GASSEOUS EXCHANGE IN HUMANS | HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM |10TH BIOLOGY | CHAPTER 10 | LEC NO 4

Gas exchange in humans is a vital physiological process that occurs in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream. In the lungs, tiny air sacs called alveoli provide a large surface area for efficient diffusion. During inhalation, oxygen enters the bloodstream, binding to hemoglobin in red blood cells, while carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the alveoli for exhalation. This oxygenation of blood is crucial for cellular function, powering metabolism. The process is regulated by the respiratory center in the brain, ensuring a delicate balance in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels essential for maintaining homeostasis.
The human respiratory system comprises organs and tissues responsible for breathing and gas exchange. It includes the lungs, bronchi, trachea, and diaphragm. During inhalation, air travels through the airways to the alveoli, where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. This essential process supports cellular functions and metabolic activities.
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