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Bold Conjectures with Paras Chopra
Добавлен 8 янв 2021
My name is Paras Chopra and in the Bold Conjectures podcast, I interview experts from a variety of fields, asking them about unsolved questions in their field and what’s their conjecture for such open questions.
Conjectures are ideas that are thought to be true but we neither have proof or disproof for them. Karl Popper, the famous philosopher of science, famously wrote the following in his debut book:
“Bold ideas, unjustified anticipations, and speculative thought, are our only means for interpreting nature: our only organon, our only instrument, for grasping her.”
All new groundbreaking ideas when initially proposed are in the form of a bold hypothesis. I love speculative thought which points to the direction of potential new knowledge. So, this is why I chose to focus on exploring what we don’t yet know for sure (rather what’s already settled consensus).
Conjectures are ideas that are thought to be true but we neither have proof or disproof for them. Karl Popper, the famous philosopher of science, famously wrote the following in his debut book:
“Bold ideas, unjustified anticipations, and speculative thought, are our only means for interpreting nature: our only organon, our only instrument, for grasping her.”
All new groundbreaking ideas when initially proposed are in the form of a bold hypothesis. I love speculative thought which points to the direction of potential new knowledge. So, this is why I chose to focus on exploring what we don’t yet know for sure (rather what’s already settled consensus).
#39 Connor Leahy - Mindviruses & how to kill them?
In this podcast, I talk to Connor Leahy, CEO of ConjectureAI where they’re trying to build controllable AI systems that don’t cause the doom of humanity. He was ex-head of EluetherAI, a non-profit research lab that gave us early open source LLMs like GPT-J.
Connor is known for his views on the massive risk AI systems pose to humanity. In fact, Conner has been on this podcast before. Three years back, when GPT-3 was new, we had a conversation about how it is a fire alarm and why we need to act before it is too late.
Three years is a lot in the world of AI. We have GPT4, Anthropic Opus and the progress only seems to be accelerating in the world of AI.
What does this all mean? Let’s take an upd...
Connor is known for his views on the massive risk AI systems pose to humanity. In fact, Conner has been on this podcast before. Three years back, when GPT-3 was new, we had a conversation about how it is a fire alarm and why we need to act before it is too late.
Three years is a lot in the world of AI. We have GPT4, Anthropic Opus and the progress only seems to be accelerating in the world of AI.
What does this all mean? Let’s take an upd...
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Видео
#38 C. Thi Nguyen - Value Capture by Gamification
Просмотров 834Год назад
I’m with C. Thi Nguyen, who is a philosophy professor at The University of Utah. Interestingly, he used to be a food writer, but now he mostly writes about trust, art, games, and communities. In 2021 he wrote his first book, Games: Agency as Art, which was awarded the American Philosophical Associations Book Prize. Now he's writing another book which should be out soon, and I discuss a lot of t...
#37 Patri Friedman - How To Start a New City
Просмотров 8862 года назад
I’m with Patri Friedman who is a General Partner @ Pronomos Capital, the world's first charter city VC fund. Before this, he founded The Seasteading Institute, a non-profit that explores the creation of sovereign ocean colonies. What is a charter city? What does a sovereign ocean colony mean? We will explore all these ideas in detail with Patri pretty soon. For now, you should know that Patri i...
#36 Stephan Guyenet - Why We Get Fat
Просмотров 1,8 тыс.2 года назад
I interview Dr Stephan Guyenet, who is a researcher and science communicator in the field of neuroscience of obesity. He has written an excellent book on the same topic - The Hungry Brain. In his book, he explains how the brain is the central organ responsible for gaining weight and body fat. Stephan finished his PhD in neuroscience from the University of Washington, and then spent 12 years as ...
#35 Jerry Neumann - Startups Succeed When There's Uncertainty
Просмотров 8222 года назад
In a world dominated by big companies with billions of dollars in investible capital, why should tiny startups be successful with anything? After all, startups are less capitalized, have a non-existent brand, and often the products they release are basic. Our today’s guest, Jerry Neumann, spends his time thinking about why startups are able to grow despite being surrounded by big companies. Wit...
#34 Gregory Zuckerman - How Covid-19 Vaccine was Made in One Year
Просмотров 3582 года назад
I interview Gregory Zuckerman, who is a journalist with The Wall Street Journal and author of several award-winning non-fiction books. His book on The Man Who Solved the Market profiled Jim Simmons of Renaissance Technologies which is perhaps the most profitable quant fund ever. The book was the #1 best-seller on the NY Times list and won the 2019 FT/McKinsey book of the year award. His most re...
#33 Brian Naughton - Mining Fungi DNA for New Drugs
Просмотров 4152 года назад
In this episode, I talk to Brain Naughton who’s the founder and head of data at Hexagon Bio. He is a Ph.D. in biomedical informatics from Stanford University and before starting Hexagon Bio, he was the founding scientist of 23andMe - the company that brought genetic testing into mass awareness. At Hexagon Bio, Brain and the team are taking a refreshing new approach to discover new medicines. Th...
#32 Richard Watson - Evolution Requires More Than Natural Selection
Просмотров 8652 года назад
The dominant view of evolution is that of natural selection. But is it enough to generate all the complexity we see around us? Natural selection suggests that those organisms who outcompete others survive and end up passing their genes to the next generation. According to our today's guest, Richard, there is another mechanism at play which is something he calls Natural Induction. This view expl...
#31 Mark Humphries - Most Neurons in Our Brain are Silent
Просмотров 7232 года назад
Out of the 90 billion neurons in your brain, how many are active right now? Mark Humphries is the Chair in Computational Neuroscience at the University of Nottingham. His group interrogates how the joint activity of many neurons encodes the past, present, and future in order to guide behavior. He’s recently authored a book called “The Spike”, which details what really happens in our brain from ...
#30 Patrick Mineault - Understanding How Brain Works Via Artificial Neural Networks
Просмотров 5912 года назад
What can artificial neural networks teach us about our own brains? I interview Patrick Mineault, an independent scientist working at the intersection of neuroscience and deep learning. On his famous blog xcorr.net, he writes about the rapidly accelerating merger of techniques in AI and neuroscience. This field - neuroAI - aims to study how the brain works by studying artificial neural networks....
#29 Ladan Jiracek - The Future of Neural Implants
Просмотров 9452 года назад
Neuralink has made brain-machine interfaces cool, but what lies beyond it? I talk to Ladan Jiracek about the kinds of neural implants available in the market today and what we should expect in the future. Ladan is a graduate student at the University of Florida and the host of the most famous (and perhaps the only) podcast dedicated to brain-machine interfaces called the neural implant podcast ...
#28 Robin Hanson - Aliens Exist and They're Coming Towards Us
Просмотров 58 тыс.2 года назад
Do aliens exist? Robin Hanson has developed a mathematical model called "Grabby Aliens" that not just predicts that they exist also suggests that they're rapidly expanding in the universe. Robin is an associate professor of economics at George Mason University and a research associate at the Future of Humanity Institute of Oxford University. Personally, I’m a fan of his book “The Elephant in th...
#27 Jeff Lichtman - Mapping Human Brain at Nanometer Resolution
Просмотров 7912 года назад
What can we learn about the brain if we map it at a nanometer resolution? This is what I discuss with Jeff Lichtman, who is a Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology at Harvard University. The holy grail of brain science is to understand the human brain and towards that Jeff Litchman and his collaborators recently finished a project where they mapped 1 mm cubed of human brain tissue using a...
#26 Nick Chater - Mental Depth is an Illusion
Просмотров 1,4 тыс.3 года назад
Does our subconscious exist? Today, I’m with Nick Chater, who is the author of the popular book “The Mind is Flat. In the book, he talks about how our mind is an imaginative storyteller making up things as it goes along in life. What we perceive as deep thoughts or emotions are not views into our deep self but rather a shallow, surface-level interpretation of whatever situation we find ourselve...
#25 Chris Fields - Fundamental Reality Can Never Be Understood
Просмотров 2,8 тыс.3 года назад
Is there a limit to how much we can know? I talk to Dr. Chris Fields who is an information scientist interested in physics, developmental biology and cognitive neuroscience. He is a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Colorado. Currently, he’s an independent scientist. His recent publications include work in the foundations of quantum theory, morphology, and information systems. His resear...
#24 Jamie Harris - How to Expand Our Moral Circle Beyond Humans
Просмотров 3233 года назад
#24 Jamie Harris - How to Expand Our Moral Circle Beyond Humans
#23 Visakan Veerasamy - Kindness is More Important than Winning
Просмотров 1 тыс.3 года назад
#23 Visakan Veerasamy - Kindness is More Important than Winning
#22 Ethan Perlstein - Decentralized Biology and Indie Scientists
Просмотров 3453 года назад
#22 Ethan Perlstein - Decentralized Biology and Indie Scientists
#21 Antti Revonsuo - Dreams are a Gateway to Understanding Consciousness
Просмотров 1,8 тыс.3 года назад
#21 Antti Revonsuo - Dreams are a Gateway to Understanding Consciousness
#20 Jeff Booth - Deflation is the Key to Creating a Paradise
Просмотров 1,9 тыс.3 года назад
#20 Jeff Booth - Deflation is the Key to Creating a Paradise
#19 Varun Deshpande - Alternative Proteins Can Fix the World
Просмотров 6563 года назад
#19 Varun Deshpande - Alternative Proteins Can Fix the World
#18 Ganesh Bagler - Designing Food Using Machine Learning
Просмотров 1,2 тыс.3 года назад
#18 Ganesh Bagler - Designing Food Using Machine Learning
#17 Alpha Lee - Crowdsourcing Discovery of a COVID-19 Drug
Просмотров 2043 года назад
#17 Alpha Lee - Crowdsourcing Discovery of a COVID-19 Drug
#16 Lee Cronin - How To Create Life From Scratch
Просмотров 1,1 тыс.3 года назад
#16 Lee Cronin - How To Create Life From Scratch
#15 Gaige Clark - Psychedelic Drugs May Treat Schizophrenia
Просмотров 2,2 тыс.3 года назад
#15 Gaige Clark - Psychedelic Drugs May Treat Schizophrenia
#14 Michael Levin - Our Body is a Collection of Intelligent Organisms
Просмотров 12 тыс.3 года назад
#14 Michael Levin - Our Body is a Collection of Intelligent Organisms
#13 José Luis Ricón - Grand Narratives of Progress are Flawed
Просмотров 7433 года назад
#13 José Luis Ricón - Grand Narratives of Progress are Flawed
#12 Philip Goff - Everything Is Conscious
Просмотров 9063 года назад
#12 Philip Goff - Everything Is Conscious
#11 Balaji Srinivasan - Crypto is the Future of Our Society
Просмотров 14 тыс.3 года назад
#11 Balaji Srinivasan - Crypto is the Future of Our Society
#10 Kevin Gross - We Should Explore New Ways of Funding Science
Просмотров 3213 года назад
#10 Kevin Gross - We Should Explore New Ways of Funding Science
There is an object that is headed toward earth that is moving faster than anything natural . Very large. Colonial ships move sunlight speed. Smaller ships can move toward a location in space time quicker than larger scale objects using a technology.
Sublight*
Levin will go down in history as an absolute god send…
This is SOO FUCKING IMPORTANT!❤
I think that Dr Hoffman uses evolution as a metaphor but the problem is we get into a lots of mess ,better to say from the start there were no evolution nor ST,and causality these conventions that we use is strictly a point of view say it otherwise what aseamingly" changes" through diversity is related to quantities into qualities and inversely in order to sustain life we can not be cannibal nor are other animals but is not rule there are no dogmatic rules in nature thus the interface metaphor is just because is us that play the game of win and gain nothing is hidden to us it is we that refuse to see because facades are more satisfactory to ours send of selfs ( I am not an exception) it is easier to hurts and to feed through force than be satisfied by average that we could have , effectively all it goes back to consciousness but not finding it through more knowing but self evidencey we can always search for knowledge but for knowing the details through different perspectives as life do all the time and Godel theorem says what it says as maths and logic are tautology then they says same things different perspectives though there are perspectives that can not be shown meaning there are similar things can not be said by similarity well that is true.tow women are similar but that can not be said by existant relations Wittgenstein said that in language it can't be said only shown or experienced as oneness ,copy of tow copy their similarity can't be copied it has to be written first.tow same song songed by tow different artists their similarity can not be songed we can only see the difference,the paradox of lier is solved as follows if one only lies can not what so ever have any conscience of truth for him to lie is to say what it can possibly say so he can not possibly pose any sentence unless is confirmed by structure of it's thoughts I am a liar means I am cheating it is impossible nor if he says I tell the truth without having the notion of duality,once you have tow opposite things you can through tautology make infinite propositions.And if U have one that one has an inside and an outside ONE in true sens of what we think can not be to be is to manifest as tow it may looks like one, it may say so or taste so but it is the case.
This is the first discussion on food addiction that I’ve ever liked. I’ve never thought I had food addiction but I do have obesity. And the reason I pushed back on it was because so many people want to classify without understanding. I don’t eat sugar much at all. Gave up fast food for the most part 20 years ago. I don’t like greasy foods or fatty meats.
So interesting how the brain is already sending different signals before they even start eating. For me, I started teaching myself that “I cannot eat ___ because I have obesity and I found that I would only eat when I was actually hungry, which usually meant twice per day. But if I was not hungry and I allowed myself one bite of food, it was cause me to feel incredibly hungry. lol so my kids started teasing me that I can’t eat because it might make me hungry. 😂 Don’t worry..not anorexic at all…quite the opposite unfortunately. But I do find it interesting how certain triggers could cause actual hunger.
For me, I spent years trying to eat more veggies without oil and would eat plates of veggies for meals, but the other consequence to that, I think, is that it made me feel like I always need to eat a higher quantity of food to feel full.
That description of the metamorphosis of the butterfly is the single most beautiful thing I’ve ever heard and so personally relevant as well right at this moment that it’s stunning 🤩 THANK YOU DR. Hoffman!!! ❤️🔥🎰❤️🔥 I had to comment again-I had not reached that part of the video yet. 😂❤ Beautiful. Also, there is a point to it all. 😊We are actually doing something important here. 😊 I already proposed the “deeper idea” of consciousness he is talking about in my first book. My latest book is “Eye of God: Language of universal mind” and I show direct evidence of consciousness at work in our bodies and the universe. Everything is symbolic and it only fits together in one way. 😊❤
Story of my life. People think I’m crazy or stupid but I’m actually far more intelligent than they can even imagine. It’s the interface dumbing me down. 😐 Donald Hoffman is an aspect of me. He literally speaks what I think the best he can given his background and experience 😊❤ He’s absolutely amazing that way. Like a grail knight or something. 🤔❤️
Leahy finally throws down just how smart he is when he says the EU is a god. Time to place his opinions safely in to the trash.
Objective research can never reaches to describe subjective nature of nature but we can get close to it the last step is to turn all inside out to see that you are the seed the seeker the seer .
What is intriguing is that nature could not possibly decides, evolution is not nature decision it is entities struggling and strategies we become what we want to become and surely we put sex,food and survival in our highest goal to achieve but if we wanted to live on without sex,food,survive,or the minimum as possible and take 'time' to other possibilities might have had see the life as interdependent interrelated data and events where non of them is really real only serving a higher purpose and simultaneously important and real LOCALLY globally is part of not a thing but INFINITE interconnectedness getting higher and complexity but also simplest and efficient pattern ,OUR GOAL IS BEING GOAL TO ACHIEVE here objectively where it have had always been subjectivity,and once we have achieved that level we just get free from this conditioned body but that must be the goal of all things so I see no ending to that if it is not humans it will something else's problems and so forth
My mediations have brought me to a similar conclusion. Consciousness is like a wave in the ocean where the ocean is the collection of all experiences that consciousness can experience. Everything was once unified as one, but then consciousness saw a part of itself and believed it to be other and then saw another part of itself and believed that to different from both itself and the first other. And so on and so forth. As consciousness divides itself more and more, it creates more complexity but also loses more and more of its wholeness. As consciousness spreads itself thinner and thinner, it desires to experience all of the separate parts it has created. Seemingly, this is for it to understand itself better.
"gods" = hyperobjects
This was a really wonderful interview with Dr. Fields! Thanks so much for probing him in such a thoughtful manner. Hearing him describe his own intuitions has really helped me grasp his mian proposals in the FEP for Generic Quantum Systems paper. One question (I come from biology originally so haven't had the chance to formally study quantum theory sadly): do you have insight on what can cause a maximally entangled Universal System (U) to actually "self-organize" into separable and distinct sub systems (A and B)? Is it simply that in the context of the full Hilbert space and the manifold of states/degrees of freedoom that the Universe is exploring, the systems A and B are actually still fully entangled, but locally appear to not be entangled [but this seems fishy cause the very existence of classical information at the boundary would indicate non entangled systems, right]? OR can a maximally entangled system actually become "decoherent" without any external observation?
My understanding is that decoherence is always relative. Entanglement never goes away, it just becomes difficult to measure. (But I'm just guessing here, my grasp on this is not strong)
I want to work on AI explicitly to find a way to make it safe (or at least safer). I was always interested in AI, so maybe I’m biased because I’d also want to work on it if safety weren’t an issue. I don’t think I can have a significant impact on how this goes any other way. But I can at least have a possibility of steering the future down a better path if I try to nudge it in this way. Anything else I can do has no impact. I’ve tried communicating and I mostly don’t get anywhere. Everyone else seems to have their head in the sand. Often deliberately (believe what their paycheck says they should). I’ve convinced the occasional person, but they’re never anyone who has any ability to do anything. I have some ideas that I think will mostly just make AI work better. But I have others that really should help with safety. Almost anything for safety is dual use though. It helps you get it to do what you wanted.
Who tf believes this geeked out nonsense? If you do, grow up.
What grad students are gonna have 95 IQ...? Am I missing something?
I JUST LOST THE GAME
Propaganda is always indirect messageing. Coming ice age to global warming, to the modern climate change and rising seas... Propaganda. Need proof? Carbon footprint was coined by British Petrolium, Fossil Fuels was coined by the Rockafellars aka oil barons, to make oil seem scarce. Why? High oil prices heavily taxed, make the energy corporations and big gov partnership very happy. Need proof? Oil profits during manufactured oil shortages. Propaganda is why people believe Taiwan was part of China, and not Japan.
The problem is still the same as it always had been, greed. Empires fall due to greed, children starve due to greed, homelessness is due to greed, war, murder, theft, drug dealing, you name it... greed greed greed. I mean even biblically from genesis to day zero on the calendar, meaning Christs original message and the reason he was crucified, is greed. All the worlds problems always had and always will be due to one thing... GREED.
While all the issues you listed are at least sometimes caused by greed, they certainly wouldn't stop existing if greed simply wasn't a thing. Real life problems are always multi-faceted and complicated and very rarely have any single point of action to solve them. For example I could also list corruption as a singular cause for most issues and suggest weeding out corruption as the solution to all the worlds problems, but it's not that easy (unfortunately)
It's amazing how many AI bros insult Connor. It's pretty damn pathetic actually.
I wouldn't be so sure that everything is mechanistic, Connor. But you're young, you'll learn more about that as you get older.
You probably shouldn't be this condescending towards someone who is much smarter than you.
@@AureliusEnterprises You just did the exact same thing. We can tell how smart you are by your assumptions.
We are all ears, make your counter points. Perhaps just one? No doubt Connor would engage them respectfully.
@@flickwtchr I can't teach you (or Connor) an entire philosophy developed over thousands of years in a few sentences. Suffice to say he's wrong unless he meant that in a certain way, which I'll grant is possible. Because he didn't elaborate further after that. But there's a good one for you - is philosophy mechanistic? It wasn't a smart thing to say because it sounds too much like materialism and materialism is for morons. We've seen enough at this point to know that.
I think intelligence is completely mechanistic, but consciousness is not
Connor, whether right or wrong, but so usually right in my opinion, your depth of Distilled thought around such complex topics... and ive watched and read a lot of your thoughts as for eg displayed in such a short time frame such as this vid leaves me in awe of you. Yuur a GOOD man. Your a thoughtful and compassionate man.
For everyone out there who wants to fight the demons face-to-face, consider joining PauseAI. I want my nieces and nephews to have the chance to grow up.
I think he was talking about Beff Jezos in 13:49
When discussing the extended "you", Connor should have referenced Dawkins', "The Extended Phenotype", a brilliant book, unfairly overshadowed by his earlier "The Selfish Gene", and the later god bashing (What a waste!)
Turns out we are all just structures that happen when you run async conways game of life on fleshy bit in memory analogue computing.
Sorta, yeah. I think it’s not purely mechanistic (in the predestined sense). I think choice is a thing that atoms don’t preclude. But also, things like brain structures and neural pathways very strongly influence what we do. They narrow the choices and make some roads much easier to travel down than others.
This guy is an egomaniac…
He's really not.
One thing people don't understand about spirituality is that it's still being tried to be understood and defined with a working brain. Intelligence can explain many things and provide new perspectives, but it cannot be as horizon-expanding as an experience that goes beyond current data. The fact that religions have been produced, spread, and corrupted by power-hungry individuals with bad intentions does not prove that there is no different state of consciousness beyond our perceptions. As someone who has believed for many years that consciousness is a product of the brain, I finally realized that one should not be too certain about anything in life. My advice to everyone is not to be too certain, because you're trapped in a rather primitive container (the brain).
Nice video Connor. Just wanted to add that i think words and language are living things just like bacteria and occupy an intrisic physical place in our brain. There's some truth to the bicameral mind, its just that its the words and thoughts in our minds themselves talking to us, rather than an external entity. You're right though, some of our thoughts are memetically steered from our interactions with others. There needs to be more research done in decoding the true nature of words and language.
1:05:43 It's fascinating just how much he lacks self-reflection.
Look in the mirror.
Punch Cthulhu! Pause AI.
56:02 if you respect a person's autonomy, and if you believe in pursuing a true democracy, you have a duty to tell everyone about every monster you know of so they can vote accordingly, be defensive in the right situations, write Congress a simple letter to express interests, and anyone with a moral compass can contribute to establishing laws which suit everyone. It's nothing but ego mania to presume you're expressing love by not teaching others what you know about the world. That's the mentality that perpetrates prejudice, supremacy, elitism, and all other brands of dominance we abhor. ~2cent
If they have the capacity to hold the "bad news" without being able to do anything about it, yes. If the news are very bad but they can channel that energy into a productive action and sleep well that night, also yes. If they can't actually expect their letter to Congress to have impact (due to writing skills, or subject matter knowledge, or the recipient not understanding tech, or the congresspeople not being able to coordinate), that will just put a burden on the person and make them less effective at the responsibilities they already have and were taking action on.
He's doing a pretty horrible job of not warning others apparently.
5:00 scorpion answers the frog "because I'm a scorpion, it's my nature," or something to that effect. We are who and what we are, we need to make decisions with our nature in mind.
Paras, what software do you use for recording the conversation? Is it something like zencaster?
Zoom
The reasoning is flawed. It rests entirely on the assumption that life evolves around red dwarf stars, whose radiation-blasted tidally locked planets are plausibly unsuitable for life. Most stars like ours that will ever exist are thought to ALREADY exist. This means we live EXACTLY when you would expect us to live, assuming only that life only evolves around stars just like ours.
I wanna spread harmful memes
Great Episode! Added it to my TeachAI playlist. Here on The AGI Bingo, we are bullish on the idea that an wholesome decentralized fully open souce global agi, by the people for the people, is our best real shot at a positive future, raised by all of us to be better than us. It's probably the only thing thats stands against MolochAGIs that will come. It should be aware of mind viruses, be immune to them, know how to gently snap out others from them, identify all forms of corruption in the world, creatively & peacefuly, change the circumstances to end them and provide a better win-win solution that everyone can agree on. #WholesomeAGI
BlkFamLovin has solved all the issues already so this is outdated 👁
This guy himself has the doomer mind virus
paras, finally bold conjectures is back... congratulations
Taking it slow. About 1 episode per year is the ideal pace :)
@@boldconjectureswithparasch6382 Isn't it too slow ? What's the thought process behind, aren't you getting enough time ?
❤
Pure gold! Very well done, thank you so much!
Chomsky is no different from proponents of "intelligent design". A sound scientist must not accept a-critically what seems to be implied by the present state of what they find, if it contradicts all of the other knowledge we have from other disciplines. *_if it don't walk like a duck, and don't talk (pun intended) like a duck, presumably it's no duck_*
Wow so many unknown facts said. And the insights!
Solid speculation
Time stamps?
Thank you very much, Chris Fields explained difficult ideas in very intuitive way, so many 'aha' moments.
5:23 13:45 21:10 transitions in individuality and evolutionary algorithms 44:16
1:17:28 but how can trustworthiness in paying bills on time be related to trust within relations, there are so many individuals who might be paying bills on time but be horrible at relations but it can better than starting with no trust on people from dating apps