MORNING & WALK DOWN THE STAIRS IN HIS WINE COLORED ROBE, & WALK OVER TO THE STEREO RECORD PLAYER, & PUT ON ONE OF HIS OPERA RECORDS...HE WOULD THEN, GO INTO THE KITCHEN & START MAKING BREAKFAST WHILE SINGING ALONG TO THE RECORD....NEEDLESS TO SAY, WE WERE ALL UP & AT'EM BY THEN..THANK YOU EDWARD....RIP.......JACK ENGLISH..ACTOR/SINGER.....WEST HOLLYWOOD, CALIF..10/15/2018
I really wish they would record stage productions for posterity. There have been so many great pairings like this that only a handful of people have ever seen. Your father was very lucky to have been one of them.
Well, there's no video, but I've got audio tapes for the dress rehearsal and all the performances. Unfortunately, the recorder my dad built that would handle the big 14" reels of tape is no longer functional and I can't find the parts to restore it, so I've either got to find a machine that'll take those reels or a company that can take them and covert the audio to digital.
Marnie Nixon’s voice was America’s answer to Dame Julie Andrews
Marni also voiced some of Julie's high notes in "The Sound of Music".
@@MichielBLKorte No she didn’t Dame Julie did all her own work as she had a four octive range. Marni did sing in the Sound of Music as the nun sister Sophia
@@ryzardt My sources say otherwise. She indeed played Sister Sophia, and Dame Julie Andrews did have a four octave range, but the high notes in "I have confidence" were sung by Marni Nixon according to Ms Nixon.
When I first saw her face on this video my first thought was that she could be related to Julie Andrews. They do share some facial features.
Marnie Nixon was such a great singer, wonderful voice, diction, and phrasing and always very respectful of the material. She seems like a very nice person too. I wish she were still among us.
Wow! It would be enough if she merely dubbed these women's voices but she actually made her singing voice sound as if it truly was of a piece with the actresses speaking voice!!! Her Audrey Hepburn was breathtaking and she meshed so well with Deborah Kerr that it was seamless. Marni's talent went far beyond singing alone. The woman's ear was golden
She should be given an Oscar too.Such a great talent.
Definitely deserved recognition for her work at one on the Oscar ceremonies. It’s never too late even though she is no longer with us.
Agreed!
What an exceptional voice and soul. To star in the way she has and had such a respect for her craft is truly a gift. May she be blessed as she sings to the glory of God and may her soul be forever with peace.
Her Voice would have been perfection for The Phantom of the Opera.
She had better taste
What made her an even greater talent was the fact that she tried to match her voice to each particular actress she was dubbing for . Basically doing singing impressions
I love that she and Deborah Kerr actually worked together to make sure they sounded alike.
I think her singing for Deborah Kerr in The King and I is the most uncanny and they are well-paired. She did an incredible job in West Side Story and My Fair Lady, but her tone and pitch and diction are so much clearer and "brighter" as an operatic soprano than either Natalie Wood or Audrey Hepburn's singing voices that I don't understand how the studios thought they were going to keep that "secret" under wraps.
It should be illegal to use someone's singing voice in a movie and NOT credited them 😡
Even the singers should be credited so people know who they listen to🎶
Deborah Kerr got into trouble because she stood up for the voice artists when asked about singing and said that her singing voice belongs to someone else.
it was a long time ago !
Uh, this was 60 years ago. Different times. And all of the dubbers signed contracts AGREEING to that. Nixon was just bitter and held a grudge for the rest of her life because she never became a 'star' herself.
Anyone that's ever read a biography of an actress from that time period understands that the signed contract of a dubber was just a legality. The threat from the studio mafia bosses would be to ruin you. It was hard enough to make it in Hollywood at that time if you were a female. I was in the acting business myself, and was threatened by a director in the same way regarding turning him in for illegal business dealings. That was just in the 90s. Read Tis Herself by Maureen O'Hara. Really lifts the veil of the good ol' boys Hollywood club, especially on Jimmy Stewart and Walt Disney.
But then it was acceptable, things were different then.
What a voice! She's singing with the angels now--leading the chorus, even! RIP.
Singing with the angels? That sounds like loads of fun.
Good morning Sandra🌞🌞
I didn't know about her passing until I looked her up randomly today. She's no doubt one of the most influential and finest vocalist and I'm sending my prayers and condolences to her family
No none else knew about it either--media in the U.S. (thinking they had credibility) was too busy bad-mouthing political candidates at the time of her passing to report it (classlessly proving they had NO credibility).
Got that right, Keiko! (applause)
Why is no one saying that she was the mother of Andrew Gold who had a huge hit in 1976 with Lonely Boy.
THANKS FOR LENDING US ALL YOUR VOICE, FROM GOD!!!!!!!!!!!
I usually don't like voices from that period but Marni's is different. You can tell she has a beautiful spirit. You can hear her kindness.
Voices "from that period"?
Ella? Doris Day? Pearl Bailey? Rosemary Clooney? Dorothy Dandridge? Dinah Shore? Judy Garland singing "The Man that Got Away" in 'A Star is Born'?
Brilliant voice and so beautiful. She never got the fame she deserved.
I heard Marni Nixon as a guest on a live 2004 radio broadcast of "Prairie Home Companion" alone in a small, sparsely furnished, apartment in Los Angeles where I was on tour with "La Boheme on Broadway". She sang "Hello young lovers wherever you are..." from the "King and I" by Rodgers and Hammerstein.
It's worth mentioning that at that point I had worked with opera singers and musical theater artists as a professional coach-accompanist for about 30 years. Her astonishing youthfulness of sound (she was 74 at the time), and most importantly, her total lack of ego or concern about how she was performing - but living in the material and story at hand - were overwhelming to me. I burst into tears.
I got to meet her at a party hosted by Joost van Berge, a dearly missed baritone, and youtube presence - who hosted monthly salon's in New York City for years. I related this story to everyone at the party, and she must have thought me a bit crazy.
I noticed in this CBS video that her different characters voices somehow sounded different - a feat similar in difficulty to trying to change one's fingerprint.
One more fascinating story. Elizabeth Cole, the New York City Opera soprano, and noted Voice teacher, and Marni Nixon sang as sopranos together in a chorus for some of Toscanini's famous broadcasts in the mid-1900's.
It reflects that she had an amazing ear as well as an amazing voice. Thanks, steinway1901 for sharing this anecdote!
Thank you so much for sharing this, 'steinway1901!" Beautiful.
Splendid singing in each role, I as a watcher of those movies was completely fooled that it WAS the actual actresses voice in each one! Marnie really made herself sound different in each one, matched her voice to each actresses voice so it sounded completely like that actress, only that she sang perfectly and brilliantly. It does bother me tho, that she herself didn’t actually have the roles she sang, I’m sure she could have been just as big a star as an actress if her acting was as brilliant as her beautiful singing voice. I wonder if they still do this dubbing thing? But then, there aren’t that many musicals anymore. Too bad. A fantastic era in movies...hope to see these kind of movies back again someday! There’s a reason so many people like “old movies”.....They’re GOOD!
I didn't know she was the hidden talents to most of those classic songs. Beautiful voice. She deserved more recognition.
I love her voice. What a beautiful voice!!!
What a talent! To dub such different voices, and so beautifully.
It hurts my heart to know Marni Nixon was instrumental in making such great musicals and she didn't get credit. Hollywood has always been full of "fakers" but this demonstrates the level they are willing to go to look better than they are. Marni Nixon deserves an academy award.
Yep! Well stated, PerfectPitchTodd.
Who knew?! I have been listening to those musicals all these years and never even knew! Marni has such a beautiful voice!!! I have loved it for years and didn't even know it! ♡
Since the late 60's certainly it was no secret, and came up a lot in media that I was exposed to; magazines, TV interviews, radio shows, etc; So actually a lot of people knew!
I could you not know? The movie critics were never fooled. It I hard to fool a movie critic ...that is why they are movie critics. But everyone knew that Natalie Wood and especially Audrey Hepburn were actresses...not singers.
Marni was just brilliant! We owe her so much for all of the joy she contributed with her incredible voice.
Good morning Olivia.🌞🌞
How are you?
Her voice was such an inspiration of my youth. If I could have met her I would have hugged her. Those songs still evoke such amazing memories. ♡
She had a beautiful voice, really special.
Such a wonderful voice hidden in a sense behind the Hollywood Limelight.....Bet she and her family had the times of their lives just being themselves! Cheers All
2 songs that are my all-time favorites EVER: The King & I’s “Hello, Young Lovers” & from My Fair Lady’s “I could have danced all night”
More like “ will the real legendary voice of the best classic musicals of all time please stand up”. She DESERVED AN OSCAR. How unfair!
I saw Marni Nixon play in the live civic light opera of the King and I in San Bernardino in 1958! She was a great actress as well!
I saw Marni Nixon at LACMA's Bing Theater about twenty years ago in a recital with pianist/composer Leonard Stein. Miss Nixon sang mostly pieces by modern classical composers - no Broadway show or Hollywood musical numbers - and it was a wonderful program. Nixon was an outstanding American singer.
Martha Mears was another unsung hero, dubbing leading ladies singing voices like Rita Hayworth, Lucille Ball, Claudette Colbart, Veronica Lake ect etc
She may be the last of the great Hollywood Ghosts from the classical musicals.
Anthony Brainiac there are a couple still with us Annette Warren who still does occasional concerts and she’s well into her 90s, as well as India Adams.
Amazing voice and she sounded so much like the stars
I loved Marni Nixon’s exquisite voice in all the great musicals . She was extraordinarily talented . Voice of an angel
Such a phenomenal voice talent. It's great that she's getting the credit she deserves.
Good morning Kate, how are you? 🌞
She was a lovely lady. I had the opportunity to sing for her when I was a young singer. After we were done working together she autographed my music and said “good voice”. One of the proudest moments in my life.
I saw the Time magazine article on Marni Nixon, "The Ghostess with the Mostest," before I saw MY FAIR LADY in 1965, so I knew that Audrey Hepburn's singing was dubbed. I was delighted to see Marni Nixon playing a nun in THE SOUND OF MUSIC, which I also saw in 1965. Her voice was unmistakable, and she was pretty too. Why she hadn't become a singing star in her own right, I don't know. I understand, though, that she and Julie Andrews admired each other!
I completely agree with you! But I am thinking that probably the studios wouldn't let her, as she was too valuable to them to dub for their previous actresses;-(
Julie Andrews played the part of Eliza Doolittle in the stage version of My Fair Lady opposite Rex Harrison and she was very unhappy not to be cast in the film version. But if Julie had got the part they would not have needed Marni Nixon.
If I remember, they have the same 4 octave range
They are both equally as good, however I do think that Julie would have been more suited to the role of Eliza
Good Kirsten, how are you doing today?
worthy of her own star on the Hollywood of Fame
If nothing else.
Hear, hear!
She really was truly exceptional.
WOW. What an underappreciated talent. She is an icon I've heard growing up but never knew.
Learning Nixon's life and career have always fascinated me. What a Wonderful Life! And such a beautiful voice . This was a beautiful interview and tribute to a wonderfully versatile performer.
I had the immense pleasure of being a guest student in a Master Musical Theatre class that was taught by Marnie Nixon at UNLV way back in the early 90s. It was an experience I will never forget....
Wow! Just wow! I grew up on these movies and didn't realize I was in love with one woman's voice over and over again. Gorgeous work! And such a gracious attitude of service. I am so touched, inspired, and blessed by her story and her art. Thank you God for people like Marni Nixon. Wow.
A truly phenomenal talent.
Marni - amazing! She was Married to Composer Ernest Gold who won the Academy Award for The Score for the Movie Exodus, her Son Andrew Gold was a Great 70's Rock Star/ Composer/Producer who Produced Linda Ronstadt's great 70's hit Records and was her Music Director and a important Member of her Touring Band. In 1976 Andrew Gold while still in Ronstadt's Band had a Hit Song that reached #7 on on the Charts "Lonely Boy" Andrew also composed "Thank You for Being a Friend" the theme song from the hit TV Show "The Golden Girls" and a Very Successful children's Halloween Album called "Halloween Howls" - - please check out his Wikipedia Page for more info! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Gold
Thanks for the update and connection between Marni and Andrew Gold. I always had a soft spot for Andrew's hits---"Lonely Boy" and "Thank you for being a friend." Andrew's hits help to define my college years .
all of this is SO interesting - thank you for sharing - - and yes, i'm an old so i have fond memories of dancing around my room with Andrew's Lonely Boy coming out of my stereo.
wow! ta for that, I grew up with his songs as hits too
FYI: Marni's son, Andrew Gold, wrote the theme song "Thank You For Being a Friend" for the popular TV series "The Golden Girls". Also scored hits in the 1970s with "Lonely Boy" and "Never Let Her Slip Away." His dad was Oscar-winning film composer Ernest Gold. Also jammed extensively with Linda Ronstadt . . .
She is generally my hero I watch the king and I and my fair lady with my grandma every year she has such a big roll in my childhood ps : I’m not 60 I’m just into old films
She was fabulous! Extraordinarily talented.
WHAT a WONDERFUL voice!!!
I've known for years that Marni Nixon was the voice behind some of the great musicals, but I wasn't aware how much work she put into having to alter her voice to sound like the person she was dubbing. That was very enlightening. Thanks so much for sharing this great video!
Incredible...beautiful voice and talent...💗
Marni Nixon had a beautiful voice, fantastic diction and was truly musical. Certainly a solid, unique and undeniable part of Hollywood history, and a great musician.
Beautiful voice. Her voice is the one that brings tears to my eyes in West Story. Bravo Marni
Her son Andrew Gold had hits in the 70s. He died years back. RIP
But you're reminded of him every time you watch an old episode of Golden Girls and hear 'Thank You for Being a Friend".
Good info.
I had no idea
@@bradthompsonuk2011 one of my all time favourite songs
Good morning Christine, how are you?
She was a great singer and a delightful person!!!
She had an exceptionally beautiful voice!
This is a really lovely video. I have to say that Marni's voice is so much more pleasing to the ear than so many famous singers. There is just such a freshness to it. A purity. Unaffected and natural. A touch of Spring.
Marnie was also a devoted teacher of singers which I had the privilege of experiencing when she lived on Mercer Island outside of Seattle. She was a real class act yet totally down-to-earth, and I was deeply saddened to hear of her passing.
As a fan of musicals since I was a kid, I read long ago that Marni Nixon dubbed for Deborah Kerr, Audrey Hepburn & Natalie Wood. Whenever I heard her exquisite singing voice, I was amazed that she was able to sing in the same character persona as the actresses. It's ashamed she was not referenced in the credits of the movies she sang in. Marni is one of my favorite musical singers along with Julie Andrews and Shirley Jones. In this video, I was surprised she dubbed for Marilyn Monroe's "Diamonds are a Girl's Best Friend". I did not know Marni recently passed away until I came upon this video. May she be the lead singing angel in heaven as she was on earth. Whenever I hear a song from Anna, Eliza or Maria on Sirius Radio's "Broadway Series", I will always think of Marni.
Marni Nixon did the high trills for Marilyn Monroe singing "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend." I think that was a partial dubbing. Marilyn Monroe sang "Happy Birthday" live to President Kennedy and that sounds like her singing voice that I've heard in movies. She just didn't have a four-octave range like Marni Nixon--a soprano extraordinaire!
She sang for Audrey, Deborah! Nixon was a singing voice for many stars
I love her but I love Julie Andrews more! Shirley Jones is good but not as phenomenal as both Julie & Nixon!
agreed...ruclips.net/video/g4UZeCn1ATI/видео.html
Kirsten, You are right. Marni only did the high notes for Marilyn.
Sadly, Julie Andrews damaged her vocal cords at one point, and can barely speak above a whisper. If you sing, you need to be really careful.
Wonderful talent, she had a lovely voice. May she rest in peace.
What a wonderful story. Thank you for the upload!
Wow she's a legend she sang all them great songs I hope she was compensated right for her great work
A beautiful woman with an exquisite voice, sinful that they wouldn't allow her to take credit for what was her own.
My favorite movies and plays are West Side Story and My Fair Lady, I love her voice so much, glad I could find this and finally put a voice/name to a face.
A celestial voice
RIP Marni Nixon 😢
Amazing voice, beautiful, she will be missed !
She IS missed!.
I just learned about Ms. Nixon. I am blown away by her talent and stunning beauty. She absolutely should get more recognition.
ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL singing voice in lots of movie musicals including playing one of the nuns in The Sound of Music as Sister Sophia with Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer.
He is lovely empathetic interviewer- much better than Carson, Walters etc
The voice of classic Hollywood musicals! Wonderful to see and hear her at last.
I love her voice she’s amazing
When I bought the Broadway cast album of The Sound of Music I liked her almost as much as Dame Julie Andrews. I am such a big fan of Andrews, that is quite a compliment.
Robert Galbreath you have great taste! The broadway cast was actually Mary Martin on the record. Isn’t the difference in Mary Martin and Julie’s voice incredible? Julie rules!
Unforgettable, magical Marni, thank you so much for this interview!
Hearing her sing "hello young lovers wherever you are..." on a live radio broadcast for Garrison Keillor almost 2 decades ago was one of the highlights of my life. Joost van Berge, baritone, had monthly soirees in NYC and she was a guest. I believe she thought me quite out of my mind the way I gushed about her ego-less, free, singing. May her recordings live on for centuries.
what a beautiful voice bringing life to all these beautiful actresses!
Wow, I never knew. She did her job well. Definitely deserves recognition. Beautiful voice.
Ty for the the comments I LOVED her for years before I even knew she existed One GHOST I WOULD NEVER RUN FROM P.S. ANDREW GOLD'S MOM RIP BOTH OF U
What an extraordinary voice, what range!
Every respect to Miss Nixon, who was ready to give her voice to three perfectly different characters, without getting real recognition.
Rip Marni. Enjoyed your work since the 50's. Saw the King and I when it first came out. I was 11.
I was fortunate to see her perform (on stage) in a production of "MAME" ... she really did deserve to be a star ...
Today after watching West Side Story I realized there is No Way that was Natalie Wood's voice.
I researched and when I saw it was a woman named Marni D who did singing for sooooo many movies it reminded me of " Singing in the Rain".This woman who was the singing voice for so many movies DEFINITELY SHOULD GET AN AWARD AND BE RECOGNIZED EVEN AFTER HER DEATH
Fabulous Lady.
Wonderful!
She was also used by Disney when that studio sold recorded versions of the work done by Julie Andrews in Mary Poppins. It was cheaper to record Nixon doing the numbers in the studio than to bring Andrews in to reprise the numbers for the records. I remember owning a 45 rpm record of "Spoonful of Sugar" when I was a kid and wondering who "Marni Nixon" was, but there she was, credited with the song on the label.
Wow she has the most beautiful voice ever
Her son, Andrew Gold, was Linda Ronstadt's(another set of rare glorious pipes)band leader for many years.
RIP legend and thank you