How They Build Tunnels To Be Disaster Proof | Built From Disaster | Spark
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- Опубликовано: 9 май 2024
- How evacuation systems and fireproof concrete are now being incorporated into tunnel design in an attempt to save lives in a disaster.
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The Gotehart tunnel system was still a SINGLE bore tunnel, with two way travel. Double bore with one direction travel is far safer
not always possible and not necceserily safer they will still have fires and crashes
@@jimmyormerod4075 generally safer in that in the event of a fire, there is usually an escape route (the other tunnel).
Please keep making these videos these are my favorite engineering videos of all time
Ive been through the Löstchberg tunnel. It takes 8:45 mins Between Kandersteg and Goppenstein by train
4:50 What people should really be researching:
Why the hell do all of these trucks keep bursting into flames?!?!
EPA junk in a nut shell.
To be honest I wonder why this hasn't happened in America? I've never heard of trucks just spontaneously catching fire like this.
LOUSY HUMAN TRASH DESIGNING TUNNELS !
POLITICIANS TAKING BRIBES ! IDIOT ENGINEERS BELIEVING THEY KNOW HOW TO MAKE VEHICLES !
@@theq4602 Cars and Trucks do all the time
Cigarettes get chucked out window goes in lorry front exhaust and catch fire that's what seconds from disaster said
If history is any guide, tunnel fire shelters that withstand 1000° C fires for four hours isn't long enough.
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This makes the tunnels and storm water drains I explore look safe
G'day from Australia
I pictured a kangaroo in a tunnel.
Speaking of vehicle tunnels, do you guys have them? And if so, are road trains allowed to transverse them?
15:07 just uh gonna thow this out there but uhh .. ever thought of adding a sprinkler system ?.. gravity feed ?
Right? Does it just cost too much for a multi billion dollar project to add some sprinklers?
@@will16320 Even large Sprinklers wont be effective enough at putting out these huge hot fires like the examples in the video, you would need insane amounts of water. Also water on certain chemicals or hazardous goods that may be getting transported can make the fire worse or even cause large explosions. Its definitely been thought of before, and unfortunately its not practical
@@j3sspyle Hi Jess, sprinklers would hopefully prevent a fire from reaching a 1000C temp to begin by dampening / suppressing the early stages of the fire and completely smothering it before it can become something more serious, such as a fuel tank ignition. Whilst the sprinklers at your home use water, Modern commercial sprinklers do not use water, they use foam which is effectively the same as ABC powder and can be safely used on any fire type. Check out videos of it in petrol stations and aircraft hangers, highly effective against fuel fires. There may be other practical considerations but water availability / effectiveness of sprinklers are not issues
Tunnel system below a city... good Idea but what about the smog destroying the aboveground? I'm guessing the system will use fans to push it outside? If that's the case then what about using vents and filters to help clean up some of that congestion? Air in and Air out, didn't they use similar things for mining?
In Australia I believe our tunnels do have this
At 43:38 he says that all the cars will be underground so the air will be fresh on top. They have to vent the air out from the tunnel so people don't die of carbon monoxide, where do you think that venting goes? it goes into the air above ground. Wth
Probably funnelled off to less populated areas then runs through scrubbers, just like you get on factory exhausts.
In respect of the fire in the Mont Blanc tunnel I would not have associated margarine with such a devastating and intense fire 🔥, whilst I appreciate it is a type of fat and as such will act as a fuel for fire I would never have guessed it could be so damaging. Surly in the event of fire you would always want to extract the oxygen and smoke from a tunnel fire, not draw fresh oxygen in to support combustion, perhaps I am looking at it to logically and simply but surly denying fire any one of the 3 elements needed for combustion should be a simple matter.
Extracting the oxygen is not that easy and if it was possible it would have led to the death of everyone in the tunnel, including me and the ten other survivors on the Italian side of the fire who couldn't turn our trucks around in the narrow tunnel to drive out. I certainly couldn't have run the 6.5km to the exit before becoming overcome by either the intense heat or toxic smoke as it spread throughout the tunnel once the fans failed.
Spark: How tunnels are made safe
*Elon Musk has left the chat*
In San Francisco we have a similar technique to Amsterdam.
Except it's like the opposite.
Bulldoze the Small Buildings and make Make 30 Lane Mega Highway Bridges and 500+ Floor Sky Scrapers.
its a city if you want small buildings and shit live in a town if you live in the city expect 30 lane highways i bet youd be the first to complain about bad traffic i dont go to a city to see trees and plants
Actually there is no Italian Entrance to the Gotthard Tunnel. Both ends are in Switzerland.
the tunnel is used with roads to connect inter Switzerland and Italy.
@ronald nolan Its a 100km drive to the Italian border from the south portal and I couldn't find anything backing your statement.
The Tutorialist no it doesen t, the tunnel starts in the Italian part of Switzerland, and end in the German part of Switzerland.
BrauseKL I think they mean the Italian part of Switzerland.
ronald nolan the tunnel doesen t go to Italy, it ends in the Italian part of Italy.
If I've learned anything from tunnel disasters, it's that if your not moving, then get out of your car and run out of the tunnel.
That is fine for a short tunnel, but I was 6.5km in, smack in the middle of the 13km tunnel and there is no way I'd have been able to run that distance in the heat that was building up, so would probably have got in one of the shelters, where I'd have perished like those who did so on the French side of the fire as the heat passed the failsafe temperature of the shelter. I was better off waiting for the fire crews and tunnel direction vehicles to pick us up and get us out of there.
Also those who tried running out on the French side who weren't already near the entrance were all overcome by the toxic smoke, so collapsed and died before they'd gone more than a hundred metres or so. They didn't realise there was a fire until they saw the smoke approaching fast towards them, once the lights failed the ones further back never even saw the smoke in the first place, so died in their cars.
Fun fact the longest tunnel in the world is not the Gotthard Base Tunnel.
Its the Delaware Aqueduct, while not a tunnel traversed by freight or people it is still a tunnel. An thus holds the world record. It carries 1.3 billion gallons of water every day to supply roughly 50% of New York city's water supply.
It is 13.5 feet (4.1m) in diameter and 85 miles (137km) long.
Gotthard Base Tunnel longest Railway tunnel
Delaware Aqueduct longest Water supply tunnel
13:30 Stare at Comic Sans until rescue, or go back into the tunnel? :P
What's the name of the intro background tune from 1:23 - 1:43... I tried to Shazam it but no results were found.
Licensed background music and royalty free music that are used in documentaries are never on Shazam. Nor available to buy on Spotify etc. But in the case of the introduction, the music might have been composed for this series specifically
17:16 The cat from Courage the Cowardly Dog is hiding somewhere to play ball
Anyone ever thought of a sprinkler system with fire retardants mixed in to deal with common combustible materials. Or water sprinkler systems o monsoon intensity with localized controls. So ire in a sector
Some of these translations are extremely abbreviated.
Yes, it's really obvious, but it's still much better than the dubbing over most documentaries do.
Well, this is the first time I'm watching this channel. I definitely prefer to concentrate on the technical side of things than to insist on the emotional side, as Discovery Channel or other mainstream pseudo scientific channels always do. Not convincing.
Why don't you place the hi-fog system station at every 500mtrs that would trigger at 60 0r 80 degrees temperature... it would be very advantageous to cool and keep cool the tunnel... and not let it spread...
What is spark?
I wouldnt try to pump fresh air into a confined space with a fire and extract smoke. A better idea would be to run vents for the safe rooms and have bulkheads every so many hundred or thousand meters to block airflow to deprive it of oxygen and put it out.
I believe this video is wrong, I watched a documentary years ago about it, and it says that the controller actually tried to suffocate the fire, by extracting the air, this in some respect helped, however also sucked the air in the tunnel out, meaning that people running to safety suffocated (assuming they didn’t die from smoke inhalation first), and that those trying to turn their cars around and escape in their vehicles couldn’t, because their engines cut out and wouldn’t start as there was no air, it was being sucked out by the ventilation fans, and any remaining air was being rapidly consumed by the fire.
@the fiesta guy, he didn't extract the air, that is impossible because the tunnel is open at both ends, so extracting it at one end would just pull fresh air in at the other, he tried to blow the smoke out of the tunnel so people wouldn't suffocate, but the smoke was already too thick and any oxygen not already consumed by the flames was pushed to the top of the tunnel by the heavier dense smoke beneath. Even if he hadn't switched the fans to maximum (until the wiring burnt out), those on the French side would still have perished as the lower air pressure on the French side of Mt. Blank was dragging the smoke through that way anyway (which was the normal way the tunnel was ventilated, but usually around 330 days each year it is lower on the Italian side, 30 days on the French side and around 5 days per year it is equal and the fans need to be on full blast or the tunnel closed). It is only the fact it was one of the 30 days of flow towards France and the fans blowing in that direction too, that meant myself and 10 other truckers survived.
I drive in tunnels almost daily routine, but I see that the vents almost everywhere in Europe many times doesnt work, that means you inhale carbondyoxide while you are driving ... its fucking unhealthy man, some tunnels are more than 1 kilometers long
It's the carbon-monoxide in vehicle exhausts that's the killer, as it replaces oxygen in the blood-stream!
silly why add a flammable surface to a concrete tunnel. All you need is a rough surface for traction.
Does anyone know where the Löstchberg tunnel fire-train guy is from? He's speaking German but it sounds like Dutch. I'm guessing somewhere in Switzerland, but it's a very different pronunciation than the team at the Gotthard Tunnel.
That is swiss german, specifically a dialect which is spoken where the tunnel is, in the canton of Bern. there are many dialects in Switzerland, in every region they differ between one another.
That human tunnel is creepy as shit
In mount bland the trucks contained polethelyne? or something that was used in refrigeration for the butter etc. when burnt it creates cyanide like in the Grenfell fire tower. So people were also poisoned. Very sad
Disasters such as tunnel fires can happen.
OMG... Gotthard doesn’t connect Switzerland to Italy... It’s entirely in Switzerland. Please @spark check your charts!
the tunnel is used with roads to connect inter Switzerland and Italy.
The Tutorialist how many times do I have to say it?
I was in Turkey in the 1950's when Istanbul had 1 million people. I know of the earthquake problems, and water disasters. A ferry sank near Izmit. We collected funds for people.
More safety. Please
to help avoid a fire like these in tunnel's this long, is to have a water (enough fire extinguisher solution that smoothers) line all the way down the middle 🤔🤔🙏🙏🦅 - (i don't know the proper name for it)
American trucker moves his fuel truck with a fire, away from the marina's fuel depot.
French trucker: Runs away.
Firstly he was Belgian and secondly he was 6.5km into a 13km tunnel, there was no way Gilbert could drive it another 6.5km once the cab started burning. There's a huge difference between a hundred metres and 6,500 metres pal..!!
P.S. if he'd tried, then he'd have passed my truck 100 metres further on and I'd have died of smoke inhalation too, along with another nine truckers behind me and all the ones behind Gilbert would still have died anyway, so by stopping where he did, he saved eleven of us, not to mention the car drivers on the Italian side who managed to turn their cars around when nothing was coming in the opposite direction.
Fair enough.
More safety. Please.
omg i dont want to go in a tunnel anymore
there's gotta be a reason they don't use sprinkler systems....please tell me someone has thought of that and there's a good reason they're not used...
Automatic water sprinkler systems will fail to function in a long, artificially ventilated tunnels as the hot air will be blown by them big turbines causing it hard to detect where the actual fire located. Basically, it will be overwhelmed by the tunnel's airflow, so it's not as effective as it should be. Sprinklers may be used in naturally ventilated and or short tunnels.
A detection system should be in place. What the @#& is wrong with engineers.
Fire sprinkler isn't always the solution for fires. As a Hazardous material hauler myself, I carry elements that would explode if contact with water was made. Having a semi trailer that caught fire under one of the sprinkler suppression would be far more catastrophic then one would think. If my truck catches fire I have to call the dispatch to not send water trucks for the main fire but foam trucks to spray.
Probably because these tunnels go up and down, pooring it full with water would simply flood flood them.
Baron von Limbourgh the tunnel don’t go up and down, they start at a low point and go up to the end or to a middle point and go down again, this is maid so that the rain water that goes trough the rock can flow down.( maybe they also have channels for water)
Hmmmm funny how they don't mention the Lincoln or Holland tunnel as far as disaster. :)
On May 13, 1949, a bad collision occurred by two trucks, carrying hazardous materials, in the Holland Tunnel's eastbound tube. A major fire ensued. A ceiling section was destroyed, It took both the New Jersey and NYC fire departments to extinguish this huge blaze.
My instant thought is why are there not 2 tunnels for the road with two lanes and emergency lane each with stops every km?. Why have traffic going both ways in a single damn tunnel one lane. Worse design ever and cheap for a country like Switzerland.
Even something like a jersey barrier would help somewhat. Maybe they don't want to do that as it would block emergency vehicles being able to drive down the middle? The reason highways are so much safer than surface roads is due to the separation of opposing traffic flows.
Spark: How tunnels are made safe
Elon Musk: Hold my battery..
Musk: hold my glorified sewage pipe deathtrap
*What a retarded comment u loser*
What about a sophisticated sprinkler system?? New technology is great but so is an old school technology. WATER!
Which, in many cases can make the problem much, much worse. Apparently you've never heard of Class 4.3 Flammable Solids (aka Dangerous When Wet) materials that are often transported on...wait for it...trucks!
The human body has a natural 5-foot long tunnel inside of it. A poop tunnel that is that transports poop to the toilet, grass, table, couch or right on the floor (don't judge).
Mount Blanc lorry must have caught fire by friction between the tunnel and corner of the lorry, that was the main reason for the fire, the tunnel bore was just too small for that sized vehicle
Apparently there was some evidence given by witnesses driving in the opposite direction, that the fire started in the engine's air-filter intake (possibly by a lit cigarette-butt)!
ive heard it all now thats not physiccly possible mate the tnnel is way higher then the lorrys and the lorry wouldent be scraping against it for miles would it now it would have been a mechanical fault like most car fires
Absolute rubbish, all normal trucks in Europe run at a maximum height of 4 metres because of bridge heights on the motorway system across Europe, but the alpine tunnels are higher than that to accommodate 'convoi exceptional' vehicles that can't normally use the twisty alpine passes over the top. The main suspects for ignition were a fractured fuel line leaking diesel onto insulating material around the exhaust, the aforementioned careless cigarette but, or an overheated brake disc that had been binding. Even Gilbert Degrave, the driver couldn't say which when we spoke in the hotel whilst waiting to see if we could drive our trucks out once the fire was out (obviously Gilbert couldn't do that anyway, but as it turned out 3 days later, neither could the other 10 of us).
They said the first fire was over 1000 degrees for 53 hours, then they rebuild it and say it's safe because it can withstand 1000 degrees for 4 hours???
The goal is to prevent fire and not only give protection after its stated
they cant work fucking miricles haha thats the best humens can do right now what do you expect
The original fire shelters could only withstand temperatures up to 800°C for 6 hrs maximum, but with no escape tunnel that made them a death trap oven in this case. The new shelters can withstand 1,000°C for 4 hrs, giving those inside enough time to be safe waiting if it's a smaller fire that can be extinguished reasonably quickly, or if it develops into a more serious fire, they can exit safely via the new escape tunnel doorway in each shelter to a central air fed access tunnel beneath the roadway level. That is what makes it safer.
what i dont get is why they didnt mention the kaprun disaster
Probably because the faults leading to that disaster were related to the train and had nothing to do with the tunnel. I don't know if the tunnel itself was ever criticized.
😩 " ' DISASTER PROOF? ' ..... Just like the ' unsinkable ' S.S. Titanic and the ' absolutely fireproof ' Winecoff Hotel ? Don't bet your lives on It! "
actually the winecoff was fire proof its steel structure held up and didnt collapse as it was suppsed to
Only ONLY 10 fires per year in the Gottgard tunnel...where are these people coming from driving burning vehicles?!
Morse Code Reviews modern cars catch fire more than old ones used to.
You know, there are some people in the German part of Switzerland and also some Germans, to be honest, a lot of them, and some of them drive like there are no laws, I can say this because I’m from the Italian part of Switzerland and my mother is German.(I know how people drive in these places)
@@user-ky6vw5up9m You've forgotten about the 1990's
car and truck fires happen al the time you just arent going to hear about it unless its major its usually just and inconveinace and cost to the driver but if its in a tunnel its dangerouse when you have millions drive throughe a tunnel a year your gonna get hundreds of fires its part of having a car or truck theres risk of fire learn how the engine works and youll realize why its so common
Le wee!!
C
Lol. This is from 2008
Sad thing is, the truck driver in Mont Blanc could have possibly made it out of the tunnel on the other side if he kept driving or at least made it for the majority of the tunnel length, risking his own life but saving so many other lives.
We're now trained to carry on driving, only stop if you absolutely cannot drive any further at all. We're also instructed to not stop near a bridge, homes, or drainage if possible.
Why not design something that can instantly prevent fire from even breaking out? Something that can detect fire and extinguished instantly?
That would be too smart
What a brilliant idea. You must be a genius!
Spark!!! You make great videos and then ruin them by putting adverts in the middle of words and sentences! Why?! Its ridiculously annoying.
too many Ads, time to go back to TV
Install an adblocker
turning people into moles...
Could they not just pump lots of CO2 gas into the tunnel to starve the fire of oxygen? 😏
...also this is where autonomous vehicles could really have a great impact. Imagine if the whole line of cars could just reverse back out of the tunnel perfectly in sync!
The people inside would have suffocated
@@sad1234ee Great point, and a good example they have fire rescue specialists tackling fire tunnels and not someone like me 😁 I'd suffocate everyone trying to get out!
@@DamianDeEu electric vehicles would be the only thing that could save people here, lack of oxygen conked out peoples car engines before they could escape
they did it wrong, here let me show them
A
This was so Boring (R), What will happen if some one brings a Boring flamethrower into the tunnel?
The complex file potentially land because gong desirably introduce opposite a fluffy sprout. precious, general gentle wasp
Videos like this need to be shorter
simba_08 G we can do without people like you completely.
@@UFvckingloser dumb ass