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0.66666… = 1 (in base 7)

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  • Опубликовано: 16 июн 2024
  • This is a short, animated visual proof showing the sum of the infinite geometric series with first term 6/7 and ratio 1/7, which in turn allows us to compute the sum of the series of powers of 1/7 and determine an interesting base 7 representation of 1.
    If you like this video, consider subscribing to the channel or consider buying me a coffee: www.buymeacoffee.com/VisualPr.... Thanks!
    For a longer, wordless version of this animation with two other proofs, see • Three Geometric Series...
    Also, check out my playlist on geometric sums/series: • Geometric Sums
    This animation is based on a proof by Stephan Berendonk (2020) from the November 2020 issue of The College Mathematics Journal, (doi.org/10.1080/07468342.2020... p. 385)
    #mathshorts​ #mathvideo​ #math​ #calculus #mtbos​ #manim​ #animation​ #theorem​ #pww​ #proofwithoutwords​ #visualproof​ #proof​ #iteachmath #geometricsums #series #infinitesums #infiniteseries #geometric #geometricseries #equilateraltriangle
    To learn more about animating with manim, check out:
    manim.community

Комментарии • 233

  • @tylosenpai6920
    @tylosenpai6920 Месяц назад +818

    ...At this rate, you should be using a hexagon...

    • @wyattstevens8574
      @wyattstevens8574 Месяц назад +14

      Wouldn't a heptagon (because it has 7 sides) be even better?

    • @tylosenpai6920
      @tylosenpai6920 Месяц назад +32

      @@wyattstevens8574 No, it's like using a triangle to figure out a sum of 1/4^n (Which will become 1/3)
      Why ? You'll get 6 sides and a central piece that is a smaller version of the entire shape that is 1/7 of the area, making this visual proof possible
      In a heptagon, what visual representation can be made about such a thing ?

    • @gabekrieck6772
      @gabekrieck6772 Месяц назад +9

      It is the bestagon

    • @Grimmmmmmmy
      @Grimmmmmmmy Месяц назад

      Best reference​@@gabekrieck6772

    • @HueNguyen-jo4fi
      @HueNguyen-jo4fi Месяц назад

      @@gabekrieck6772 true

  • @notmynameaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
    @notmynameaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa Месяц назад +574

    0.nnnnn... = 1 in base (n+1)

    • @RandyKing314
      @RandyKing314 Месяц назад +27

      is this always true?

    • @cccexestarted
      @cccexestarted Месяц назад +77

      ​@@RandyKing314 yes, always true

    • @taylormarinescu805
      @taylormarinescu805 Месяц назад +16

      ​@@cccexestartedwhat about base 1

    • @saginur4380
      @saginur4380 Месяц назад +8

      Oh yeah I forgot about that rule

    • @alesonbrjk
      @alesonbrjk Месяц назад +7

      @@taylormarinescu805 also true

  • @christiandeaver789
    @christiandeaver789 Месяц назад +202

    I thought it was Pink Floyd at first

  • @mauschen_gaming
    @mauschen_gaming Месяц назад +56

    Usually we use the formula
    S = a_1 / (1 - r) but the visual proof makes it much easier to understand with the eye and I'm glad you can help others understand it more easily

  • @justanothergirl__
    @justanothergirl__ Месяц назад +53

    Love this! I only wish RUclips didn't cover the bottom of the video

    • @MathVisualProofs
      @MathVisualProofs  Месяц назад +13

      Longer version on my channel (wordless) doesn’t have as much covering it

    • @justanothergirl__
      @justanothergirl__ Месяц назад +4

      @@MathVisualProofs I'll have to give it a watch!

    • @aceofanimation4325
      @aceofanimation4325 Месяц назад +4

      If you go into comments and hold the bar near the bottom you can see it without obstruction.

  • @rudrodeepchatterjee
    @rudrodeepchatterjee 5 дней назад +2

    I have never been as much satisfied by a visual proof than this. My god did it look beautiful when the 6 triangles folded over to reveal themselves.

  • @h-ye7um
    @h-ye7um Месяц назад +9

    By reading the title, I was gobsmacked, collaterally dumbfounded and rendering my prime knowledge of math into shreds.

  • @kkupsky6321
    @kkupsky6321 Месяц назад +9

    Sigma means sum? If that’s all I learned today…

    • @thiennhanvo2591
      @thiennhanvo2591 Месяц назад +1

      Yes

    • @1leon000
      @1leon000 Месяц назад +1

      You mean that your teacher didn't mention sigma meaning sum in passing in your 7th grade math class?

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад +1

      That's why they chose Σ. It's the Greek equivalent of S, and S stands for sum. Furthermore, Π is the Greek equivalent of P, and P stands for product, so Π is used for products.

  • @kkupsky6321
    @kkupsky6321 Месяц назад +4

    Omg I love these. I always was a visual learner. Numbers just are language I don’t speak. Awesome. I’ll maybe learn a bit too.

  • @BR0SK1X
    @BR0SK1X Месяц назад +8

    New Roblox logo just got leaked

  • @mysteriousecurb1791
    @mysteriousecurb1791 Месяц назад +6

    This is why i hate supertasks

  • @Kullubhaii7954gvs
    @Kullubhaii7954gvs Месяц назад +21

    Best representation

  • @Femboy7662
    @Femboy7662 Месяц назад +3

    It's Not Art
    It's Not Math
    It's Both

  • @waffelr
    @waffelr 6 дней назад +1

    this is pretty easy regarding 0.999... = 1 in base 10, so in base 7 0.666... is the same as theres no integer between 0.666... and 1

  • @neitoxotien2258
    @neitoxotien2258 Месяц назад +2

    What software do you use for animation? Thank you

  • @Lunawithcheese
    @Lunawithcheese Месяц назад

    So, polydivide (my preferred way of saying divide multiple times) by 2 and 3, then connect opposing trisectors and vertices, then connect the remaining trisectors with the midpoints, and then repeat the process with the middle triangle indefinitely, which will *precisely* give you [ *1* ]

  • @finpin2622
    @finpin2622 Месяц назад

    Love listening to these videos. I don’t learn or retain any of it but it seems pretty interesting.

  • @panmichael5271
    @panmichael5271 23 дня назад +1

    One can appreciate why the ancient Greeks adored geometry!

  • @KaliFissure
    @KaliFissure Месяц назад +18

    The infinite sum of a single simple fraction is the one below. 1/3+1/9+1/27... = 1/2
    And 5/6+5/36+5/6³ = 1 ?
    In all configurations.
    So cool.

    • @alex_ramjiawan
      @alex_ramjiawan Месяц назад +2

      1/n < 1/n-1. Therefore, it's not one below.

    • @KaliFissure
      @KaliFissure Месяц назад +4

      @alex_ramjiawan I mean that the sum of thirds gives 1/2, the number as denominator gets smaller, making the portion get larger.
      1/5+1/5²+1/5³.....=1/4

    • @ketanchavda5511
      @ketanchavda5511 28 дней назад

      wrong the 1st one's ans. is 3/2 And 2nd one's ans. is 6

    • @alex_ramjiawan
      @alex_ramjiawan 28 дней назад +2

      @@ketanchavda5511 That's incorrect.

  • @AstarothV
    @AstarothV 4 дня назад

    Even more interesting than 0.nnn... = 1 in base (n+1)
    I find it fascinating the way the triangle is divided into 7 similar pieces, smaller equilateral triangles (after transformation). Dividing to 3n(as long as n is equal or greater than 3) and n^2 number of pieces is fairly easy. But I have been obsessing over this for over a week now.
    Is there a way to divide an equilateral triangle that the resulting sections are 1/2 of the original, and to be transformed into equilateral triangles as well? (similar to when you rotate the pieces to match)
    What about 5, 6, and 8?
    Why is it that 7 works so much more "easily"?

  • @konstantindrumev8036
    @konstantindrumev8036 Месяц назад +1

    Hi, can you please recommend any books you found useful in your journey of math? Ty❤

  • @junhaowong3878
    @junhaowong3878 Месяц назад

    It’s always the black magic of the concept of infinity….

  • @Tqvh
    @Tqvh Месяц назад

    I lost you at “equilateral triangle”

  • @fluffy_owl_offc
    @fluffy_owl_offc Месяц назад +1

    Oh no, fractal

  • @r4e3xx
    @r4e3xx Месяц назад +2

    its the same thing as 0.99999...=1

  • @wolfscraft8501
    @wolfscraft8501 Месяц назад

    Bruh, I'm in holidays rn stop overloading my mind

  • @sasho_b.
    @sasho_b. Месяц назад

    For all sums of the type m*(1/n+1/n*n+...), the sum is equal to m*1/(n-1)

  • @polarisukyc1204
    @polarisukyc1204 Месяц назад +1

    I always wondered how to prove that 1/(x-1) can be represented by an infinite sum of 1/(x^n)

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      S=1+x+x²+x³+...
      Sx=x+x²+x³+...=S-1
      Sx=S-1
      Sx-S=1
      S(x-1)=1
      S=1/(x-1)

  • @matthewbell4273
    @matthewbell4273 Месяц назад +1

    This video has me all sixes and sevens

  • @p1xelat3d
    @p1xelat3d Месяц назад +1

    YOOOO MY COMMENT WAS RIGHT DIDN'T KNOW THERE WAS A VISUALIZATION FOR THIS ONE AS WELL
    n being a digit
    0.nnnnnnn... = 1 in base (n+1)

    • @chrisrodriguezm13
      @chrisrodriguezm13 Месяц назад

      Well, meaning 0.99999999999… = 1 (in base 10) is true?
      Well, for bases higher than 10, maybe HEXAdecimal might be 0.FFFFFFFFFFF…….. = 1 (in hexadecimal)

    • @p1xelat3d
      @p1xelat3d Месяц назад

      @@chrisrodriguezm13 yeah that works too

  • @jackscourage
    @jackscourage Месяц назад

    I'm confused but I feel enlightened

  • @Wiesto1
    @Wiesto1 Месяц назад +2

    7 is very weard

  • @biancabonet
    @biancabonet 10 дней назад

    Base 7 minus base 1 equals base 6. Therefore, can I see the base 6 triangle? Thank you.

  • @LGEdits-mr2mm
    @LGEdits-mr2mm 29 дней назад

    My brain is just saying: So triangle is triangle cuz triangle gets smaller meaning triangle. My mind is discombobulated 😭

  • @a_sliced_lemon
    @a_sliced_lemon Месяц назад +1

    Or for short
    6/7 + 6/49 + 6/343... = 1

  • @lucgagnon7169
    @lucgagnon7169 Месяц назад +1

    0,66666 periodic in base 7 equal 1, just like 0,999 periodic in base 10 = 1

  • @ketanchavda5511
    @ketanchavda5511 28 дней назад

    no summation of (1)/(7^i) upto infinitity is 7/6

  • @mathhead4975
    @mathhead4975 Месяц назад

    routh's theorem?

  • @kinshuksinghania4289
    @kinshuksinghania4289 Месяц назад +1

    0.k repeating in base (k+1) is 1

  • @Rice0987
    @Rice0987 10 дней назад +1

    Fractangle. :)

  • @jaredadkinson
    @jaredadkinson Месяц назад +5

    Wow. He did it again. The infinite sum of 1/n is always equal to 1/(n-1)

  • @user-jk1rk3xz4f
    @user-jk1rk3xz4f Месяц назад

    sum of 1/n from n to infinity always equals 1/n-1

  • @drazyxm5386
    @drazyxm5386 Месяц назад +1

    Easy maths proof using
    telescopic sum

  • @KrishnaAnand_KV_JMP
    @KrishnaAnand_KV_JMP 9 дней назад

    I think it's "tends to 1"

  • @sergiodefreitas1965
    @sergiodefreitas1965 Месяц назад

    …and so on and so forth…

  • @shawnreichard5497
    @shawnreichard5497 4 дня назад

    Does that mean 0.000000000000 ... is = 1 in base 1?

  • @blu-birb
    @blu-birb Месяц назад

    Depends on how accurate you really wanna be.
    I mean, if youre buying a car and youre a dime short, chances are you can still buy the car, but if youre trying to buy a soda and youre a dime short, chances are you wont be able to buy the soda.
    Does that mean that (price of a car-a dime)=price of a car?
    No, but in most cases, the dime is not as important as the rest of the price.

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      Unless a dime=0, or at least a dime

    • @blu-birb
      @blu-birb 24 дня назад

      @xinpingdonohoe3978 has to do with percentages. Car is 40k, soda is 1, dime is 0.1. You do the math.

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      @@blu-birb right, so that's not applicable. Our percentage is 0. We want a change of 0.

    • @blu-birb
      @blu-birb 24 дня назад

      @xinpingdonohoe3978 the example is sound. This video claims that X is equivalent to 1, where X=/=1. So that's where I am saying, "depends on accuracy"
      In the real world, 1-0.1= no soda, but 40k-0.1= yes car.
      Being that it would be 1/10 of a soda and 1/400,000 of a car.

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      @@blu-birb but your claim that x≠1 is not correct, so you've either lost soundness or validity.

  • @DQFozz
    @DQFozz Месяц назад +1

    Nice !

  • @aykarain
    @aykarain 21 день назад +1

    does 0.99999... equal 1 in base 10?

  • @BaronSterling
    @BaronSterling Месяц назад +1

    Well, two minutes into the video and already the objectively incorrect take of "Heavy Blade is really bad" has appeared. Not giving me confidence in the rest of this video.

  • @Swingylad
    @Swingylad Месяц назад

    Idk seems like some type of fractal to me.

  • @mutafyanny
    @mutafyanny Месяц назад

    Now do 0.111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111... = 1 (in base 2)

  • @Obsidian-Nebula
    @Obsidian-Nebula 24 дня назад

    0.NNNNN eventually equals to M

  • @budakgame4506
    @budakgame4506 Месяц назад

    So basically if it's hexadecimal, 0.FFFFF... is 1 right?

  • @amritpatel3794
    @amritpatel3794 2 дня назад +1

    Great

  • @JaphethThomas-um9gw
    @JaphethThomas-um9gw Месяц назад

    I allways thought u would have 1/ inf not shaded but i think it means the same thing

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      You do. But then if 1/∞ is a number, the only number it can be is 0. If 1/∞ exists, 1/∞=0. Otherwise, 1/∞ doesn't exist, and so you can't have 1/∞ not shaded.

    • @JaphethThomas-um9gw
      @JaphethThomas-um9gw 24 дня назад

      @@xinpingdonohoe3978 huh i thought that 1/ inf would be like how 1/10 would be 0.1 but 1/inf would be 0. Then infinite zeros then one so idk how to describe what I'm thinking but like above 0 but it's infinitely small

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      @@JaphethThomas-um9gw I get what you mean. Let me explain why it doesn't work.
      First, there isn't such a thing as an "∞th" decimal place. There's a 1st, and a 2nd, and a 3rd, and so on. There's an nth for every positive integer n. There are infinitely many of these things, because there are infinitely many natural numbers, but every single one is in a finite position. Just like the numbers themselves. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,... There are ∞ of these, because they never end, but each individual number can be reached by travelling a finite distance. Same with the decimals. Every single bit of the decimal can only be finitely far along, so we can't have a 1 in the ∞th place because there isn't an ∞th place.
      Also, let's assume it does exist. 0.00...1, so that's 0 point, then ∞ many 0s, then a 1. Call it x.
      Then 10x=0.00...1 as well. It has ∞-1 0s, but we know ∞-1=∞. Nothing changes. That's the special thing about ∞. For regular numbers, n-1≠n, but for infinity ∞-1=∞. This means we have the same thing. So 10x=x. But then if we subtract x on both sides, 9x=0. Two numbers multiply to 0 if and only if one or both are 0. 9≠0, which means x=0, so 0.00...1=0

  • @Errordemon001
    @Errordemon001 Месяц назад

    All I understood was 1 7th

  • @wscamel226
    @wscamel226 Месяц назад +1

    in base 7.... 😡

  • @sputnik819
    @sputnik819 11 дней назад

    \sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{6}{7^n}

  • @Kullubhaii7954gvs
    @Kullubhaii7954gvs Месяц назад +1

    Niceee sir

  • @musicofficial6924
    @musicofficial6924 Месяц назад +4

    By using infinity you can prove any number equal to any another number

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      You don't need infinity. Just let 1=0, then you can prove all numbers are equal.

    • @InsertPi
      @InsertPi Час назад

      Only if you use it improperly. Limiting processes are well-defined

  • @Jcom3030
    @Jcom3030 Месяц назад

    Huh

  • @pr3zelman
    @pr3zelman Месяц назад

    I’m nodding my head in agreement as I have no clue what’s going on

  • @milesfreilich968
    @milesfreilich968 Месяц назад

    No there won't, there will alsways he a missing 1/7!

  • @0303maf
    @0303maf Месяц назад

    6/7⁶⁹⁴²⁰=1

  • @johncheshirsky8822
    @johncheshirsky8822 Месяц назад

    What

  • @81monie
    @81monie 28 дней назад

    Surely there will always be an empty black triangle in the middle. It will never be completely filled.

    • @biancabonet
      @biancabonet 10 дней назад

      Seems like black hole energy: the drawing in of energy or expelling energy out like that hawkings energy thing. 🤔

    • @InsertPi
      @InsertPi Час назад

      If you stop after a finite time yes, but in the limit no

  • @BloodTheGamer
    @BloodTheGamer Месяц назад

    ☠️☠️☠️

  • @BeenSorry-e3g
    @BeenSorry-e3g 19 дней назад

    Bro I understood nothing 😬😬😬

  • @BeenSorry-e3g
    @BeenSorry-e3g 19 дней назад

    Bro I understood nothing 😬😬

  • @avaneeshtungar3291
    @avaneeshtungar3291 Месяц назад

    😢

  • @aymericd.6126
    @aymericd.6126 18 дней назад

    All the triangle is coloured except the point in the center! No matter how many steps you do, this point will never be colored.
    A non-mathematician could argue that this point is the difference between 0.66666 and 1.

  • @Peppet490
    @Peppet490 Месяц назад +1

    Basicly its like saying 0.9999999999999999_ = 1

  • @hyoominoid01
    @hyoominoid01 Месяц назад +1

    Not even, this is an asymptote, no matter how many parts you fill in unless you fill it in fully it will not be equal to one, also 6/7 isn't .666, that's for the 1/3

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад +1

      What's the area *not* shaded after infinitely many iterations? If it's not 0, what number is it?

    • @hyoominoid01
      @hyoominoid01 24 дня назад +1

      @@xinpingdonohoe3978 it's infinitely small but still never zero, it can't be zero because it never fully filing in that part, so it is constantly striving to become zero but it cant

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      @@hyoominoid01 what does it mean to be an infinitely small number that's not 0?
      Is it smaller than 10¹⁰⁰? What about 10¹⁰⁰⁰? Or 10⁹⁹⁹⁹⁹⁹⁹⁹⁹? Or 10^n for *ANY* number n? Because there is no positive number that can satisfy all that.

    • @hyoominoid01
      @hyoominoid01 24 дня назад

      ​@@xinpingdonohoe3978it's always smaller than 1/7 of the last iteration of the process show in video

    • @hyoominoid01
      @hyoominoid01 24 дня назад

      ​@@xinpingdonohoe3978I suppose I could've been more specific when I said infinitely small

  • @evanlandis990
    @evanlandis990 Месяц назад

    It seems more like the infinite sum is like a sub-atomic rounding up principal

  • @lucasbetterman165
    @lucasbetterman165 Месяц назад +1

    Isn’t 6/7 more than .6

  • @adamgordon1786
    @adamgordon1786 9 дней назад

    Technically no. While if you continue that process, you will always be moving closer to 1, you will never quite reach it. Even if it continues infinitely, it will never quite reach 1.

  • @ET_CostaLotta
    @ET_CostaLotta Месяц назад +1

    It doesnt fill in the triangle completely do yk what a fraction is and how it works?

  • @ayunda.alicia
    @ayunda.alicia 20 дней назад

    How come

  • @Daniel-ef6gg
    @Daniel-ef6gg 23 дня назад

    The centroid will never be shaded. There may be no difference in measure, but it is false to say that the entire triangle will be shaded.

    • @InsertPi
      @InsertPi Час назад

      In the limit the entire triangle will be shaded

    • @Daniel-ef6gg
      @Daniel-ef6gg Час назад

      @@InsertPi not every point. Just an amount of the triangle that has the same area measure as the entire triangle.

  • @Axcyantol
    @Axcyantol Месяц назад

    If it’s 0.5 or greater, it’ll always be 1.

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      What do you mean?

    • @Axcyantol
      @Axcyantol 24 дня назад

      @@xinpingdonohoe3978 i was thinking of something else my bad
      but i was thinking if you get a half and add a half to the space left forever it'll be 1

  • @KtotheC6342
    @KtotheC6342 22 дня назад

    I through shade on 6/7th of your mom's 😂

  • @c1-math12
    @c1-math12 Месяц назад

    There is something ambiguous about number

  • @BuggaUgga
    @BuggaUgga 21 день назад

    Too trivial and put into a too long context. Waste of time.

  • @equilibrochu
    @equilibrochu Месяц назад +1

    Not quite. But sounded very convincing. Nice try.

    • @xinpingdonohoe3978
      @xinpingdonohoe3978 24 дня назад

      Given that it's right, you seem to have an illogical grievance.

  • @NicleT
    @NicleT Месяц назад

    But it will never be all shaded. Even if you reach the Planck's limit.

  • @paulosullivan3472
    @paulosullivan3472 Месяц назад +1

    I have heard this many times from very well educated sources but it is false, infinite means it goes on for ever and therefore consists of a constant repetition forever of the same process. Each process always leaves a small part unaccounted for, therefore an infinite process APPROACHES 1 but never reaches it. It does not equal 1, it approximately equals 1, that may sound small but its a very big difference when this incorrect proof is used in certain ways to state that it equals 1.

    • @TurtleBoi-lg4rw
      @TurtleBoi-lg4rw Месяц назад +2

      Convert this same thing into base 10 with an infinity repeating fraction that approaches 1 (0.999...) is equal to 1. Convert it into a fraction and you get 3/3=0.999...=1.

    • @paulosullivan3472
      @paulosullivan3472 Месяц назад

      @@TurtleBoi-lg4rw No this proof is what people use to justify the statement that 0.9 recurring equals 1. You cannot use a false proof to make a statement and then claim the statement proves the false proof.

    • @Rando2101
      @Rando2101 Месяц назад +1

      Just call it 1-
      Problem solved

    • @TurtleBoi-lg4rw
      @TurtleBoi-lg4rw Месяц назад +3

      @paulosullivan3472 then prove that my statement is wrong, do 1-0.999... and tell me the answer

    • @TurtleBoi-lg4rw
      @TurtleBoi-lg4rw Месяц назад +2

      @paulosullivan3472 and if I am wrong that means 3/3 =/= 1