How to make Roads with Nukes - Nuclear explosions For Peace
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- Опубликовано: 13 июл 2022
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When you think of nuclear explosions the last thing you think of is building roads, canals, habours etc., but thats excatly what they tried doing and not for just a few years but for nearly two decades so in this video we look at the peacful uses for nuclear weapons.
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Written, Researched and Presented by Paul Shillito
Images and footage : US DoD, Lawrence Livermore Lab, Atomic Energy commission
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I believe it was Scott Manley who described Project Plowshare as "If you're a hammer, every problem looks like a nail, and if you're a nuclear weapons engineer, every problem looks like it needs to be nuked."
That engineer would be Ed Teller, Scott did say that (maybe slightly differently) in his video the craziest things you can do with a nuclear bomb. For Soviet Russia, that is philosophy of the Ministry of Hammers.
11:20 do we really want that alien-looking KKK-hoodie-wearing baby to grow up in peace? 😂😂
Sorry, but seriously that baby looks like a KKK meme lol
I'm superglad to see some Scott Manley fans here though
Try out some AlphaPhoenix, 74 Gear, Nile (red) vids, Active Self Protection and Donut Operator vids too
Have any other recs for me, anyone who sees this?
😂😂
Ah, but these weren't weapons...they were 'peaceful' atoms! Lol!
So am I understanding the bit about the Russian gas well correctly? It was venting 11,000,000 cubic meters of gas a day for 3 years? That is absolute insanity to think about the volume of that gas pocket
Because natural gas doesn't form in "pockets", if you're picturing a huge underground cavity full of gas. It's a very large region of porous rock that could extend for hundreds of square miles.
@@newq Natural gas can sometimes be found in prison pockets
Also have to consider that the gas is compressed in by the earth and expands when released
Consider the amount of methane that leaked to the atmosphere. 84 times more potent than CO2 as a greenhouse gas.
@@ChemEDan horrifyingly, long metal shanks have also been found in said pockets.
Oh yes I remember the image where they lower a nuke into a bore hole and one guy wears flip flops with a hard hat - emblematic for the mad gung-ho approach to nuclear weapons of the time. 😅
OSHA safety regulators would have a heart attack
Proper Chinese work boots they are!
@@user-hx5qv4kd6 Overly enthusiastic?
@@user-hx5qv4kd6 I know exactly what it means, do you? Or maybe you just didnt understand the video or dobt know anything about the topic at hand?
Holy shit... I've been saying "gun ho" my whole life... had no idea it was gung-ho, lol
2:51 the successive stacking of the documents, pamphlets etc made me laugh 😂
What a fascinating video. I knew they were experimenting with digging mines by using nukes to loosen the ground but I had no idea about the rest of this. Fantastic research, writing, editing, and presenting.
By the way, I hope you're doing well after the health thing you mentioned in previous videos. My dad beat his and he's been healthy for 6 years now. I hope you're able to do the same.
I'm old and uneducated, but In hindsight I see the that people have always been using newspapers to tell the story. It breaks my heart.
Gives a new meaning to nuclear engineering.
Oh what do you do?
"I irradiate soil for civilian purposes.
Lovely early retirement plan too."
@JZ's BFF from that same time period we also have "atomic gardening". Just sprinkle some cobalt 60 over the field to mutate the hell out of those plants and then select the useful ones. Small wonder they didn't use it for cattle breeding.
@@JonatasAdoM "irradiate soil for civilian purposes" that was an actual thing
@@DeHerg Lovely when a joke turns out to be true.
Another major reason why nuclear detonations for civilian purposes wasn't pursued further was security.
In a civilian setting the safeguarding of the nuclear explosive is much harder to guarantee than in a military one (and thus much more expensive than conventional explosives).
The NTBT didn't help either of course, though no doubt ways around that could have been found by classifying the explosions as not being tests at all.
That might be true, but ultimately it was the money. These were actually pretty expensive devices to detonate. Apparently, conventional explosives were more cost effective, especially considering cleanup of radioactive materials.
@@bobdobbs69 and that extra cost is in large part because of the security procedures surrounding nuclear materials.
@@jwenting I certainly hope so. Don't want any more 'broken arrows' out there!
Hope you are feeling better and fully recovered! Amazing content as always :)
From what I've heard, oil leaks from the ground
A science fiction movie of those times (called "Crack on the World") shows both the idea of using nuclear explosions for other things than wars and the weariness (and even fear) that such uses could entail.
Hope your health is well. Good to see another video
This remembers to me a SF movie, "Crack in the World" of 1965, where a group of scientist uses a nuclear warhead to reach molten lava under the surface, starting dangerous earthquakes ( by the way a good old sf movie)
"its like its spiting the world!"
That'sa a great one.
Crack in the World? I think I’ll look for it!
I have seen a similar opening but I'm sure it was a newer movie.
The scene took place under Moscow and they too were looking for something, but with drills instead
@@jackjones9460 I think you'll enjoy it.
Good to see you do another video Paul! Love your videos.
You mention the dangers of handling and transporting TNT . My grandmother was a little girl in Bradford, PA back in the 1930s and 40s. She said in 1941 a truck that came through town carrying a 125 gallons of nitro glycerine for use in the oil extraction industry. Once it went through about a few miles down the road on Marshburg Hill it exploded for unknown reasons. Left something close to a 50 foot crater, annihilated the surrounding woods and rural area. And sent a shockwave so powerful it blew out windows for over 30 miles in circumference around the incident site at all elevations. Said local newspapers described the remains of everything "being blown to atoms." There was also another incident at a Torpedo manufacturing plant in 1950 that had a much bigger explosion. These incidents were what contributed to the heavy regulation of explosives in the US.
There was a truck hauling explosives that was destroyed when the teamsters of the time were going after the scab workers during a strike. Both directions of I-44 were destroyed in Missouri.
@@hokutoulrik7345 Yes that happened close to where I live in Springfield, MO. I believe it occurred somewhere between Springfield and Mount Vernon, MO which is about 20 miles down 44 from here.
125 gallons of nitroglycerine on a truck... absolutely bonkers.
You think that's ANYWHERE near as bad as nuclear bombs? You have some serious reading to do, because that little incident would be forgotten in a milisecond if you all ever had to deal with a NUCLEAR explosion, or even its fallout.
@@shawnpitman876 The difference is that a nuclear bomb can be transported in a configuration where a nuclear explosion is impossible, so accidental detonation wouldn't happen.
Of course you'd still have to deal with the fallout from the desired detonation site, which is probably the main reason that these projects were halted.
How the hell did we even make it out of the 1960s?
Very interesting. Also interesting how deranged this all sounds now.
@@DATo_DATonian Possibly but at greater cost in terms of radiation.
@@BensWorkshop An efficient nuke should burn almost all its fissile material.
@@DATo_DATonian OMG I hope you're a teenager and not a politician!
@@DAndyLord but people are too afraid to perfect it.
@@jackbro1188 There's nothing to perfect. You're obliterating any life within the blast radius.
Excellent format and production! Loads of well researched info presented in a systemattic and calm way. Love it!
I really want that Black and White Paisley shirt. Looking sharp, Paul.
Pleasure to watch as always. So informative and easy to digest! This channel is about quality over quantity
We need to build like, two Orion ships just to get two cities worth of space infrastructure out of the gravity well. With that foothold established we can then confine ourselves to only using nuclear explosion drive in space.
id just like to say droid i really enjoy you videos, better than tv
Paul, exellent video with some ''new footage''. Thank you.
Nice concept! I like the way you think. All good wishes, my friend.
This was a really good video, very well done!
Hey man, great to see you back with a new vid, and you're looking fit and well too!
I remember reading about the Plowshare Program when I was but a callow youth and being fascinated by it. This was, of course, pre-Threads and When The Wind Blows!
I imagined us building harbours, airfields (London's New Airport in the sea near Southend), and all sorts of huge projects. Since the residual radiation levels at Hiroshima and Nagasaki were low, and the much-talked-about Tatical Nukes were also going to be low residual ("An army can walk through in thirty minutes"), I foresaw all kinds of new things. Even controlled explosions to power spacecraft.
Of course, this was not to be. They couldn't get it right. I wonder if it will ever be looked at again.
Again, excellent vid sir! Keep em coming!
as always a great video. Thanks Paul.
Your Channel make my days much better thx droid
hope your getting better for us ! WE NEED YOU AN WE LOVE YA M8 ! STAY STRONG ! your content is unrivaled.
That was really interesting. Now I want to know the history of how oil and natural gas was discovered in the first place. I hope you do a video on it :D
Well, a man was shooting at some food, and out of the ground came bubblin' crude.... the rest is history.
Like everything else
By accident
How do you think invention are made. By some guy messing around with stuff he doesn’t understand. To understand it. People seem to think inventions are “thought up” you can’t think of something that you’ve never seen. We’ve got to where we are now mainly by mistake through evolution and then by intentional accidents ha
It’s amazing!
@@jum5238 Ah yes, the great deeds of the famed Mr. Jed Clampett.
This is very true 14:02. In my native town in Ural there are two huge underground storages for toxic waste created around early 70s for oil refinery (on of the largest in the world). My mom told me a story about the explosions, how they had to leave their houses and felt strong but short earthquake, in the area with zero seismological activity. So strong in fact, that everyone standing person fell in the ground. They told that nuclear blast is good not only because of power but also because of temperature that melt the rock into glass-type material that makes it good isolator from underground waters.
Very interesting info. It took a lot of research to put it together so kudos to you. I'd heard of some of it but not all of it. Also, really like the shirt. Looks good on you.
as usual, one of the most interesting channels on youtube
Great video! Congratulations on 1M subscribers!!!
I remember his eminence David Suzuki going absolute nuts about these projects many years ago. I miss the good times.
Thank you for listing the Patreon sponsors early in the video.
Very interesting - and an impressive amount of research!
Thank you for the video
Thank you. Very interesting.
Imagine working in Russian gas fields during one of those fires, desperately trying to to stop it and failing miserably
You think there's no hope to deal with it...before you remember there's one final option
blyat get ze nuke
You make me wonder now what would happen had they not had nukes
@@JonatasAdoM would probably still be burning en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darvaza_gas_crater
@@brynclarke1746 You're acting like the only explosive in the world are nukes. Other explosives could have achieved the same result.
@@shawnpitman876 they used a 30kT device though, I imagine that's not an amount of conventional explosives you can easily get down a borehole
Yay new upload 😄😄
🤯Wow the last time l watch u u had like few thousand subs. Now over a million? Congrats u truly deserve it 👏✌👽
I hit Like before I watch it, never disappointed.
Great to see you back up on your feet, hope you are healing up! Kind thoughts sent from Denmark...
Fascinating, thanks.
Hope your health is well love the content thank you!
3:30 haha, that weird hair moving around on the old film reel almost made it seem like a tomahawk axe was being lobbed to that area before exploding like a nuke.
I noticed that too. Had a bit of a chuckle
I had no idea the research around PNEs had been so elaborate. They walked into a nuclear-created cave? You blew my mind right there. The only PNE I knew about was the one used by the Soviets to extinguish an oil well fire in Uzbekistan which you mention in the video.
I love your videos.
Mississippi had nuclear tests in 1964 and '66 as well. They were the only nuclear tests east of the Mississippi river. I call them the forgotten bombs. They exploded them inside of the Tatum salt dome.
source has been verified
hmmm airburst nuclear tests create enough fall out as it is. i know lets stick them in the ground and create the biggest cloud of fall out we can. mad. great vid as all ways sir.
Knowing the "other issues" would really have helped us to learn from this history!
Another top vid
Really ... Mind blowing !
Ah! The nuclear tests taking place in New Mexico. Now it finally makes sense how a maintenance guy working for me had previously worked as a concrete delivery driver, where he took a load out to the Nevada Test Site, whereupon when the load was inspected at the entrance, radioactivity was detected in the load.
It was determined the radioactivity was contained in the fly-ash filler in the concrete; with that fly-ash coming from a coal burning power plant that received the coal from New Mexico; as there were nuclear tests done there. Hearing that was puzzling with me, as I thought all the nuclear tests on US soil were done in Nevada.
Up until this video, the only nuclear tests I was aware of in NM was back in 1945.
Excellent video!
Great Channel, EPIC shirt! 👏
Humanity created a new toy and was eager to use it.
As Leibniz put it: “If an ontological theory implies the existence of two scenarios that are empirically indistinguishable in principle but ontologically distinct ... then the ontological theory should be rejected and replaced with one relative to which the two scenarios are ontologically identical.”
In other words, if a theory describes two situations as being distinct, and yet also implies that there is no conceivable way, empirically, to tell them apart, then that theory contains some superfluous and arbitrary elements that ought to be removed.
Leibniz’s prescription is, of course, widely accepted by most physicists today. The idea exerted a powerful influence over later thinkers, including Poincaré and Einstein, and helped lead to the theories of special and general relativity. And this idea, Spekkens suggests, may still hold further value for questions at the frontiers of today’s physics.
Leibniz’s correspondent
Clarke objected to his view, suggesting an exception. A man riding inside a boat, he argued, may not detect its motion, yet that motion is obviously real enough. Leibniz countered that such motion is real because it can be detected by someone, even if it isn’t actually detected in some particular case. “Motion does not indeed depend upon being observed,” he wrote, “but it does depend upon being possible to be observed ... when there is no change that can be observed, there is no change at all.”
In this, Leibniz was arguing against prevailing ideas of the time, and against Newton, who conceived of space and time in absolute terms. “I have said more than once,” Leibniz wrote, “that I hold space to be something merely relative.”
Einstein, of course, followed Leibniz’s principle when he noticed that the equations of electricity and magnetism make no reference to any absolute sense of motion, but only to relative motion. A conducting wire moving through the field of a magnet seems like a distinct situation from a magnet moving past a stationary wire. Yet the two situations are in fact empirically identical, and should, Einstein concluded, be considered as such. Demanding as much leads to the Lorentz transformation as the proper way to link descriptions in reference frames in relative motion. From this, one finds a host of highly counter-intuitive effects, including time dilation.
Einstein again followed Leibniz on his way to general relativity. In this case, the indistinguishability of two distinct situations - a body at rest in the absence of a gravitational field, or in free fall within a field - implied the impossibility of referring to any concept of absolute acceleration. In a 1922
lecture, Einstein recalled the moment of his discovery: “The breakthrough came suddenly one day. I was sitting on a chair in my patent office in Bern. Suddenly the thought struck me: If a man falls freely, he would not feel his own weight. I was taken aback. This simple thought experiment made a deep impression on me. This led me to the theory of gravity.”
Leibniz now mostly inhabits scientific history books, his ideas receiving scant attention in actual research. And yet, Spekkens argues, Leibniz’s principle concerning indistinguishability may be as useful as ever, especially when confronting foundational issues in physics. Consider the interpretation of quantum theory, where theorists remain separated into two opposing groups, loosely associated with the terms realism and empiricism. Although Leibniz’s principle can’t offer any way to unify the two groups, Spekkens argues, it might help them focus their attention on the most important issues dividing them, where progress might be made.
For example, one particular interpretation comes in the form of so-called pilot-wave theories, in which electrons and other particles follow precise but highly non-classical trajectories under the influence of a quantum potential, which produces the wave-like nature of quantum dynamics. These theories demonstrate by explicit example that nothing in quantum physics prohibits thinking about particles moving along well-defined trajectories. But the theory does require the existence of some absolute rest frame, while also implying that this frame can never be detected. Many other aspects of such theories also remain unconstrained by empirical data. Hence, one might take Leibniz’s principle as coming down against such theories.
On the other hand, Spekkens points out, Leibniz’s principle demands that distinct states be, in Leibniz’s own words, “empirically indistinguishable in principle,” and achieving such certainty is not easy. If several states appear indistinguishable now, future experiments might turn up measurable differences between them. So a proponent of the pilot-wave approach might agree with Leibniz’s principle, but still reject its application just yet. The aim of research, from this point of view, ought to be to seek out such evidence, or at least envision the conditions under which it might be obtained.
And in this sense, Spekkens notes, Leibniz’s principle also offers some criticism of
theorists from the empirical school, who object to pilot-wave or other realist interpretations of quantum theory for containing unmeasurable quantities. It implies, as he puts it, that the empiricists’ “set of mental tools is too impoverished.”
After all, progress in physics often requires imagination, and creative exploration of possible distinguishing features that have not yet been measured, or even thought to exist. Progress requires scientists to “entertain ontological hypotheses, expressed with concepts that are not defined purely in terms of empirical phenomena.”
Science thrives on the essential tension existing at the boundary between empirical observation and unconstrained imagination. Incredibly, Leibniz perceived that more than 300 years ago.
I get it but please stop spamming my favorite channels with the same Leibniz copypasta.
@@yewtoob2007 thanks for reading 📚
Ditto.
Awesome!
I'm glad at least one of those ideas was usable.
Scientists: *uses nukes to move earth*
Also scientists: why is there radiation in this area?
Yeah, but you're forgetting that they didn't learn that UNTIL they fucked up! They used to put soldiers on the ground near the blasts, and have them duck in a foxhole and then GO THROUGH THE CLOUD after the explosion! And, they told those poor soldiers it was safe!
"Regimental Combat Team should be deployed approximately twelve miles from the designated ground zero of an air blast and immediately following the explosion . . . they should move into the burst area in fulfillment of a tactical problem." The exercise "would clearly demonstrate that persistent ionizing radiation following an air burst atomic explosion presents no hazards to personnel and would effectively dispel a fear that is dangerous and demoralizing but entirely groundless."
ehss.energy.gov/ohre/roadmap/achre/chap10_2.html
Don't get me started on what the Soviets did to their troops:
The Soviet military dropped an atomic bomb close to its own troops in the southern Ural mountains 35 years ago in an "exercise" designed to test the ability of troops to fight in a region contaminated by radiation. According to a startling report published today in the daily military newspaper Red Star, there were no fatalities or injuries recorded at the time of the test, but the paper said "long-term effects of the radiation were never taken into account." The blast "eliminated all landmarks on the terrain and the area became unrecognizable," the paper said. The article described terrified young soldiers taking cover from the blast in foxholes and behind low mounds of dirt. The heat of the explosion was so great that it melted tanks "and soon everything was covered with stones, dirt and dead animals."
Thanks Paul that was fascination. Who Knew?
This is the first time I'm watching this channel in 8 months.
Nuclear Roadways
A case for Thunderf00t
Every single one of these actions are followed by the conclusion that "an unexpected giant amount of radioactive material was created", it kinda gets old after a while.
Thanks for a bit of history
Next video: How to make Candy with Napalm
Please do a video on underground nuclear testing!!!
"It seemed like a good idea at the time." Just like CFCs, PCBs, lead additives in fuel and so on.
The Beatles made Life so much fun in the Sixties, and inspired lots of wonderful musicians to do their best as well.
The Sixties also had it's very Dark Side. So many stories.
I wonder what they'll find out in 2070s about our time.
Tiktok
Plastics, pesticides, you name it
@@jarretta2656 no idea about that stuff. The only good thing our current govt did, was to shut that thing down. It is not available in India.
By the 2070's we will all be speaking Chinese, gender neutral with an unsustainable population and Lena Dunham will be god.
I am simple man. See curious droid, click curious droid
Completely bonkers!
lol nice title guess I have to watch this one now
They learned a lot about fusion in these tests
Yay!
Nah
Maybe.
I just got this notification I got to watch the one from days ago.
Solution in search of a problem meets killing a bug with a sledgehammer.
This sounds absolutely insane, because it is.
Sick......
The more advanced the civilization the more energy produced and used per capita. I saw a chart somewhere. And of course the more concentrated the power the more dangerous it becomes. Neither are cause for alarm, only understanding and due diligence.
8:00 Thats why I use SouthWest Gas for me and my family. We don't get that nasty radioactive gas the competitor uses. Helps me keep my home and family safe and clean! 🤣 I mean could you imagine? There you are cooking your meats when the flame starts to cook you, not with heat...oh no were talking radiation. And the microwave is off.
I'm not sure if you are serious or not. In any other western country, using nuked gas would be unthinkable, but in the good'ol USA, they might just be mad enough to do something like that? 🤔
In the 1960's some of the mine operators in the northern parts of Western Australia proposed to use nuclear bombs to break up iron ore deposits. Apparently it would have meant drills and conventional explosives (Ammonium nitrate) wouldn't have been needed for nearly a hundred years....
Very informative and excellently presented.
However, i can't help but wonder why you did not include project Orion and associated topics of nuclear explosions as a means of space propulsion.
You look like Father Martin from Outlast. :)
You know why “If there’s well there’s a way.”? Coz greed will make it possible, no matter what the real cost.
Just thinking out loud, but I'm curious if it would ever be considered being used to put out the mine fires in Centralia PA. I don't think the fires burning are doing enough to warrant it though. As well as the structure of the coal veins are different from a gas main that is basically a straight line.
The Centralia fire could be put out with non-nuclear methods if the political will (ie. money) was there.
I’ve heard that some Australians wanted to use this method to create an ocean-fed lake in the continent interior, as a way of bringing rainfall and transformation to currently unlivable desert.
You can find plans by the US Army Corps of Engineers to use PNE's to build a dam at the Dimond Gorge on the Fitzroy River in WA. I have a copy of them. ;)
thanks for pronouncing nuclear correctly
I would like to point out that "Atoms for Peace" was propelled by the size of the Uranium enrichment industry. To make the single Uranium bomb used in WWII, in just a few years, it took more men and machines that were involved in the automotive industry before the war. The Plutonium used for the other bomb cores made during the wars was just a side project. At the end of WWII, the USA had vast quantities of low enriched Uranium and industry to make a lot more. Nuclear power plants that required this kind of fuel were the only thing that could keep this industry running. After you build enough weapons to destroy the world a hundred times over, you need to find another market for the product.
They didn’t use atomic bombs or anything of the sort to create those craters. All I did was punch the ground with a small percentage of my power. Didn’t want to go overboard.
We need to get back to the level of optimism we had back then. They had a very strong "can do" attitude that I think we should aspire to.
Some might say that shirt is fire, nuclear fire!!!
"Peaceful Nuclear Explosion" = Now that's a politicians acronym if I ever heard one.
Bringing back lead paint because of this.
10:00 Wasn't expecting an appearance by Rowan Atkinson...
My Pers!an friends have been wondering how we can do such a thing in a device that would fit in a backpack
I wonder what kind of communication between governments happened before these tests. I imagine surprise nuclear detonations or radiation concerns aren't appreciated.
Back in the 1960'( when the majority of all nuclear testing was at a zenith) there was no communication prior, because it was virtually impossible to detect underground detonations, and it wasnt until after nuclear tests like Project Dribble, in Mississippi in 1964, that scientists were able to develop the geological monitoring equipment that made it possible to detect underground nuclear explosions, from anywhere in the world, and pin point the origin of the energy waves traveling thru the crust of the planet.
4:50 I know that's a glove, but it also looks like the guy was just handling radioactive material with his hands for too long!
McDonald's is hiring for 18 an hr and we have no domestic solar panel production. The economy during this "transition" is fucked.
Neat