Consistency Models | System Design | High Level Design

Welcome to a concise guide on databases in system design!
Join me as I explore the fundamental concepts and types of databases that power modern applications. In this video, you'll get a clear and concise overview of databases, their importance, and their benefits.
What is a Database?
A database is a structured collection of data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. Databases are used to store and retrieve data efficiently, supporting various operations for different applications.
Types of Databases
- Relational Databases (RDBMS): Organize data into tables with rows and columns. They use SQL for querying and maintaining data. Examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
- NoSQL Databases: Handle unstructured or semi-structured data. They are designed for scalability and flexibility. Types include document stores (MongoDB), key-value stores (Redis), column-family stores (Cassandra), and graph databases (Neo4j).
- NewSQL Databases: Combine the scalability of NoSQL databases with the ACID properties of traditional RDBMS. Examples include Google Spanner and CockroachDB.
Benefits of Databases
- Efficient Data Management: Organize and store large volumes of data efficiently.
- Data Integrity: Ensure data accuracy and consistency through constraints and transactions.
- Scalability: Support growth by scaling horizontally or vertically based on the database type.
- High Availability: Provide redundancy and failover mechanisms to ensure continuous availability.
- Security: Implement access controls, encryption, and other security measures to protect data.
Use Cases
- Relational Databases: Suitable for applications requiring complex queries, transactions, and data integrity, such as e-commerce platforms and financial systems.
- NoSQL Databases: Ideal for applications with large-scale, unstructured data, such as social media, IoT, and real-time analytics.
- NewSQL Databases: Best for applications needing the scalability of NoSQL with the transactional consistency of RDBMS, such as global financial systems and large-scale SaaS applications.
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