Turning Alchemy into Chemistry with Chickens
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- Опубликовано: 29 апр 2024
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In this video I explore the chemistry of producing some of the most important chemicals, paving the way for making better batteries and making my own camera film from scratch.
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The Channel Codys Lab did a series where he made gunpowder (it has long been taken down) but he utilized a Niter bed to make nitrates from Urine, hay and black tarp left out in the weather.
That is helpful, bu Ngl, im sure he knows. The youtube carfter -colab/inspiration list looks like a habsburg family circle
I'm not sure why the video be taken down when you can go to any Walmart and buy gunpowder at the age of 16 in the US lol
@@shanegibbensWalmart wants their cut...
I remember that one, Ive thought about this a few times a year since I was like 15, just how he pissed on a pile of leaves and somehow made firepower
@@warrensteel9954 😆
I will never stop being surprised by the fact that chicken shit was an actual, strategic resource back in the day.
human urine was also a very important resource for leather production in the roman empire
@natholius1 Urine was used in the leather making process during medieval times as well! Human poop had its uses, too, though I can't recall what exactly aside from fertilizer
Chicken manure still makes great fertilizer.
@@keithyinger3326 That stuff is the bomb.
I read that during the US Civil War, bat caves became vital because the guano helped bolster gunpowder production.
Once you've processed rotted poop, the solubles are a mixture of nitrates. Adding wood ash (which contains a lot of soluble potassium compounds) will cause a *displacement reaction* forming more potassium nitrate from the other nitrates, and exchanging with mostly hydroxides, forming Calcium and Magnesium hydroxide, which can be separated.
sounds like u need to invent some kind of breathing protection. keep yr lungs safe
"an interesting accidental chemical I made along the way" kind of defines most of humanity's journey of chemistry
A flaming pile of sulfur inside a box of lead thin enough to melt, inside your garage, is terrifying. But cool to see that old manufacturing tech in action.
Didn't his studio burn down before. Destroying a lot of projects. Now we see why.
I suppose he's re-creating the past where health and safety isn't a thing
Better Help ain't what it claims to be. I wouldn't accept any sponsor money from 'em.
This needs to be top comment. If channels don't want to research their sponsors and protect viewers from extremely predatory behavior, these comment warnings are one of the only ways to hopefully protect people.
@@koanye211 any content creator who takes sponsor money from better help, i switch on adblock and sponsorblock extensions for. it isnt new news that better help are a hellscape, i simply wont support channels who endorse them
money is money. 🥱 maybe you should try getting some 🤡 cope, seethe, and cry about it.
@@JANFU_Nova Says the white knight defending the honor of a sponsor. LMAO!
Not everyone is a communist there.
But thx for warning. What's so bad about betterhelp?
Y'know that game/exercise where you think about taking your modern knowledge and going back in time? Realistically, 99% of us would, at BEST, just assimilate into the time we go to and live as regular folk, upset at all the stuff we know about, but can't actualize any of.
Unless you're a chemist... AND geologist... AND physicist... AND engineer... AND half a dozen other high-level industrial professionals WITH all of the historical knowledge of how to do EVERYTHING primitively (no oscilloscopes nor multimeters nor lab-grade chemical dealers in 17th century Italy) or as they were done originally...
That's why I love this channel: the struggle is real!
Just write E=mc2 on the bathroom walls everywhere you go :]
@@eyesofthecervino3366 "Take THAT archeologists and Einstein in some hundreds of years!" 🤣
You could probably do pretty well in most instances. Especially if it's after agriculture was invented. As long as that is the case you could work with the scholars of whatever period you are sent to. You have to keep in mind a lot of the stuff he is doing is centuries old. Sulfuric acid has been around for over 1000 years. So have most of the chemicals featured in this video. The main key is to tell people what can be done. Like paper making for example. You could simply tell someone that you take plant matter and water mixed together to make paper. You don't need to know how and you don't even need to show them. If they are motivated enough they will take what you told them and run with it.
That's how I discovered this channel. I was trying to figure out what I could invent if I woke up in Rome (we'll just assume that I magically learn fluent Latin and somehow acquire the necessary funds). So I was looking up some old technology on RUclips and I discovered How To Make Everything.
@@Imaboss8ball that's the trap of the game. Language alone could be insurmountable, for instance, if English is your only language, then if you go back too far before 1400, you'd be nearly incapable of communicating with anyone.
if you speak a love language, like spanish or italian, you'd still have a steep communication curve, but less than for English. However, if you're in Spain or Portugal, your experiments could run afoul of the Church, and you could end up dead.
Let's say you surmount all those hurdles: What is Sulfuric acid called before it was called "sulfuric acid"? what's it called in Renaissance Italian Alchemy? if you know how to make it, what're the Ores called in that day and age? Where do you get them? Does some Italian Lord own the lands you want to mine? without being a born noble, how would you secure those rights? Would you risk torture/death to poach the minerals?
anything you'd want to use, you'd have to make, which means making the thing to make the thing to make the thing you want; which means getting the raw materials from nature.
Most advancements throughout human history haven't been notable b/c they were invented at all, but because they were industrialized, or were industrial advancements in and of themselves. a lot more things that most people realize are dependent on massive industrial infrastructural advancements. For instance: Every Chemistry Experiment where you mix chemicals first requires those constituent chemicals and materials to be manufactured, purified, distilled, and processed. just knowing chemistry is useless unless you know the industrial engineering to make the Things to make the Stuff.
So communicating with the scholars of the age (which may be nigh impossible if you're not already rich or noble-blooded) guarantees little more than potentially giving away processes to others who'd steal them and leave you destitute (the fate of MANY inventors throughout history) or, if it challenges established wisdom, could get you escorted out, laughed at and ignored, or drawn and quartered. with "option 4) lauded as a genius" a distant, last-place possibility...
In terms of testing the purity of the diy chemicals, it might be really interesting to have a "scoreboard". Basically have a list of the purities you have been able to achieve, and use that in part to determine where you are in the historical tech tree.
"Dear Santa
I've been nice and helpful this year.
As for my christmas gift, this year I'd like 5 tons of chicken poop"
That acid splashing around the bottle scared the crap out of me, glad it didn't escape the jar.
You don't really need too much nitrates for making sulfuric acid, you can burn sulfur that makes sulfur dioxide, then absorb it in a solution that contains nitrates, the nitrates will oxidize the sulfur dioxide into the trioxide releasing nitrogen dioxide into the air, which will oxidize in the presence of oxigen back into the nitrate ion, which comes back into the solution, making it a catalyst.
All you gotta do is underchange your fishtank and overwater your potted plants so the extra water fills the water dish under the pot and evaporates. I grow crystals of KNO3 on it's rim in my apartment :D
I work in telephony, which includes POTS lines, which trace their roots to the telegraph in the late 19th century. It's kind of an eerie feeling that your recreation of millennia of technological progress have gotten to the point where it nearly intersects with my current job, lol.
Love the apothecary you are making. Going to be fun watching it fill up.
Human ingenuity blows my freaking mind
For just some chicken feed - you get amazing science! Great job Andy!
Use the online survivor library if you want to improve your chemistry. There’s plenty of book PDFs on this topic
With the potash you can now also make soaps, using iron pots as a catalyst to improve the yield.
Congratulations on successfully making sulfuric acid! Here's a few of the many (more) uses you'll find for it:
*Making hydrochloric acid from NaCl (Which in turn is very useful)
*Making nitroglycerin from nitric acid and glycerol
*Making flavouring agents from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol (i.e. Fisher Esterification)
*Making the lead-acid battery (I would prioritize this, personally)
*Converting ethanol into diethyl ether (useful solvent, anesthetic, diesel engine starting)
...and of course many more.
You mentioned chemicals being one of your biggest hurdles, and that is the same for me when I run my thought experiment where I am sent back in time/isekai'd/zombie apocalypse/dr stoned and have to rebuild modern society. Chemical processes we use today have been brute forced after hundreds of years of experiments, and I doubt any chemistry class will teach you how to create the ingredients with primitive means. So thank you, this is vital information that I will never need but want just in case.
I think you may findd the lead boxes were lead alloy boxes, probably lead/tin mostly, maybe lead bismuth or antimony. Also, lead does react with sulfuric acid, this is how lead acid car batteries work(which you can now make as well). But if you do a minor electrical process on the lead sulfate that is produced, you can get the acid to part with it.
The dark color in the solution is probably from carbonaceous material and iron salts. But most of your nitrates here are bound as calcium nitrate, which is far more soluble than either sodium or potassium nitrate. So you have to precipitate out the calcium. You do this by adding carbonates. And what better source of carbonate than potash. Well potash, K2O, is not woodash which contains potassium carbonate but far more calcium carbonate. So you have to purify your wood ash too.. in part by calcination. Once you've precipitated out the calcium, you separate the sodium from potassium nitrate by successive fractional separation (sodium nitrate is more soluble than potassium nitrate and potassium nitrate is more soluble in warm than cold water...so you heat the solution, allow it to cool and collect the precipitate that forms right under 40 C. Crystalize that... then redissolve and heat and cool and collect.
Love you guys, finnals week has been rough and to see y’all’s video just makes my week. Don’t let the naysayers get you down and keep up the amazing work.
Have fun @ Open Sauce! This video was really really fun!
2 things about recrystallisation:
Use a minimum amount of hot water to fully redissolve the salt.
NEVER let all the liquid evaporate to dryness.
The whole point about recrystallization is that impurities are left in solution whereas your product crashes out. You can combine the leftover liquid ("mother liquor") of several recrystallizations and boil it down a bit, in order to recover more product.
I really liked how you went through all the future projects and goals!
The entire human technological base is built on learning how to throw stones, boil water, and spin things in ever more advanced ways.
It makes me so happy seeing you improve on all these skills!
So glad to see a new video you guys!
Thanks for sharing your talents, curiosity and adventures!!!
I am so hyped for this telegraph project
Yay!! Always a great day when you post.
7:28 the forbidden coffee
Get a better sponser they are…
Cool video good job on succeeding where you failed before, it’s always really rewarding to see the progress over the years
You should work with Nile Red to test the quality of your chemicals
The methodology needs to be improved a lot in order to obtain useful amounts of products. This is not a process that can be rushed, things need time to naturally settle between steps and so on..
Yeah chemistry is very time consuming and requires patience. It'll be fun when he gets into more advanced and dangerous chemistry lol..
Better help is a shady business. Do not accept their money.
The alchemy shelf is a pretty cool idea. Might use some museum putty or put a small rail on it since some of those chemicals would be a major hazard if something happened
i would suggest getting a fume hood for future chemical making moving forward
But if bro stops huffing lead fumes how’s he going to justify taking betterhelp’s money?
For the purification, you can use activated charcoal. It's fairly easy to produce. Just soak charcoal in a strong basic solution for around 24 hours, then boil it for a bit, wash it in clean water, and let it dry. It, off course, will be not an industrial-grade product but should be good enough to deal with random organic impurities in the solution (I tested it with organic dye).
When making chemicals in old school methods it's best to scale up operation to large quantities and collect the 0.5% or lower yield by controlling the variable substances example holding temperature or by creating separation of fluid in quantities
Hooray! New video! I was confused at first when this video popped up, because you'd already done a chicken poop video, but I saw that it was in a fact a new one.
I wish you could have told specifically what all you have in the apothecary now. The only one you showed before was sulphur. Maybe you could do a short in which you show all the chemicals you've collected so far.
While I am looking forward to the telegraph, I do worry that you're jumping ahead too quickly. I want to see all the cool Mediaeval and early Modern stuff you've skipped over. You should've made a spinning wheel by now, which could then lead to a spinning jenny. You haven't even done a horsecollar (You could rent a horse to test it). I really want to see a printing press (and better paper than you made before), and a Jethro Tull-type seed drill (even better if you could include some actual Jethro Tull music in the video, but I realise that might be out of your price range).
it sounds like the telegraph project is for their opensauce booth, i wouldn't worry about it meaning the other content is jumping ahead
I have 30 chickens, it must be my lucky day.
Hi there Dr. Stone 😂
Drop the Better Help sponsorship! Their "therapists" have suggested that self-deletion might be the best option, suggest "just don't be gay" as a solution for abusive parents and because they don't get paid for unscheduled consultations, they regularly ignore or hang up on off-hours emergency calls. Not to mention that the platform, itself, (unlike the "therapists"), is not restricted by confidentiality laws so they can and DO collect, store and sell your information to third parties, costing their customers potential employment, loans and insurance premiums. Better Help is worse than no help at all.
I really hope this is an old contract for the Better Help sponsorship, and that we won't be seeing them on your channel in the future. Nobody should be supporting a company that sells customer's private health data to advertisers for a quick buck.
Bro it's a sponsor this guy has bills to pay just like everyone else
@@TwoMenInACloset you can pay your bills and take sponsorships from companies that dont sell peoples actual private health data which goes against HIPAA regulations. he has a lot of other sponsors already anyways, he doesnt need betterhelp's dirty money
Loving the apothecary setup 😁
I love this channel so much
Can't wait to see him try to make the blue led
i really love this video! lately i feel like the videos on the channel have been feeling a bit gimmicky to me
keep up the hard work!
For everyone curious the modern process for H2SO4. You burn sulphur to SO2 reburn it with fresh air to SO3 lead that into high concentratet H2SO4 to form H2SO7 and bring this into water where it splits into 2*H2SO4.
If you want more stuff to crystallize out of the liquid before "harvesting" the crystals, put the liquid into a fridge.
I cant wait to see the vacuum tube >w
You can electrochemically make Nitrates using the Batteries you made and Peat moss.
Thid channel looks really cool. If you ever get transported back in time, you surely would be king of the world lol
thats some dr stone sh*t! love it
Don't forget to keep some nitric acid for the revival fluid that reverts the petrification.
Cmon, not better help
You can also make Sulfiric Acid from Pyrite or Fools-Gold
Don't know if you tried but I just watched another vid which basically says that to make sulphuric acid you can 1. heat pyrite to approx. 600 degrees C (which will boil off the H2S from it) then 2. Add water. As for the battery, you already have lead and sulphuric acid, job done right?
Since the nitrates are water soluble, chicken manure that has been outside in the weather probably has some of the nitrates leached out already.
PLEASE FOR THE LOVE OF GOD NEVER USE BETTERHELP!!!!!! DO NOT USER BETTERHELP!!!!!! Their "therapists" ARE NOT VETTED whatsoever. You're just as likely to get a fundamentalist weirdo who hates you as like, actual help. Need actual therapy? SEEK OUT AN ACTUAL THERAPIST IN YOUR AREA - many of them do remote appointments! Just please get an ACTUAL professional and not some hack on betterhelp. Honestly shame on this creator for taking their money, this shit is WELL known at this point
also betterhelp has sold user data to advertisers, it's NOT following HIPAA rules, and it has used actual therapists' information and pictures in their ads to sell betterhelp, even if said therapists dont work for them, and without permission. don't use betterhelp! it's a morally bankrupt scam at best and actively harmful at worst.
9:07 lead boat
The process would be much more entertaining if he used a Led Zeppelin.
Still taking better help adds is very intresting
money>morals
As you move up the tech ladder and prove you can make a particular resource/chemical from scratch, do you shift to using modern suppliers for i.e. your chemicals, for subsequent projects, or do you try to be as authentic as possible and re-make new batches of base chemicals for later experiments? This applies not just to the chemistry stuff, but the other things, like metalworking.
2:10 Just finished making a cup of coffee before this video..😅thanks.
Hey Cody you should check out Sengoku Komachi. It's a manga about industrializing feudal Japan from Oda Nobunaga's court and there was a chapter dedicated to using chicken poop to help making gunpowder. Great video!
Absolute madman. l like it.
You can try making sulfuric acid by roasting iron pyrite to produce sulfur dioxide and then bubble that through water to make the acid. Im sure it can be even done with clay if you try hard enough and make a reinforcing glaze. Basically a sealed chamber inside a forge with a pipe going to another chamber filled with water, basically a still but low pressure.
Edit: after some quick research, for this method to work well, you would need to include an oxygen donor material. Im curious is its possible to use sodium chlorate and have it react with the iron to work as an O2 generator, that can then react with the sulfur producing SO2
That's how he made the acid in a previous video. (The first part you said-- not the later edit)
I've been wondering... if saltpeter is a salt, and is water soluable... would it then not be possible to seperate it through capilary action? have a rope hanging out of the container, the water will travel along it, bringing along the salt. Continue to fill the "dirty" container with water and boiling off the water that collects in the "clean" container? I did an experiment with normal table salt as a kid like that :p
Keep up the good work
I'm waiting for when Andy reaches the 1900's. Imagine building a radio from absolute scratch, or a movie camera, a TV set; Knowing him, he might just build a functional Saturn V rocket & head to the moon!
except it won't be from scratch. once he made something he starts sourcing the matterial.
Excellent progress! I’m very excited about your evolution of skills and technologies. The telegraph should be quite a milestone! You should probably get a different sponsor as I’ve tried BetterHelp and it’s abysmal. Keep up the amazing work, though!!!
How did you make the coffee filter, strainer, glass cup.....
11:47 Which leads to batteries, which can lead to electrolysis and better, purer copper which can be drawn into better wire and put int a motor which can power industry. IE… Industrial Revolution and plastics and electrolysis leads to aluminum which is used in airplanes and even rockets which leads to outer space.
Where do you get the apothecary jars?
Can you consider making some of the machines that reduced human labor in farming, making the Industrial Revolution possible? You can't advance as a civilization if everyone is farming!
I really like your woodworking machines, and I think it would be cool to see a small mechanical reaper or threshing machine!
I was waiting for that lead box to melt lol
Would have thought iron pyrite would be the way to make sulfuric acid
Amzing vid
9:55 bro made miniature God's wrath(Fire and brimstone is an idiomatic expression referring to God's wrath)
Now since you’ve passed the basic chemicals milestone you should try to leave the age of gunpowder by making nitroglycerin and therefore entering the age of high explosives. Also you should try to make other key chemicals like ethanol, methanol and hydroxides eg: sodium hydroxide. This will allow you to make soap to then be further processed into glycerin, a key component in nitroglycerin and from nitroglycerin you could follow in the steps of Nicolas Nobel land make dynamite.
USS Brimstone. Cool boat name.
HTME you shouldn’t be sponsoring Better help they’ve been in a lot of controversy recently over unlicensed therapists and useless therapy services
They're not sponsoring better help, better help is sponsoring them.
@@kbee225 they still shouldn’t be sponsoring them on their channel
@@kbee225 I know that but I just want htme to stop mentioning them on they’re channel
This is how I imagine a tribal colony in Rimworld looks when trying to figure out how batteries work
Starting with chicken poop, ending with a self developed photograph… can’t wait to see how this turns out.
Me a little over an hr before this vid released: Explainin to my metamours how poop was once even a common energy source for us, after another metamour had explained how everythin (living) poops, or excretes some waste
And i was just expandin on how its just theres always gonna be some leftover potential energy no matter how efficiently the energy is removed from any organic matter. And heck, even after we use the poop for its energy, theres still some very small amount of potential energy in the ash if you can get it hot enuf, and then theres still potential energy in the smoke as well
Bcuz we cant convert matter to energy with 100% efficiency, ever. There will always be smth left, some kind of byproduct, unless you manage true 100% efficiency... Which isnt happenin in a firepit for damn sure
Nitric? Sulfuric? It's explosives time.
Can you make rubber from the Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasilienisis) using proces called tapping.
congrats, very cool!
this channel absolutely fuels my imagination
Wouldn't you need to make your own coffee filters before being able to use them as strainers?
How big is your bench now?
I would love to see a collab with NileRed!
Really interesting
Did you do filter paper already?
1:08 the tester
I love Chickens, They are a major part of my gardening success.
They are a major part of my nutritional success without any gardening though.