True chemist on youtube. Your contributions towards public education is greatly appreciated. One day, we'll make a bust out of you once we know your identity.
transhealthy After several minutes of kicking the door is kicked down, exposing the dimly lit lab beyond. The air is thick with the smell of... nothing (Always use a fumehood!) Cautiously you approach the figure in the shadows. Quickly darting forward you snatch at the labcoat... which falls away revealing nothing but a tape recorder. 'Goodbye fellow nurd...' Only then do you notice the ominously bubbling beaker. The explosion is heard three miles away.
NurdRage Hey, where can I learn more about you? Like why aren't you in a school or research institute, using their resources for your videos? Maybe you can work with KhanAcademy to get proper funding to educate the world! I've contributed but it's sad to see quality education videos, produced by awesome people like you having to rely on (though not fully I assume) donation rather than to have enough earnings from your videos to fund them.
Why the hell do people dislike this content? He spends time out of HIS life, and spends HIS money, to make quality content for you guys! Why dislike that?
Maybe because it's their opinion, and there is an option to dislike what you don't neccesarily enjoy? Don't get me wrong, i love this channel, but people have a right to their opinion.
I'm gonna say no, not unless you do it separately, in an anhydrous environment. Not sure what lead sulphide chemical formula is in Galena, but this is how you could do it for sodium sulphide: 2 Na2S + 2 Br2 = 2 NaBr +S2Br2 Then the sulfur bromide could be used like in this reaction with water. An easier way to make sulfuric acid would be to mix mineral oil and sulfur together and heat. This will produce tons of hydrogen sulfide. This can react with copper sulfate or produce insoluble copper sulfide and sulfuric acid. Copper sulfate could be made from oxidizing copper sulfite I bet, possibly via electrolysis, or That could be made via sulfur dioxide, water, and copper oxide/hydroxode. No point in making it though when you can buy ammonium sulfate in bulk. It's magical stuff: heat it up and it releases lots of ammonia gas as it forms ammonium bisulfate. Ammonium bisulfate acts much like sulfuric acid for most double displacement reactions, just lower yield and lots of ammonium contamination. You can mix it with a nitrate to distill nitric acid, though. Ditto for almost all other acids that can boil away.
I love watching your videos. I did not do well in Chemistry in high school, but with the way you explain things, I can follow along and understand how you're getting from Point A to Point B without feeling like a complete dunce. So, thank you.
Recomended current density for a graphite anode is 30mA/cm^2 :) And bromide concentration in the solution also matters, because too low may also cause excessive anode wear. Hope this helps!
Nurdrage! I just wanted to say that this video is awesome and that I'm really happy that you've been making more videos. Also I'd like to apologize for not supporting you financially. I'm a student and things are rough but once I graduate I'll be donating. Keep it up!
I always enjoy watching your videos thank you! Before watching them i had almost zero interest in chemistry. Based on an earlier suggestion of yours i looked and bought robert bruce Thompsons home chemistry book and have been slowly building up a small amount of chemistry equipment. I have successfully completed about 2% of your experiments but still enjoy watching every one of them. I particularly like the safety element of you include in your videos since i dont have a lab nor a fume hood. It's great to have you back. I know from trying to get my own lab equipment that it can be expensive and after watching your previous video will try to throw some funds your way. Thank you and look forward to seeing more of your videos! By the way really liked the video on the thermocouple. Listening to you freak out on the price tag issue was funny as hell!
My $2 going to good use. This is the type of stuff I'd wished I had learned in chemistry class, but no we just got the girls track coach doubling as a chemistry teacher.
Super intriguing method! Can't wait to see or read about your improvements -especially due to the lack of sources for "electrobromination" route of acid production. Top notch as always
You rock bro, thanks for the lessons. Maybe you can put a filter/screen on the rod/rods to hold the graphite dust? Probably cost some power through resistance though I guess..That was alot of current though and it took forever...Fully submerged electrodes may make a difference by avoiding gas but I don't know for sure.
What you can do and think of is so over my head. I can build and fabricate and design robots and other things, but what you are able to do I wish I could understand and think like you do. I love your videos. Thank you
You mentioning the stench of Sulphur Bromines..... that's why I first got into chemistry when I was a kid..... the idea of brewing up some unholy stenches.
I'd just like to add that you should always have a bucket of a thiosulfate solution around whenever you're working with bromine. If something goes wrong you can use the thiosulfate to oxidise the bromine to bromide. This is one of the safety mesures we always use in the university labs in Freiburg, whenever we're handling bromine. Lab safety is important.
I have another interesting reaction to propose to you, Nurd, which also happen to involve SO2. The Bunsen reaction: 2H2O + SO2 + I2 → H2SO4 + 2HI (120 °C) The H2SO4 and the I2 + HI solution are roughly immiscible, so the H2SO4 can be separated (top layer) You recover your iodine either by 2HI → I2 + H2 (450 °C) or by oxydizing it with a cheap oxydant, like say 2HI + MgO = MgI2 + H2O + I2 Please don't bite my head off...
Isn't reaction of MgO and HI a simple acid-base reaction instead of a redox reaction? Also, I2 is also a really expensive element, so I guess Br2 can be used instead. But for purely academic purpose, it may work (although HI and H2SO4 are miscible as the first reaction is aqueous).
Amazing video as always Nurdrage! Thank you! Hopefully you can find some cheap Platinized anodes that will work for you. Also, I doubt MMO would work, but if you care to try it I have a bunch of surplus mesh MMO anode material, I could send you a couple strips to play with.
A qustion, can lead electrodes (or better yet lead silver alloy electrodes) be used instead of graphite? Can PbO2 coated graphite electrodes be used instead?
+Anon technically this is a transmission of data over State lines- so is a email, or a out of State fax. Such transmission do not grant a patent, but they do offer protection in time to file for a patent. Its sort of like a temporary patent.
I remember 'discovering' a process like this when reading about sulfur chlorides. (Salt and hydrogen peroxide.) I can imagine there wouldn't be much about this in the literature as it's basically just cobbled together from interesting reactions, a possibility but likely not of industrial importance.
Please, next time when you have a more effective technique show us more details on what temp we should distill at and the voltage and amps you use for electrolysis.
If you can make a sealed system and use the platinum electrodes, it seems you should be able to almost infinitely recycle your bromine making the process fairly cost effective, provided you are producing large quantities.
I wonder how this compares to the membrane process. this can directly oxidize sulfur while the membrane process needs any sulfate salt and a catalyst NaOH CaSO4, MgSO4 with an anion exchange membrane or NF membrane where the latter is cheaper and can be homemade. ammonium sulfate can be used with CEM and also NF membranes with CEM being easy to make and just needs a few commonly bought items and a temperature controlled toaster oven.
I came across the Bunsen reaction using Iodine and Sulfur Dioxide: I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O → 2 HI + H2SO4 (120 °C); Bunsen reaction If you produced SO2 (e.g. burning sulfur) and bubbled the gas into Hydrobromic acid, would this give H2SO4? It seems this might be less messy than the electrobromine process. If electrolysis was still needed, SO2 is still pretty soluble in water, and would avoid the sulfur floating around. Thoughts?
Here is the main question i have! I noticed that you did NOT have the "Time to crush your dreams" disclaimer. Does that in fact imply that this method is more budget friendly? Also, As someone who electrorefines recycled copper to get a premium off of blemished wire and tube, I would assume that current density was pretty high. I have no real idea what the max is for the exact setup you used, but to get a reliable, solid, and consistent copper buildup (closer to copper plating than simple uncontrolled electrowinning), the optimal voltage is less than .3V, with a current density less than a TINY 10-20 mA/cm2. What is cool is that it has a greater than 99.9% purity post processing, and the overall power required is .75kWh/KG (much higher for my stuff than in the resources I saw due to other losses). Current density CAN be raised for a faster process time... but since I am a college student in NO rush, I dont really care. I keep it low and slow just to have some metallic company in my garage. :-P In your case, since you are NOT trying to achieve the same type of result (a solid piece of copper vs dissociated sulfuric acid ions), that automatically gives you a big boost to the current density, but based on the nature of electrodes you have avaliable, I would see how 100, 250, and 500 mA/cm2 perform. Typically, in my experiments, it was the increased voltage that caused more waste, heat, and destruction. The only way to raise the current density of course was by reducing resistance adding more acid, OR by overcoming resistance with voltage... Acid is expensive, and destruction wasnt my goal... so back to low and slow. I used a manufacturing process datasheet to determine this information. IIRC, the one linked below. www.ct.ufrgs.br/ntcm/graduacao/ENG06631/5-b_copper.pdf I do use some of the other more advanced setups they note, including polarity reversal to remove nodules. (LOVED that microscope video you made where you could see the traces grow into massive branches when energized) This process of polarity reversal, I do 20:1, again, time and waste are not as big to me, and get great results. This was the video you made that I love sharing with others... SO cool. ruclips.net/video/fnyBldC4Ra4/видео.html
Nice one mate. Another method I have read about but not found too much info on is the sulfur, water and ozone method. Basically putting sulfur in water and then bubbling ozone through it. have you read about that?
I don't know much about chemistry but I like the cool color changes but I noticed that the material on NurdRage arm is porous and possibly absorbent. Considering your using such different and reactive chemicals how is this safe?
An alternative to lantern batteries for carbon rods possibly carbon gouging electrodes. They're clad in copper so its just a matter of pealing the part in contact with the solution away
Since the reaction is an acidic redox reaction where Br- ions are oxidized to Br2, is the HBr solution necessary, or could it be substituted with an NaBr solution (to provide the Br- ions) and HCl (to provide the H+ ions)? Or does this process also have to do with the fact that HBr is a stronger acid than H2SO4? Just started studying electrochemistry, so there may be something blatantly obvious that I'm overlooking :P
TheChemistryShack Redox potentials change with pH. For example Permanganate is quite stable in alkaline solution but in acid can cause organic materials to combust. NaBr would also tend to produce sodium sulphate\bisulphate (Hard to eliminate as a waste product.)
TheChemistryShack Sort of. Sodium bisulphate can be quite volatile at those temperatures and traces of it contaminate the product. Plus they'd be a significant loss if you wanted enough bromide for a good reaction.
I have always wondered how much chemicals do you spend on cleaning your glassware and what do you use? The stuff that you do isn't something that is easily scrubbed off, even with detergent.
is there a feasable way of making sulphamic acid. i only finde wiki page where thay very breafly explain the industrial prosess. using urea and sulfuric acid and some other stuff. i want to make it for gold refining, denoxing agent. as it aparently work better than urea.
Very impressive although I know nothing about chemistry. I thought common acids were "easy" to produce in industry. What would the benefit of this process be?
NurdRage next time try multiple lead points for copper or a full ring of it with multiple connection points for the cathode. more even current flow and try it at switching between 1.65 amps and 2.00 amps every 2.5 hrs. for about 45 hrs
Interesting set of reactions. Looks like one of the carbon electrodes got attacked at the solution interface. I wonder if there was some oxygen there? Could inserting the carbon electrode in a ceramic tube would shield it from interface effects. Why 5M HBr - that seems stout if the HBr is not consumed. Nice job, thanks
Awesome videos, it would be rad to follow in the great inventors foot steps who photography was invented with silver iodide and the deguerre process with mercury.
I know you stated you don't want to use platinum because it is expensive, but what about a platinized titanium anode. I have two that are mesh titanium with a fine coating of platinum. They both work really well. I got mine off of amazon a few years back for 30 dollars or so each.
Ravtank1 The problem with those is that any exposed titanium will start dissolving. hydrobromic acid is extremely corrosive to titanium. If it has a coating of platinum then it must be a perfect coat, no cracks. But it's extremely rare to have a perfect coat. Especially on the cheaper electrodes.
+NurdRage Amazon has a 2 pack small platinum electrodes for 43 dollars, free shipping. www.amazon.com/American-Educational-Platinum-Electrode-Pack/dp/B005QEGK2W/ref=sr_1_31?s=industrial&srs=3016824011&ie=UTF8&qid=1441354845&sr=1-31
Nice RUclips Channel, Do you think, that you create all the chemical compunds, only using Elements? I thought that could be a great idea for your channel! ☺
I did not tell you. what you couldn't do, I told you that what you can do, you may take this idea and maybe learn from these experiences. p.s I always wanted to be able to transform chemical elements into compound elements, from the elements that can be found in nature. and after using the compounds obtained to create others
good one. its got me thinking. doesnt burned sulfur bubbled thru water make acid ? meanwhile a new idea ... its based on how wal-mart wants an old battery in exchange when you buy a new one. they charge you $12 absent this 'core' well the old one has a bunch of acid in it. and more so if you first give it a charge. then dump it into a pan. distill to clean it up. and voila, you have sulfuric acid in the 25-35% range.
I didn't know Anonymous did Chemistry. Good for them
Miguel Sanchez needs more upvotes
lmao this comment
Savage
I wonder if he's Virgo
122
*112th
True chemist on youtube. Your contributions towards public education is greatly appreciated. One day, we'll make a bust out of you once we know your identity.
nura loh The bust will just be a black box with a button. You push the button and a voice comes out that says "greetings fellow nurds".
transhealthy After several minutes of kicking the door is kicked down, exposing the dimly lit lab beyond. The air is thick with the smell of... nothing (Always use a fumehood!) Cautiously you approach the figure in the shadows. Quickly darting forward you snatch at the labcoat... which falls away revealing nothing but a tape recorder.
'Goodbye fellow nurd...'
Only then do you notice the ominously bubbling beaker. The explosion is heard three miles away.
***** Shhh
*****
First we attack Iron Maiden, then Led Zeppelin. How dare these western dogs misappropriate the names of elements?!
+Gareth Dean lol
Thank you everyone for supporting me on patreon, indiegogo and youtube fan funding! My next video will be a thank you and shoutout to all contibutors.
No, we should give the thanks for such great videos!!
***** People can afford to donate $150 and I can't even have $50 to get basic lab glassware... Life is unfair.
PS: Congratulations for your move pal!
Thanks to you mate!
My first chemical channel
Giorgos Metalhear I feel that bro
NurdRage Hey, where can I learn more about you? Like why aren't you in a school or research institute, using their resources for your videos? Maybe you can work with KhanAcademy to get proper funding to educate the world! I've contributed but it's sad to see quality education videos, produced by awesome people like you having to rely on (though not fully I assume) donation rather than to have enough earnings from your videos to fund them.
Why the hell do people dislike this content? He spends time out of HIS life, and spends HIS money, to make quality content for you guys! Why dislike that?
ikr. this guy seriously is cool
GamingWithViro -Viro- Jealousy.
Haha maybe :P
GamingWithViro -Viro- probably misclicks
Maybe because it's their opinion, and there is an option to dislike what you don't neccesarily enjoy? Don't get me wrong, i love this channel, but people have a right to their opinion.
Can something like this work with galena instead of sulfur?
Cody'sLab assuming it's what you need the galena for
Cody'sLab btw big fan :)
CODY!!!!!!! I LOVE YOU!!!
I'm gonna say no, not unless you do it separately, in an anhydrous environment. Not sure what lead sulphide chemical formula is in Galena, but this is how you could do it for sodium sulphide:
2 Na2S + 2 Br2 = 2 NaBr +S2Br2
Then the sulfur bromide could be used like in this reaction with water.
An easier way to make sulfuric acid would be to mix mineral oil and sulfur together and heat. This will produce tons of hydrogen sulfide. This can react with copper sulfate or produce insoluble copper sulfide and sulfuric acid.
Copper sulfate could be made from oxidizing copper sulfite I bet, possibly via electrolysis, or That could be made via sulfur dioxide, water, and copper oxide/hydroxode.
No point in making it though when you can buy ammonium sulfate in bulk. It's magical stuff: heat it up and it releases lots of ammonia gas as it forms ammonium bisulfate.
Ammonium bisulfate acts much like sulfuric acid for most double displacement reactions, just lower yield and lots of ammonium contamination. You can mix it with a nitrate to distill nitric acid, though.
Ditto for almost all other acids that can boil away.
You could roast the galena and take the SO2 and revert it back to elemental sulfur :D
I'm showing this to my bromides back at home.
Goldfish_Vender You don't think they'll find it a little too shocking?
Hah. Stop.
🤦♂️
I love watching your videos. I did not do well in Chemistry in high school, but with the way you explain things, I can follow along and understand how you're getting from Point A to Point B without feeling like a complete dunce. So, thank you.
really glad at the sudden increase in video production.
***** I agree, happy to see the channel getting more active. :)
That just means he back at it with his murderous ways. U might be his next victim
I don't mind dying for science nor fun xD
RuggedALAN She*
Connor Murray We don't know if NurdRage is a he or she definitively.
Recomended current density for a graphite anode is 30mA/cm^2 :) And bromide concentration in the solution also matters, because too low may also cause excessive anode wear. Hope this helps!
Nurdrage! I just wanted to say that this video is awesome and that I'm really happy that you've been making more videos. Also I'd like to apologize for not supporting you financially. I'm a student and things are rough but once I graduate I'll be donating. Keep it up!
I always enjoy watching your videos thank you! Before watching them i had almost zero interest in chemistry. Based on an earlier suggestion of yours i looked and bought robert bruce Thompsons home chemistry book and have been slowly building up a small amount of chemistry equipment. I have successfully completed about 2% of your experiments but still enjoy watching every one of them. I particularly like the safety element of you include in your videos since i dont have a lab nor a fume hood. It's great to have you back. I know from trying to get my own lab equipment that it can be expensive and after watching your previous video will try to throw some funds your way. Thank you and look forward to seeing more of your videos! By the way really liked the video on the thermocouple. Listening to you freak out on the price tag issue was funny as hell!
nice!
A video every week and I can't be any happier!
My $2 going to good use. This is the type of stuff I'd wished I had learned in chemistry class, but no we just got the girls track coach doubling as a chemistry teacher.
Ur awesome nurd rage. Good to have u back!
It's always good to know another way to make sulfuric acid.
Don't understand how anyone would dislike this???
one of the best chemistry videos on youtube ive watched this many times
Super intriguing method! Can't wait to see or read about your improvements -especially due to the lack of sources for "electrobromination" route of acid production. Top notch as always
You rock bro, thanks for the lessons. Maybe you can put a filter/screen on the rod/rods to hold the graphite dust? Probably cost some power through resistance though I guess..That was alot of current though and it took forever...Fully submerged electrodes may make a difference by avoiding gas but I don't know for sure.
It's so cool that you discovered a new process of making sulfuric acid.
It’s so cool actually and making disulfer dibromide into a process of making sulfuric acid is really hard to do
Thanks man its really effective and destroying flesh, some bones were left though :(
What you can do and think of is so over my head. I can build and fabricate and design robots and other things, but what you are able to do I wish I could understand and think like you do. I love your videos. Thank you
You should put the links for the funding in all your videos
gladion00 Brilliant idea! i'm on it.
You mentioning the stench of Sulphur Bromines..... that's why I first got into chemistry when I was a kid..... the idea of brewing up some unholy stenches.
yesssssssssssssss Haven't seen your videos for quite a while,,I'm Glad Your are updating your channel!!!!
i have 0 idea what he was saying but i enjoy the cool vid :D
does this guy have a doctorate? he's amazing
MusicKnowte think so
MusicKnowte He does, he is a PhD in Chemistry
I'd just like to add that you should always have a bucket of a thiosulfate solution around whenever you're working with bromine. If something goes wrong you can use the thiosulfate to oxidise the bromine to bromide. This is one of the safety mesures we always use in the university labs in Freiburg, whenever we're handling bromine. Lab safety is important.
Thanks for the short intro video, I really appreciate it,
I have another interesting reaction to propose to you, Nurd, which also happen to involve SO2.
The Bunsen reaction: 2H2O + SO2 + I2 → H2SO4 + 2HI (120 °C)
The H2SO4 and the I2 + HI solution are roughly immiscible, so the H2SO4 can be separated (top layer)
You recover your iodine either by 2HI → I2 + H2 (450 °C)
or by oxydizing it with a cheap oxydant, like say 2HI + MgO = MgI2 + H2O + I2
Please don't bite my head off...
Isn't reaction of MgO and HI a simple acid-base reaction instead of a redox reaction? Also, I2 is also a really expensive element, so I guess Br2 can be used instead. But for purely academic purpose, it may work (although HI and H2SO4 are miscible as the first reaction is aqueous).
If I wasn't broke and in debt I would contribute to your patreon dude. Keep doing what you're doing man.
This is awesome NurdRage! Refine that method and get this published!
Oh you know just came up with a new way to make sulfuric acid. Nbd bro
Is it possible to use graphite from pencils instead of carbon rods?
I bet that jar of sulphur smells amazing.
I have no idea what's going on but it looks neat.
NurdRage It also looks like the vapors from the reaction corroded your alligator clips on the electrodes pretty badly.
Magneto! kek
tGhIeNrGmEiRte wat?
Magneto! You can see how the material has been attacked at 1:10 and 2:50
Magneto! I think he means a knew word "kek". Its for "insulting" people...
UNNÖTIGE VIDEOS kek
I love how much you love to do what you do..
شكرا لانك ترجمة هذا الفلم للغة العربية انا متابع ومشترك من العراق
Amazing video as always Nurdrage! Thank you! Hopefully you can find some cheap Platinized anodes that will work for you. Also, I doubt MMO would work, but if you care to try it I have a bunch of surplus mesh MMO anode material, I could send you a couple strips to play with.
Is this procedure more for the science, or do you use it to make sulfuric acid instead of buying sulfuric acid online?
tank you. I love sulfuric acid and nitric acid
add then together with glycerine and u have nitroglycerine BOOOM
Excellent video! I'm sure refining this method will improve yield and purity.
only the best, never disappoints.
To heck with the yield: forge boldly onward! Nice job and interesting.
A qustion, can lead electrodes (or better yet lead silver alloy electrodes) be used instead of graphite? Can PbO2 coated graphite electrodes be used instead?
very very cool video. i didn't know about this method, thumbs up :)
+Anon technically this is a transmission of data over State lines- so is a email, or a out of State fax. Such transmission do not grant a patent, but they do offer protection in time to file for a patent. Its sort of like a temporary patent.
Can i rrplace that acid with other commonly used acid!!????
Damn really needed that process
Great Job! I am doing this, using pieces of catalytic converter with platinum plating as my catalyst! :) Thanks!
أطال الله عمره الشيخ ورزقه دخول المسجد الأقصى مكبر ومهللا وفاتحا مع الصادقين من هذه الامة
I remember 'discovering' a process like this when reading about sulfur chlorides. (Salt and hydrogen peroxide.) I can imagine there wouldn't be much about this in the literature as it's basically just cobbled together from interesting reactions, a possibility but likely not of industrial importance.
I always learn cool things watching your channel. Cheers!
Please, next time when you have a more effective technique show us more details on what temp we should distill at and the voltage and amps you use for electrolysis.
Is sulfurous acid done with this method?
Yours truly
I do not understand any of this, but i still watch these videos and think they are prettycool lol
If you can make a sealed system and use the platinum electrodes, it seems you should be able to almost infinitely recycle your bromine making the process fairly cost effective, provided you are producing large quantities.
what is the industrial and most efficient method of getting sulfuric acid? this exact method does not seem to me efficient.
Very interesting process, but wouldn't someone who can get hydrobromic acid, be able to get sulfuric acid for sure?
I wonder how this compares to the membrane process.
this can directly oxidize sulfur while the membrane process needs any sulfate salt and a catalyst NaOH
CaSO4, MgSO4 with an anion exchange membrane or NF membrane where the latter is cheaper and can be homemade.
ammonium sulfate can be used with CEM and also NF membranes with CEM being easy to make and just needs a few commonly bought items and a temperature controlled toaster oven.
Can you use HCL instead of HBR?
I came across the Bunsen reaction using Iodine and Sulfur Dioxide:
I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O
→ 2 HI + H2SO4 (120 °C); Bunsen reaction
If you produced SO2 (e.g. burning sulfur) and bubbled the gas into Hydrobromic acid, would this give H2SO4? It seems this might be less messy than the electrobromine process. If electrolysis was still needed, SO2 is still pretty soluble in water, and would avoid the sulfur floating around. Thoughts?
Here is the main question i have! I noticed that you did NOT have the "Time to crush your dreams" disclaimer. Does that in fact imply that this method is more budget friendly?
Also, As someone who electrorefines recycled copper to get a premium off of blemished wire and tube, I would assume that current density was pretty high. I have no real idea what the max is for the exact setup you used, but to get a reliable, solid, and consistent copper buildup (closer to copper plating than simple uncontrolled electrowinning), the optimal voltage is less than .3V, with a current density less than a TINY 10-20 mA/cm2. What is cool is that it has a greater than 99.9% purity post processing, and the overall power required is .75kWh/KG (much higher for my stuff than in the resources I saw due to other losses). Current density CAN be raised for a faster process time... but since I am a college student in NO rush, I dont really care. I keep it low and slow just to have some metallic company in my garage. :-P
In your case, since you are NOT trying to achieve the same type of result (a solid piece of copper vs dissociated sulfuric acid ions), that automatically gives you a big boost to the current density, but based on the nature of electrodes you have avaliable, I would see how 100, 250, and 500 mA/cm2 perform. Typically, in my experiments, it was the increased voltage that caused more waste, heat, and destruction. The only way to raise the current density of course was by reducing resistance adding more acid, OR by overcoming resistance with voltage... Acid is expensive, and destruction wasnt my goal... so back to low and slow.
I used a manufacturing process datasheet to determine this information. IIRC, the one linked below.
www.ct.ufrgs.br/ntcm/graduacao/ENG06631/5-b_copper.pdf
I do use some of the other more advanced setups they note, including polarity reversal to remove nodules. (LOVED that microscope video you made where you could see the traces grow into massive branches when energized) This process of polarity reversal, I do 20:1, again, time and waste are not as big to me, and get great results. This was the video you made that I love sharing with others... SO cool.
ruclips.net/video/fnyBldC4Ra4/видео.html
Nice one mate. Another method I have read about but not found too much info on is the sulfur, water and ozone method. Basically putting sulfur in water and then bubbling ozone through it. have you read about that?
Your videos are amazing
+NurdRage Hi wanted to know if instead of using the Bromic acid could use boric acid or other acid
I don't know much about chemistry but I like the cool color changes but I noticed that the material on NurdRage arm is porous and possibly absorbent. Considering your using such different and reactive chemicals how is this safe?
This is awesome.
What about the Lead Chamber process?
An alternative to lantern batteries for carbon rods possibly carbon gouging electrodes. They're clad in copper so its just a matter of pealing the part in contact with the solution away
I will probably do this later.
Since the reaction is an acidic redox reaction where Br- ions are oxidized to Br2, is the HBr solution necessary, or could it be substituted with an NaBr solution (to provide the Br- ions) and HCl (to provide the H+ ions)?
Or does this process also have to do with the fact that HBr is a stronger acid than H2SO4?
Just started studying electrochemistry, so there may be something blatantly obvious that I'm overlooking :P
TheChemistryShack Redox potentials change with pH. For example Permanganate is quite stable in alkaline solution but in acid can cause organic materials to combust. NaBr would also tend to produce sodium sulphate\bisulphate (Hard to eliminate as a waste product.)
Gareth Dean I suppose the sodium sulfates could be removed in the distillation
TheChemistryShack
Sort of. Sodium bisulphate can be quite volatile at those temperatures and traces of it contaminate the product. Plus they'd be a significant loss if you wanted enough bromide for a good reaction.
Gareth Dean true
I'd recommend investigating permeable plastic sheets/bags to contain the carbon rods
Wouldn't a mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode work? I've seen good deals for them on eBay.
Try using 316l welding rods from local welding supply and lower the amps to .1 to .5 or so at 12 volts.
Dr. Stone lead me here
How does this process compare to the processes they use now for industrial creation of H2SO4?
I have always wondered how much chemicals do you spend on cleaning your glassware and what do you use? The stuff that you do isn't something that is easily scrubbed off, even with detergent.
is there a feasable way of making sulphamic acid. i only finde wiki page where thay very breafly explain the industrial prosess. using urea and sulfuric acid and some other stuff. i want to make it for gold refining, denoxing agent. as it aparently work better than urea.
hi, when may I know when the electrolysis has finished, what should I have in the beaker to start the reflux and how can I identify it.
Very impressive although I know nothing about chemistry. I thought common acids were "easy" to produce in industry. What would the benefit of this process be?
gamingSlasher it is on a large scale if you invest millions in the equipment
It could probably be done to explore the science behind it. Nothing more, nothing less.
is that acid that can burn please make a video of you marketing the acid I asked you to make
Hey nurdrage can you make any super acid? Or at least hydrofluoric acid?
NurdRage next time try multiple lead points for copper or a full ring of it with multiple connection points for the cathode. more even current flow and try it at switching between 1.65 amps and 2.00 amps every 2.5 hrs. for about 45 hrs
Could you use a gold electrode instead of carbon? What about in the CuSO method? Platinum is very expensive.
Nice work!
I absolutely idolise you brilliant video!
...this is why your the best!!!
It’s been awhile since this video came out...any updates to the process?
What is the temperature for this process ? It should be lower or higher ?
Interesting set of reactions. Looks like one of the carbon electrodes got attacked at the solution interface. I wonder if there was some oxygen there? Could inserting the carbon electrode in a ceramic tube would shield it from interface effects. Why 5M HBr - that seems stout if the HBr is not consumed. Nice job, thanks
Awesome videos, it would be rad to follow in the great inventors foot steps who photography was invented with silver iodide and the deguerre process with mercury.
I know you stated you don't want to use platinum because it is expensive, but what about a platinized titanium anode. I have two that are mesh titanium with a fine coating of platinum. They both work really well. I got mine off of amazon a few years back for 30 dollars or so each.
Ravtank1 The problem with those is that any exposed titanium will start dissolving. hydrobromic acid is extremely corrosive to titanium. If it has a coating of platinum then it must be a perfect coat, no cracks. But it's extremely rare to have a perfect coat. Especially on the cheaper electrodes.
+NurdRage Amazon has a 2 pack small platinum electrodes for 43 dollars, free shipping.
www.amazon.com/American-Educational-Platinum-Electrode-Pack/dp/B005QEGK2W/ref=sr_1_31?s=industrial&srs=3016824011&ie=UTF8&qid=1441354845&sr=1-31
Great video!! Loved it
Is nurdrage using a voice modifier to pitch his voice down?
Is it possible to obtain sulfuric acid from sulfurous acid by electrolysis?
Why don't you stir the sulfur with the HBr to make a more uniform solution before adding the electrodes? Or at least break up those big chunks?
Nice RUclips Channel, Do you think, that you create all the chemical compunds, only using Elements? I thought that could be a great idea for your channel! ☺
There are over a hundred million chemical compounds known to science. I'd never be able to make them all.
I did not tell you. what you couldn't do, I told you that what you can do, you may take this idea and maybe learn from these experiences.
p.s I always wanted to be able to transform chemical elements into compound elements, from the elements that can be found in nature.
and after using the compounds obtained to create others
good one. its got me thinking. doesnt burned sulfur bubbled thru water make acid ?
meanwhile a new idea ... its based on how wal-mart wants an old battery in exchange
when you buy a new one. they charge you $12 absent this 'core'
well the old one has a bunch of acid in it. and more so
if you first give it a charge. then dump it into a pan. distill to clean it up.
and voila, you have sulfuric acid in the 25-35% range.
wait you made this process! cool