Subaru FA20 Engine: A Step Forward for Subaru?
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- Опубликовано: 26 ноя 2023
- Here’s a look at the Subaru FA20D engine and how it works! The engine was also known as the Toyota 4U-GSE. These engines were used in the Toyota 86, Scion FRS and Subaru BRZ.
The FA20 engine was a modernized boxer series from Subaru that now used a timing chain instead of a belt and dual overhead camshaft with variable valve timing. Specifically, the FA20D had Toyota's D4S dual injection system, featuring both port and direct injection, which allows for a more controlled combustion for more power and less pollution.
Early FA20 engines, suffered from burning oil, which would eventually run the engine out of oil and cause catastrophic engine damage, like the one in this video. Valve springs failing were also another common issue.
Overall, the FA20 marks a progression forward for Subaru, with it now being currently its main engine in its line up of vehicles, with 2.0L and 2.4L variants, both naturally aspirated and turbocharged. It has replaced the ancient H6 boxer engines as well as the antiquated EJ series.
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These engine tear downs are the ultimate ASMR videos for gear heads.
Thanks, I enjoy them too
BRZ and FRS are suffering from this not because they are poorly maintained, but because they are often tracked, and sideways loads in corners usually send all of the oil to one half of the engine, which can lead to pick up tube being exposed to air. Mostly in long right handers or heavy braking.
People solve this issue with baffles in oil pan and oil accumulators.
Yep. That was a thing even with the older EJ motors.
I love my subarus, but boy their engines are not performance worthy
@@Mattalaska their engines have advantages. Short crankshaft, good balance. Maintenance is actually quite easy, if you know what you are doing. They have their weak spots, but they don't manifest, if you are maintaining them. The horror stories come from people who bought an abused car, or who abused the car themselves. These don't tolerate abuse as well as Honda or Toyota engines.
Ok new failure due to excessive silicone sealant blocking pick up lol
That's not even engine specific I don't think, I'm pretty sure it's a problem for Subaru in general. I saw a guy on RUclips doing donuts in a WRX and the engine blew due to oil starvation just like these new rear powered sports cars they came out with recently. Sounds to me like the need to rethink their oil systems and pan designs at least on the sports models
This channel has taught me so much about automotive engineering. Big thank you for all the hard work you put in!
You are welcome. Winter is here and I will try to push through to get some more teardowns done.
2:52 "someone's resealed this at some point, there's way too much RTV on here". Guys, nobody tell him.
Can you tell me? 👀
Google "brz rtv pick up" and you'll have enough reading material for the next year.
@@crybaby1363 It's from the factory. They are that bad. The RTV is so bad on the FA24 that it frequently clogs the oil pickup.
Ouch!
Very sad they did that from the factory.
At 105k miles, my 1979 Subaru GL wagon’s water pump failed. That required lifting the engine as the cross member of the frame prevented removing the pump’s bolts. While the engine was lifted, I decided to disassemble to replace worn components. I was unable to split the case. So I took the block to a shop.
A little backstory is useful before I go on: I regularly changed the oil and filter at or before 3000 miles. So the engine had 35 oil changes and filters (105/3 plus the first change at 1000 miles).
The next day the shop owner called me up and asked how many miles the car had. I told him 105,000. He said “that can’t be.” I asked him “why?” He replied “because there is not enough wear on this engine!”
I try to change my cars oil regularly.
Good call
Oil is so important...my Tundra is nearly at 50 000 kms. I am on my 5th oil.change. I do one every 10 000 kms even tho 16 000 kms is recommended
OCD
I too regularly take my perfectly functioning engine out to be rebuilt, only to be told it doesn't need rebuilt!
@@stewiegriffin6503 ... not necessarily OCD. an extra oil change per year isn't huge. and the relatively cheap cost of the oil change is pennies compared to major engine parts failures. Going early on a oci isn't terrible as you keep newer/fresher oil in the engine. Going too early is wasting time and money. OCI in the owners manual are only recommendations and cannot account for every situation/environment. I change my oil at/close to 5k miles despite Subaru saying 6k miles. I still average an oil change every 5 months vs 6. Plus, going every 5k gives me some fudge room to account for time available.
Loved this - great to see someone so knowledgeable at work. Awesome to see the inside of 'my' engine. (I'll keep checking and changing its oil!) Great work - thanks for creating, bro!
Love this channel. Always lovely to see what different engine's downfalls are. Thanks so much.
You are welcome
I love the way you describe things in so much detail and are very knowledgeable about all the engines..
Thanks
Your videos are a joy to watch! No time wasted. Lots of jokes.
Thanks!!
I wanted to learn about the FA 20, and we learned a lot. I'll prob watch this video 1000 times, thanks man.
thanks for the super informative and concise video! bought a '14 brz with 22,000 miles on it back in february, definitely will be referring to this down the road!
Yep, keep it well oiled and watch out when you take it to the track.
You are some type of mechanical professor.
Love this channel
Gosh, looks like the owner followed the dealer recommended 7,000 + miles interval between oil changes. Possible thought they could go that long before checking oil level too. As others have said, great channel Bro. We appreciate the work it takes for our education and entertainment.
Yeah always thought the 7500 oil change interval was insane, can't believe anyone actually follows that.
@@AlternateRye So I just looked it up and 7500 miles is 12,000 kilometres. What's insane about that? Every car I know has an interval of 15,000km if you're looking after the car because some manufacturers prescribe longlife oil every 30,000km. How often would you change the oil in this if 7500 miles is insane for you? Every other Tuesday?
@@michalsvihla1403because the additives in the oil dont last that long, and especially if your a little heavy footed.
This video was awesome, thank you for sharing it! So interesting to see how this stuff is put together.
Great video! I have very little knowledge of boxer engines, and I just bought a 2016 BRZ, so this was a great learning experience!
Another great engine teardown. This will sound weird but I find these videos to be pretty relaxing and calming to watch - as well as interesting and educational. Hope you get to tear down a 5.7 or 6.4 hemi engine at some point!
Thanks - yes I wish I can get my hands on a Hemi but they want like $1500 for a blown one!
Been waiting for this! Thank you!
You are welcome
This guy has to be a engineer that has the previous job experience to back his quick whit.
Great video as always
You are amazing, I enjoy your expertise and humor!
Glad you like it
Great explanations of what happened and how it happened. Oil, folks...it works.
Agreed. Check the oil!
Fascinating. I have a GT86 and want it to last. Oil, you say. Understood. Love the snappy editing 👏🏼
Glad you like my video style
Man, listening to you always cracks me up.
What about me? Lol
@@speedkar99 Lost count of how many times I've heard the toothbrush and cloth jokes and maybe it's just me but they still provoke a chuckle.
love your show as always!
Thanks for the video,
i own a Subaru & now ik what it's insides look like 👍
You are very good on what you doing congratulations is a pleasure to watch and listen your explanation.
awesome vid all around!! keep it up
Loving the Subaru content!!
Thanks. More to come, including symmetrical AWDband H6 engine
I enjoyed the subtle pull out joke. Thank you for detailed video as well.
🤣🤣 you caught that
Great vid, despite the lack of laundry!
The oil return on the pan looked interesting, and I could see that motor starving the pickup under load pretty easily especially with no baffling. Do that for a few laps and boom.
Not checking your oil levels is more likely the issue.
Spot on, probably track day or canyon racing
Yes! Combine with a lower oil level and this is what caused alot of earlier EJ motors to blow.
@@speedkar99true low oil and no baffling makes this engine capable of starving on oil in turns. I would maintain it full full
Yeah, it's both. All Subaru boxers are sensitive to low oil levels, but many BRZ/FRS get used for track days, or just hooning around. Unless you replace the oil pan with a baffled design, trouble will find you!
Always enjoy your channel thanks.
Me too. Thanks
Good shit son. Proud of you.
Please find a FA24D next :). Really enjoyed your videos
Sure
I really like these videos very informative
You are welcome
Thank you for sharing, appreciate it.
I did my first set of spark plugs and my first valve cover gasket on a 2004 wrx. Honestly, it wasn't that bad the only issue was I couldn't get a torque wrench in there so I had to do it by feel. After you do it one time you basically know what to expect with every subaru motor ever.
Nice work about dissembling Engine
Thanks
Woo hoo another teardown video. Its like finding an original columbo episode you've never seen before...
Thanks. I have a few more to come!!
Love your vids man. Also love that you always use your brother's toothbrush!
Haha
Thanks
Thank you so much for this video. If you can turn one of those into a coffee table, please do! I'm about to take out my FA20 engine and I think it would be pretty awesome to keep some place other than the garage.
It would be great but my baby daughter is gonna be all over it. Had to sell my EJ25 engine table because she started climbing it.
@@speedkar99 😟😮💨 Kids are the worst. 🤣
Just jokin'. I can imagine all those metal edges wouldn't be the best for the little one.
Love hearing the cicadas!
From the racing guys, that bent oil pickup tube creates cavitation at high rpm and will fail even a properly oil filled engine. Aftermarket makes a straight tube pickup
Speedkar99, did you record this video a while back? it's been COLD the past 3 days in the GTA! LOL
Love the content as always. This subaru engine deserves a new life as a coffee table for sure
To turn the stuck crank, I would have loosen up the bolts holding the mains / 2 halves first.
Interesting video 🙂
Good idea, but if it didn't turn with the rods out ...it wasn't gonna be easy anyway
If you can find one, please compare the old boxer engines from the likes of Alfa Romeo (Sud, Sprint) with the more modern (Subaru) boxers. I used to own an old Alfasud and those engines were amazing (the sound in particular). I'd like to get a technical breakdown of those engines to see how design has improved (or otherwise) since the 80s.
great informative video. love ur humor too
Thanks
Thank you for sharing, always wondered how Subaru are really good or not. Thanks, lots of infos here to earn.
You are welcome.
They're good cars but the maintenance isn't as resilient as a typical Honda K-series
Subaru 2.0 engines are generally pretty solid, ej 20s were fine and the fa20 seems like it's even better.
You 100% ABSOLUTELY SHOULD make a coffee-table out of a Subaru Engine-block and POST a pic of it as I'd LOVE to see that!!! Am awaiting WINTER WEATHER so we can all SEE YOU FREEZE to death,taking these things apart!!! Lol. As Always,AWESOME Video Man!!! : >)
Thanks. And thanks for the encouragement. It's already freezing outside and I've got the next engine waiting out there for me to teardown.
Waiting for those "warm" days when it's a few degrees above 0 and no wind to film teardowns.
Haha,I hear ya My Friend!!! Stay Warm!!! : >)@@speedkar99
As much as the FA20 gets shit on especially for being "torqueless", still love the motor. I had 2 FRS from new for over 10 years, still possibly my favorite car.
A car isn't just it's engine. It's about the entire conjunction of parts that work to create the experience.
@@speedkar99 of course, but the engine is akin to the heart so it contributes to much of the car's personality.
Did the fa20 get upgraded over the years for the brz/frs? Like minor model year changes. Slight improvements but not documented by Toyota or Subaru officially?
@@jonathanchung7209 definitely, there were minor updates from launch MY 2013 to 2016 and then new ecu + engine updates for 2017+ when the twins got a facelift. I don't think there were many changes, if any, made after that until engine changed to fa24 for 2nd gen. Ft86club forums have documented everything if you want to learn more ^^
Very interesting engineering. Uncompromised symmetric drive with endless challenges to keep up the essentials. Brave move from the 2 makers.
The engine has uncompromised symetric all wheel drive?
They should just do an inline motor and lay it over - IMO!
The packaging would be detrimental to the layout.
@@yo_marc That's called a slant style. Commonly slant 4 or slant 6.
Good video. Thanks
I've had the turbo variant of this engine for 5 years, 60k miles with no problems. OEM Oil/filter change 3--5k, spark plug changed recently, no tunes/tracking throughout the whole time. However, I did get one check engine light. Code P1449, due to Japanese spider webs in the EVAP system.
Nice. 60K miles is t much though.
Not much at all. Btw I watched your EVAP video from 4 years ago and it helped me understand more. Thank you
never pulled out
Nope. Seems like Alot of people have that problem.
You guys are going to hell. 😂😂😂😂😅😅😅😅
💀
The thing I notice about rubber sealed surfaces is they deform over time and create micro gaps for whatever reason. Buy any old el cheapo valve cover gasket but apply rtv to both mating surfaces and use the gasket as a mold. RTV seams to conform to these imperfections.
That’s what I always do on any of my cars. The added RTV sealant costs SFA and might save you from having to pull it all apart again in a few years time when the rubber gasket lets go.
So you put rtv on top of the gasketed areas?
@@speedkar99 the shop I worked on and off always put a thin film of rtv on the valve cover gasket housing areas and put the gasket in-between and never had a problem. A mared or compromised surface can't be helped by a premium expensive gasket as the micro gaps would leak way sooner but with the help of rtv those cracks/gaps get filled. Another thing it was the 24 hr cure cheaper RTV but the customer was able to drive away within an hour with no issues with the help of a gasket core + RTV.
I love your style i like watching engine teardowns but i dont like slow unedited long form video types. The way you edit is perfect for my overactive brain lol.
The dip stick joke was great!!!
I remember when you first started out. Your videos would be one whole take.
I don't recall them being one take, but yes I'd film them in a hour or two
Great video
Thanks
I felt that crank shaft dropping on your leg
thanks. Just here to see how oil flows in the FA20s. do we know what oil was used in the engine (0w-20, 5w-20, 0w-30, 5w-30)? do we know if this car saw track/auto-x time? wear on the cam caps/cam bearing has me skeptical on the longevity of my FA20DIT in my WRX. My engine sees 5k mi oci and 5w-30 (usually non-resource conserving)...I don't track. I try to keep boost low until warm which is harder during OH winter.
I've heard some people think FA20s don't have the same problem that EJs had with head gaskets due to the parternship with Toyota to create the FRS/BRZ/GR86. Don't know if it's true that FA20s have less head gasket problems but the main failure I hear about from them is due to lack of oil or knocking.
I see no screen on the oil pickup in the oil pan.
I have one of these in a 2015 car with 71,000 miles. No oil useage other than 8 oz. or so, in 7500 mile oil changes.
It does seem to eat coolant and no one in forums seems to have an answer.
Cracked block or head gasket leak. Or leaking coolant hose somewhere.
Number 1, Thank you friend
You are welcome friend.
Interesting that they did port and direct injection on the boxer, when Subaru only does direct. Haven't had issues with mine yet, but then ai have been using the aerosol Sea Foam treatment to keep things under control.
It's cooperation with Toyota
@@Ukrainian_Matchstick Right, I know, but it's odd that Subaru didn't make THEIR own engine better as well. It's not like port injection is new technology or science. Seems like a simple enough add. Meh.
I agree....they should have licensed d4s for use on it's other cars
Great disassembly as usual. BTW it's "oil gallery" not "oil galley" galley is part of a ship.
That's where they fry the fish & chips, not the rod bearings
I keep making that mistake.
Always love the grammer Nazi's entering the chat....
www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=oil+galley#ip=1
Mechanics and home gamers have been using galley for decades and decades, deal with it.
@@speedkar99Nobody is perfect, brother.
What happens if you overfill engine oil by a quart? Where does it go?
If you don't start the car for too long, do the parts get too "dry" or damaged in first few seconds of starting before oils gets there?
Thanks again, highly informative videos, love them.
If you overfill an engine itll go into the pan like normal, sometimes it isnt a big deal but of the oil gets to close to the crankshaft it can cause windage or frothing. If a car has sat for a while parts will generally still have a thin layer of oil on them that will provide enough protection for the couple seconds before oil pressure is reached
Don't overfill! The crank will dip into the oil with each revolution, causing frothing that will reduce the oil's ability to protect the engine from wear.
Great vid - I can already tell Subaru puts plenty of efforts designing their engine unlike the Detroit 3s
this should've been made super clear, it wasn't Subaru... it was the operator that failed. standard though and then they put the blame on Subaru and make them look bad. All good for the ones with knowledge, makes the cars cheaper for us lol.
Effort maybe… but the outcome is still questionable. Seen as number of FA/FBs blown up. Not Kia bad but not great.
It's a flawed design. Your wallet will not be happy when it's time for repairs.
Yep. They sure are unique. Mazda is also a bit different with the whole skyactiv setup too
@@speedkar99 you have any videos breaking down skyactiv tech? ive heard that its basically an ICE with incredibly high compression to burn everything in that chamber - sounds cool
Who thought 9 feet of timing chain was a good idea?
The chain making company
Is this one of those Subaru engine where they loose oil pressure going around corners. Maybe someone had too much fun around the track? The oil pan seem pretty bang up. Nice breakdown!
That would be the new FA24 non-turbo in the new BRZ, that was only pushing the engine hard on the track, daily driving should not have that problem. Running a heavier oil for the track is ideal to prevent that too.
@@amdstrollo3074 , thanks. Not a worry if you only go straight. :-)
To clarify these fa20s also lose oil pressure around cornering but not as much, see below:
ruclips.net/video/4Jk5WTWoqt4/видео.htmlsi=3a7NtZ7wyeogveL8
Yes, they do. Not as bad as the new 2.4L ones, but they don't have an adequate oiling system for hard track use.
@@amdstrollo3074 The heavier oil does nothing. It's been tested. Accusump is the only thing that helped so far.
Is it the oil making the crankshaft look a bit blue or was that due to it oxidizing due to heat
2:59 Rod knock at 114'000klm !? 😮 How to prevent this ? What oil will you choose for the FA20 ? I have fear now that I know it's happening at sunch low KLM... Is it really low on oil and with hard cornering/High revving the engine starve oil or something like that ?
Yes. Alot of 2012/3 models suffered from these failures.
Honest question for the community. My GT86 broke down last week, most likely because the camshaft hat a defect. Im not a mechanic but I always tell me that I have good technical understanding. Because the motor is already fucked and I dont have the money to pay a mechanic to repair it, I thought about try to do it my self.
Firstly, what do you think about this Idea. Secondly, is there anything like a blueprint or something like that where I can see how the motor is built?
Thanks alot :D
I'm a huge fan of the original Volkswagen Beetle engine: it is utter simplicity. When I see a Subaru engine, I can't help but compare them. The Subaru, with the complexity of water-cooling, overhead cams, and all that, is hopelessly overbuilt.
brother by that logic every modern engine is overbuilt. I see Toyota engines with overhead cams and water cooling regularly going 400k miles without a major rebuild. I don't think an air cooled volkswagen engine can say the same.
Water cooling massively helps longevity though. I've heard it said that 6 cylinders tend to blow the head gasket because the head is so long that it expands, and because of the temperature difference between the front and rear of the engine. The boxer head being two cylinders shouldn't suffer as much. I think the boxer design is better suited to a pushrod to keep the weight and size down.
Tell me you haven't dealt with VW Beetle pushrod tubes without telling me you haven't dealt with VW Beetle pushrod tubes.
Can the D4S be retrofitted to other FA motors?
Love your vids! I am confused though, why do I hear cicadas in November?
This wasn't filmed in November. Probably back in summer.
@speedkar99 oh that makes sense, somehow didnt connect the dots there 😅
Okay…. So…. If you look at the oil feed ports in the front of the block and timing cover……. The one under the oil filter goes to the driver side head, the one in the lower center goes from the pump to the filter, the upper center to the mains, and the passenger side to the passenger head. The junctions between the timing cover and those ports are sealed with o rings. What do you see hanging off of the sides of the ports and tc? Sealant…… it breaks off into the passages and clogs the OIL GALLERIES…… not the pickup tube. (Separate issue) Thats what causes the majority of J02 failures. Any decent mechanic knows you don’t use sealant and o rings unless it’s explicitly stated in bold, red, and all caps.
Yes
Thanks brother
Welcome
My 2015 WRX recently had a visit from Uncle Rodney.. It's in the shop currently getting a replacement long block installed. Sucks man. This is the first issue I've ever had with the VA WRX since owning it, outside of regular maintenance. I was that guy saying, "Rod knock won't happen to me. I take care of my shit and maintenance is on point, sucka!" Well, yeah.. it happened.
To add to that, extended warranty expired.. so, repairs are out of pocket. ☠☠ Good times!! Anywho, just lookin forward to getting her back on the road again! Already miss driving it..
I had this engine in my 2013 Impreza Sport. That thing used more than a quart every 1,000 miles. Dealer refused to warranty it and said that was an acceptable level of consumption. Normal modern cars don’t consume oil like that when they’re young. I don’t blame the owner for running this thing low.
Oil consumption is getting ridiculous, like fuck even toyotas have ring problems now. I don't get it. Why squeeze 1 extra mpg out of it just to compromise engine health before it even reaches 200k?! 400k mile chevies burning a quart every 4000 miles but we have new 4 cyl cars of all makes and models burning double that from the factory
@@tacomas9602 I agree. The extra gas mileage is vastly overridden by the price of the oil consumed. And they have the gall to put “partial zero emission vehicle” on a car that’s not a hybrid and consumes a quart of oil out the tailpipe every 800 miles. Like, did you check the emissions while it was burning that oil?
Agreed, it's all in the name of emissions.
Nitpicking, but the engine in your 2013 Impreza isn't a FA20, it's an FB20 :)
I have the FB20D in my Crosstrek, the only time it ate oil was when I was doing long stretches (2+ hours) on the highway in freezing temps with 0-20. I'm running 5-30 now in the desert and don't lose a measurable (by the eye) amount between 5000 mile services.
I've heard early FB20s had issues with oil consumption, a heavier weight might save you some trouble, otherwise you could have oil blasting through your pcv valve.
Actually after watching again, quick question: the oil temps in these cars tend to run pretty high stock and when just cruising around, how can you rule out that it was a lack oil and not just overheating the oil and causing the oil pressure to drop? Or would they technically be the same thing in this case?
Add in the fact they recommend 0w-20....
That can be an issue yes. Oil doesn't boil off like coolant would though
@@CTR_Dan yea I been sticking with 0w-20 on mine
@@CTR_Dananyone who follows the 0w20 recommendation is stupid.
0w30 in winter and 5w30 in summer is the way to go. Maybe 10w30 if you are in extreme heat.
@@whiteunclerukususe 5w30
Well, this was both very enlightening and highly depressing. I wish they could make a decent boxer engine that didn't suck, but they're Subaru, and they are clearly not capable of this.
Wait until they make a boxer EV
Didn't they have oil use issues in this period due to low tension rings ? Early FA 20's
Are they generally reliable engines? I really want a GT86 but after years of Honda ownership I'm not used to having to fix anything on my car haha.
Get 2015+
Do you have any 3zr engine teardown video?
I am driving a boosted FA24 engine. It has really good acceleration and is very smooth.
They don't _seem_ to blow headgaskets as quickly as the EJ, but the 0W-20 spec engines have oil consumption issues, they STILL eat catalytic converters, and most are yoked to a crappy CVT......
Do you live around Castle more Rd in Brampton? Judging from the plane noise characteristics they are on their downwind approach path approximately 5000ft in height and according to Pearson arrival flight path, your home should be at that area 😂
I live much closer than that! About 2km from the nearest runway.
My fault if this is a personal question but out of curiosity what do you do for a living?
Ive been trying to buy the toothbrush for a while now but none of the auto parts store i visited sells it.
Whoah……did I see a shiny NON impact socket on that impact wrench?!?!
That's an impact driver. Weak sauce.
is this the same engine that comes in the crosstrek?
Notification Squad!🔥🔥🔥
Awesome thanks
Figured by now they would have fixed the oil baffles and starvation during hard corner
Please make a coffee table like that!
Sure. If I get the chance!
It's not baby proof though and I have a little one
Really clean. So the oil was changed frequently enough and still failed. Bummer.
Yes...too bad it wasn't checked
@@speedkar99I don't think it's a fair assumption that the oil was run low here. These engines are notorious for starving the pickup under certain conditions, and pooling oil in the heads. You yourself pointed out that there wasn't any evidence of oil consumption, and remarked how clean the heads looked.
I need to check my oil.
Are all of the new 2.0 and 2.5 duel cams
Yea
Just surprised that, The FA20 doesn't have as much complicated design crap..
Just a simple v4 engine . Quiet interesting to know-*
This isn't a "v4" This is a boxer engine. It's a flat four engine.
@@PhyuckYew oh thanks man
Honestly it's not that complex.
The leaves on the engine are getting me Scotty vibes 😂😂
It's better than being in the V-bank of a V6/V8
Post the pic of the table. I want to get one from scrapyard and do it myself. Just need to talk by better 3/4 into this
Sure. If I get the chance. It's now winter here