Transistors, How do they work?
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- Опубликовано: 22 май 2024
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The invention of transistors revolutionized human civilization like no other technology. This video demonstrates working of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) with it's practical applications such as transistor as an amplifier and as a switch with help of animation. Along with transistor working of diode is also explained in the video. The video covers following topics - structure of Silicon atom, doping, N type doping, P type doping, working of Diode, working of NPN transistor and dual stage amplification.
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Voice-over artist : www.fiverr.com/mikepaine
The 4 handed smiley is the creepiest thing I saw in ages
It reminds me of the dwarf gecko robots from metal gear solid 4
smiley phosphorus
Atleast you should thank this awesome video! :/
Yup. I was like.....waht????
Lol😂
- "Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley."
*screams*
Ikr
Yup
Kill it with fire.
I'm so glad I read this comment before it showed up in the video. I can't stop laughing now
Nightmares
"I'm having trouble understanding silicon atoms."
*swaps out atom with crotch hand smiley*
"Ooooooh, that makes sense"
was it supposed to be funny?
@@jinxy7869 Probably not, but a little humour always makes learning easier, intentional or not.
some people just hate to see a silicon atom brother happy 😒
it's not just you, there are millions more who are struggling with it
"silicon is useless in its original form"
four-handed smiley : 👁👄👁
1:26
⊂(◉‿◉)つ
But it's the most important one for semiconductor and our hole technology is dependent on it
1:33
Therapist:
Smiley Silicon Atom isn't real and can't hurt you.
Smiley Silicon Atom:
Smiley silicon atom : yes
HAMBURGER
Pewdiepie
nice name
ur name tho... its longer than my dream pp lol
"Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley."
Let's not
that was terrifying
@@deepstariaenigmatica2601 it really caught me off guard lmao
I was really upset to find out they are doping too. Don't worry they won't be smiling for long.
hahaha I stopped the video and was about to comment this word for word until I saw you already said it
IT SPOOKED THE SHIT OUT OF ME THE FIRST TIME I SAW IT NGL
Everyone in the comments talking about smiley silicon atom
Take a moment to appreciate this man❤️
what an explanation 👍
I agree, he did a great job and now I don’t have to stress over what a transistor is
@@Isaac-ue7td Yeah this is the best explanation about transistor, been watching a lot of videos but this one help me the most.
The presenter is not a "man" , it is a Large Language Module.
Comments full of bullshit
0:28 Switch and amplifier
1:18 Doping
4:37 Forward biased diode to break the potential barrier or depletion region(Switch)
5:20 As an amplifier
Dear friends, This is our first video in Electronics. We hope you liked it. Please support us at Patreon, so that we can continue our free educational service.
www.patreon.com/LearnEngineering
only 3 dollars /p month to save you, well done!
Yah, we have just reached the first milestone. Thanks a lot friends for your love and support. We will keep on producing quality videos for you.
A series on electronics would be GREAT!
So clearly explained and nothing missed for a introduction - great work, thank you!
yes please make more!!!
This is a far better tutorial than the ones delivered in an engineering class lecture
Ikr
must agree
This video has answered me more questions than 2 weeks of Electronic Devices lectures have
@@richardpouzyr9073 yhýhyhhhhhyhhhhhhhyyhhyhhhhyyyy
yeah and this video also provides u with additional nightmares, wat a great deal
I love that you turned those atoms into smileys. I used to be the girl who would draw everything as characters (electrons, protons, neutrons, different kinds of radiation, ph indicators, substances etc.) and it helped me to memember things better (and made learning more fun!).
Memember... Cute :)
If you used to be a girl, what would you be now? I'm confused.
@@foobarmaximus3506 haha, well technically a woman now. I used to be a girl who _drew_ characters for different science concepts so I could remember them better. I still do it sometimes, but way less.
@@kirtiparashar1726 Oops, typo! Memember sounds like a meme event for december. Not quite what I meant lol ( : remember*
@@foobarmaximus3506A weird (but funny) way of saying "when I was a girl) for sure
"Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley."
:Mom pick me up, I'm scared
I've been in electronics for over 30 years. This is one of the best pictorial tutorials I've ever seen. Good Job. Best Wishes n Blessings. Keith Noneya
I'm having trouble understanding how circuit boards, transistors, and capacitors work together to create a computational system. Where is the best place to start building a working knowledge of how these things work? Thanks
tenacious645
Hey look at crash course computer science
I found it really helpful to understand how transistors can be used to build computers
mee tooo
Says transistors don't amplify signals, then describes exactly how transistors amplify signals. Brilliant mate, you done played yourself.
@Olav Viking
@ Olav Viking.
In some ways you are correct with your criticism, but I think you’re also a bit harsh on the narrator/video.
Sure, you need a power supply and a base, collector, and emitter arrangement to amplify a signal presented to the BJ transistor’s base; agreed.
However, the video depicts a (battery) power supply attached to the BJT.
You're technically correct in that any “N” “P” “N” semiconductor (essentially 2 diodes connected together) transistor will not in itself form an amplifier.
But the “N” “P” “N” semiconductor component is one of the most critical components (if not the most critical component) of an amplifier; and routinely technicians, engineers, and even discrete/other component catalogs refer to and/or list “N” “P” “N” semiconductors . . as “amplifiers”.
The reason is; via varying the bias voltage presented to the base with an audio/other input signal they modulate the power supply rail voltage; and therefore provide an amplified version of the input signal to their emitter.
Transistors are essentially active 3 terminal semiconductor devices act as either insulators or conductors depending on the aforementioned signal/bias voltage; and their ability to change between these 2 states means it has 2 basic functions; “amplification” (analogue electronics) and “switching” (digital electronics).
I think the bigger concern with the video is the circuit arrangement towards the closing stages of the video; as the 2 stage transistor application has the emitter of the input/first stage connected directly to the base of the second stage transistor.
In fact, the collector (not the emitter) of the input/first stage should be connected directly to the base of the second stage transistor.
That said, I doubt too many people trying to learn how the transistor semiconductor works and relying upon these types of videos will understand analog/digital circuit design theory.
No one :
Learn Engineering : *lets replace this silicon atom with a smiley*
When discussing the transistor basics, it's crucial to understand that (a) the voltages of the 1st power and 2nd powers sources (PS) are not arbitrary, they are picked specifically from a very narrow interval of what a given transistor can handle. (b) 1st PS is picked such as that there is not enough push / pull from the applied voltage for electrons on the left N to overcome P and go to the right N, but just barely not enough. (c) 2nd PS adds just enough push to the left N and just enough pull to P to let the electrons flow over the junction barriers.
Very lucid explanation about how a transistor is both an amplifier and a switch. Had read about this long back. Not being an engineer, I had forgotten. Many thanks for re-educating me. 🙏
the silicon atoms actually stop smiling when doping happens-
hahahahahahahhahahahahahahahahahhaa
I think they start to stop smiling earlier when they are called "useless"
Kisi ko Sui parega to royega hi
😁👌😂😂😂😂🤦♂️😅😅
Poor bastards, become , Junkies!
In my 26 years life, finally I've got how transistors work. Thank for nice video.
김진수 this is so me. True to every last word. Wow.
Guy u did not expect to know this when u were below 7 or 10 years old so stop bullshit. Videos are better than books sometimes because of additionnal easy visual informations.
@@musiceditfor you're missing the point. What we meant was we finally understood in depth how a transistor works. It also implies that videos are better than books. What I can't understand is how in the world did this comment manage to trigger you 😂😂😂
Me too
Same
What a brilliant teaching.
This is by far the best explanation of how a transistor functions that I have ever seen, and I've seen a LOT of them. Well done!
Three years at a university and I never understood transistors and about 30 mins worth of RUclips videos and I finally understand this shit...
It's true
same here school or clz me smjh he nhi aaya
college is not there to teach you... it's there to make you into a debt-slave
I swear school is actually trying to complexify things just to confuse us but in reality everything is really simple it’s crazy.
@@skyz3ra exactly... it's known as anti-learning.. it makes simple things complex. True learning is making complex things simple. The matrix is for the sheep
I love how transistors smile. they're so positive.
i'll show myself out.
If its NPN
they are positive cause they lost an electron who are u willing to lose
The electrons though are quite the opposite!
Great explanation with perfect visuals! I actually didn't want the video to end, it's so engaging! Finally got my concepts cleared. Thanks!
4 handed smiley comments aside, this was an incredibly good video. Thank you for putting it together.
The *four handed smiley* looks really creepy.
I LIKE creepy Atoms!
ㄹㅇ ㄷ ㄷ ㄷ
true alox
Bird Box alien....
that is just my sleep paralysis demon
Off topic but that 4 armed smilie is one of the most disturbing thing I've ever seen O_O
Lmao that made the whole video for me. If I could I'd subscribe again.
Oh jeez, please forgive them for trying to teach you something and it hurt your feelings!
had a rough day or something, Alter?
Why'd you watch the video then Alter? Golly chill out.
+Alter Kater Stop watching edutainment videos then, most are dumbed down. Go to class to learn then, you serious man.
Best and most clear explanation of Transistors I’ve seen. Thank you!
i have never seen such a happy silicon , absolutely loved SILICON
The quality this video is better than what we see on discovery channel. So great that while Discovery channel which was once source of great information like this has switched to ghost stories and truck related shows, RUclips has taken its place with such great videos instead.
you've noticed that too. Other than survivor, i hate all reality shows. Ghost stories, while interesting, don't belong on discovery channel
superasn 0
Ah yes, the saturday morning fixit shows you can watch on the sofa instead of fixing your pickup!
well said, dude. i second your idea.
Totally agree with you, not to mention all the reruns and the never ending repetitive commercials. Discovery channel becomes unbearable to watch. I consider the people from Discovery as a bunch of scammers. Some shows are on for decades without a single new episode, or they give it a different name with a different narration but they keep the content the same so that you think that it is a totally new show.
Do Electrons really Smile like this under a Microscope?
Yes they do
TRX VLOGGER i don't think so. after all they're all heartless beings
Lord Black lol....
smilies were representing atoms (or you should say nucleus, since electrons were in the hands) not electrons.
Only when they are doping
a lot of people are talking about the silicon atom visualisation but i just want to thank the creator(s) of this video and channel, i have been looking for this information for so long and it is explained pretty well here, free of cost. things like this are the only thing that make me consider going to college
Great vid. This channel never fails to explain engineering easily.
I'm a CBSE class 12 student and I have this in my portions. You have no idea, how much of a help this video is for me .
@Visha Sri dont miss even a single bit in these as this the cell of a computer , srsly !
Therapist: Don't worry, the four handed smiley isn't real
Four handed smiley: 1:00
Why all of you are talking bout it???
What's the matter with it???
@@abhijithanilkumar4959 Because it's scary AF! And at least for me personally, it doesn't help with visualization any more than a Bohr model would have lol.
Of course, someone who wat hes Maximilian or whatever copies comments. What else are you capable of?
Melike Nur Alan Deus Ex meme
This is *exactly* the type of learning I was looking for, thank you for this video!
The best video I've ever seen. If more these kinds of videos are available for Physics, students like will never get bored of this subject. 😭😭💯💯 Thank you so much for making this video and keep going like this.🔥🔥❤️❤️🙏🙏
This is superb - I've been struggling to get my head around how transistors and diodes work....I can now visualise the process, thanking YOU!
"Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley."
*I'm in.*
I'm out!
@@sh3lter for me it's more distracting than creepy
@@themarvellouschannel3032 is that you Jenny?
@@DlcEnergy what?
*you son of a bitch im in
Amazing how they took something so simple and made it very complex with different applications.
I have seen them all and I rate this explanation the best. The batteries and wiring made it easy to see the overall operation ...nice.
"Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley."
Nah, no thanks.
What the literal f was that thing?!
i am crying
My nightmares are made of silicon.
I prefer to imagine it as a quantum octopus.
Everybody gangsta until 5 handed smiley appeared.
"Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley"
God help us
The atom has no smile that we can see, the sun might ,the moon might.
One doubt pls: at 5:22 the animation shows electrons coming out from base,but the current direction indicator which is Arrow is quite opposite to flow of electrons explain why?
@@madagalaharivardhan9412 the direction of conventional current is always taken opposite to flow of electrons or in the direction of 'flow' of holes.
This still baffles me after years of being an electronics engineer. I want a quantum explanation of PN junctions.
Not an electronics engineer, instead a computer scientist, but same. I always find myself asking the next "okay but why"...
When you break things down to the quantum level, they can make significantly less sense, with a lot of seemingly "arbitrary" numbers and rules. The reality is these rules can make a lot of sense but not in the sane way as informative Videos like these. For most real world applications quantum effects are pointless to consider, and it's best to just accept that things are the way they are.
Need microscopic videos.
Such a helpful video! Easy to understand, but makes you think and keeps you focused.
sponsored by duracell.
😑😂😂😂
sponsored by Huawei
Sponsored by duracell,nexus,snapdragon,huawei
Culpable Injustice and I’m like number 420, unfortunately and hour twenty-two minutes after 4/20 ended
@@bilmil5698 And HP
So if anyone will ever ask me about how transistors work, my answer is that four armed muscle faces get juiced with a massive alphabet syringe.
based on the glimpse of your life illustrated by your need for attention and the amount of intelligence displayed here, i doubt anyone will ask you anything. ever.
prodigalus
its called a joke you depressing shit
It really is amazing how easily people can begin internet arguments.
People can't take a joke for godshake
The interesting thing is that prodigalus can say the exact same thing to himself.
Congrats! I am a physicist and I can to say that your explanation is very useful and understandable for a complex topic
Literally i couldn't get this from 10 teachers and now i got it so quick... Thank you !!
very informative, love watching your videos!
Now I understand about 90% about the Transistor, thanks well explained. Truly with demonstration one can understand easily instead of words by words.
Out of words to express the greatness of this explanation.
Just a great deal of thanks.
Apart from the smiley silicon atoms, this video is super well done, if you already know what a transistor does you can only find this brilliant!
That is the most pleasing artists conception of electron motion I've seen in a diode. The way they look like they are magnetically sticking to the holes, then sort-of pop out just "feels" right. And the faster motion through the wire and corresponding slower motion across the width of the diode. I wonder, what is the tool used to make this animation? Thanks for the nice explanation of semiconductor junctions!
The tool used is Blender.
I checked it out. Wow, Blender has come a long way!
+Dennis Fox Yes it has. great open source software!!!!
good
+LegendLength
Were you TRYING to read or ACTUALLY reading ? Did you have a reading disability ?
Understand that there are no prizes for TRYING --- The success is in the DOING .....
I've always wanted to know how transistors work, and now I know~ :) very well described!!!
Mom- why don't you play with the neighbours' kids?
The neighbours' kids- 1:09
Super, oduševljen sam. Na jednostavan način objašnjen rad tranzistora. Hvala i onome ko je napravio prevod na srpsom jeziku.
Very interesting way of explanation.
Nice to know that !
If I may ask, what is the software used to illustrate these drawings? I'd love to draw some things in electrical things for my job.
Learn Engineering in the circuit with two transistors, what do u connect the emitter of the second transistor to?
Ground
That four handed smiley is horrific. Not even Lovecraft could have dreamed of such an unholy abomination...
Actually it helped me understand lol
Made me laugh. keep the creepy multi hand smiley!
Here we go... HP Love craft ftw!!!
Yes, the 4H smiley shall remain forever nameless. But if it did have a name, it would have to be Eldritch.
0:59
I think this is probably one of the best explanations of how transistors work
Thank you Sir, you are the only one who got the skill, the talent to make me understand with your diagram, what a transistor really is. I'm a beginner, and for three days I have been watch about a transistor on youtube and what I notice after was that their explainations doesn't even tickle my brain! Thank you very much again. Ty
Crystal-clear and well conceived. What a fantastic video. Thanks, Learn Engineering!
Hey, this is really great. I studied Electronics many years ago (more than a decade before the Internet), and this video really would have helped me then. I can confirm its correctness, and I appreciate the work.
A 5 minute video taught me more than what I learnt for 2 hours in one of the top universities in my country.
It's really deep.. I have enjoyed this cls. Literally I didn't get this much of clarity from any lecture notes. Thanx a lot guys♥️
Such an appreciable video.... really did a good job....never ever seen this clear vision about transistors ...thanks a lot 😎👍
A smal word of thanks would be so less in accordance to what i recived form this tutorial sso have a big vote of Thanks sir !!!
This was the MOST impressive (analogy) and pictograph of how a *Transister* 'actually' works! GREAT job!
A very well demonstrated way of showing how these work.
such a good and simplified explanation of the transistor's working principle, thank you so much !!!
Best lecture and visual..!! I learned nothing in my engineering courses compared to this video. Subscribed!!
I love this, the animation makes understanding, really simple.
This is the best animation, illustration and explanation of this concept! I'm a teacher of basic Physics. This will come in very handy. Thank you!
Sir..in few minutes you cleared many of my doubts which i have since years. Thats a great work..god bless
Great job !! the last few minutes could have been extended to explain them with more details
Me: Doesn't know what is a transistor
*watches this video
Me: Still doesn't know what is a transistor
Consider a computer memory. The only terms which computer can understand is 1 & 0. ie; either on(1) or off(2). Now let's talk about transistor.
If we feed a base voltage to a transisistor high enough the transistor starts conducting. We can call this ON state.
if the base voltage we fed isn't high enough the transistor stops conducting which we can call the ' OFF' state.
Computer interpret this ON state as 1 and..
OFF state as 0.
That's how computer works, it stores info and stuffs like that..
Learning about Working of the transistor is pretty simple if we first knew why and where do we use it.
Why the hell it has to act like a switch if we have a manual switch like the thing we use at our home??
Transistor is compact, doesn't have any moving parts and it is so so so so small hehe
@@spadikam9672 Oh, so basically if they receive a current that's too low they appear as "off" but if the current goes above a certain threshold they appear "on" and act accordingly. Lmao I honestly understood it better from your comment than the video
@@TheFilipFonky yeh.. that's exactly how it works hehee 😊🖐️
f
@@TheFilipFonky but how the computer decides when it needs a low voltage or high voltage for each transistor?
This is a sensational explanation of transistors!! Great job!
This video really helped me alot as am afraid of electronics a bit..!! Thank you very much for helping me out. :)
You shouldn't be afraid of electronics. My brother forgot more about electronics than I learned. But I studied it for about 4 years , 35 years ago, at evening classes. My brother sat at home watching TV and didn't do any studies. You'll be OK!
Perfect explanation.Thank you.🙏🙏🙏
This video is excellent
‘Silicon is useless in its original form.’ Four handed smiley silicon: 🙁
I had to watch like 5 videos talking about this, and jusn now i understand how it works.
Thank you
0:55
Narrator: "Let's replace this silicon atom with a four-handed smiley"
Me, creeped out: "Yeeeah, let's not!?"
nice animation , very simple and correct explanation ....
That's a good way to explain it. I was making transistors out to be more confusing than they really are. Also thank you for showing which way the current is really flowing; from Negative to Positive!!😊😊
The moment he talked about microphone and speaker, everything became clear to me.. like a revelation.. awesome!
Finally a good explanation!! Amazing
This channel is amazing. I'm an EE major and I'm trying to get a good conceptual understanding of this stuff before I take the actual classes. I'm still doing my prereqs right now, I.e., Calc, physics, chemistry, blah blah blah. Thanks guys, this is incredibly informative! I'm going to try to build my own simple circuits and stuff next summer on my own.
Wish I had this during college, would make visualizing a lot simpler.
what chem classes do u take
I'm in my electrical engineering summary course as a mechanical engineer. This video explains transistors whereas in class they just say to connect them like so to make this circuit and to take their word that it will work.
Props to this channel for making such high quality content! :D
Such an Amazing video to clarify the concepts ❤️🔥. Great Work ❤️
I can't focus because I'm laughing at the four handed smiley
when you realise that the creepy silicon is the reason why you will remember it for the rest of your life
Very nice explanation ,I was confused with this topic after reading book ,attending theory class but now my confusion is cleared. A big thanks
This video has made the concept crystal clear to me.Thanks a lot
Excellent description there. One of the best basics ive seen. Now do some on fets, scr and triacs.. :) If theyre as good as this one then nearly anyone should get it.
Yep. Lots of audio gear uses MOSFETS.
Nicely illustrated about the transistors. Thank you!
I really appreciate your hard work in preparing this tutorial video... I can understand the concept easily😌
1:20 I will probably see these things running towards me in my dreams
I freakin love this! Thank you!
you are a great explainer with this type of animation thank you for giving such type of videos for understanding the beauty of physics
Had I found this video more than 10 years ago, I would have one noble prize by now.
I'm expecting you to win one in 10 years from now then.
"This is a clear case of current amplification!"
Nothing is clear about this sir.
If you use a small power to open a tap, a large volume of water would drain out. Clear water example for gain OR amplification.
the current is amplified because electrons are flowing from both the batteries and not just one battery
@@blusky3591
i didn't see any batteries,
but 2 diodes
@@endurofan9854 I must be referring to 2 duracell batteries you can see in 5:10 . I might be wrong so if you feel like correcting me, please do.
watch it 5 more times