Historical VS Fictional Zhuge Liang (Kong Ming) Compared. Why is Three Kingdoms Popular in Japan?
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In East Asia, Zhuge Liang (Kong Ming) is considered to be the icon for intelligence, wisdom & loyalty. But does the historical person live up to the legend? In this video I’ll also cover why the three kingdoms is popular in Japan and how it’s different from the Chinese version.
🕒[TIMESTAMP]🕒
0:00 Introduction
0:31 Zhuge Liang or Kong Ming?
1:50 Eiko & Huang Yueying
4:24 Tokyotreat & Sakuraco
6:00 Three Kingdoms in Japan
8:35 Three Kingdoms Version Differences
12:05 Historical vs Fictional Zhuge Liang
19:38 Zhuge Liang the Legend
🔗LINKS TO MENTIONED VIDEOS🔗
Zhang Liang & the Strategist Archetype: • From Zhang Liang to De...
Narrative evolution of Three Kingdoms • Why You Should Read Ro...
Romance of the Three Kingdoms Animated Summary: • ANIMATED Romance of th...
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Qin Dynasty Origin
• Qin Dynasty Origin
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Hundred Schools of Thoughts:
• Hundred Schools of Tho...
📚SOURCES:
三國志 (裴松之)
蜀相諸葛亮集
三國演義
吉川英治 三国志
横山光輝 三国志
箱崎 みどり, 2019, 日本の歴史がずっと、中国の「三国志」とともに歩んできた理由
中島 恵, 2016, 江戸期は空前の中国ブーム、『三国志』が大流行
Kai Xie, 2017, Dramatizing "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in Japanese Puppet Theatre: Zhuge Liang's "Military Talk on the Three Kingdoms"
Eric Henry, 1992, Chu-ko Liang in The Eyes of His Contemporaries
Claudine Salmon, 2013, Literary Migrations Traditional Chinese Fiction in Asia
Moss Roberts, 1999, Three Kingdoms
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The more I learn about Zl fictional bs, the more I realized he's just a con artist.
For example
The empty fort (credits goes to Zhao Yun.
Borrow arrows (Sun Quan idea because he's a sea man, dohh )
Why they do it?
It's a distraction to cover up dying to Sima Yi from the disastrous Northern campaign and his only son meeting his bloody end.
Wei Yan should be the real hero. The only guy who actually score significant victory against Wei in the Northern campaign.
"Zhuge Liang tried his hardest to hold Wei Yan back, perhaps fearing that Wei Yan would become a serious political rival if he was too successful. On the one occasion where Wei Yan was left to his own devices, he went behind enemy lines, successfully allied with foreign elements, and then absolutely crushed Guo Huai"
His early career is shockingly vague. I do wonder if this might be due to the animosity between Wei Yan and Zhuge Liang, who wrote most of his biography. All it says about his early career was that he entered Yi province as one of Liu Bei’s personal retainers, had many military accomplishments, and was eventually made General of the Standard. We are not told what his accomplishments were. Incidentally, General of the Standard does not appear to be a normal military title - the only other person I’ve ever seen with it is Zhao Yun, so it looks like a title Liu Bei reserved for his special friends. Take that for whatever it’s worth.
It is important to note that all of Liu Bei’s most famous generals were still very much alive and well. Zhang Fei, Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong were still perfectly healthy and all were passed over in favor of Wei Yan.
Wei Yan’s promotion to General of the Standard probably came in 215, after Liu Bei conquered Yi province and handed out a lot of promotions. Wei Yan appears to have followed Liu Bei during his successful conquest of Hanzhong commandery in 219, though what role he played during that time is unclear. Wei Yan must have greatly impressed Liu Bei, though, because when it was time to return to Chengdu, he chose Wei Yan to be the general in charge of protecting Hanzhong naming him General Who Maintains Peace in Distant Lands - which, again, appears to be a military title unique to the state of Shu.
Wei Yan’s position requires a bit of context. Basically, if Cao Cao wanted to attack Liu Bei in Yi province, he would have to go through Hanzhong. So the defender of Hanzhong had what was probably the most important job in Liu Bei’s army. This was the guy who would have to go up against whatever Cao Cao could throw at him. In spite of being virtually unknown just five years before this, Wei Yan was given this job.
Meanwhile, there were rebellions in the commanderies of Tianshui, Nan’an, and Anding, so it was uncertain whether those would remain Wei territory or become Shu’s turf. But things fell apart rather quickly. Though many officers suggested letting Wei Yan lead the soldiers against Mount Qi, Zhuge Liang sent the inexperienced Ma Su instead. Ma Su was easily defeated by Zhang He at Jieting, and when Zhuge Liang attempted to advance he was defeated by Zhang He as well. Meanwhile, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were defeated by Cao Zhen. The Shu army retreated while Zhang He, Cao Zhen, and Xu Miao (the real Governor of Liang) pacified the rebelling commanderies, making the campaign a complete disaster for Shu.
Whether things would have gone better had Wei Yan’s was chosen, but it does seem likely that he would have fared better against Zhang He compared to Ma Su.
Zhuge Liang attacked Wei again later in 228 and for a third time in 229. Given that he appears to have still been Major to the Army of the Chancellor at that time, Wei Yan was likely present with Zhuge Liang’s army. The SGZ says that Wei Yan always continued to advocate his plan to lead 10,000 soldiers against Chang’an, but that Zhuge Liang never permitted him to do so. Since there is no direct mention of Wei Yan’s activities during the second and third campaigns, it would appear that Zhuge Liang continued with his policy of “don’t let Wei Yan do anything.”
That changed in 230. Cao Zhen of Wei was tired of getting attacked yearly by Shu, so he organized a large campaign to invade Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Li Yan ahead to guard strategic points while he himself prepared the main force of the army. Meanwhile, Wei Yan was sent behind enemy lines to make allies of the Qiang tribes and harass the rear of Wei’s army. Wei Yan managed to contact the Qiang and ally with them. In response to this threat, Cao Zhen sent Guo Huai and the general Fei Yao to confront Wei Yan. Their armies met at Yangqi, where Wei Yan crushed Guo Huai. Meanwhile, a month of heavy rain flooded the mountain passes with the result that Cao Zhen’s main force could not advance, and he was ordered to withdraw before ever actually engaging in battle with Zhuge Liang.
This made Wei Yan the victor of the only significant military engagement in that campaign.
As a result, Wei Yan was made Adviser to the Front Army, General Who Conquers the West (a promotion compared to his earlier title of General Who Guards the North), and Marquis of Nanzheng.
Wei Yan spent the next several years building up Hanzhong’s defenses. He established “double gates” at numerous strategic points, garrisoning each point with enough troops to defend it even if they were completely isolated. His fortifications were designed according to specifications in the Book of Changes (the Yijing - sometimes called the I Ching or Zhouyi). These defensive formations were used to great effect in 244 when Wang Ping used them to repel Cao Shuang’s army.
In 258, Jiang Wei abandoned Wei Yan’s defensive strategy, instead planning to have all of the Hanzhong troops withdraw to the cities of Han and Luo in the event of an invasion.
He thought that this would allow the Shu army to concentrate its forces better and enable them to counterattack against an invading army rather than just defending the strategic points.
Jiang Wei’s strategy failed spectacularly in 263.
As Jiang Wei planned, the soldiers of Hanzhong withdrew to the two cities when Zhong Hui’s army approached. Because most of the local army was in those two locations, Zhong Hui was able to use small forces to keep them paralyzed while he used his main army to crush the remaining troops defending various mountain passes.
An illustration of Wei Yan from a Qing dynasty edition of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It shows Wei Yan (far left) trapping Sima Yi and his sons in Shangfang Valley (上方谷) during one of the Northern Expeditions.
😍
Could I translate your video to a Chinese video website, please? I'll attach the original link with RUclips. Your video is SOOOOO interesting and attractive!!! Many of my friends like it !!! 👍🥂
Mandate of Heaven: To be counted Righteous always meant to reject Evil absolutely thus when being made aware of Law thus taking God at his word (word made flesh) hence obedience and sacrifice the test of the heart. It is always been the heart that's been judged (pure) as good or evil. (Once learned made aware of Law, All People held to account judged by Law known.) (Persia) Zoroastrianism, Egyptian Book of the Dead, and Ancient China Temple of Heaven (Shang-Di) including all cultures all prove the only first religion and priesthood of mankind the Melchizedek Priesthood Jesus Christ inherited. Children, Free Will, & The Tower of Babel cultural language divide delays Jesus Christ's reign As when he claims throne he is immediately responsible for judging both living and dead. All ancients knew of the promised resurrection of the Dead, virgin birth, and judgement of souls; To be perfect is to be complete according to set standard, mathematical law of absolutes good vs evil. The true opposite of love is unholy selfishness, the epitome of pride is self-righteousness. People confuse pride with its righteous opposite which is Glory/Honor all ancients sought. Good is that of Truth/Holy Lawful Order, and Justice. Evil is that of Lies, unlawful disorder, chaos. Jesus Christ is the Law & Test of Faith/Heart concerning righteousness and purity that which is Holy; whereby Jesus Christ the word of God in the flesh is the standard of measure how a person is judged as good or evil based on their choice to receive God's payment blood covering sacrifice through Jesus Christ Perfect Lawful Life. Faith=Trust. (KJV Bible for English) (Romans Ch.10) (Eternal Life) If you confess with the mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that the creator (supreme spirit) Lord of Heaven hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.” Law/Torah/Israel Eternal Kingdom Family of God/Law of Life embodied by Jesus Christ the 2nd Adam whose body was born from a virgin mother, Jesus Christ has the authority and dominion of the first man and is the Eldest of the Human Race (Virgin Birth promised by Creator before Cain & Able) and First Born resurrected unto Glorification from the Dead. Israel is the church body of Christ Family of God; all people of any nation of the world that choose Righteousness, Honor, & Glory are citizens of Israel the Most High Lord of Heaven's Kingdom. Peace only comes through shed blood finished fulfilled work of the law through complete perfect lawful Holy life of the only promised Messiah Jesus Christ the only begotten son of God born from a virgin with no corruption from Adam's Seed. Islam is Satans Counterfeit of The 12 Tribes of Israel. Most people in world (All Ethnicities) including Arabs that identify as muslims are actually Israelites by Blood (All saved by Blood of Messiah Jesus Christ counted as Israelites by Blood of Jesus Christ). #Zoroastrianism proves virgin birth. Confess & Repent of Evil Crime lawlessness to Jesus Christ.
Wrong. Zhuge liang was legend. You can't think he was just average people. Anyway who care? Nowadays people love to discredit their ancestor. Discrimination and culture lose identity. Gay, transgender etc... ;) in future zhuge liang might be just a clown lol. Who know?
@@butbunsin9044 The future is Holy and Full of Glory/Honor, after the Antichrist and Third Temple event of evil in Israel.
Zhuge Liang is also a kick-ass rapper.
His diss track is so sick, it killed Zhou Yu in a rap battle.
As well as Wang Lang. Lol
@@yesteryeardude370*wheezing* 😂🤣
HAHAHAHA. And yeah Wang Lang too
He diss them so hard they started spitting blood lol
It's fake, just like the empty fort (credits goes to Zhao Yun.
Borrow arrows (Sun Quan because he's a sea man)
The more I learn about Zl fictional bs, the more I realized he's just a con artist.
It's a distraction to cover up dying to Sima Yi from the disastrous Northern campaign and his only son meeting his bloody end.
Wei Yan should be the real hero. The only guy who actually score victory against Wei in the Northern campaign.
"Zhuge Liang tried his hardest to hold Wei Yan back, perhaps fearing that Wei Yan would become a serious political rival if he was too successful. On the one occasion where Wei Yan was left to his own devices, he went behind enemy lines, successfully allied with foreign elements, and then absolutely crushed Guo Huai"
His early career is shockingly vague. I do wonder if this might be due to the animosity between Wei Yan and Zhuge Liang, who wrote most of his biography. All it says about his early career was that he entered Yi province as one of Liu Bei’s personal retainers, had many military accomplishments, and was eventually made General of the Standard. We are not told what his accomplishments were. Incidentally, General of the Standard does not appear to be a normal military title - the only other person I’ve ever seen with it is Zhao Yun, so it looks like a title Liu Bei reserved for his special friends. Take that for whatever it’s worth.
It is important to note that all of Liu Bei’s most famous generals were still very much alive and well. Zhang Fei, Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong were still perfectly healthy and all were passed over in favor of Wei Yan.
Wei Yan’s promotion to General of the Standard probably came in 215, after Liu Bei conquered Yi province and handed out a lot of promotions. Wei Yan appears to have followed Liu Bei during his successful conquest of Hanzhong commandery in 219, though what role he played during that time is unclear. Wei Yan must have greatly impressed Liu Bei, though, because when it was time to return to Chengdu, he chose Wei Yan to be the general in charge of protecting Hanzhong naming him General Who Maintains Peace in Distant Lands - which, again, appears to be a military title unique to the state of Shu.
Wei Yan’s position requires a bit of context. Basically, if Cao Cao wanted to attack Liu Bei in Yi province, he would have to go through Hanzhong. So the defender of Hanzhong had what was probably the most important job in Liu Bei’s army. This was the guy who would have to go up against whatever Cao Cao could throw at him. In spite of being virtually unknown just five years before this, Wei Yan was given this job.
Meanwhile, there were rebellions in the commanderies of Tianshui, Nan’an, and Anding, so it was uncertain whether those would remain Wei territory or become Shu’s turf. But things fell apart rather quickly. Though many officers suggested letting Wei Yan lead the soldiers against Mount Qi, Zhuge Liang sent the inexperienced Ma Su instead. Ma Su was easily defeated by Zhang He at Jieting, and when Zhuge Liang attempted to advance he was defeated by Zhang He as well. Meanwhile, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were defeated by Cao Zhen. The Shu army retreated while Zhang He, Cao Zhen, and Xu Miao (the real Governor of Liang) pacified the rebelling commanderies, making the campaign a complete disaster for Shu.
Whether things would have gone better had Wei Yan’s plan been employed is impossible to say, but it does seem likely that he would have fared better against Zhang He compared to Ma Su.
Zhuge Liang attacked Wei again later in 228 and for a third time in 229. Given that he appears to have still been Major to the Army of the Chancellor at that time, Wei Yan was likely present with Zhuge Liang’s army. The SGZ says that Wei Yan always continued to advocate his plan to lead 10,000 soldiers against Chang’an, but that Zhuge Liang never permitted him to do so. Since there is no direct mention of Wei Yan’s activities during the second and third campaigns, it would appear that Zhuge Liang continued with his policy of “don’t let Wei Yan do anything.”
That changed in 230. Cao Zhen of Wei was tired of getting attacked yearly by Shu, so he organized a large campaign to invade Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Li Yan ahead to guard strategic points while he himself prepared the main force of the army. Meanwhile, Wei Yan was sent behind enemy lines to make allies of the Qiang tribes and harass the rear of Wei’s army. Wei Yan managed to contact the Qiang and ally with them. In response to this threat, Cao Zhen sent Guo Huai and the general Fei Yao to confront Wei Yan. Their armies met at Yangqi, where Wei Yan crushed Guo Huai. Meanwhile, a month of heavy rain flooded the mountain passes with the result that Cao Zhen’s main force could not advance, and he was ordered to withdraw before ever actually engaging in battle with Zhuge Liang. This made Wei Yan the victor of the only significant military engagement in that campaign. As a result, Wei Yan was made Adviser to the Front Army, General Who Conquers the West (a promotion compared to his earlier title of General Who Guards the North), and Marquis of Nanzheng.
Wei Yan spent the next several years building up Hanzhong’s defenses. He established “double gates” at numerous strategic points, garrisoning each point with enough troops to defend it even if they were completely isolated. His fortifications were designed according to specifications in the Book of Changes (the Yijing - sometimes called the I Ching or Zhouyi). These defensive formations were used to great effect in 244 when Wang Ping used them to repel Cao Shuang’s army. In 258, Jiang Wei abandoned Wei Yan’s defensive strategy, instead planning to have all of the Hanzhong troops withdraw to the cities of Han and Luo in the event of an invasion. He thought that this would allow the Shu army to concentrate its forces better and enable them to counterattack against an invading army rather than just defending the strategic points.
Jiang Wei’s strategy failed spectacularly in 263. As Jiang Wei planned, the soldiers of Hanzhong withdrew to the two cities when Zhong Hui’s army approached. Because most of the local army was in those two locations, Zhong Hui was able to use small forces to keep them paralyzed while he used his main army to crush the remaining troops defending various mountain passes.
An illustration of Wei Yan from a Qing dynasty edition of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It shows Wei Yan (far left) trapping Sima Yi and his sons in Shangfang Valley (上方谷) during one of the Northern Expeditions.
There was also a meta choice in whom they cast as Kongming in the anime. His voice actor is Okiayu Ryotaro, who is familiar to Dynasty Warriors fans for playing Sima Shi. He also inherited the role of Sima Yi after his voice actor passed away.
Seems karmically ironic that the voice of Kongming's greatest rival and son would go on to play a reincarnated Kongming.
His evil laugh is so contagious
ZHUGE LIANG, LIVES?
-Sima Yi in DW4
This made me REALLY wish Masaya Onosaka would play as someone else or reprise as Zhuge Liang by that Koei-based proxy lol
That's an amazing story to know.
Zhuge Liang's death in the novel always struck me as the single most tragic moment of the story, given how much loyalty he displayed and how many hopes he had come to represent.
The... man himself, had at this point in his life taken on SO many responsibilities that he'd shown prior he had no desire of (his philosophy showed THE RULER should care for "his people" otherwise they were in contention with their own people, as well as his personal desire to do what he felt "was best." [You won't believe me but I've literally been discussing this "self/v/love" narrative for decades and trying to put into "youtube" words...] The translation for "what's best" wasn't the same thing as what we come away with from Spock's "the greater good"
{"THE GREATER GOOD."}
My dear nobody if you read the novel (China has actually tried to clamp down on the "official" version of Luo's translation sooooooooo luck with the "Director's Cut") then you know how I feel, because you just now wrote about it. This was a man who didn't have to attempt to commit everything to what he *KNEW* was a pipedream, not because it was a failed dream, but because he knew man (and thus this same kingdom) wasn't going to right it. He put everything into a hope that mankind had grown, changed, could fix it, stop being self and start being someone, because he was impressed by the passion Liu Bei showed, the hope that someone else saw that this was all worth living.
That the world we endure is as it is, but the agency we all bring to the table also puts us under the microscope: are you who you are because you want to FK* the world, or because you love it and want to ease its' suffering?
This is pertinent because ... the REAL Kongming essentially asked Liu Bei the same thing.
That he sided with this ideal to the end says alot about the man, and the ideal.
...and about us.
The single most tragic moment was when Zhuge Liang accepted Liu Bei's invitation. The reason Zhuge Liang didn't want to serve Wei or Wu (where even his older brother was serving), was that Zhuge Liang couldn't stand being eclipsed by other ministers. His ego was waaaay too big. Zhuge Liang knew that joining Liu Bei meant extending the fighting for years and causing tens of hundreds of thousands of deaths...but he was ok with that. Cao Cao would have united the realm and brought peace much, much sooner if Zhuge Liang had just stayed away. He has so much blood on his hands, I hope he's roasting in the afterlife.
@@bvbxiong5791 An interesting take, though I must respectfully disagree with your assessment.
@@bvbxiong5791 This is the take of people who supports Russia. "If Zelensky just surrendered then they would have been already conquered and brought peace much sooner."
@@bvbxiong5791 nah dude, its Chinese history you're talking right here. Every warlords are equally, if not, more brutal than any of those most brutals written in European history. Most of them are infamous for bloodlust and would be butthurt if they dont commit massacre for no reason in any new cities they've just conquered
If there's no Kong, Cao Cao would likely have more innocent civilians blood on his hand if anything. That's why thousands are loyal to Kongming and Liu's cause because it's better die red than kneel red
The Romance of Three kingdoms and The Journey to the West have one thing in common: readers in different ages/backgrounds will interpret completely different things out of the same lore.
While Childrens are enjoying heros' adventure, adults can dig deeper into the cruel tragedies, politics, criticism of ideologies, and Conspiracy theories that the author carefully hints, that's why these stories are still so attractive after hundreds of years.
Zhuge Liang deserves recognition for propping up the Shu Han economy.
I am glad more people are starting to recognize this. He and Liu Ba helped restore a broken economy and make it work pretty efficiently.
One thing I realized is that Tokugawa Ieyasu is a bookworm. Dude read a lot of books about ancient history and used those knowledge to his advantage, especially the tactics from both Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi.
Ieyasu successfully used an empty fort against Takeda Shingen’s army like Zhuge Liang.
Ieyasu preserved his own health while building up his family to puppeteer the court after Hideyoshi’s death before usurping it in the end like Sima Yi.
Kongming's witty insults killed people, *_literally_*
So Kongming Pulled his Punches against Kabe then?
ruclips.net/video/Dbt3zZokwlI/видео.html
this guy's gangster? His name's Clarence
Debatable. That story comes from the romance of three Kingdoms, which the name itself says you it's a romance, while it's highly historical accurate there are some dramatization or romance elements
i'm guessing that he has hypertension. Old age + long journey + Kongming destroying his argument in front of so many people trigger a fatal stroke
Fun Fact: the Empty Fort Strategy was also historically used by Zhao Yun, during Liu Bei's Hanzhong Campaign against Cao Cao! Historical records indicate a battle in which Zhao Yun and Huang Zhong were sharing command of a force, and Huang Zhong took most of the men out for a mission. Zhao Yun and his small entourage (think 10 people or so) were scouting when they ran into a bulk of Cao Cao's forces. Just like you would imagine in Romance, Zhao Yun and his men used personal heroics to fight their way out and led the enemy back to their camp, where he ordered the drums to be silent and the gates opened. The Cao force general suspected an ambush and pulled away, just long enough for Huang Zhong to return with the rest of the army. Moral of the story? Zhao Yun is an absolute beast, both in Romance and in history.
P.S. Rescuing Liu Bei's child at Changban by himself was historical too! While Zhao Yun didn't actually face down an entire army, he did fight his way through 5,000 elite cavalry vanguard and successfully rescue both Lady Gan and Liu Bei's son. What a legend.
It's unlikely he fought through 5000 cavalrynin history. It's more likely he sneaked through most of them, avoiding combat as much as possible, and then did a fighting retreat if anything if he had to actually engage in combat.
@Intranet how to sneak from 5000 cavalries and 15k troops? Being invisible ?
@@Intranetusa True, it’s not like he fought each man individually and came out on top - just the unfortunate few that stood in his and Lady Gan and Liu Shan’s way to safety. Still, an incredibly impressive feat!
And another point people forget: the fact that he charged into 5000 heavy cavalry to rescue the family of Liu Bei shows just how loyal and brave he was, just going off historical records.
@@irritatedanglosaxon1705 Blend in among civilians and/or pretend to be a civilian, avoid areas where concentrations of soldiers are patroling, etc. It is possible to sneak past tens of thousands of troops (WW2 era commandos did it all the time and modern commandoes still do this). It is basically impossible to fight thousands of troops by yourself.
@@lzx868 Yeh, he likely fought some soldiers individually. I don't think he charged into 5000 cavalry (at least not where all 5000 were gathered together?)? I have a version of the Records of Three Kingdoms and the part where he saves the baby says he fought through some enemy troops so it sounds like he only fought through a part of the enemy/small groups of enemies. Unless you're talking about a different part?
I know Eiko is busy in the story, but I do find it a bit odd that she did not one bit even go read the Three Kingdom books, especially for how much Zhuge Liang helped her throughout the story.
She wants to be a pop star! ✨
I'm pretty sure she still thinks Kongming is a weird cosplayer
Imagine if netflix makes a documentary about Zhuge Liang's wife and saying that she's a black person lol
The Three Kingdoms is basically the original Sengoku era. Emperor held as a puppet by Prime Minister/Warlord who claims he's executing the emperor's will. Fellow warlords fighting over the emperor calling that Prime Minister illegitimate.
Actually, Oda Nobunaga who is well verse in Chinese history prefer to compare Sengoku period with Warring State China, where his biggest idol was Qin Shi huangdi
The Warring States is the Original Sengoku Era 戰國時代
@@hanchiman I second this. His victory at Okehazama is very similar to how Goujian smashed Fuchai of Wu.
@@andro7862 and thus he named his castle "Gifu castle". A tribute to Qin or so it says in Wiki
Aka Legend Hero Samgugjeon!!!!!!!!!!!!
I'm glad you also addressed connection of Eiko to Kongming's wife😊
I like the author did research more than surface level and other characters in show can also be seen as representing their historical counterparts in how they interact
Glad finally saw someone explain this well between The anime and the historically. Nice video!
Ironically, of all people, Zhang Fei's display at the Changban Bridge against Cao Cao was far closer to the "Empty Fort Strategy" than anything Zhuge Liang ever did.
Well, considering the fact that in real history Zhang Fei was not a drunkard at all [at least there are no evidence proving he was]
and the fact that unlike in, say, Dynasty Warriors games, Zhang Fei was actually more of a brain rather than brawn...
it was not that ironic that opponents expected being lured into an ambush
Actually a more closer take was by Zhaoyun. In which battle I forgot.
@@ivychen7242Zhao Yun is forever known as worlds greatest babysitter
Finally, someone is bringing up Water Margin's lore, I was fascinated with both literatures when I played RoTK 2 and Bandit Kings of Ancient China by Koei when I was a kid.. Thank you in advance!
Fun fact: In the Dynasty Warriors game series, the game developers took the legend of Yuejing being an inventor into her move set. during gameplay, she has special attacks that launch machines to attack her foes. 😁
Edogawa Ranpo ...... Edoga - waRan - po ...... Edga Aran Po ...... Edgar Allan Poe...
What the government doesn’t want you to know
Woah trippy
The more I learn about Zl fictional bs, the more I realized he's just a con artist.
It's a distraction to cover up dying to Sima Yi from the disastrous Northern campaign and his only son meeting his bloody end.
Wei Yan should be the real hero. That only guy who actually score victory against Wei.
"Zhuge Liang tried his hardest to hold Wei Yan back, perhaps fearing that Wei Yan would become a serious political rival if he was too successful. On the one occasion where Wei Yan was left to his own devices, he went behind enemy lines, successfully allied with foreign elements, and then absolutely crushed Guo Huai"
His early career is shockingly vague. I do wonder if this might be due to the animosity between Wei Yan and Zhuge Liang, who wrote most of his biography. All it says about his early career was that he entered Yi province as one of Liu Bei’s personal retainers, had many military accomplishments, and was eventually made General of the Standard. We are not told what his accomplishments were. Incidentally, General of the Standard does not appear to be a normal military title - the only other person I’ve ever seen with it is Zhao Yun, so it looks like a title Liu Bei reserved for his special friends. Take that for whatever it’s worth.
It is important to note that all of Liu Bei’s most famous generals were still very much alive and well. Zhang Fei, Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong were still perfectly healthy and all were passed over in favor of Wei Yan.
Wei Yan’s promotion to General of the Standard probably came in 215, after Liu Bei conquered Yi province and handed out a lot of promotions. Wei Yan appears to have followed Liu Bei during his successful conquest of Hanzhong commandery in 219, though what role he played during that time is unclear. Wei Yan must have greatly impressed Liu Bei, though, because when it was time to return to Chengdu, he chose Wei Yan to be the general in charge of protecting Hanzhong naming him General Who Maintains Peace in Distant Lands - which, again, appears to be a military title unique to the state of Shu.
Wei Yan’s position requires a bit of context. Basically, if Cao Cao wanted to attack Liu Bei in Yi province, he would have to go through Hanzhong. So the defender of Hanzhong had what was probably the most important job in Liu Bei’s army. This was the guy who would have to go up against whatever Cao Cao could throw at him. In spite of being virtually unknown just five years before this, Wei Yan was given this job.
Meanwhile, there were rebellions in the commanderies of Tianshui, Nan’an, and Anding, so it was uncertain whether those would remain Wei territory or become Shu’s turf. But things fell apart rather quickly. Though many officers suggested letting Wei Yan lead the soldiers against Mount Qi, Zhuge Liang sent the inexperienced Ma Su instead. Ma Su was easily defeated by Zhang He at Jieting, and when Zhuge Liang attempted to advance he was defeated by Zhang He as well. Meanwhile, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were defeated by Cao Zhen. The Shu army retreated while Zhang He, Cao Zhen, and Xu Miao (the real Governor of Liang) pacified the rebelling commanderies, making the campaign a complete disaster for Shu.
Whether things would have gone better had Wei Yan’s plan been employed is impossible to say, but it does seem likely that he would have fared better against Zhang He compared to Ma Su.
Zhuge Liang attacked Wei again later in 228 and for a third time in 229. Given that he appears to have still been Major to the Army of the Chancellor at that time, Wei Yan was likely present with Zhuge Liang’s army. The SGZ says that Wei Yan always continued to advocate his plan to lead 10,000 soldiers against Chang’an, but that Zhuge Liang never permitted him to do so. Since there is no direct mention of Wei Yan’s activities during the second and third campaigns, it would appear that Zhuge Liang continued with his policy of “don’t let Wei Yan do anything.”
That changed in 230. Cao Zhen of Wei was tired of getting attacked yearly by Shu, so he organized a large campaign to invade Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Li Yan ahead to guard strategic points while he himself prepared the main force of the army. Meanwhile, Wei Yan was sent behind enemy lines to make allies of the Qiang tribes and harass the rear of Wei’s army. Wei Yan managed to contact the Qiang and ally with them. In response to this threat, Cao Zhen sent Guo Huai and the general Fei Yao to confront Wei Yan. Their armies met at Yangqi, where Wei Yan crushed Guo Huai. Meanwhile, a month of heavy rain flooded the mountain passes with the result that Cao Zhen’s main force could not advance, and he was ordered to withdraw before ever actually engaging in battle with Zhuge Liang. This made Wei Yan the victor of the only significant military engagement in that campaign. As a result, Wei Yan was made Adviser to the Front Army, General Who Conquers the West (a promotion compared to his earlier title of General Who Guards the North), and Marquis of Nanzheng.
Wei Yan spent the next several years building up Hanzhong’s defenses. He established “double gates” at numerous strategic points, garrisoning each point with enough troops to defend it even if they were completely isolated. His fortifications were designed according to specifications in the Book of Changes (the Yijing - sometimes called the I Ching or Zhouyi). These defensive formations were used to great effect in 244 when Wang Ping used them to repel Cao Shuang’s army. In 258, Jiang Wei abandoned Wei Yan’s defensive strategy, instead planning to have all of the Hanzhong troops withdraw to the cities of Han and Luo in the event of an invasion. He thought that this would allow the Shu army to concentrate its forces better and enable them to counterattack against an invading army rather than just defending the strategic points.
Jiang Wei’s strategy failed spectacularly in 263. As Jiang Wei planned, the soldiers of Hanzhong withdrew to the two cities when Zhong Hui’s army approached. Because most of the local army was in those two locations, Zhong Hui was able to use small forces to keep them paralyzed while he used his main army to crush the remaining troops defending various mountain passes.
An illustration of Wei Yan from a Qing dynasty edition of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It shows Wei Yan (far left) trapping Sima Yi and his sons in Shangfang Valley (上方谷) during one of the Northern Expeditions.
Actually Edogawa Ranpo picked this pen name precisely because he loved reading Edgar Allan Poe’s works.
Hehehe yup. I knew since studying literature movement when i was in college.
Let's just say i'm not fans of Eroguro movement.
Zhuge Liang is one of the heroes from the literature that change my favorite archetype for a fictional protagonist. Just like most boys, I grew up loving the strong and powerful characters who can valiantly beat their foe in an epic fight. But after I read Romance of the Three Kingdoms (along with Sengoku Record and Ramayana), I develop a new preference and to this day come to really love the cunning and witty protagonist who can use his intellect to outsmart their opponents especially those that are way stronger than them.
I did that but for Jua Xu and Lu Xun.
Not me.
The more I learn about Zl fictional bs, the more I realized he's just a con artist.
It's a distraction to cover up dying to Sima Yi from the disastrous Northern campaign and his only son meeting his bloody end.
Wei Yan should be the real hero. That only guy who actually score victory against Wei.
"Zhuge Liang tried his hardest to hold Wei Yan back, perhaps fearing that Wei Yan would become a serious political rival if he was too successful. On the one occasion where Wei Yan was left to his own devices, he went behind enemy lines, successfully allied with foreign elements, and then absolutely crushed Guo Huai"
His early career is shockingly vague. I do wonder if this might be due to the animosity between Wei Yan and Zhuge Liang, who wrote most of his biography. All it says about his early career was that he entered Yi province as one of Liu Bei’s personal retainers, had many military accomplishments, and was eventually made General of the Standard. We are not told what his accomplishments were. Incidentally, General of the Standard does not appear to be a normal military title - the only other person I’ve ever seen with it is Zhao Yun, so it looks like a title Liu Bei reserved for his special friends. Take that for whatever it’s worth.
It is important to note that all of Liu Bei’s most famous generals were still very much alive and well. Zhang Fei, Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong were still perfectly healthy and all were passed over in favor of Wei Yan.
Wei Yan’s promotion to General of the Standard probably came in 215, after Liu Bei conquered Yi province and handed out a lot of promotions. Wei Yan appears to have followed Liu Bei during his successful conquest of Hanzhong commandery in 219, though what role he played during that time is unclear. Wei Yan must have greatly impressed Liu Bei, though, because when it was time to return to Chengdu, he chose Wei Yan to be the general in charge of protecting Hanzhong naming him General Who Maintains Peace in Distant Lands - which, again, appears to be a military title unique to the state of Shu.
Wei Yan’s position requires a bit of context. Basically, if Cao Cao wanted to attack Liu Bei in Yi province, he would have to go through Hanzhong. So the defender of Hanzhong had what was probably the most important job in Liu Bei’s army. This was the guy who would have to go up against whatever Cao Cao could throw at him. In spite of being virtually unknown just five years before this, Wei Yan was given this job.
Meanwhile, there were rebellions in the commanderies of Tianshui, Nan’an, and Anding, so it was uncertain whether those would remain Wei territory or become Shu’s turf. But things fell apart rather quickly. Though many officers suggested letting Wei Yan lead the soldiers against Mount Qi, Zhuge Liang sent the inexperienced Ma Su instead. Ma Su was easily defeated by Zhang He at Jieting, and when Zhuge Liang attempted to advance he was defeated by Zhang He as well. Meanwhile, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were defeated by Cao Zhen. The Shu army retreated while Zhang He, Cao Zhen, and Xu Miao (the real Governor of Liang) pacified the rebelling commanderies, making the campaign a complete disaster for Shu.
Whether things would have gone better had Wei Yan’s plan been employed is impossible to say, but it does seem likely that he would have fared better against Zhang He compared to Ma Su.
Zhuge Liang attacked Wei again later in 228 and for a third time in 229. Given that he appears to have still been Major to the Army of the Chancellor at that time, Wei Yan was likely present with Zhuge Liang’s army. The SGZ says that Wei Yan always continued to advocate his plan to lead 10,000 soldiers against Chang’an, but that Zhuge Liang never permitted him to do so. Since there is no direct mention of Wei Yan’s activities during the second and third campaigns, it would appear that Zhuge Liang continued with his policy of “don’t let Wei Yan do anything.”
That changed in 230. Cao Zhen of Wei was tired of getting attacked yearly by Shu, so he organized a large campaign to invade Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Li Yan ahead to guard strategic points while he himself prepared the main force of the army. Meanwhile, Wei Yan was sent behind enemy lines to make allies of the Qiang tribes and harass the rear of Wei’s army. Wei Yan managed to contact the Qiang and ally with them. In response to this threat, Cao Zhen sent Guo Huai and the general Fei Yao to confront Wei Yan. Their armies met at Yangqi, where Wei Yan crushed Guo Huai. Meanwhile, a month of heavy rain flooded the mountain passes with the result that Cao Zhen’s main force could not advance, and he was ordered to withdraw before ever actually engaging in battle with Zhuge Liang. This made Wei Yan the victor of the only significant military engagement in that campaign. As a result, Wei Yan was made Adviser to the Front Army, General Who Conquers the West (a promotion compared to his earlier title of General Who Guards the North), and Marquis of Nanzheng.
Wei Yan spent the next several years building up Hanzhong’s defenses. He established “double gates” at numerous strategic points, garrisoning each point with enough troops to defend it even if they were completely isolated. His fortifications were designed according to specifications in the Book of Changes (the Yijing - sometimes called the I Ching or Zhouyi). These defensive formations were used to great effect in 244 when Wang Ping used them to repel Cao Shuang’s army. In 258, Jiang Wei abandoned Wei Yan’s defensive strategy, instead planning to have all of the Hanzhong troops withdraw to the cities of Han and Luo in the event of an invasion. He thought that this would allow the Shu army to concentrate its forces better and enable them to counterattack against an invading army rather than just defending the strategic points.
Jiang Wei’s strategy failed spectacularly in 263. As Jiang Wei planned, the soldiers of Hanzhong withdrew to the two cities when Zhong Hui’s army approached. Because most of the local army was in those two locations, Zhong Hui was able to use small forces to keep them paralyzed while he used his main army to crush the remaining troops defending various mountain passes.
An illustration of Wei Yan from a Qing dynasty edition of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It shows Wei Yan (far left) trapping Sima Yi and his sons in Shangfang Valley (上方谷) during one of the Northern Expeditions.
Zhuge Liang is a hero who uses his fan and mind than the sword and muscle.
Making him far more based than a warrior.
@@CoffeeSuccubus that thinking suits Jis Xu better. But cool logic.
this guy is a professional ZL hater, he's even commenting anti ZL in comments of Three Kingdoms clips
19:50 is a good wallpaper to setup for Zhuge Liang fans. Even Ikkitousen and Koihime Musou is there.
Missing out the Honor of Kings edition of Zhuge Liang, tho.
Besides Dynasty Warriors, Yokoyama Mitsuteru's manga was my main introduction to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. I was already a fan of Yokoyama, but his adaptation made me love even more his work, because the guy is amazing at writing historical fiction. His biographical manga on Genghis Khan is absolutely amazing. I'd love to read his version of "Suikoden" too, but it was translated only to french. The "Sangokushi" manga version was the biggest renewal of japanese interest in the RoT3K, as far as I know, and it brought a massive new audience to this story in Japan since the 70s. Thank goodness there's at least english translations of this manga going around online, so I can always recommend it to people interested in getting into RoT3K more easily, alongside with the 1994 chinese TV show being subbed right now.
Excellent video as always, I really like your videos! If you wanna make a video on Water Margin or Investiture of the Gods, I'd be all for it (or even hearing your thoughts on more RoT3K adaptations, specially Yokoyama's manga, which is one of my favorites... I also loved the anime movie trilogy by Toei in the 90s)
First time I saw this trailer, I thought it was a joke that someone from BiliBili or NicoNico did a mash up... but then realized it is a real Manga turned Anime with alot of catchy songs.
Anyways the manga/anime did a few good jobs by making some of the "fictional" part of Zhuge Liang as "Ambigious" compared to real history when Zhuge just simply say "Oh, so this is how they portray me?" or like "The history just exaggerated my talent".
3 Kingdoms basically has alot of things in there, it has Politics, Human Psychology and Mind Games, Etiquette and alot of action adventure. It basically the original Game of Thrones.
Forgot to mention, the current look of Zhuge Liang and mannerism could be credited to the old epic manga by Mitsuteru Yokoyama's "Sangokushi" that many who grew up in the 80's been reading. This manga depiction of 3 Kingdom become a popculture in Japan and China.
Anyways for us Chinese. His proper name is read as "Hong Ming".
Think Chen Shou was a bit unfair with Zhuge Liang and was passive aggressive towards him by calling Hong Ming as a "A-hole" because Hong Ming executed Chen Shou dad decades ago.
By the way, if you going to check on Water Margin, I can recommend the CCTV version from 1998 with fight choreography by Yuen Wo Ping. Many of the actors in there also did Three Kingdom from the 1996 CCTV version too! For example the guy who played Zhang Fei played Lei Kuai the Black Whirlwind or the guy who played Zhou Yu played Wu Chong the Tiger slayer.
Avoid the 2010 version, that one was crap. Also the Japanese version was pretty campy.
By the way, there is a tribal village in China where they claim to be descendant of Zhuge Liang as their surname is Zhuge. It kinda become a tourist trap village now with Zhuge Liang memoribilia.
Zhuge liang is always so cool in modern works
Yeay finally my favorite... Zhuge Liang. It's been a long time since the last time i watch your video. And you already hit 100k subs, congrats! 👏
Been waiting for this
I love this anime and I love three kingdoms and I never expected to see them intersect on this channel, but here we are. Great stuff!
Really looking forward to your Water Margin video. It and Dream of The Red Chamber deseve way more recognition
Thank you for doing these videos! It is fascinating!
After going through a Dynasty Warriors kick I watched the film Red Cliff. It took me too long to realize when they switch between birth names and courtesy names.
Interestin how the Japanese version of ROTK ends at Wuzhang Plains.
It's like Dynasty Warriors up until 7. Those games ended at Wuzhang too.
That was really interesting! I have a bit of an interest in Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang, ever since the anime especially. I totally understand why people still worship as a hero, he is pretty cool. The anime one that can rap his enemy to death too, haha :D
Cool, Water Marging is next! Wish there were videos explaining the story and for Investiture of the gods too. I dont know anything about those stories.
now i know why zhuge liang is so popular with my Japanese friends
and i learn more thanks bro
3:24 Looking forward to that from the start. I'm also thinking that,when he(Kongming) died at Wuzhang Plains, She(Yueying) laments it and prayed that somehow, they spent more time together in another life.
Then, we have the current anime plot. 😅
7:57 Another well known where the Dutch. The Japanese also adopted some Dutch Teachings(Rangaku) specially in medicine.
8:22 Vagabond Manga about Shinmen Takezo/Miyamoto Musashi
I remember back in school going to the library just to read Yokoyama Sangokushi manga, as a kid, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were very sad and later volumes get more depressing. It doesn't help that the characters look much younger than their real age, many of them suddenly get sick and die randomly in just one episode.
Tokyo treat and sakuraco
Two sponsors at the same time
bro is getting big now
Hope u soon get golden play button
Literally that opening song attracted many people lol. It have one of the coolest version of Kongming.
The Yokohama Mitsuteru also do it own version like how Diao Chan suicide after Lu Bu kill Dong Zhuo. It also tell story ten attendants, Dong Zhuo enthrone new emperor, how Cao Cao refuse to abdicate emperor Xian and never potrait Sima Yi as evil as Dynasty Warrior series. The sad part when Kongming see his master and generals died one by one, Shu lacking of talented people to fill the gap and he doesn't have much time left and feel left alone.
Unfortunately it stop when Shu falls with the irony Liu Shan having party and doesn't mind losing an empire as long he live happy.
Cj I love your other channel, so cool you are doing this now!
I haven't read Conan in a while but there is a police inspector Taka'aki Morofushi
nicknamed Kong Ming because he is smart & another reading of his name sound similar
Awesome channel bro! I first started learning about the Three Kingdoms story by reading the appendix section of the manual that came with the ROTK 2 game on the Amiga CDTV. Ancient China was both strange and fascinating to me as a kid. I remember one day we had to do a presentation in front of the class about an historical character. Well on that day of the yearly 90s, a bunch of french speaking Canadian kids learned about the tales of Liu Bei and his sworn brothers!
Thanks cool bro for your hard work.
I can't believe it! What a wonderful video! Viva Zhuge Liang
Good shout on the Arthurian legend comparison. Even as someone from the UK, it's easy for people to forget stuff like Le Morte d'Arthur is French in origin lol. I grew up mostly believing that you had the Records of the Three Kingdoms and then Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Naïve in retrospect. I've read up to the battle of Chibi so far. It took me awhile to get used to the courtesy names for characters. Though I heard Liu Xuande and Kong Ming enough for it to stick lol.
General Zhang Xun of the Tang was one of the inspirations that added to the Zhuge myth. A more bloody and sad story but unfortunately less known... maybe due to cannibalism.
Couple things from someone who's very well versed in 3 kingdoms history.
1: I think the Dark Skin might be another way to just describe someone as ugly. Jia Nanfeng, whose reign as Empress lead into the death of the Jin empire and the War of the Eight Princes, is described in the history as very short and dark skinned, so I'm thinking this getting repeated is something that's meant to indicate ugliness.
2: The Empty Fort strategy was pulled off in history, just not by Zhuge Liang. You mentioned the Cao Cao/Lu Bu version, but also Zhao Yun pulled it off during the Han Zhong campaign against Cao Cao in 219 (which fits into the point of Zhuge Liang getting attributed deeds from other officers), as well as by Cao Cao's general Wen Ping defending against a Sun Quan invasion after rain and water had caused damage and people to flee.
Nice correction on the empty fort.
I remember it was Sun Quan who borrow arrows from Cao Cao because he's sea man xD
I always wonder why the TV show portray Zhang Fei having light tan and Guan Yu with light red face.
Were they foreigners like the viking?
Similar to Lu Bu who might be a Mongol?
I can't help myself putting this out :3
The more I learn about Zl fictional bs, the more I realized he's just a con artist.
It's a distraction to cover up dying to Sima Yi from the disastrous Northern campaign and his only son meeting his bloody end.
Wei Yan should be the real hero. The only guy who actually score victory against Wei in the Northern campaign.
"Zhuge Liang tried his hardest to hold Wei Yan back, perhaps fearing that Wei Yan would become a serious political rival if he was too successful. On the one occasion where Wei Yan was left to his own devices, he went behind enemy lines, successfully allied with foreign elements, and then absolutely crushed Guo Huai"
His early career is shockingly vague. I do wonder if this might be due to the animosity between Wei Yan and Zhuge Liang, who wrote most of his biography. All it says about his early career was that he entered Yi province as one of Liu Bei’s personal retainers, had many military accomplishments, and was eventually made General of the Standard. We are not told what his accomplishments were. Incidentally, General of the Standard does not appear to be a normal military title - the only other person I’ve ever seen with it is Zhao Yun, so it looks like a title Liu Bei reserved for his special friends. Take that for whatever it’s worth.
It is important to note that all of Liu Bei’s most famous generals were still very much alive and well. Zhang Fei, Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong were still perfectly healthy and all were passed over in favor of Wei Yan.
Wei Yan’s promotion to General of the Standard probably came in 215, after Liu Bei conquered Yi province and handed out a lot of promotions. Wei Yan appears to have followed Liu Bei during his successful conquest of Hanzhong commandery in 219, though what role he played during that time is unclear. Wei Yan must have greatly impressed Liu Bei, though, because when it was time to return to Chengdu, he chose Wei Yan to be the general in charge of protecting Hanzhong naming him General Who Maintains Peace in Distant Lands - which, again, appears to be a military title unique to the state of Shu.
Wei Yan’s position requires a bit of context. Basically, if Cao Cao wanted to attack Liu Bei in Yi province, he would have to go through Hanzhong. So the defender of Hanzhong had what was probably the most important job in Liu Bei’s army. This was the guy who would have to go up against whatever Cao Cao could throw at him. In spite of being virtually unknown just five years before this, Wei Yan was given this job.
Meanwhile, there were rebellions in the commanderies of Tianshui, Nan’an, and Anding, so it was uncertain whether those would remain Wei territory or become Shu’s turf. But things fell apart rather quickly. Though many officers suggested letting Wei Yan lead the soldiers against Mount Qi, Zhuge Liang sent the inexperienced Ma Su instead. Ma Su was easily defeated by Zhang He at Jieting, and when Zhuge Liang attempted to advance he was defeated by Zhang He as well. Meanwhile, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi were defeated by Cao Zhen. The Shu army retreated while Zhang He, Cao Zhen, and Xu Miao (the real Governor of Liang) pacified the rebelling commanderies, making the campaign a complete disaster for Shu.
Whether things would have gone better had Wei Yan’s plan been employed is impossible to say, but it does seem likely that he would have fared better against Zhang He compared to Ma Su.
Zhuge Liang attacked Wei again later in 228 and for a third time in 229. Given that he appears to have still been Major to the Army of the Chancellor at that time, Wei Yan was likely present with Zhuge Liang’s army. The SGZ says that Wei Yan always continued to advocate his plan to lead 10,000 soldiers against Chang’an, but that Zhuge Liang never permitted him to do so. Since there is no direct mention of Wei Yan’s activities during the second and third campaigns, it would appear that Zhuge Liang continued with his policy of “don’t let Wei Yan do anything.”
That changed in 230. Cao Zhen of Wei was tired of getting attacked yearly by Shu, so he organized a large campaign to invade Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Li Yan ahead to guard strategic points while he himself prepared the main force of the army. Meanwhile, Wei Yan was sent behind enemy lines to make allies of the Qiang tribes and harass the rear of Wei’s army. Wei Yan managed to contact the Qiang and ally with them. In response to this threat, Cao Zhen sent Guo Huai and the general Fei Yao to confront Wei Yan. Their armies met at Yangqi, where Wei Yan crushed Guo Huai. Meanwhile, a month of heavy rain flooded the mountain passes with the result that Cao Zhen’s main force could not advance, and he was ordered to withdraw before ever actually engaging in battle with Zhuge Liang. This made Wei Yan the victor of the only significant military engagement in that campaign. As a result, Wei Yan was made Adviser to the Front Army, General Who Conquers the West (a promotion compared to his earlier title of General Who Guards the North), and Marquis of Nanzheng.
Wei Yan spent the next several years building up Hanzhong’s defenses. He established “double gates” at numerous strategic points, garrisoning each point with enough troops to defend it even if they were completely isolated. His fortifications were designed according to specifications in the Book of Changes (the Yijing - sometimes called the I Ching or Zhouyi). These defensive formations were used to great effect in 244 when Wang Ping used them to repel Cao Shuang’s army. In 258, Jiang Wei abandoned Wei Yan’s defensive strategy, instead planning to have all of the Hanzhong troops withdraw to the cities of Han and Luo in the event of an invasion. He thought that this would allow the Shu army to concentrate its forces better and enable them to counterattack against an invading army rather than just defending the strategic points.
Jiang Wei’s strategy failed spectacularly in 263. As Jiang Wei planned, the soldiers of Hanzhong withdrew to the two cities when Zhong Hui’s army approached. Because most of the local army was in those two locations, Zhong Hui was able to use small forces to keep them paralyzed while he used his main army to crush the remaining troops defending various mountain passes.
An illustration of Wei Yan from a Qing dynasty edition of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It shows Wei Yan (far left) trapping Sima Yi and his sons in Shangfang Valley (上方谷) during one of the Northern Expeditions.
@@condorX2 You don't need to write all that long really, I bet most ppl who research Three Kingdoms' history knows that Wei Yan wasn't a bad guy as well as Zhuge Liang's practices of nepotism (at least, I kind of get that from why he trusted ppl like Li Yan, Ma Su and then Yang Yi) was to strengthen his political power in the court.
Wei Yan is simply a man who lived in the wrong place and at the wrong time. Had he lived at the time of Jiang Wei, he would've been a great asset in his army, even minimalizing Jiang Wei's defeat most of the time.
@@yamiyami4278 🤓👍
@@condorX2Where did you get all of this information from? I want to read up on the historical side of the three kingdoms history, but there is a lot of he said she said, so I have been looking for a reputable source of information. Also, I read everything and was quite surprised with everything that Wei Yan accomplished, as he has always been on of my favorites from the Dynasty Warriors series.
Once again you Made history become interesting
I am thankful for these videos, I love learning about the history of China, and I only learned of it from the games sadly.. so I don't know what's true and what's not.. In the games, they made Lu Bu close to a real god cause he was damn near impossible to fight in the early DW games.. But suddenly in the open world one he was simple to beat, all you had to do was get him in a unending combo.. I just laughed a bit at the character designs like Zhang Jiao..
very cool video, made me interested in historical three kindoms so do you recomend any books in english on that. Thanks
Quite the cultural hero Kong Ming has become today
Cannot wait to hear u talk about water margin!!
Fun fact: Kongming in the anime happened to be voiced by Ryotaro Okiayu, who is known for voicing Zero from Mega Man X.
Yueying needs more attention. She is really interesting but hardly in adaptions. Good on Koei for making her awesome and playable in Dynasty Warriors
But only in Dynasty Warrior 5.
@@syntax2004 she’s a blast in 8
i was excited when you say that your going to make water margin videos i hope you can add some explanation to the 108 stars of destiny adding that i hope you could also tell what the ''real" water margin was based on so cant wait for you to talk about this book by shi nai an
Upcoming Water Margins video? Woo-hoo!
John Zhu just wrapped up his Water Margins podcast - I’d love to hear your thoughts on the story!
Nice video! Ya Boy Kong Ming is pretty interesting. I got to watch this anime.
Zhuge liang was a master strategist able to predict the enemy moves. It's not a surprise that his legend endure until this day. It's unfair that such great man stays in the shadow of meatheads like Alexander the great narcisist.
True, China had many top tier generals or kings, but all the list of top generals are full of Europeans, I think is just the Eurocentrism.
@@zyracxes9333 you think? I am sure that is Eurocentrism!
Zhuge Liang was great, but the empire he worked for was much smaller, than that of Alexander the Great
@@gilgameschvonuruk4982 While Alexanders empire was big, it was nothing but an unstable dominion over subdued lords of different peoples held together by the fear of Alexanders army. Not unlike the Mongol empire just smaller and even less stable. China on the other hand was the leading civilization on the planet and even in periodes of division into waring kingdoms it fielded armies of millions of soldiers lead by highly educated strategists. In Europe (and everywhere else in the world) everything was far smaller.
@@CB-py1xh Well said!
Paripi kongming in thumbnail! Nice!
Speaking of water margin, do mention the japanese game called "genso suikoden"
I had such a hard time pronouncing the title of the anime Ya Boy Kongming because I kept getting the spelling of his name mixed up with the way the Japanese characters said his name, Koumei. Thank goodness they didn’t use his surname. I can’t even begin to pronounce it.
u made history exciting
Great video, I'm a huge fan of your channel. I have always been a huge fan of the Romance of the Three Kingdom story. My two favorite characters are Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun. This video does not ruin the image of Zhuge Liang for me because I know that the story I love so dearly is partly fictional. It reminds me of a great quote from a movie "when legend becomes fact print the legend."
Yeeaaahhh!!! Chitty chitty bang bang!!
Zhuge Liang did predict the changing of the wind direction... remember he was a farmer in Nanyang before the war and everything.
No, he's not some sorcerer with control over the elements, it's solely on his knowledge of meteorology and astronomy.
Zhuge Liang was also educated, and he had to be well aware of the seasons and changes in weather because he has to feed himself.
He lost his father at an early age, his elder brother Zhuge Jin went to work under Sun Quan, so it's his responsibility to care for his younger siblings, plus his wife and his father-in-law.
When you have so many mouths to feed, you really need to be able to know the flow of the weather, or else you're going to starve.
Cool History Bros: 您知道youtube有兩個頻道，主要聊三國(與其他)歷史，一個叫「英雄說書」，一個叫「說書人柳豫」。內容很棒，我覺得很值得參考
Thank you for your work!
so awesome, i wanna read and watch the anime
sleeping dragon and fledging phoenix, acquiring one will brings you the world. Liu Bei acquired both, yet his dreams still short lived. perhaps, those dreams to restore the han dynasty is too big of a mission for him.
I watch Paripi Kong Ming and is good, you can really feel the author admiration for the character
Can't wait for the Shui Hu Zhuan video
The real Zhuge Liang in history is actually better than the novel. The novel is indeed not telling the true story about Zhuge Liang, but his talent is NOT exaggerated or overrated at all. He is an amazing person and is recognized as almost flawless in Chinese history. He has won high praises from so many Chinese historical celebrities including many greatest intellectual and militarist etc (before the novel was written), not JUST for his loyalty, passion and kindness, but because he is really a capable person in every aspects
Here are two stories:
1, In the 19th century, the British who colonized Burma tried to invade Yunnan and were stopped by the local tribes. In a crisis, the plea for help sent by the tribal chiefs to their neighbors and the government said: "Our ancestors has made a pact with Chancellor Zhuge of the Great Han to guard the frontier, the pact has been honored over 1600 years, and will continue." It was this call to resist the British invasion that built the ethnic consciousness of these tribes, and formed the 佤Wa, 布朗Bulang and 德昂De'ang ethnic groups that exists today in Myanmar and China.
2, The white turban is reserved for funerals in China, will not normally worn. The only exception is for men in the Sichuan region. Because after the death of Chancellor Zhuge, people took the initiative to hold a funeral for him and didn't want to take off them after the funeral, so in time, the white turban became a feature of Sichuan men in ancient China. Nowadays, in the rural Sichuan, Chongqing and parts of Yunnan, you can still see old men with white turbans.
Excellent work here.
I recently bought "Red Cliffs" movie.
2 disc's.
It is amazing how China was.
I hope one day She becomes great again.
PS Japan goo👏👏👏
It is interesting about Zhuge Liang. He wasn't that talented with military affairs but when it came to civil affairs, there were very few who were equal to him in that regard (Xun Yu, Zhang Zhao, Zhong Yao, Fei Yi) and if you want my honest opinion, that's the more impressive feat.
Huang Yue Ying should not be an ugly girl. By saying "My ugly daughter" it could be a very common way in Chinese culture to be a modesty behavior. Like the ancient Chinese would describe their son my "犬子"(dog son) when introducing to other people. Rich people would call his fancy mansion my "陋室/寒舍"(ugly/poor house) when treatying guests with good hospitality.
So in reality Huang Yue Ying could be just a normal looking or even a beautiful girl.
謝謝！
Let's us not forget there is an anime where Lu Bu is reincarnated with one of his generals as a small girl but she's still hyper violent
Wait really? tell me the name then
@@samudera8782 I think it is Ryofuku Lu Bu
I once tried drawing a Hang Tuah comic inspired HEAVILY by Dynasty Warriors back in school.
Zhuge Liang is the brightest man ever born
your channel is epic
Kongming is like the Producer from Idolm@ster!
I think Son Wukong deserves his own anime, where he is portrayed by himself and not by some alien super Sayan.
I watched the 1964 Havoc in Heaven and am astonished by the chinese animation back in the days
@@Zenocius I'm guessing its good then?
20:40 That scene reminds me of something I saw heavily historically-influenced sci-fi series, “Legend of the Galactic Heroes”. One of the main characters is a genius admiral named Yang Wen-li, and he is deeply feared by his faction’s corrupt political leadership because they have convinced themselves that his popularity with the military and the people poses a direct threat to their power. Yang is fully aware of this, and this in turn makes him strangely grateful that the enemy nation is led by a genius military commander as well, since even as short-sighted and selfish as his country’s politicians are, they can’t afford to get rid of him while such a powerful foe is at the gates.
Thank you very much for this I wanted to know more about kongming hahahah will probably continue reading rtk book in all versions 😂
I laughed when you said there is no other person eiko can end up with except kongming hahahhaha ship yieet
Hope yo know more about lady huang though
Hey can you please do some videos on Ming China? I think this period is very interesting and generally neglected by most historians
Zhou Yu must be criminally underrated.
The fate Zhuge Liang (Waver Velvet) is also a good copy of zhuge
Plus he got a magic fan.
While I do agree that he was better as an administrator than as a military commander, I can't really bring myself to say that he was a bad commander either. From reading about his Northern expeditions I don't really see it being due to incompetence on his part but mostly due to the situations beyond his control.
A character in Detective Conan written by Gosho Aoyama manga author, Taka'aki Morofushi (諸伏 高明) also has nickname Kongming, and he also thinks that Edogawa Conan, the main character, is the young version of Zhuge Liang.
In fact, Zhuge Liang did not set traps on the battlefield, but he practiced fair politics and enriched people's lives. and The Yuan and Qing dynasties were dynasties conquered by foreigners in the north, and the Song and Ming dynasties had officials who collected heavy taxes and lived luxurious lives. It is not hard to imagine that this novel had a historical background with Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang as the main characters. Like Robin Hood and the Three Musketeers, and the Star Wars. It's about people banding together to defeat a bad official. There's no reason it won't be popular. Drama is also felt in the scene where a lower military officer who received an unreasonable order kills his superior in retaliation. Please read it once.
Very interesting how Japanese call him Kong Ming.
From what I seen most Vietnamese call him Zhuge Liang or the Vietnamese pronunciation of it: Gia Cát Lượng.
Zhuge Liang single-handedly carry Liu Bei team administration
I read the manga because of you
A Three Kingdoms-inspired novel exists somewhere in my brain, but I'm not so sure I could get it published. What I have in mind isn't really the kind of thing modern publishers seem to be looking for. Maybe I could write it and put it up on a free platform somewhere, though.
大河向東流 天上的星星參北斗啊… 🎶
好期待喔… 😊😊😊
Song Jiang joined the imperial court and fought Fang La, causing heavy casualties. 😭
As Painful as Liu Bei leading to the Battle of Yi Ling. 😭😭
The best part about this is finding out my favorite 3k guy zhao yun was even more a badass the originally thought he should be the man favored for his allegence. Even saved liu bei's infant child.
No matter what, you have to admit that Zhuge Liang was one of the best strategists in Chinese history.
He was the brightest born ever, not only in China but world !!!
Dong Zhuo after he died,,.. he is bringing light..
面白かったです
i think you will explaind us about the moment every episode told. just like when zhuge liang give zhao yun 3 bag.
I think even in romance zhuge predicted weather innit?
Well, not predict, but more like he knew it as common knowledge because he studied farming and shit
No, it was never explained. Romance had quite a bit of supernatural elements actually. Even though it's already massively reduced compared to the folklore version.
tbh, After watching the 1994 adaptation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it felt that Zhuge Liang did predict when the Southeastern Winds would arrive; but to buy time for this to happen, he'd perform Taoist rituals to stamp out Zhou yu's suspicion and impatience
If all the heroes of 3 kingdoms were to stop fighting and work together, Han Dynasty would've entered Americas by 200AD.