There is a distance that Sabine’s brain can span that is so rare to see and so meaningful and beneficial. It’s the distance between the most complex theoretical work being done by her and her peers, and the every day lived experiences of the rest of us. Her ability to stay grounded even when she’s talking of galaxies and the Big Bang lets her sparkle some common sense into a field that really needs an injection of that once in a while. And meanwhile she gives us a window to better understand our universe in our natural language. Thank you Sabine for your contributions to both ends of the spectrum!!
I try to avoid your quoted sentence coming from my mouth. It leads nowhere. But, speaking better is a challenge. A (mental) very interesting challenge...
Well, if Dark Matter could behave as a superfluid and thus interact with normal matter to generate gravitational pull, it would be very straightforward to conduct experiments that prove the existence of Dark Matter or whatever this new substance will be called. Adding a dual concept (fluidic or superfluidic) to the existence to Dark Matter might also be interesting, but again it could also lead us to the results of the never found confirmation of string theory as the theory of everything. The bottom line is, if there is such invisible substance that interacts with normal matter, it would be relatively simple to at least prove its existence. The same concept applies to the cosmological constant of Einstein’s general relativity’s equation.
Interesting because it's closest to truth. Throw a leaf on water surface and observe the lensing effect on the edges. Black hole behave differently because of particle density and vacuum.
She is very different .... i know your intentions are unintentional, but it must be clearly stated that it is minimizing to pigeon hole everyone that dares to stand up, or step forward... throw away your rulers.🐚
We need more of this type of online discourse in video form for all academic fields. Something slightly above the popularized science and with links and references to papers for those who are so inclined. I never subscribed so fast!
Except technically, scientific facts do not exist and these aren't yet theories but rather collections of unverified hypotheses. From what I gather from your comment, you don't really comprehend basic scientific terminology, but are regardless trying to sound smart in your critique of others. It's something I often come across at this channel. A bunch of ignoramuses and hacks, attracted here only because Sabine sometimes criticizes the scientific establishment and they fundamentally despise science. Just check out how many climate change deniers are always around here.
Scott Parramore I live in America, and I couldn't agree more! We're busy trying to convince people that the World isn't flat!! So this video is beyond most people I know 😪
great presentation. open minded approach to unravelling current mysteries, By not committing to one thesis, you leave the door open to new ideas. I think this is key to unlocking what we so poorly understand....please continue your research! You may be on the cusp of a great understanding! cheers from Canada.
First I was a bit sceptical about Sabine's book, and it left some sour taste in the mouth*, but her videos start to convince me that I just misunderstood something about her approach to science. I think these videos are very underrated. They should be main stream. * even though I'm Hungarian, I don't eat books.
So much more detailed and unbiased than the videos from other youtubers. No assumptions, just facts. I love it. I actually learn something from your videos. Thank you Sabine!
Fascinating analysis. I like so much your undogmatic approach you dark fluid intelligence and your openness to this incredible quest. Absolutely nothing can be taken for granted.
Only recently discovered your channel and this is a very clear explanation of this topic.I like the way you clarify misconceptions. I must admit it took me a while to get used to your style but it was worth the effort and I have enjoyed you later science explainer videos
Having studied in Clausthal in the OberHarz, we have substantial experience with fluids essential of two kinds. The one is rain and snow and ice, aka water, the other one is alcohol, an important drug for enhancing the intellectual ressources of students. Interaction with gravity has been observed also in both cases, expecially because spacetime in the OberHarz is curved in unexpected directions in wintery conditions and results in frequent gravitational anomalies (balistic contact with roadside ditches). A common theoretical explanation for the fluid dynamics of water vs. alcohol might be useful but maybe misses the point: The essence of an external parameter is in those fluids themselves. Because of this intimate familiarity with those two fluids, the Clausthal University is, like no other one, best suited for research in theoretical astrophysics, if it turns out that fluids have this relevance to astrophysics. - Good luck!
Both water and alcohol are both easily modeled on bulk scales with Navier Stokes. Not even Density Functional Theory can adequately model water on fine scales.
@@vonBottorff That was true in the seventies. Nowadays, you see a lot of chinese students who learn how to copy western technology. Also, for every student of physics, there is an own lake where wave mechanics can be studied. These lakes are leftovers from the world-famous en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Harz_Water_Regale which is part of en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site. That is not "middle od nowhere". - Women? What do you think students should spend their time with?
@@vonBottorff You. Are. Perfectly. Right. - If I were to chose again a place to study physics, Clausthal would be first choice. Sabine Hossenfelder does not know what she missed ...
I'm in love with you Ms. Hossenfelder. Physics and cosmology are my avocation, but this is the first I heard of this idea. It even makes intuitive sense. Brava!
lol. i love how you just convinced us of super fluid with words but just gave us a cold show of reality by saying the equations aren't there yet ;) very nice Sabine :)
Thanks Dr Hossenfelder! I'm being charmed to the research topics related to superconductivity and superfluidity. But, I never thought both of them could be related and involved to the field of cosmology studied. The interdisciplinary "interaction" is strong here xDD
@serge bureau I'm not saying you're wrong. I do agree with you. But, what it differs from Dark Matter Hypothesis? you can invent dark matter that has all the properties you want and distribute it in way that fits your data perfectly.
Excellent description of MOND vs Dark Matter. Both as you have shown are imperfect. I like the superfluid hypothosis and this is the first I have heard of that (and I do follow these things). I will keep my eyes open for more on that idea. I guess we are back to just where we started: Collect more data, eliminate explanations that do not fit the data and keep thinking of new hypothesis. We don't have the answer yet.
If the dark matter is not affected by any force bad gravity, why it does not collapse in the center of a galaxy in a black hole ? What is the dynamic of the dark matter?
@@carlospardovidal6030 Without any other force to act on it dark matter particles will keep moving. Since momentum is conserved, the dark matter just keeps moving but may change direction. There is no way to make it stop and stick together (like ordinary matter does through static charge). Somewhere on YT there is an video about dark matter and black holes. Look around they explain that part of your question better than I am able to.
@@whataboutthis10 wow, thanks. Been working on a hypothesis for the last few weeks, nice to know I no longer need to check off the "explains" box. Hope you don't mind if I cite you when the grant reviewer kicks it back.
It's a nice idea but then you'd have to explain how and why such a state change would take place. It seems everything has to go the reductionist route.
Love this presentation! I got a kick out the part where the hypothetical guy in Alaska dealing with ice tells Daniel Bernoulli who developed Bernouilli's law for water was an idiot! :-) :-)
Note that Dr. Hossenfelder says "... the data are...", which is correct English (as opposed to "... the data is...", which is an all too common error in English). Proper grammar (such as correct use of the often wrongly spoken noun-verb agreement just noted) along with her slight foreign accent make Dr. Hossenfelder sound very learned and, therefore, believable. She comes across as an especially critical, careful, and, above all, intelligent thinker. Please keep making these very iinformative videos, DR. Hossenfelder.
Fantastic ideas! Right outta the box. 👍 I love these presentations, the Good Lady Sabine is explaining concepts MUCH less ambiguously than most I’ve witnessed. I’m a layperson enthusiast, that’s all. But it wasn’t till last year, somebody, (wish I could recall who; I’m a lifer stoner.), exemplified 2 things, & THAT opened my mind up, it was like a bandwidth increase. Everything I’d been reading, viewing, audiobook napping through, over years, all of a sudden, MADE SENSE. ✨ So, see how cultivation of ignorance, speaking ‘above’ or minimalizing states/behaviors in the hopes of sharing a description that’s moreso, conceptually, graspable when pressed for time leads to much more difficult conceptualization? Sabine is straight up kicking ass & taking #’s! I was just starting my Superfluids reading again, this is AWESOME timing for me, THX, Sabine!
Einstein suggested that matter curves spacetime. Maybe spacetime is superfluid, meaning it moves through matter like its not even there. If so, where there is matter there should be spacetime swirling arround it's spin, increasing entropie and slowing down time. So black holes could just be eyes of storms, super cold with absolut serenity and no mass at all. And just maybe the cells in our body's act the same, but on a tiny scale. Matter could be the catelist of superfluid spacetime.
I'm only early in my university education, but upon initially learning about the idea of superfluid dark matter in a book by Brian Clegg it's intrigued me, I hope to see the possibility explored more!
The first treat is watching the video and thinking about physics, the second treat is reading the comments from the craziest of pseudo-science loons. There are some gems in here Sabine!
Chris Morlock. I agree. I used to get annoyed by the pseudo-scientific comments, but now they've become a little light comdedy relief after the main show.
I must add these videos and S. Hossenfelder's blog are EXCELLENT accessible educational resources with much food for thought (with the best comment section I have seen in a blog). I very much appreciate the effort you put into making these tools.
Perfect video... thank you so much for your honesty of thought and clarity. I might use the slowdown video playback functionality for future episodes instead of 20 seconds replay back to understand everything! ☺️
Thank you so much for this video! This is real “food for thought”! BTW I think you are awesome! 1. You are incredibly smart 2. You are very well educated 3. You function in a language that’s not your own. Maybe there’s hope for some of us after all!
what about if the superfluid starts to became non-newtonian (dilatant), while normal matters passes through it at relativistic speed? (near C?). A superfluid dark matter that has no viscosity when moving through it at low / non relativistic speed, but viscosity increases and shear force tends to infinity when your speed tends to C (shear thickening property). Could this be a good idea to investigate?
Solche Videos sind sehr wertvoll, weil das mangelhafte der Physik klar aufgezeigt wird !!! Fuer die " Alten Hasen " bedeutet es : Leben und leben lassen ... Fuer die Jugend die Chance voellig Neues zu machen !!! Das ist noch ein langer und vielfaeltig weiter Weg zu einer halbwegs korrekten Vereinheitlichung der Physik. Wenn aber alle Fittereien und das Erdenken von jeglicher Art Materie nicht ausreichend ist, genau die Realitaet zu beschreiben, dann ist mit ziemlicher Sicherheit etwas grundlegend fehlerhaft. Die Raumzeit selbst bzw. das Quantenvacuum als Supramedium zu identifizieren koennte Bestand haben. Die Densionalitaet als auch die Natur aller Kraefte als Folge von Informationsfluessen durch das Supramedium koennte auch das Wesen aller Gesetzmaessigkeiten fundamentieren. Die Einsteinschen Feldgleichungen sind ein Instrument fuer Vorhersagen mit Randbedingungen. Die Randbedingungen selbst und auch die Prinzipien zur Anwendung des Instruments sind offene Aspekte . Wenn bei aller Offenheit keine angemessene Berechnung der Realitaet moeglich ist, braucht es mehr. Irgendwas wesentliches fehlt und im Grunde ist Einstein schon falsifiziert. Gravitation ist wohl nicht Gott gegeben , wie er sagte ... Was mit Beeinflussung der Informationsstroemungen durch das Supramedium zu tun haben koennte. Selbst z.B. Verschraenkung koennte ( fuer Gravitation ) eine Bedeutung haben. Wo kommt dieser Aspekt in die Gleichungen ???
Electromagnetism is way to complex to include in a simple model like lambda-CDM. There are things like bulk viscosity and the "Kerr" metric which incorporate a very simplified version of electromagnetism, but the true turbulence and intricacies of EM are omitted in high level models because they are computationally infeasible.
@Sabine If you move a regular mass will it interact gravitationally with a superfluid dark mass and drag it along? If I then tried to stop that regular mass from moving would the superfluid dark matter keep on moving dragging the regular mass with it. Like some kind of inertia?
You convinced me that combining dark matter and modified gravity makes a lot of sense. However, it also makes sense to have dark matter alone, because if all superfluid kinds of hypotheses might fail. At this stage, we don't know. However, great video. Thanks for this wonderful contribution.
Alternative Explanation of Dark Matter and Dark Energy - Newly proposed model of Universe can explain both of Dark Matter and Dark Energy Einstein’s theory of General Relativity states that spacetime is curved by the presence of mass. This curvature influences the motion other objects with mass and gives rise to gravitation. Thus, gravity is a result of geometric features in spacetime. However, we also observe gravitational effects - curvature of spacetime - in areas without any detectable mass. This has given rise to the concept of dark matter, which is matter that does not interact in any detectable way with normal matter, except through gravity. So, there is some large quantity of dark matter scattered throughout the universe, which curves spacetime and causes gravitational effects just like normal matter, but we cannot see or detect it with any known method. An alternative theory to the identity of dark matter is proposed - it is not matter at all, but rather an intrinsic curvature of spacetime. In other words, spacetime is not naturally flat. Even in the absence of matter, we observe some inherent curvature of spacetime. So, the question is now - why is spacetime naturally curved? Why is it not flat in the absence of mass? The universe is 4-dimensional, with 3 spatial dimensions and one dimension in time. Rather than consider time as a linear dimension, we can consider it as a radial one. Therefore, rather than describing the universe with a Cartesian coordinate system, we describe it with a 4-dimensional spherical coordinate system - 3 angular coordinates, φ1, φ2, φ3, and one radial coordinate in time, t. We live on the 3-dimensional surface of a 4-dimensional bubble which is expanding radially in time. Thus, the Big Bang represents t=0, the beginning of time. The crucial point is that the expansion of the universe is not homogeneous in all directions. The expansion rate at one point on the bubble’s surface may differ slightly from another point near it. The universe is only roughly spherical in 4 dimensions, the same way that the Earth is only roughly spherical in 3 dimensions. The same way we observe local mountains and valleys on the surface of Earth, we observe local “mountains” and “valleys” on the surface of the universe bubble. The inhomogeneity of the expansion of the universe has given rise to natural curvature of spacetime. This natural curvature causes the phenomenon of “dark matter”. “Valleys” in spacetime pull matter in, similarly to the warping of spacetime of massive objects. So “dark matter” is really “valleys” in spacetime that are expanding slower than the regions surrounding it. These valleys tend to pull matter in and create planets, stars, and galaxies - regions of space with higher-than-average densities of mass. Conversely, “mountains” in spacetime will repel matter away, an “anti-gravitational” effect, which gives rise to cosmic voids in space where we observe no matter. Each point on the surface of the universe bubble traces out a time arrow in 4-dimensional space, perpendicular to the surface. These time arrows are not parallel to each other since the universe is not flat. This causes points to have nonzero relative velocity away from each other. It is generally accepted that the universe is expanding faster than observable energy can explain, and this is expansion is believe to be still accelerating. The “missing” energy required to explain these observations has given rise to the theory of dark energy. The time dilation caused by non-parallel time arrows can be proposed as an explanation for dark energy. Alternatively, dark energy is real energy coming from potential energy gradients caused by non-parallel time arrows. As a sanity check, we can calculate the expansion rate of the universe based on the universe bubble model. Since the radius of the universe bubble is expanding at the speed of light in the time direction, it increases at 1 light second per second. Therefore, the “circumference” of the 3-dimensional surface increases by 2π light seconds per second, or about 1.88*10^6 km/s. This expansion is distributed equally across the 3-dimensional surface, so the actual observed expansion rate is proportional to the distance from the observer. At present, the age of the universe is estimated to be 13.8 billion years, so the radius of the universe bubble is 13.8 billion light years, or about 4233 megaparsecs (3.26 million light years to 1 Mpc). Thus, we can calculate the expansion rate of the universe, per megaparsec from the observer, as: Expansion rate = ((d(circumference))/dt)/radiusofuniverse=(1.88*〖10〗^6 km⁄s)/(2π*4233Mpc)=(1.88*〖10〗^6 km⁄s)/26598Mpc=70.82(km⁄s)/Mpc The popularly accepted empirical expansion rate is 73.5 + 2.5 km/s/Mpc, so our calculated value is close. There may be some additional source of expansion (or observed red shift) to make up for the discrepancy. For example, if two adjacent points have some gravitational gradient due to non-parallel time arrows, then light passing through these points will be red-shifted. - Cited from www.academia.edu/82481487/Title_Alternative_Explanation_of_Dark_Matter_and_Dark_Energy
My thoughts : 🤔 Galaxy rotation curve is may be little bit due to distribution of gravitational time dilation of space from galactic center to us and from us to outer side of galaxy for our Galaxy and same for all galaxy's Because mass density in the center of galaxy is higher then middle ( where our earth is ) so time runs slower in center then middle , so stars only appears that it is moving slower relative to us . And for why we see outer stars of galaxy orbiting faster then it should be it is because time runs faster in less dense area of outer side of galaxy so that appears that they are moving faster relative to us . If it's wrong then why ???
Look up Lorentz Factor. It shows just how extreme you have to to get a decent gamma (time dilation). You could probably get the effect if you spread just enough mass that is spread out just perfectly, but then that galaxy wouldn't look like ours.
Dark matter has become scientific dogma rather than actually unbiased observations. It's great to see scientists like you that look at the data and attempt to interpret as it appears to be and not to interpret it as you are supposed to by your peers.
This is a brilliant exposition of the problem.. Thank you and all the best. thumb up to women scientists. There are few different curves for rotating matter.. if a gas or a fluid or a solid and this might be part of the explanation.
It is one of the few times that I hear a high-level scientist addressing the public of "normal" people without treating them like a bunch of morons, this - beyond the remarkable clarity of exposition of such a complex matter - is in itself a a sign of great intelligence, competence, respect and ... cultural fascination. (Pino - Siracusa - Magna Grecia).
Nah, i think if Sabine was to describe it, she would do it with one sentence, and in such a manner it would leave very little doubt what was needed and why it was needed. But anyone else would need to write a fullwritten A4 page to describe the same thing.
I love you presentation and I think you r right .I m with you on this one .take in consideration how insignificant we are and the little tools we have and knowledge that is till in it's infancy . anything can be possible at this time . getting everyone to agree is another challenge.
You are on the right track, now just assume that there can be gravity without the presence of any mass, and compare our mutual speculations. We must arrive at a predictive theory and consistent with the observations.
Ok, we know enough to know that we don't know enough. Frustrating, but I enjoy your videos and your delivery style; very relaxing. Just remember that the light that shines twice as bright shines half as long and to know it all is to be god.
re: "Dark Matter" - Suppose inertia is relative. F = m a = G M m / R^2 ==> a = F / m = G M / R^2 - Suppose it is not M that is relative to R but m (inertia). The Dark Matter conjecture proposes that the anomalous (lack) of centripetal acceleration is due to M being bigger than expected. But it could also be that small-m (the object's relative inertia) is smaller than expected. So instead of modifying Newton's law, perhaps we should be modifying Mach's. This idea could also explain the effect we call "Dark Energy".
I absolutely love this type of video. It depicts scientific work in the evaluation of information from others and the rise of new theories. On a possible related note, what truths do we actually know about the medium that is considered outer space(deep space)?
Even not being student of science after school education I find her v logs very fascinating motivating a curious person like me to feel observations like scientist I am waiting for her detail v log about infinity
I could say hint your right of the combination, There is various wave length & polarity of geomagnetic gravitational storms (blackholes), mass vortex & kinetic bond formation. Matter is multi elaborate exponentially in size, just like if you compare a rock, to a bolder, an astriod, moon , planet, solar system, BH, interstellar clusters etc.
I'd love to hear your take on quantized inertia, a specific kind of modified gravity. It posits inertia is the product of a cassimir effect on an objects rindler horizon. Not only does it work well for galaxies as you note, it would also be a way to explain gravity in terms of massive photons. Love this perspective that they aren't mutually exclusive theories necessarily. It's not one I've encountered elsewhere. Some times it's not a chicken or duck, but it is in fact a turducken.
Hi, I think I can help you with where to look for the culmination of your hypothesis. I have been thinking about this problem for quite sometime, but did not think of gravity as a super fluid. I have been looking at what lies under the event horizon of a black hole. Obviously, no one knows what is in this region, but reasonable speculation should be considered. I suspect that space acts as a fluid with tremendous pressure when we are considering the core of a black hole. If we are looking from the outside of a black hole, we can only see the lack of light that would correspond with the GR theory. However, looking underneath we would likely see space moving differently than GR might or could predict. What I am saying is that space would move faster than the speed of light, and this would be better measured as a pressure (you mentioned pressure in this lecture, as a way to measure gravity). Theories can develop from this new way of thinking of gravity, though the math may still be the same, new ideas can flow from a different frame of thought. Any way, the implications of high pressure space acting on a black hole will lead to the idea that penetration areas can form in the core of black holes. The penetration areas can form because the core can never completely become quiet (Zero Kelvin) and if space under this amount of pressure penetrates the black hole, the black hole will spew out its guts. Those "guts" will be the original material that formed the black hole and once exposed to "lower pressure" space, will form back into the original building blocks of the universe. Basically it will be a small "Big Bang". Evidence for this will be available in current spectrographic data from extremely violent objects in the universe, as well as in super diffuse galaxies that lack black holes at their cores.
One more thing that could help here is if space did penetrate a black hole the initial pressure of space would be faster than the speed of light an explain Inflation theory in cosmology. I realize all of this might be completely wrong, but I have not gained enough skill to prove myself wrong, so I look for anyone who can, or is willing to point out my mistakes.
I am psychologist. I will use this to get across to my undergrads the importance on context on behaviour. Psychology, unfortunately, is guilty of trying to add parameters to the brain to explain environmental variance. Thanks for the video :-)
Sabine, your approach to science/physics is one of the best, open minded as science should be ! "Combination of both", well , there's no such thing as Gravity say's grade school science GAS BONDING ! To understand how galaxy's stay together they first has to take into account open empty space that's without energy flow to support motion of solid objects, thus it acts as a barrier between stars where nothing such as solid objects ever enters or leave, with the exception of a very weak communication link from star to star made possible by empty space, that communication is no stronger than the human thought, which is capable of traveling across the universe in no time. The human thought roaming across the universe is the result of our bodys MOLICULAR MOTION, but at such weak a level it's only capable of carrying weak electronic information, beyond ATOMIC MOLECULAR ENERGY FLOW, quantum mechanics ! ENERGY too weak to interact that's weaker than the human thought , yet it works perfectly holding galaxy's together, taking into account empty space.
It is observationally obvious spacetime is fluid. Everywhere we look...... Everyone jeers the ether, but...... So here it goes, I would go so far as to think that perhaps our very matter is a condensate from the enderlying ocean of dark matter in the same way water vapor condenses from our atmosphere to form clouds in areas of low pressure just take a good look at galaxies.... now consider the fluid has higher dimensions and our 4D topology is wrong, is a singularity in a black hole or for that matter any gravity well actually a point in 3D space?
From the banquet speech of Nobel Laureate Bob Dylan: "Your honesty and how it relates to the depth of your talent is tried." Yes, also scientists can do so, in some minutes, if they want!
One can see some of the descriptions get overwhelming to explain and is summarized sometimes to what one(all nouns) may think is relative information that we can grasp, but honestly there needs to be a relativity table or spectrum for us to base information on. There is no spectrum to this yet, because we are keeping constants as a a singularity. We need to do kinda what you said and look at environment differences, or the barrier that crosses other differences in all spectrums of matter (quantum and cosmic) to create a relative perspective map of what we know, which we can use with time fluidity as a spectrum to base it on. Idk semantics is so tricky but we have hiatus(quantum) scientists and astrophysicists(cosmic scientists) but no relative scientists…? We still have not created a map to a efficient use of relative information… we are to focused on the future without thought to relative information we have now. this is also why we havnt had quantum computers yet, because we are trying to force infinite spectrums of information into a defined spectrum. We need to break, expand, and/or condense information further to find the parameters of maximum information, only then once we reached a threshold of relative information, can we use quantum or cosmic size information as an actual tool. Information can be anything, I do not like saying “matter” unless we are speaking in the past. I’m sorry but my thoughts have closed now in the world of my own
Can measured gravity of center stars and edge stars in a galaxy be affected by, that the stars have different time dilation, relative to their distances from each other? - Super video again👍
Sabine Hossenfelder is very talented and composes wonderful songs. But she is also a scientist who in 2008 laid the foundations for a cosmological model where the universe is made up of a mixture of positive and negative masses. It is then described not, like Albert Einstein's model which is summarized by a single field equation, but by a system of two coupled field equations. From this angle Sabine is therefore the successor of Albert Einstein. But she could not build from her model elements that could be compared with the observations. In France, we developed in 2014 a system also based on similar equations that we have exploited with great success by showing a dozen points where it matches observational data. Sabine accused us of plagiarizing her own model. But these two systems are not identical. So we looked at how our model could be considered a special case of her model, which would not bother us at all. But we were unable to show it. Sabine may hold the key to this case. Under these conditions she should, as we have asked her several times, publish an article showing this and we would be happy if this story could be cleared up in good faith because this accusation of plagiarism, formulated in the emails she sends to correspondents, puts us in a very unpleasant situation. Jean-Pierre Petit and Gilles d'Agostini, from France
Valerij I Sbitnev proposes that it is the quantum vacuum itself which forms a "superfluid ether", not via a new field, or a different form of matter, or a modification to gravity, but via vortices of virtual particle-antiparticle pairs.
This is probably a dum question but.....if I have one liter (1kg) of water inside a sealed room/box, no matter wat I do to it (i.e. freeze or boil in to steam), somehow I could get the water back (1kg). But if I have 1 liter of oil (weight depends on what type so (Xkg))Is there anyway to get Xkg back again? or is that some kind of dark matter now?
I recommend, perhaps just as a thought experiment which may yield useful ideas (even if contradictory to it). A topological inversion of understanding/model can preserve the (good) maths, and may help you follow that intuition of superfluidity a bit further. Escape Atomism! Instead of bits of Something bumping into each other within an emptiness, consider existence as one fluid body with Strings, hence Particles arising in it as (sometimes linked combinations of) toroidal vortices. A vortex of sufficient energy/angular-momentum in a dense, low viscosity fluid can rip open a thread of pure vacuum. Add OM … which is the intrinsic vibration throughout the fluid on driven by the fluid's continual arising. Hence a low-pressure instant and a high-pressure instant. In the low pressure instant, vortices create loops/threads of pure vacuum within the fluid. In the high-pressure instant, these collapse into pure fluid (Schrodinger equation) motion. (The "wave function collapse" idea inverts, due to this topological inversion of current understanding). The collapse of vortices, tiny though they be, in sufficient numbers such as in a sun or planet, displace everything around more or less towards the averaged centerpoint of the collapse. This is the "curving of SpaceTime into/through a fourth domension". In the high-pressure instant, the true-vacuum threads pop back becoming "particle-like" once again. On account of the evolution of their energies during the high-pressure instant, their reappearance is uncertain, is subject to the wave equation of Schroedinger plus gravity (bulk momentary displacement of the one fluid). I know suspending disbelief on this is hard, so some strong belief-worthy indicators are worth mentioning. Sound waves in "Spacetime" are called gravitational waves (as is, by older ideas, light). Their speed is very high. Faster than sound waves in any other medium. The harder and firmer the medium the faster the wave which can propagate through it. Going by the calculated value for the young's modulus, the superfluid/supersolid oneness in which all apparent phenomena arise is hugely stiff. Around a hundred orders of magnitude stiffer than diamond. Superfluid Vacuum Theory did arise, in India in the 70's, but it had trouble, mostly by trying to keep Spacetime and Atomism intact. Maybe worth a look. The dogma of NO ETHER was well founded. The word "ether" means etherial - insubstantial. Sure, there is no faint substance which could conduct waves faster than solid diamond. A totally inappropriate word for something that is the one thing that exists - That in which all apparent forms arise. Remember, it is just a thought-experiment ;)
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There is a distance that Sabine’s brain can span that is so rare to see and so meaningful and beneficial. It’s the distance between the most complex theoretical work being done by her and her peers, and the every day lived experiences of the rest of us. Her ability to stay grounded even when she’s talking of galaxies and the Big Bang lets her sparkle some common sense into a field that really needs an injection of that once in a while. And meanwhile she gives us a window to better understand our universe in our natural language. Thank you Sabine for your contributions to both ends of the spectrum!!
"...but it's not so simple" :-) These are excellent videos; honest and no hype. Thank you very much
Fake shit
I try to avoid your quoted sentence coming from my mouth. It leads nowhere. But, speaking better is a challenge. A (mental) very interesting challenge...
She is the David Attenborough of cosmology! Not because she's right but because she makes the subject so utterly fascinating.
Well, if Dark Matter could behave as a superfluid and thus interact with normal matter to generate gravitational pull, it would be very straightforward to conduct experiments that prove the existence of Dark Matter or whatever this new substance will be called. Adding a dual concept (fluidic or superfluidic) to the existence to Dark Matter might also be interesting, but again it could also lead us to the results of the never found confirmation of string theory as the theory of everything. The bottom line is, if there is such invisible substance that interacts with normal matter, it would be relatively simple to at least prove its existence. The same concept applies to the cosmological constant of Einstein’s general relativity’s equation.
@@BernardoTavora Good.
Interesting because it's closest to truth. Throw a leaf on water surface and observe the lensing effect on the edges.
Black hole behave differently because of particle density and vacuum.
Except she isn't turning up after the video is made to do a voice over pushing a narrative based on fake science and feelings for political purposes.
She is very different .... i know your intentions are unintentional, but it must be clearly stated that it is minimizing to pigeon hole everyone that dares to stand up, or step forward... throw away your rulers.🐚
We need more of this type of online discourse in video form for all academic fields. Something slightly above the popularized science and with links and references to papers for those who are so inclined. I never subscribed so fast!
100 percent agree. And a website that curates the best of the best channels.
I love your pedagogy. It's a brilliant, no-nonsense, clear, concise, and undogmatic approach that … well, just netted you another subscriber. :)
This lady is cold & consistent, just like the universe... she's the perfect teacher. I love u Sabine, thanks for the knowledge!!!
I really like her presentations. Most other presentations usually speak like these theories are facts.
She's a professional physicist.
Even here you cannot get away from people that do not know what a theory is.
@@veronicats100 Exactly!! Is evolution a theory or no? How about gravity??
Know your religion; that's what I always say.. 🤣
@@veronicats100 ruclips.net/video/Cl-fKLEjbX4/видео.html
Except technically, scientific facts do not exist and these aren't yet theories but rather collections of unverified hypotheses.
From what I gather from your comment, you don't really comprehend basic scientific terminology, but are regardless trying to sound smart in your critique of others. It's something I often come across at this channel. A bunch of ignoramuses and hacks, attracted here only because Sabine sometimes criticizes the scientific establishment and they fundamentally despise science.
Just check out how many climate change deniers are always around here.
God it's so refreshing to hear intelligent thought...
I can relate. I wish it was the norm.
Yeah, but is there enough room to swing a cat where it was filmed?
She's a shit head.
You dont want to hear more about the evil CO2 gas that makes water magically expand?
Scott Parramore
I live in America, and I couldn't agree more! We're busy trying to convince people that the World isn't flat!! So this video is beyond most people I know 😪
Honest, straightforward and total lack of nonsense. Can’t get better than that.
great presentation. open minded approach to unravelling current mysteries, By not committing to one thesis, you leave the door open to new ideas. I think this is key to unlocking what we so poorly understand....please continue your research! You may be on the cusp of a great understanding! cheers from Canada.
First I was a bit sceptical about Sabine's book, and it left some sour taste in the mouth*, but her videos start to convince me that I just misunderstood something about her approach to science.
I think these videos are very underrated. They should be main stream.
* even though I'm Hungarian, I don't eat books.
This is real science with questions as well as answers. I have been waiting for her kind of video for years.
So much more detailed and unbiased than the videos from other youtubers. No assumptions, just facts. I love it. I actually learn something from your videos. Thank you Sabine!
I find this lady to be as fascinating as her subject matter, dark or otherwise.
Fascinating analysis. I like so much your undogmatic approach you dark fluid intelligence and your openness to this incredible quest. Absolutely nothing can be taken for granted.
Only recently discovered your channel and this is a very clear explanation of this topic.I like the way you clarify misconceptions. I must admit it took me a while to get used to your style but it was worth the effort and I have enjoyed you later science explainer videos
Having studied in Clausthal in the OberHarz, we have substantial experience with fluids essential of two kinds. The one is rain and snow and ice, aka water, the other one is alcohol, an important drug for enhancing the intellectual ressources of students. Interaction with gravity has been observed also in both cases, expecially because spacetime in the OberHarz is curved in unexpected directions in wintery conditions and results in frequent gravitational anomalies (balistic contact with roadside ditches). A common theoretical explanation for the fluid dynamics of water vs. alcohol might be useful but maybe misses the point: The essence of an external parameter is in those fluids themselves. Because of this intimate familiarity with those two fluids, the Clausthal University is, like no other one, best suited for research in theoretical astrophysics, if it turns out that fluids have this relevance to astrophysics. - Good luck!
@Bertrand de Born > ...are you done? 🕳️
Both water and alcohol are both easily modeled on bulk scales with Navier Stokes. Not even Density Functional Theory can adequately model water on fine scales.
@@vonBottorff That was true in the seventies. Nowadays, you see a lot of chinese students who learn how to copy western technology. Also, for every student of physics, there is an own lake where wave mechanics can be studied. These lakes are leftovers from the world-famous en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Harz_Water_Regale which is part of en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site. That is not "middle od nowhere". - Women? What do you think students should spend their time with?
@@vonBottorff You. Are. Perfectly. Right. - If I were to chose again a place to study physics, Clausthal would be first choice. Sabine Hossenfelder does not know what she missed ...
I'm in love with you Ms. Hossenfelder. Physics and cosmology are my avocation, but this is the first I heard of this idea. It even makes intuitive sense. Brava!
You got my attention. Very well explained, very intriguing.
lol. i love how you just convinced us of super fluid with words but just gave us a cold show of reality by saying the equations aren't there yet ;) very nice Sabine :)
Thanks Dr Hossenfelder! I'm being charmed to the research topics related to superconductivity and superfluidity. But, I never thought both of them could be related and involved to the field of cosmology studied. The interdisciplinary "interaction" is strong here xDD
Sabine does a great job of what my dad would call "cutting through the BS."
@serge bureau Why?
@serge bureau I'm not saying you're wrong. I do agree with you. But, what it differs from Dark Matter Hypothesis? you can invent dark matter that has all the properties you want and distribute it in way that fits your data perfectly.
👍🏽👽
A.k.a "without the gobbledygook" 😁
I was finishing your sentences. my first video I've seen of yours and you have received a subscription from me. Many thank you's.
Sabine was one of the reason why I thrive to study physics as a passion 🌌
Excellent description of MOND vs Dark Matter. Both as you have shown are imperfect. I like the superfluid hypothosis and this is the first I have heard of that (and I do follow these things). I will keep my eyes open for more on that idea. I guess we are back to just where we started: Collect more data, eliminate explanations that do not fit the data and keep thinking of new hypothesis. We don't have the answer yet.
If the dark matter is not affected by any force bad gravity, why it does not collapse in the center of a galaxy in a black hole ? What is the dynamic of the dark matter?
@@carlospardovidal6030 Without any other force to act on it dark matter particles will keep moving. Since momentum is conserved, the dark matter just keeps moving but may change direction. There is no way to make it stop and stick together (like ordinary matter does through static charge). Somewhere on YT there is an video about dark matter and black holes. Look around they explain that part of your question better than I am able to.
You should make more videos like this regularly ✌ If you need any volunteer graphic designer to make these videos better, I'll be glad to help.
The idea that space could exist in different physical states could explain way more than just dark matter.
'explanation' is not the goal - understanding is
@@whataboutthis10 wow, thanks.
Been working on a hypothesis for the last few weeks, nice to know I no longer need to check off the "explains" box.
Hope you don't mind if I cite you when the grant reviewer kicks it back.
It's a nice idea but then you'd have to explain how and why such a state change would take place. It seems everything has to go the reductionist route.
Love this presentation! I got a kick out the part where the hypothetical guy in Alaska dealing with ice tells Daniel Bernoulli who developed Bernouilli's law for water was an idiot! :-) :-)
This was a favorite part as well. Reminds me of all the math professors I've had.
Gebr. Bernulli had always been brothers.
1:18 😁
Love your videos, and happy to hear about something you're personally researching!
Note that Dr. Hossenfelder says "... the data are...", which is correct English (as opposed to "... the data is...", which is an all too common error in English). Proper grammar (such as correct use of the often wrongly spoken noun-verb agreement just noted) along with her slight foreign accent make Dr. Hossenfelder sound very learned and, therefore, believable. She comes across as an especially critical, careful, and, above all, intelligent thinker. Please keep making these very iinformative videos, DR. Hossenfelder.
Fantastic ideas!
Right outta the box. 👍
I love these presentations, the Good Lady Sabine is explaining concepts MUCH less ambiguously than most I’ve witnessed.
I’m a layperson enthusiast, that’s all. But it wasn’t till last year, somebody, (wish I could recall who; I’m a lifer stoner.), exemplified
2 things, & THAT opened my mind up, it was like a bandwidth increase. Everything I’d been reading, viewing, audiobook napping through, over years,
all of a sudden,
MADE SENSE. ✨
So, see how cultivation of ignorance, speaking ‘above’ or minimalizing states/behaviors in the hopes of sharing a description that’s moreso, conceptually, graspable when pressed for time leads to much more difficult conceptualization?
Sabine is straight up kicking ass & taking #’s!
I was just starting my Superfluids reading again, this is AWESOME timing for me, THX, Sabine!
Einstein suggested that matter curves spacetime. Maybe spacetime is superfluid, meaning it moves through matter like its not even there. If so, where there is matter there should be spacetime swirling arround it's spin, increasing entropie and slowing down time. So black holes could just be eyes of storms, super cold with absolut serenity and no mass at all. And just maybe the cells in our body's act the same, but on a tiny scale. Matter could be the catelist of superfluid spacetime.
Best physics channel on RUclips
I'm only early in my university education, but upon initially learning about the idea of superfluid dark matter in a book by Brian Clegg it's intrigued me, I hope to see the possibility explored more!
Wow the part about superfluid and the galaxy spin blow my mind.
Simple, short and honest videos. And very informative.
The first treat is watching the video and thinking about physics, the second treat is reading the comments from the craziest of pseudo-science loons. There are some gems in here Sabine!
Chris Morlock. I agree. I used to get annoyed by the pseudo-scientific comments, but now they've become a little light comdedy relief after the main show.
I must add these videos and S. Hossenfelder's blog are EXCELLENT accessible educational resources with much food for thought (with the best comment section I have seen in a blog). I very much appreciate the effort you put into making these tools.
Perfect video... thank you so much for your honesty of thought and clarity. I might use the slowdown video playback functionality for future episodes instead of 20 seconds replay back to understand everything! ☺️
Thank you so much for this video! This is real “food for thought”!
BTW I think you are awesome!
1. You are incredibly smart
2. You are very well educated
3. You function in a language that’s not your own.
Maybe there’s hope for some of us after all!
Cant wait to see the math behind this. It is a brilliant interpretation.
Many worlds interpretation of Quantum mechanics.
Cool Stuff ⚽️
what about if the superfluid starts to became non-newtonian (dilatant), while normal matters passes through it at relativistic speed? (near C?). A superfluid dark matter that has no viscosity when moving through it at low / non relativistic speed, but viscosity increases and shear force tends to infinity when your speed tends to C (shear thickening property). Could this be a good idea to investigate?
4 yrs from now
I understand you easily
Excellent overview of the theory of superfluid dark matter. Some worthwhile related papers may be found on the arXiv .
1:15 Best laugh-out-loud gag I have ever seen in an explanation of something scientific.
She is awesome. Very well explained.
First time I hear about modified gravity. Thank you, Sabine!
Would love an update on this sometime, if you get a chance ;) thank you for all you do!
Solche Videos sind sehr wertvoll, weil das mangelhafte der Physik klar aufgezeigt wird !!! Fuer die " Alten Hasen " bedeutet es : Leben und leben lassen ... Fuer die Jugend die Chance voellig Neues zu machen !!! Das ist noch ein langer und vielfaeltig weiter Weg zu einer halbwegs korrekten Vereinheitlichung der Physik. Wenn aber alle Fittereien und das Erdenken von jeglicher Art Materie nicht ausreichend ist, genau die Realitaet zu beschreiben, dann ist mit ziemlicher Sicherheit etwas grundlegend fehlerhaft. Die Raumzeit selbst bzw. das Quantenvacuum als Supramedium zu identifizieren koennte Bestand haben. Die Densionalitaet als auch die Natur aller Kraefte als Folge von Informationsfluessen durch das Supramedium koennte auch das Wesen aller Gesetzmaessigkeiten fundamentieren. Die Einsteinschen Feldgleichungen sind ein Instrument fuer Vorhersagen mit Randbedingungen. Die Randbedingungen selbst und auch die Prinzipien zur Anwendung des Instruments sind offene Aspekte . Wenn bei aller Offenheit keine angemessene Berechnung der Realitaet moeglich ist, braucht es mehr. Irgendwas wesentliches fehlt und im Grunde ist Einstein schon falsifiziert. Gravitation ist wohl nicht Gott gegeben , wie er sagte ... Was mit Beeinflussung der Informationsstroemungen durch das Supramedium zu tun haben koennte. Selbst z.B. Verschraenkung koennte ( fuer Gravitation ) eine Bedeutung haben. Wo kommt dieser Aspekt in die Gleichungen ???
When the only tool in your toolbox is gravity everything looks like invisible dark matter
I agree. Just add "time" and "change"
Electromagnetism is way to complex to include in a simple model like lambda-CDM. There are things like bulk viscosity and the "Kerr" metric which incorporate a very simplified version of electromagnetism, but the true turbulence and intricacies of EM are omitted in high level models because they are computationally infeasible.
@Sabine If you move a regular mass will it interact gravitationally with a superfluid dark mass and drag it along? If I then tried to stop that regular mass from moving would the superfluid dark matter keep on moving dragging the regular mass with it. Like some kind of inertia?
You convinced me that combining dark matter and modified gravity makes a lot of sense. However, it also makes sense to have dark matter alone, because if all superfluid kinds of hypotheses might fail. At this stage, we don't know. However, great video. Thanks for this wonderful contribution.
Alternative Explanation of Dark Matter and Dark Energy - Newly proposed model of Universe can explain both of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Einstein’s theory of General Relativity states that spacetime is curved by the presence of mass.
This curvature influences the motion other objects with mass and gives rise to gravitation.
Thus, gravity is a result of geometric features in spacetime.
However, we also observe gravitational effects - curvature of spacetime - in areas without any detectable mass.
This has given rise to the concept of dark matter, which is matter that does not interact in any detectable way with normal matter, except through gravity.
So, there is some large quantity of dark matter scattered throughout the universe, which curves spacetime and causes gravitational effects just like normal matter, but we cannot see or detect it with any known method.
An alternative theory to the identity of dark matter is proposed - it is not matter at all, but rather an intrinsic curvature of spacetime.
In other words, spacetime is not naturally flat. Even in the absence of matter, we observe some inherent curvature of spacetime.
So, the question is now - why is spacetime naturally curved? Why is it not flat in the absence of mass?
The universe is 4-dimensional, with 3 spatial dimensions and one dimension in time.
Rather than consider time as a linear dimension, we can consider it as a radial one.
Therefore, rather than describing the universe with a Cartesian coordinate system, we describe it with a 4-dimensional spherical coordinate system - 3 angular coordinates, φ1, φ2, φ3, and one radial coordinate in time, t.
We live on the 3-dimensional surface of a 4-dimensional bubble which is expanding radially in time.
Thus, the Big Bang represents t=0, the beginning of time.
The crucial point is that the expansion of the universe is not homogeneous in all directions.
The expansion rate at one point on the bubble’s surface may differ slightly from another point near it.
The universe is only roughly spherical in 4 dimensions, the same way that the Earth is only roughly spherical in 3 dimensions.
The same way we observe local mountains and valleys on the surface of Earth, we observe local “mountains” and “valleys” on the surface of the universe bubble.
The inhomogeneity of the expansion of the universe has given rise to natural curvature of spacetime. This natural curvature causes the phenomenon of “dark matter”. “Valleys” in spacetime pull matter in, similarly to the warping of spacetime of massive objects.
So “dark matter” is really “valleys” in spacetime that are expanding slower than the regions surrounding it.
These valleys tend to pull matter in and create planets, stars, and galaxies - regions of space with higher-than-average densities of mass.
Conversely, “mountains” in spacetime will repel matter away, an “anti-gravitational” effect, which gives rise to cosmic voids in space where we observe no matter.
Each point on the surface of the universe bubble traces out a time arrow in 4-dimensional space, perpendicular to the surface.
These time arrows are not parallel to each other since the universe is not flat.
This causes points to have nonzero relative velocity away from each other.
It is generally accepted that the universe is expanding faster than observable energy can explain, and this is expansion is believe to be still accelerating.
The “missing” energy required to explain these observations has given rise to the theory of dark energy.
The time dilation caused by non-parallel time arrows can be proposed as an explanation for dark energy.
Alternatively, dark energy is real energy coming from potential energy gradients caused by non-parallel time arrows.
As a sanity check, we can calculate the expansion rate of the universe based on the universe bubble model.
Since the radius of the universe bubble is expanding at the speed of light in the time direction, it increases at 1 light second per second.
Therefore, the “circumference” of the 3-dimensional surface increases by 2π light seconds per second, or about 1.88*10^6 km/s.
This expansion is distributed equally across the 3-dimensional surface, so the actual observed expansion rate is proportional to the distance from the observer.
At present, the age of the universe is estimated to be 13.8 billion years, so the radius of the universe bubble is 13.8 billion light years, or about 4233 megaparsecs (3.26 million light years to 1 Mpc).
Thus, we can calculate the expansion rate of the universe, per megaparsec from the observer, as:
Expansion rate = ((d(circumference))/dt)/radiusofuniverse=(1.88*〖10〗^6 km⁄s)/(2π*4233Mpc)=(1.88*〖10〗^6 km⁄s)/26598Mpc=70.82(km⁄s)/Mpc
The popularly accepted empirical expansion rate is 73.5 + 2.5 km/s/Mpc, so our calculated value is close.
There may be some additional source of expansion (or observed red shift) to make up for the discrepancy. For example, if two adjacent points have some gravitational gradient due to non-parallel time arrows, then light passing through these points will be red-shifted.
- Cited from www.academia.edu/82481487/Title_Alternative_Explanation_of_Dark_Matter_and_Dark_Energy
I'm not a physicist, but for me it sounds like you deserve the Nobel Prize! 😊
Excellent as ever. Your clarity is wonderful
wonderful explanation .... thank the stars for you and also for Sean Carroll
"Sounds good, huh? But it's not so simple... 😞", as an answer to every problem.
My thoughts : 🤔
Galaxy rotation curve is may be little bit due to distribution of gravitational time dilation of space from galactic center to us and from us to outer side of galaxy for our Galaxy and same for all galaxy's
Because mass density in the center of galaxy is higher then middle ( where our earth is ) so time runs slower in center then middle , so stars only appears that it is moving slower relative to us . And for why we see outer stars of galaxy orbiting faster then it should be it is because time runs faster in less dense area of outer side of galaxy so that appears that they are moving faster relative to us .
If it's wrong then why ???
Look up Lorentz Factor. It shows just how extreme you have to to get a decent gamma (time dilation). You could probably get the effect if you spread just enough mass that is spread out just perfectly, but then that galaxy wouldn't look like ours.
Wonderful vid, thanks so much.
It’s always such a relief to understand that everything cannot be explained by one.
More vids please!
Dark matter has become scientific dogma rather than actually unbiased observations. It's great to see scientists like you that look at the data and attempt to interpret as it appears to be and not to interpret it as you are supposed to by your peers.
Fantastic explanation. Thank you for making these videos.
This is a brilliant exposition of the problem.. Thank you and all the best. thumb up to women scientists. There are few different curves for rotating matter.. if a gas or a fluid or a solid and this might be part of the explanation.
It is one of the few times that I hear a high-level scientist addressing the public of "normal" people without treating them like a bunch of morons, this - beyond the remarkable clarity of exposition of such a complex matter - is in itself a a sign of great intelligence, competence, respect and ... cultural fascination. (Pino - Siracusa - Magna Grecia).
Seems like an elegant idea - I'm sold.
She can describe a simple pancake recipe at the end of which I will no longer know what a pancake is.
Thats normal in Germany ; )
I know........
Nah, i think if Sabine was to describe it, she would do it with one sentence, and in such a manner it would leave very little doubt what was needed and why it was needed. But anyone else would need to write a fullwritten A4 page to describe the same thing.
I love you presentation and I think you r right .I m with you on this one .take in consideration how insignificant we are and the little tools we have and knowledge that is till in it's infancy . anything can be possible at this time . getting everyone to agree is another challenge.
You are on the right track, now just assume that there can be gravity without the presence of any mass, and compare our mutual speculations. We must arrive at a predictive theory and consistent with the observations.
Wow, just wow! These ideas are exciting, I hope they turn out to be correct.
Ok, we know enough to know that we don't know enough. Frustrating, but I enjoy your videos and your delivery style; very relaxing. Just remember that the light that shines twice as bright shines half as long and to know it all is to be god.
Hydrogen and Helium in space vacuum must form significant amount of superfluid. The temperature is close to this formation.
re: "Dark Matter" - Suppose inertia is relative.
F = m a = G M m / R^2 ==> a = F / m = G M / R^2
- Suppose it is not M that is relative to R but m (inertia).
The Dark Matter conjecture proposes that the anomalous (lack) of centripetal acceleration is due to M being bigger than expected. But it could also be that small-m (the object's relative inertia) is smaller than expected. So instead of modifying Newton's law, perhaps we should be modifying Mach's. This idea could also explain the effect we call "Dark Energy".
Not what I was expecting. Excellent!
6:00 Well said both can be true.
I absolutely love this type of video. It depicts scientific work in the evaluation of information from others and the rise of new theories.
On a possible related note, what truths do we actually know about the medium that is considered outer space(deep space)?
Even not being student of science after school education I find her v logs very fascinating motivating a curious person like me to feel observations like scientist I am waiting for her detail v log about infinity
Superfluid is the coaxial circuit of the Inertial plane. Dark matter is in Counterspace.
I love a scientist who understands the impact of environment on physics. Its how I write science fiction.
I agree. The environment is the stage that the play is performed upon.
I could say hint your right of the combination, There is various wave length & polarity of geomagnetic gravitational storms (blackholes), mass vortex & kinetic bond formation. Matter is multi elaborate exponentially in size, just like if you compare a rock, to a bolder, an astriod, moon , planet, solar system, BH, interstellar clusters etc.
i was just thinking, "yes, she's got it!" and she went on with, "not so simple.." but, more work needed is the right resolution, will stay tuned.
I'd love to hear your take on quantized inertia, a specific kind of modified gravity. It posits inertia is the product of a cassimir effect on an objects rindler horizon. Not only does it work well for galaxies as you note, it would also be a way to explain gravity in terms of massive photons.
Love this perspective that they aren't mutually exclusive theories necessarily. It's not one I've encountered elsewhere. Some times it's not a chicken or duck, but it is in fact a turducken.
Excellent. I really enjoyed the the video trilogy of Dark Matter Vs Modified Gravity. It's the Smart Hulk idea!
Hi, I think I can help you with where to look for the culmination of your hypothesis. I have been thinking about this problem for quite sometime, but did not think of gravity as a super fluid. I have been looking at what lies under the event horizon of a black hole. Obviously, no one knows what is in this region, but reasonable speculation should be considered. I suspect that space acts as a fluid with tremendous pressure when we are considering the core of a black hole. If we are looking from the outside of a black hole, we can only see the lack of light that would correspond with the GR theory. However, looking underneath we would likely see space moving differently than GR might or could predict. What I am saying is that space would move faster than the speed of light, and this would be better measured as a pressure (you mentioned pressure in this lecture, as a way to measure gravity). Theories can develop from this new way of thinking of gravity, though the math may still be the same, new ideas can flow from a different frame of thought. Any way, the implications of high pressure space acting on a black hole will lead to the idea that penetration areas can form in the core of black holes. The penetration areas can form because the core can never completely become quiet (Zero Kelvin) and if space under this amount of pressure penetrates the black hole, the black hole will spew out its guts. Those "guts" will be the original material that formed the black hole and once exposed to "lower pressure" space, will form back into the original building blocks of the universe. Basically it will be a small "Big Bang". Evidence for this will be available in current spectrographic data from extremely violent objects in the universe, as well as in super diffuse galaxies that lack black holes at their cores.
One more thing that could help here is if space did penetrate a black hole the initial pressure of space would be faster than the speed of light an explain Inflation theory in cosmology. I realize all of this might be completely wrong, but I have not gained enough skill to prove myself wrong, so I look for anyone who can, or is willing to point out my mistakes.
This is an awesome explanation: practical and concise. Thank you!
I last used the Bernoulli equation for my engineering registration exam......33 years ago!
Beyond my comprehension at the present time, but it was still interesting worth watching. Thank you.
I am psychologist. I will use this to get across to my undergrads the importance on context on behaviour. Psychology, unfortunately, is guilty of trying to add parameters to the brain to explain environmental variance. Thanks for the video :-)
Finally, a physicist doing physics again.
Sabine is an umpire merely calling balls and strikes.
Sabine, your approach to science/physics is one of the best, open minded as science should be !
"Combination of both", well , there's no such thing as Gravity say's grade school science GAS BONDING !
To understand how galaxy's stay together they first has to take into account open empty space that's without energy flow to support motion of solid objects, thus it acts as a barrier between stars where nothing such as solid objects ever enters or leave, with the exception of a very weak communication link from star to star made possible by empty space, that communication is no stronger than the human thought, which is capable of traveling across the universe in no time.
The human thought roaming across the universe is the result of our bodys MOLICULAR MOTION, but at such weak a level it's only capable of carrying weak electronic information, beyond ATOMIC MOLECULAR ENERGY FLOW, quantum mechanics !
ENERGY too weak to interact that's weaker than the human thought , yet it works perfectly holding galaxy's together, taking into account empty space.
It is observationally obvious spacetime is fluid. Everywhere we look...... Everyone jeers the ether, but......
So here it goes, I would go so far as to think that perhaps our very matter is a condensate from the enderlying ocean of dark matter in the same way water vapor condenses from our atmosphere to form clouds in areas of low pressure just take a good look at galaxies.... now consider the fluid has higher dimensions and our 4D topology is wrong, is a singularity in a black hole or for that matter any gravity well actually a point in 3D space?
From the banquet speech of Nobel Laureate Bob Dylan: "Your honesty and how it relates to the depth of your talent is tried." Yes, also scientists can do so, in some minutes, if they want!
One can see some of the descriptions get overwhelming to explain and is summarized sometimes to what one(all nouns) may think is relative information that we can grasp, but honestly there needs to be a relativity table or spectrum for us to base information on. There is no spectrum to this yet, because we are keeping constants as a a singularity. We need to do kinda what you said and look at environment differences, or the barrier that crosses other differences in all spectrums of matter (quantum and cosmic) to create a relative perspective map of what we know, which we can use with time fluidity as a spectrum to base it on. Idk semantics is so tricky but we have hiatus(quantum) scientists and astrophysicists(cosmic scientists) but no relative scientists…? We still have not created a map to a efficient use of relative information… we are to focused on the future without thought to relative information we have now. this is also why we havnt had quantum computers yet, because we are trying to force infinite spectrums of information into a defined spectrum. We need to break, expand, and/or condense information further to find the parameters of maximum information, only then once we reached a threshold of relative information, can we use quantum or cosmic size information as an actual tool. Information can be anything, I do not like saying “matter” unless we are speaking in the past. I’m sorry but my thoughts have closed now in the world of my own
Can measured gravity of center stars and edge stars in a galaxy be affected by, that the stars have different time dilation, relative to their distances from each other?
- Super video again👍
This definition of modified gravity is really good
Sabine Hossenfelder is very talented and composes wonderful songs. But she is also a scientist who in 2008 laid the foundations for a cosmological model where the universe is made up of a mixture of positive and negative masses. It is then described not, like Albert Einstein's model which is summarized by a single field equation, but by a system of two coupled field equations.
From this angle Sabine is therefore the successor of Albert Einstein. But she could not build from her model elements that could be compared with the observations.
In France, we developed in 2014 a system also based on similar equations that we have exploited with great success by showing a dozen points where it matches observational data. Sabine accused us of plagiarizing her own model.
But these two systems are not identical. So we looked at how our model could be considered a special case of her model, which would not bother us at all. But we were unable to show it.
Sabine may hold the key to this case. Under these conditions she should, as we have asked her several times, publish an article showing this and we would be happy if this story could be cleared up in good faith because this accusation of plagiarism, formulated in the emails she sends to correspondents, puts us in a very unpleasant situation. Jean-Pierre Petit and Gilles d'Agostini, from France
Occam's razor comes into play….. I feel it.
Valerij I Sbitnev proposes that it is the quantum vacuum itself which forms a "superfluid ether", not via a new field, or a different form of matter, or a modification to gravity, but via vortices of virtual particle-antiparticle pairs.
Would be nice to get an update on this, if any!
*What's the difference between Superfluid Dark Matter and Superfluid Matter in general? Just that it doesn't show any electromagnetic interaction?*
This is probably a dum question but.....if I have one liter (1kg) of water inside a sealed room/box, no matter wat I do to it (i.e. freeze or boil in to steam), somehow I could get the water back (1kg). But if I have 1 liter of oil (weight depends on what type so (Xkg))Is there anyway to get Xkg back again? or is that some kind of dark matter now?
I recommend, perhaps just as a thought experiment which may yield useful ideas (even if contradictory to it).
A topological inversion of understanding/model can preserve the (good) maths, and may help you follow that intuition of superfluidity a bit further.
Escape Atomism!
Instead of bits of Something bumping into each other within an emptiness, consider existence as one fluid body with Strings, hence Particles arising in it as (sometimes linked combinations of) toroidal vortices.
A vortex of sufficient energy/angular-momentum in a dense, low viscosity fluid can rip open a thread of pure vacuum.
Add OM … which is the intrinsic vibration throughout the fluid on driven by the fluid's continual arising. Hence a low-pressure instant and a high-pressure instant.
In the low pressure instant, vortices create loops/threads of pure vacuum within the fluid. In the high-pressure instant, these collapse into pure fluid (Schrodinger equation) motion. (The "wave function collapse" idea inverts, due to this topological inversion of current understanding).
The collapse of vortices, tiny though they be, in sufficient numbers such as in a sun or planet, displace everything around more or less towards the averaged centerpoint of the collapse. This is the "curving of SpaceTime into/through a fourth domension".
In the high-pressure instant, the true-vacuum threads pop back becoming "particle-like" once again. On account of the evolution of their energies during the high-pressure instant, their reappearance is uncertain, is subject to the wave equation of Schroedinger plus gravity (bulk momentary displacement of the one fluid).
I know suspending disbelief on this is hard, so some strong belief-worthy indicators are worth mentioning.
Sound waves in "Spacetime" are called gravitational waves (as is, by older ideas, light). Their speed is very high. Faster than sound waves in any other medium.
The harder and firmer the medium the faster the wave which can propagate through it.
Going by the calculated value for the young's modulus, the superfluid/supersolid oneness in which all apparent phenomena arise is hugely stiff. Around a hundred orders of magnitude stiffer than diamond.
Superfluid Vacuum Theory did arise, in India in the 70's, but it had trouble, mostly by trying to keep Spacetime and Atomism intact. Maybe worth a look.
The dogma of NO ETHER was well founded. The word "ether" means etherial - insubstantial. Sure, there is no faint substance which could conduct waves faster than solid diamond. A totally inappropriate word for something that is the one thing that exists - That in which all apparent forms arise.
Remember, it is just a thought-experiment ;)