I can't thank you enough for your brilliant videos - they always make sense and when I'll keep on relying on your videos to understand aspects of the course that were too confusing at first :)
12:40 , 'this could be because oestrogen can activate a gene by binding to a GENE that initiates transcription' but in a previous video of transcriptional factors, i thought u said that oestrogen binds to the receptor...? yet written in the powerpoint it said it binds to a gene. can u explain this please ! thanks for the video btw
Oestrogen binds to receptor on a transcriptional factor which allows it to then bind to specific base sequence on the gene and initiate transcription x
Anyone student can notice this inconsistency straight away but these people are so disconnected from us they don't understand what obviously doesn't make sense. I'd say this is due to the crappy aqa Oxford book which also repeats this lie . The oestrogen itself doesn't bind to a gene its the transcriptional factor that does .
Thank you for these videos, they make more sense than the Snaprevise videos. I’m sorry Snaprevise! But your videos put everything into a nutshell which is what I really like :)
Hey miss Estruch, so does oestrogen bind directly to the proto-oncogene rather than activating a transcriptional factor which is complementary to the proto-oncogene? Also in the exam do we always refer to the the gene as proto-oncogene and only when it has mutated we call it an oncogene? And is it this oncogene that then leads to cancer (in the case of gene mutations)? Thanks!
A proto-oncogene is only an oncogene due to a mutation (usually hypomethylation) meaning the oncogene are over activated and this is what causes cancer.
Hi Miss! I'm a bit confused about the hyper/hypomethylation section. I watched your epigenetics video and it said methyl groups bind directly to DNA (cytosine) and therefore DNA-histone complex condenses, but here it mentions that it binds directly to tumour suppressor gene. Does it just inhibit it generally or does it also cause DNA-histone complex to condense?
Hey Ms Estruch, Thank you so much for your help in these videos. I have a question on the effect of oestrogen on tumour development. In this video and in the official Kerboodle AQA biology book, it says that the oestrogen binds to the gene, activating it. However, in another topic in section 8 on regulation on transcription, the oestrogen is shown to bind to the transcription factor, acting as a signalling molecule rather then binding to the gene itself. Could you explain to me which mechanism I should understand, that it binds to the transcription factor or binds to the gene itself? Thank you, I hope you have a great day!
@@lancashirelass5176 I understand, but were we not taught that oestrogen binds to a oestrogen receptor on the transcription factor which activates it and the transcription factor is the one that binds to the promoter region of the gene, thereby initiating transcription?
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lets be honest Miss Estruch is better than any of our teachers
I can't thank you enough for your brilliant videos - they always make sense and when I'll keep on relying on your videos to understand aspects of the course that were too confusing at first :)
Thank you Jamie! Really pleased to hear that it is helping you to understand. Hopefully it keeps you enjoying Biology ! :D
saving my autumn A level exams, thankyou !! xx
You're welcome.
Good luck!!!
12:40 , 'this could be because oestrogen can activate a gene by binding to a GENE that initiates transcription'
but in a previous video of transcriptional factors, i thought u said that oestrogen binds to the receptor...? yet written in the powerpoint it said it binds to a gene. can u explain this please ! thanks for the video btw
I’m confused about this too, maybe its a mistake
Oestrogen binds to receptor on a transcriptional factor which allows it to then bind to specific base sequence on the gene and initiate transcription x
Anyone student can notice this inconsistency straight away but these people are so disconnected from us they don't understand what obviously doesn't make sense. I'd say this is due to the crappy aqa Oxford book which also repeats this lie . The oestrogen itself doesn't bind to a gene its the transcriptional factor that does .
Thank you so so much, these videos are brilliant! I am so happy that I found them in time for my exams :) xx
so glad you did too if they are helping you 😊
Best of luck with your exams!! 🤞🤞🤞
@@MissEstruchBiology Thank you!! :))
Thank you for these videos, they make more sense than the Snaprevise videos. I’m sorry Snaprevise! But your videos put everything into a nutshell which is what I really like :)
ah wow, high praise indeed! Thank you 😁😁😁
@@MissEstruchBiology You’re welcome 👍
10:13 do we need to link this with acetylation also? both methylation and acetylation can cause a cancer to develop?
7:24 it says methylation of oncogene supposed to be acetylation of oncogene.
Cry me a river mate
Love your ❤"also"❤ my veteran teacher.
Thank you :)
Thx too much my friend this video it's so important u best in molecular genetics
So glad it's helping!
What grade did you end up getting?
Thank you. This was very helpful.
Glad it was helpful!
What parts of this video do we need to know for the cancer part of topic 1?
This is all from topic 8 for AQA
How much of this information is needed for Topic 2?
thank you
you're welcome 😊
IA THIS FOR AS OR ALVL LOOKS MORE LIKE A LVL COZ IN AS IT ONLY SAYS TO TELL HOW THEY FOREMD NOT N DETAIL BREFILY
Hello, This is an A level topic
@@MissEstruchBiology ahh thank u I got scared for a sec lol
Hey miss Estruch, so does oestrogen bind directly to the proto-oncogene rather than activating a transcriptional factor which is complementary to the proto-oncogene? Also in the exam do we always refer to the the gene as proto-oncogene and only when it has mutated we call it an oncogene? And is it this oncogene that then leads to cancer (in the case of gene mutations)? Thanks!
A proto-oncogene is only an oncogene due to a mutation (usually hypomethylation) meaning the oncogene are over activated and this is what causes cancer.
@@mc2smith370 thanks for your answer, i did my a levels last yr so i don’t even remember what any of this is about anymore 😭😭
Hi, is this unit 2?
hello,Its topic 8 for AQA
@@MissEstruchBiology Thankyou, do you have a video for cancer for unit 2?
Is this year 2?
yeah,.topic 8
Hi Miss! I'm a bit confused about the hyper/hypomethylation section.
I watched your epigenetics video and it said methyl groups bind directly to DNA (cytosine) and therefore DNA-histone complex condenses, but here it mentions that it binds directly to tumour suppressor gene. Does it just inhibit it generally or does it also cause DNA-histone complex to condense?
It condenses the dna where the TSG is located and thus it cannot be expressed
Hey Ms Estruch,
Thank you so much for your help in these videos. I have a question on the effect of oestrogen on tumour development. In this video and in the official Kerboodle AQA biology book, it says that the oestrogen binds to the gene, activating it. However, in another topic in section 8 on regulation on transcription, the oestrogen is shown to bind to the transcription factor, acting as a signalling molecule rather then binding to the gene itself. Could you explain to me which mechanism I should understand, that it binds to the transcription factor or binds to the gene itself?
Thank you, I hope you have a great day!
it means oestrogen binds to the promoter region upstream of the gene and stimulates transcriptiom
@@lancashirelass5176 I understand, but were we not taught that oestrogen binds to a oestrogen receptor on the transcription factor which activates it and the transcription factor is the one that binds to the promoter region of the gene, thereby initiating transcription?