It is very admirable how he understands the great potential and also the risks. He has a beautiful intention to tread carefully with the people science will effect. Brilliant mind, caring heart. It's rare to see.
Yes, great show in Netflix also brought me here! Excellent work ... You are an innovative and courageous scientist - open and popular science.. I am 100% with you .. these issues need to be discussed... the issue with mosquitos and malaria and the epidemic of rats are great challenging ethical questions ! keep doing educational work ..
We need to consider this for all unnaturally introduced species. Lionfish in the Caribbean or Brown Tree Snakes on Guam, feral pigs virtually everywhere for example.
I understand that at the molecular level a CRISPR mediated gene drive works by copying the altered gene (and the drive containing CAS enzyme, and guide RNA) into the other chromosome containing the wild type allele through homology directed repair...In case of a suppressive drive that is designed to render the offsprings infertile or die before reproduction .. In a typical suppression drive, Where is this copying and homology directed repair happening. In the somatic cells of one of the “parents”, or the germline cells of the parents during gametogenesis? If the drive and altered gene is copied in the somatic cells of the organism that was inserted in, then wouldn't the organism perish/or not be able to reproduce, thus unable to pass on the drive/altered gene? Or is this copying happening in the Zygote off the offspring (thus all its somatic cells), or the germline of the offspring? What happens when a organism containing wild type allele mates with an organism containing the drive? If the copying is occurring in the Zygote stage, all somatic cells of the offspring will contain two copies of the altered gene and will be Homozygous recessive for the altered deleterious gene. Then how will the offspring be able to mate and SPREAD the drive before perishing (or not being able to reproduce). Or is the copying of the altered deleterious gene happening in the Germline of the offspring? How is it ensured that drive copying only occurs during gametogenesis and does not alter the somatic cells in either parent or offspring? Because if somatic cells were rendered homozygous drive would extinguish itself before being able to spread because in engineered gene drives the organism has to be homozygous with respect to the altered gene for it to have a deleterious effect....
excellent talk. The problem is that rarely people are interested in really understanding cience and technololgy, so it's dangerous that they give their opinions without enough information
I don't know, climate change is slow, obvious and could have been easily blocked early on but here we are. Still, I hope someday we can use Gene drives on all subpopulations of mosquitos to complete eradicate all mosquito vector diseases. That would be so much more cheaper then vaccinating the entire world.
I see your point, but I would disagree that it's obvious. At least to politicians and the public, who all have to take action to address the problem. Gene drives could even be negated by individual scientists, to whom the problems will be obvious.
I think this man talks about complex problems and does so by exposing the risks and proposing a social interaction between science and community that would make us evolve a lot. I also think that it is the God you named who writes in his book indissoluble truths that he does not even want to question.
So once you use crispr to produce a drive allele, the crispr components actually get transcribed, translated, and employed in the cell to affect the WT strand?
I wonder if there is any ongoing work for modifying both the crop or livestock, and then modifying the wild species specifically to only be susceptible to that modification? For instance, couldn’t we modify a plant to manufacture a tannin or other nutrient sequestering compound that does not occur in that plant species, and then only modify a pest such that it destroys a gene which codes for an protein that could help it digest that specific plant compound? You would only affect the nutrient availability of the plant, and only be modifying a pest as insurance against it developing a novel metabolic protein later on. In other words, you wouldn’t be affecting current wild phenotype, only the possibility of future phenotypes
@@FernandoGYanesH Thanks for the response. What about through bites or blood contact? It just sounds like there is way more opportunities for this technology to go wrong then is discussed.
@@rohrt1 Nothing should happen specifically with the gene drive and genes being transferred. The video states that for the edited gene to be passed on it requires sexual reproduction. What COULD happen through a bite or blood contact depends on what the gene is used for. For a crazy and very simplistic example, let's say someone grabs the gene that's responsible for the venom in a black widow spider and they transfer it to a hamster, so now that hamster's saliva is venomous. After a few generations and a lot of sexual reproduction a certain population of that species of hamster now has venomous bites. You grab one and it bites you, now it transfers the venom to your blood system and you get sick, just the same as if a black widow bit you instead. Again, this example is very "out there" and has many many things that are not taken into consideration. I don't think we have to worry much about mutated hamsters running around our cities.
Absolutely a concern. These organisms will now have crispr built into them as part of their DNA. Splicing it’s program wherever it can like a virus. This scientist is very intelligent to come up with this but without a failsafe this is extremely dangerous. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC91691/
One thing that is questionable to me is why Darpa is so interested in this development and also another thing that isnt discussed , hypothetically speaking what if someone took the mosquito and did the gene drive but added a virus to the species before releasing it into the wild population . Viruses can act as a catalyst much like the protein cas 9 which could alter our genes if bitten by said mosquito ... It would only effect our offspring right ? 😏
Not even someone adding it to the species what if the species bites someone with the virus and then bites another person boom your offspring will die or not be able to reproduce .
Pretty funny how this gene drive of mosquitoes is being released at the same time a brand new virus pops up hmmm ... 🤔🙄 but who knows maybe I'm being paranoid 😏
@@deann416 This is what concerns me . They are using RNA in the new vaccines . Where do they get that RNA ? I would say they probably get it from planned Parenthood . Bill gates loves this gmo mosquitoes and well he talks about lowering the worlds population so its kinda scary stuff .
Here is some weight to this dilemma. As a humans we mostly look from our perspective? What is best for us and usually we make a bad choices, trough the entire existence. Look where it lead us? To the extinction event! What if we start appreciating this poor diversity and opportunity to learn more from this diseases like malaria, etc. and from bacteria's, viruses, algae... learn how they live and what good for other species they bring? One thing is certain, they are living organisms too. Also they might provide us some crucial knowledge in some very important maters? We are just starting to understand some things, not only in technology and science but also our physicality, spirituality and other aspects of us.
there's already plenty of much more deadly weapons that governments have had for a century -- if they wanted a genocidal war they didn't need to wait for gene drive to do it, they could've just used conventional weapons. And they do -- the imperialists are already waging war and genocide *without* gene drive.
@@fast_harmonic_psychedelic the point is, you don't need someone wanting to do bad things, Albert Einstein e.g. was co-responsible for the invention of the atomic bomb. Its not a matter of good or bad people using or abusing knowledge and methods. Its a matter of how far will you go to 'save the world'. Those who want to save the world should make sure that the world does not have to be saved from themselves.
@@josephablack759 The fact is that EVERYTHING invented under capitalism can be used by the ruling class to serve their interests against the population, domestic or international, and that's going to be true until the class system is overthrown. So we just can't invent any technology or make any new inventions because if it? We should just not work on fighting malaria because of potentials? WE should censor science? There are bigger problems to worry about. Im not sure if you know this but there are still thousands of nuclear weapons on hair trigger alert, but instead you're focusing on restricting science and preventing revolutionary medical advances and restricting new methods that could eliminate the need for chemical pesticides to be sprayed in the air. It's pretty clear that you're okay with pesticides and nuclear weapons and you're strictly only interested in genetic engineering research making pesticides obsolete.
Make all animals taste like steak instead of chicken? Also make everything glow in the dark and save on electricity? Yet another candidate for "The Great Filter" that does us in. This is one powerful scary technology.
What are we going to do to preserve the species that exist? You can’t eliminate them with crispr contamination. I hope this is complicated and easy to fix errors of curious men.
Science has never been democratic, but the "commercialization" of it has made science more democratic; and, one day, maybe, Mr Svelt's idea of social democratic control of science will be a reality....
Netflix just brought me here What upsets me about the whole series was parents selecting only embryos with a certain eye color. Boy, if the NAZI’s had access to this technology back then, good lord. They would’ve weeded out any ethnic DNA and the world would’ve been full of muscle-bound blond hair blue eyed nazi boys 😳😳😳😳😳 I personally think this tech has benefits to weed out rats that kill off the bird species in NZ and mosquitos that carry Malaria in Africa, but on the negative side, when you give people the power to select the perfect child/embryo, that will most certainly be used for a superficial and/or nefarious purpose. Then again, I do believe we (humans) were made in lab by splicing DNA so are we playing God? Or are we just discovering something about our origins and the ability to manipulate it like our ancestors did way back when?
When we use ist for things like Mosquitos it could be the case, that it will also be used for Designerbabys and that is unatical. But isnt it unatical to not use an Technologie that could save 500.000 lives a Year?
The hero we need, but do not deserve. Thank you for your work Dr Kevin
WTF... The road to hell is filled with good intentions.
It is very admirable how he understands the great potential and also the risks. He has a beautiful intention to tread carefully with the people science will effect. Brilliant mind, caring heart. It's rare to see.
Yes, great show in Netflix also brought me here! Excellent work ... You are an innovative and courageous scientist - open and popular science.. I am 100% with you .. these issues need to be discussed... the issue with mosquitos and malaria and the epidemic of rats are great challenging ethical questions ! keep doing educational work ..
We need to consider this for all unnaturally introduced species. Lionfish in the Caribbean or Brown Tree Snakes on Guam, feral pigs virtually everywhere for example.
I understand that at the molecular level a CRISPR mediated gene drive works by copying the altered gene (and the drive containing CAS enzyme, and guide RNA) into the other chromosome containing the wild type allele through homology directed repair...In case of a suppressive drive that is designed to render the offsprings infertile or die before reproduction .. In a typical suppression drive, Where is this copying and homology directed repair happening. In the somatic cells of one of the “parents”, or the germline cells of the parents during gametogenesis? If the drive and altered gene is copied in the somatic cells of the organism that was inserted in, then wouldn't the organism perish/or not be able to reproduce, thus unable to pass on the drive/altered gene? Or is this copying happening in the Zygote off the offspring (thus all its somatic cells), or the germline of the offspring? What happens when a organism containing wild type allele mates with an organism containing the drive? If the copying is occurring in the Zygote stage, all somatic cells of the offspring will contain two copies of the altered gene and will be Homozygous recessive for the altered deleterious gene. Then how will the offspring be able to mate and SPREAD the drive before perishing (or not being able to reproduce). Or is the copying of the altered deleterious gene happening in the Germline of the offspring? How is it ensured that drive copying only occurs during gametogenesis and does not alter the somatic cells in either parent or offspring? Because if somatic cells were rendered homozygous drive would extinguish itself before being able to spread because in engineered gene drives the organism has to be homozygous with respect to the altered gene for it to have a deleterious effect....
Mr. Esvelt you're my hero
What if I don’t want my genes altered? Minimize contamination Because that’s what it is.
excellent talk. The problem is that rarely people are interested in really understanding cience and technololgy, so it's dangerous that they give their opinions without enough information
Excellent explanation of how a gene drive works
I don't know, climate change is slow, obvious and could have been easily blocked early on but here we are. Still, I hope someday we can use Gene drives on all subpopulations of mosquitos to complete eradicate all mosquito vector diseases. That would be so much more cheaper then vaccinating the entire world.
I see your point, but I would disagree that it's obvious. At least to politicians and the public, who all have to take action to address the problem.
Gene drives could even be negated by individual scientists, to whom the problems will be obvious.
I think this man is legitimately insane with a god complex one could only shudder at.
I think this man talks about complex problems and does so by exposing the risks and proposing a social interaction between science and community that would make us evolve a lot. I also think that it is the God you named who writes in his book indissoluble truths that he does not even want to question.
So once you use crispr to produce a drive allele, the crispr components actually get transcribed, translated, and employed in the cell to affect the WT strand?
sounds like what is happening post covid vaccine
@@scintilae670 nah not really at all
Excellent presentation! Thanks for that great discussion on gene drives.
I think they are already irresponsibly doing this, there are no laws anymore except for us to force us.
I wonder if there is any ongoing work for modifying both the crop or livestock, and then modifying the wild species specifically to only be susceptible to that modification? For instance, couldn’t we modify a plant to manufacture a tannin or other nutrient sequestering compound that does not occur in that plant species, and then only modify a pest such that it destroys a gene which codes for an protein that could help it digest that specific plant compound?
You would only affect the nutrient availability of the plant, and only be modifying a pest as insurance against it developing a novel metabolic protein later on. In other words, you wouldn’t be affecting current wild phenotype, only the possibility of future phenotypes
I have heard nothing about what happens when other animals eat these modified gene animals.
they die! Genes aren't transferred through the digestive system.
@@FernandoGYanesH Thanks for the response. What about through bites or blood contact? It just sounds like there is way more opportunities for this technology to go wrong then is discussed.
@@rohrt1 Nothing should happen specifically with the gene drive and genes being transferred. The video states that for the edited gene to be passed on it requires sexual reproduction. What COULD happen through a bite or blood contact depends on what the gene is used for.
For a crazy and very simplistic example, let's say someone grabs the gene that's responsible for the venom in a black widow spider and they transfer it to a hamster, so now that hamster's saliva is venomous. After a few generations and a lot of sexual reproduction a certain population of that species of hamster now has venomous bites. You grab one and it bites you, now it transfers the venom to your blood system and you get sick, just the same as if a black widow bit you instead.
Again, this example is very "out there" and has many many things that are not taken into consideration. I don't think we have to worry much about mutated hamsters running around our cities.
Absolutely a concern. These organisms will now have crispr built into them as part of their DNA. Splicing it’s program wherever it can like a virus. This scientist is very intelligent to come up with this but without a failsafe this is extremely dangerous. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC91691/
But if that bug were to bite you and it is carrying a virus it could then modify your own genetic code !
Thank you. I appreciate this.
Excellent explanation. Thanks!
One thing that is questionable to me is why Darpa is so interested in this development and also another thing that isnt discussed , hypothetically speaking what if someone took the mosquito and did the gene drive but added a virus to the species before releasing it into the wild population . Viruses can act as a catalyst much like the protein cas 9 which could alter our genes if bitten by said mosquito ... It would only effect our offspring right ? 😏
Not even someone adding it to the species what if the species bites someone with the virus and then bites another person boom your offspring will die or not be able to reproduce .
Pretty funny how this gene drive of mosquitoes is being released at the same time a brand new virus pops up hmmm ... 🤔🙄 but who knows maybe I'm being paranoid 😏
@@dustmite31able can this gene drive be used in this new vaccine? mRNA... its a new type of vaccine...🤔
@@deann416 This is what concerns me . They are using RNA in the new vaccines . Where do they get that RNA ? I would say they probably get it from planned Parenthood . Bill gates loves this gmo mosquitoes and well he talks about lowering the worlds population so its kinda scary stuff .
I dont doubt that they are trying to edit the human genome . Ppl are sheep .
Thank you sir
and mrna shots will save us from cvid too
What is the result about that. Do you know that. I watched in netfilix. He took gene in body. Are he ok now. Or this is bullshıt
Here is some weight to this dilemma. As a humans we mostly look from our perspective? What is best for us and usually we make a bad choices, trough the entire existence. Look where it lead us? To the extinction event!
What if we start appreciating this poor diversity and opportunity to learn more from this diseases like malaria, etc. and from bacteria's, viruses, algae... learn how they live and what good for other species they bring? One thing is certain, they are living organisms too. Also they might provide us some crucial knowledge in some very important maters? We are just starting to understand some things, not only in technology and science but also our physicality, spirituality and other aspects of us.
I have a feeling that this might be used as a genocidal warfare.
there's already plenty of much more deadly weapons that governments have had for a century -- if they wanted a genocidal war they didn't need to wait for gene drive to do it, they could've just used conventional weapons. And they do -- the imperialists are already waging war and genocide *without* gene drive.
@@fast_harmonic_psychedelic the point is, you don't need someone wanting to do bad things, Albert Einstein e.g. was co-responsible for the invention of the atomic bomb. Its not a matter of good or bad people using or abusing knowledge and methods. Its a matter of how far will you go to 'save the world'.
Those who want to save the world should make sure that the world does not have to be saved from themselves.
@@josephablack759 The fact is that EVERYTHING invented under capitalism can be used by the ruling class to serve their interests against the population, domestic or international, and that's going to be true until the class system is overthrown. So we just can't invent any technology or make any new inventions because if it? We should just not work on fighting malaria because of potentials? WE should censor science?
There are bigger problems to worry about. Im not sure if you know this but there are still thousands of nuclear weapons on hair trigger alert, but instead you're focusing on restricting science and preventing revolutionary medical advances and restricting new methods that could eliminate the need for chemical pesticides to be sprayed in the air. It's pretty clear that you're okay with pesticides and nuclear weapons and you're strictly only interested in genetic engineering research making pesticides obsolete.
Make all animals taste like steak instead of chicken? Also make everything glow in the dark and save on electricity? Yet another candidate for "The Great Filter" that does us in. This is one powerful scary technology.
What are we going to do to preserve the species that exist? You can’t eliminate them with crispr contamination. I hope this is complicated and easy to fix errors of curious men.
creepy as fuck but great lesson
Science has never been democratic, but the "commercialization" of it has made science more democratic; and, one day, maybe, Mr Svelt's idea of social democratic control of science will be a reality....
What if you alter the pest to not desire the food but maybe desire eating the Flesh of the farmer
😂😂😂
Drive the jellyfish then chop them up so they spread faster and collapse faster
IMPFEN❓VACCIN❓❓
this will be the end of life
Kill the jellyfish, save da fish
Mess around with genes, the Almighty is ready for you and your friends!
Netflix just brought me here
What upsets me about the whole series was parents selecting only embryos with a certain eye color.
Boy, if the NAZI’s had access to this technology back then, good lord.
They would’ve weeded out any ethnic DNA and the world would’ve been full of muscle-bound blond hair blue eyed nazi boys 😳😳😳😳😳
I personally think this tech has benefits to weed out rats that kill off the bird species in NZ and mosquitos that carry Malaria in Africa, but on the negative side, when you give people the power to select the perfect child/embryo, that will most certainly be used for a superficial and/or nefarious purpose.
Then again, I do believe we (humans) were made in lab by splicing DNA so are we playing God? Or are we just discovering something about our origins and the ability to manipulate it like our ancestors did way back when?
Did "unnatural selection" also brought you here? Such a good series. I think I am going to watch it twice.
I think they think it will fill some need, but that is an empty hole that can never be filled.
When we use ist for things like Mosquitos it could be the case, that it will also be used for Designerbabys and that is unatical. But isnt it unatical to not use an Technologie that could save 500.000 lives a Year?
There is non genedrive funktions in the Human genome, in natura it only exist in 50%of bacteria and 90%of archeea, stop being so stupid
Fkyu