Amazing Grouper Filleting - Grouper Japanese Fish Filleting Skills

Farmed grouper production is growing in Japan, where the fish is popular for winter “nabe” hotpot dishes.
E-gyo is an Uwajima City, Ehime Prefecture-based aquaculture company that promoted farmed grouper at this year’s FOODEX show near Tokyo. “E” stands for Ehime, and “gyo” means fish. The company began grouper culture three years ago. It raises seven-band grouper, also called “convict grouper,” in reference to the striped uniforms once used in U.S. prisons. The species (Epinephelus septemfasciatus) is called “mahata” in Japanese.
Grouper are difficult to raise, as they are sensitive to rapid temperature changes, said Toudou Masayuki, the company’s information manager. “If it gets too hot, they go belly up, floating on the surface,” he said.
Overdependence on grouper could be disastrous in the event of high mortality, so the company raises only about 1,000 fish per year, as a relatively minor part of a mix of species. Its main product is sea bream.
The price has declined over the last three years as more farmed grouper becomes available, according to Toudou. While grouper can grow to huge sizes, the Japanese market favors whole gutted fish averaging 2.5 kilograms at harvest, and these wholesale for about JPY 2,500 per kilogram (USD 27.19, EUR 20.38). The company also sells grouper as vacuum packed skin-on or skin-off fillets, cut-up nabe sets, which include part of the head and fins, and as slices in tray packs.
The growth of grouper farming over the last three years in Japan has resulted in better availability and a doubling of sales. Staff members of Yamaharu, a wholesaler in Tokyo’s Tsukiji fish market, said that when wild is not available, they sell farmed. The taste is the same and there is no difference in retail prices. There is not a market preference for wild grouper in Japan, as there is for other fish, such as bluefin tuna.
Okinawa is a leading region in Japan for grouper production, but Taiwan is the world leader in grouper culture. At last year’s Japan International Seafood & Technology Expo, Tan Hou Ocean Development Co. of Taiwan displayed farmed king grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) and Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus). Main markets include Japan, Hong Kong, China, South Korea and Southeast Asia.
Groupers are protogynous hermaphrodites; they begin mature life as females and later some large groupers change into males. In most grouper species, the fish are adolescent until they reach 3 kilograms, when they become female. At about 10 to 12 kilograms, they turn to male. In wild grouper fisheries, the big males tend to be fished out first, resulting in an imbalance in the sex ratio that hampers reproduction. Captive breeding was also hampered by a lack of males until Taiwanese researchers developed methods to artificially trigger sex change about a decade ago.

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